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Volume 17. Treatment on page 82. Mentioned on page 12, 13, 15, 57, 61, 75, 80, 81, 83, 84, 85, 92, 94, 96, 97, 98, 108, 110, 117, 125, 131, 144, 145, 146, 150

> 81 81 Inflorescence branches usually solitary at each node (sometimes only 1 per panicle); spikelets laterally compressed or terete Bouteloua 81 Inflorescence

Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 81: 33–144. Webster, G. L. 1994b. Classification of the Euphorbiaceae. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 81: 3–32. Webster, G. L. 2014

Laurel K. Anderton Treatment appears in FNA Volume 24. Treatment on page 81. Plants perennial, rarely annual. Sheaths compressed, usually at least weakly

rosinweed IllustratedEndemic Treatment appears in FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 81. Mentioned on page 77, 78, 82. Illustrator: Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey Copyright:

(Tuckerman) Kükenthal in H. G. A. Engler in H. G. A. Engler, Pflanzenr. 20[IV,38]: 81. 1909. Debra A. Dunlop Basionym: Scirpinae Tuckerman Enum. Meth. Caric., 8

g Tracyanthus Small Treatment appears in FNA Volume 26. Treatment on page 81. Mentioned on page 14, 53, 54, 82, 88, 90, 303. Herbs, perennial, subscapose

names: Hornwort Family Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3. Treatment on page 81. Herbs perennial, aquatic, without rhizomes; roots absent; air chambers conspicuous

Rhodora 12: 81--93. Hamet- Stace, C. A. 1970. Anatomy and taxonomy in Juncus subgenus Genuini. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 63(suppl. 11): 75--81. Juncus arcticus

Bot. Fenn. 5: 145, figs. 14, 15, 20, 31, 32, 35, 36, 41, 43, 47, 60, 69, 78, 81, 98, 100. 1968. Terry T. McIntosh, Steven G. Newmaster Etymology: Greek plagios

Flowers not resupinate. > 81 80 Flowers resupinate. > 83 81 Column 0.3 mm; lip 1–2 mm; dorsal sepal 1–2.2 mm, reflexed. Prescottia 81 Column 1.5–5 mm; lip 2–7

FNA Volume 17. Treatment on page 57. Mentioned on page 5, 12, 15, 59, 80, 81, 294. Herbs, perennial; rhizomes producing 1–12 aerial stems. Stems erect

reddish tinged, 5-10 dm; petioles basally enlarged and clasping. Leaflets 9-81, nearly sessile, leaflet blades 4-11 1.5-3 cm, base cuneate, apex acuminate

appears in FNA Volume 12. Treatment on page 93. Mentioned on page 79, 80, 81, 90, 91, 94. Shrubs, evergreen, 0.3–3.5 m. Stems erect, ascending, arcuate

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 12. Treatment on page 88. Mentioned on page 79, 81, 86, 92. Shrubs, sometimes arborescent, evergreen, 2–3 (–6) m. Stems erect

in War Department [U.S.] in War Department [U.S.], Pacif. Railr. Rep. 6(3): 81. 1858 ,. Gary D. Wallace Etymology: Greek allos, other or different, and tropos

familyAgavaceae genusNolina speciesNolina atopocarpa Bartlett Rhodora 11: 81. 1909. William J. Hess Common names: Florida beargrass IllustratedEndemic

ntinus) G. L. Nesom Treatment appears in FNA Volume 19. Treatment on page 81. Mentioned on page 80. Illustrator: Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey Copyright: Flora

in A. von Humboldt et al. in A. von Humboldt et al., Nov. Gen. Sp. 4(fol.): 81. 1818. , 4(qto.): 103. 1820. John C. Semple, Rachel E. Cook Common names:

speciesHyacinthoides non-scripta (Linnaeus) Chouard Bull. Soc. Bot. France 81: 625. 1934. J. McNeill Common names: English bluebell IntroducedIllustrated

familyPlantaginaceae genusHippuris speciesHippuris tetraphylla Linnaeus f. Suppl. Pl., 81. 1782. Reidar Elven, David F. Murray, Heidi Solstad Common names: Hippuride

speciesHymenophyllum tayloriae Farrar & Raine in Raine et al. in Raine et al.,Amer. Fern J. 81: 116, figs. 4–6, 11–13, 16–17. 1991. Donald R. Farrar Common names: Taylor's

brownish; glumes shorter than the florets. > 79 80 Lemma awns 0.5-6 mm long. > 81 81 Blades 10-60 cm long. > 82 82 Glumes acute, unawned; ligules 4-10 mm long

operculum to entire capsule. Worldwide Genera ca. 8, species ca. 250 (5 genera, 81 species in the flora). Species of Grimmioideae are separated from those of

Eleocharis texana Britton Treatment appears in FNA Volume 23. Treatment on page 81. Mentioned on page 66, 82. Illustrator: Elizabeth Zimmerman Copyright: Flora

portulacastrum (Linnaeus) Kuntze Treatment appears in FNA Volume 4. Treatment on page 81. Mentioned on page 78, 80. Illustrator: Barbara Alongi Copyright: Flora of

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 12. Treatment on page 89. Mentioned on page 81. Shrubs, evergreen, 1.5–2.5 m. Stems erect, rarely spreading, not rooting

appears in FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 80. Mentioned on page 77, 78, 81. Plants caulescent, 40–200 cm; fibrous-rooted. Stems terete to slightly square

plate 10, fig. 18. 1801 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 28. Treatment on page 81. Mentioned on page 79, 80. Plants to 2.3 cm. Stem-leaves loosely erect and

Dawn Frame Illustrated Treatment appears in FNA Volume 26. Treatment on page 81. Mentioned on page 75, 80. Illustrator: Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey Copyright: Flora

varietyAgave toumeyana var. bella Breitung Cact. Succ. J. (Los Angeles) 32: 81, fig. 41. 1960. James L. Reveal, Wendy C. Hodgson Common names: Fairy-ring

Show Lower Taxa Anelsonia eurycarpa J. F. Macbride & Payson Bot. Gaz. 64: 81. 1917. Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz Etymology: For Aven Nelson, 1859–1952, American

War Department [U.S.] in War Department [U.S.], Pacif. Railr. Rep. 6(3): 80, 81. 1858 ,. Gary D. Wallace Common names: Sugarstick IllustratedEndemic Treatment

pressing. > 86 80 Stamens much shorter than tepals. > 81 80 Stamens equaling tepals or exserted. > 82 81 Bulb coat cellular-reticulate with elongate, ± obscure

IllustratedEndemic Basionym: Arethusa verticillata Muhlenberg ex Willdenow Sp. Pl. 4(1): 81. 1805 Synonyms: Pogonia verticillata (Muhlenberg ex Willdenow) Nuttall Treatment

Delphinium polycladon, Delphinium viridescens M. J. Warnock Phytologia 78: 81. 1995. Michael J. Warnock Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3. Roots 2-6-branched

genusPericome Show Lower Taxa Pericome caudata A. Gray Smithsonian Contr. Knowl. 5(6): 81. 1853. Sharon C. Yarborough, A. Michael Powell Etymology: Greek peri, around

rays appressed or somewhat spreading > 81 81 Fruits globose, (1-)2-2.8 mm; styles 2-3.5(-4) mm. Physaria globosa 81 Fruits globose, subglobose, orbicular

IllustratedEndemic Basionym: Cyclobothra monophylla Lindley J. Hort. Soc. London 4: 81. 1849 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 26. Treatment on page 124. Mentioned

genusMalephora Show Lower Taxa Malephora crocea N. E. Brown Gard. Chron., ser. 3, 81: 12. 1927. John E. Bleck Etymology: Greek malle, arm-hole, and pherein, to

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 17. Treatment on page 90. Mentioned on page 81. Illustrator: John Myers Copyright: Flora of North America Association Leaf-blades:

familyVittariaceae genusVittaria speciesVittaria appalachiana Farrar & Mickel Amer. Fern J. 81: 72. 1991. Donald R. Farrar Common names: Appalachian shoestring fern Appalachian

Botrychium speciesBotrychium gallicomontanum Farrar & Johnson Groh Amer. Fern J. 81: 1, figs. 1, 2, 4. 1991. Warren H. Wagner Jr., Florence S. Wagner Common names:

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 6. Treatment on page 79. Mentioned on page 76, 80, 81. Shrubs, erect, forming dense thickets, 3–45 dm, bark smooth, not metallic-silvery

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 17. Treatment on page 90. Mentioned on page 81. Illustrator: John Myers Copyright: Flora of North America Association Leaf-blades:

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 12. Treatment on page 83. Mentioned on page 81, 84. Shrubs, sometimes arborescent, evergreen, 1–6 m. Stems ascending to erect

sectionHypericum sect. Myriandra speciesHypericum frondosum Michaux Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 81. 1803. Norman K. B. Robson Common names: Golden St. John’s wort EndemicIllustratedWeedy

genusPolypodium speciesPolypodium appalachianum Haufler & Windham Amer. Fern J. 81: 18. 1991. Christopher H. Haufler, Michael D. Windham, Frank A. Lang, S. A

braided with 5–7 discontinuous ridges; column 13–19 mm. Capsules (9–) 27–41 (–81) × (3.2–) 4–8 (–8.5) mm. 2n = 18. Phenology: Flowering Apr–May (coastal plain)

Basionym: Antirrhinum sect. Pseudorontium A. Gray Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 12: 81. 1876 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 17. Treatment on page 42. Mentioned

nemorosus (Douglas) Trautvetter Treatment appears in FNA Volume 17. Treatment on page 81. Mentioned on page 57, 80. Illustrator: Barbara Alongi Copyright: Flora of

speciesPleradenophora bilocularis (S. Watson) Esser & A. L. Melo Phytotaxa 81: 34. 2013. Kenneth J. Wurdack Common names: Arrow poison plant hierba de la

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 12. Treatment on page 82. Mentioned on page 78, 81, 83. Illustrator: Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey Copyright: Flora of North America Association

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 8. Treatment on page 80. Mentioned on page 78, 79, 81. Illustrator: Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey Copyright: Flora of North America Association

appears in FNA Volume 23. Treatment on page 80. Mentioned on page 66, 68, 79, 81, 82, 83. Illustrator: Elizabeth Zimmerman Copyright: Flora of North America

genusHymenostylium Show Lower Taxa Hymenostylium recurvirostrum Bridel Bryol. Univ. 2: 81. 1827 ,. Patricia M. Eckel Etymology: Greek hymen, membrane, and stylos, pillar

appears in FNA Volume 23. Treatment on page 80. Mentioned on page 66, 68, 81. Illustrator: Elizabeth Zimmerman Copyright: Flora of North America Association

5–2 mm then with 5–7 faint transverse ridges). > 81 81 Involucres 0.4–0.6 mm. Euphorbia micromera 81 Involucres 0.6–1.8 mm (usually more than 0.8 mm).

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 26. Treatment on page 83. Mentioned on page 81, 82, 84. Illustrator: Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey Copyright: Flora of North America

Synonyms: Zygodon apiculatus Treatment appears in FNA Volume 28. Treatment on page 81. Illustrator: Patricia M. Eckel Copyright: Flora of North America Association

subsect. Elata Show Lower Taxa Delphinium elatum W. T. Wang Acta Bot. Sin. 10: 81. 1962. Michael J. Warnock Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3. Roots 20-50 cm

varietyHeuchera parviflora var. puberula (Mackenzie & Bush) E. F. Wells Rhodora 81: 577. 1979,. Elizabeth Fortson Wells, Barbara Greene Shipes Endemic Basionym:

Muehlenbeckia hastulata var. hastulata (Smith) I. M. Johnston Contr. Gray Herb. 81: 88. 1928. Craig C. Freeman Common names: Wirevine Introduced Basionym: Rumex

maritima var. grandiflora (Bentham) Pennell Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 81: 154. 1929. Judith M. Canne-Hilliker†, John F. Hays Basionym: Gerardia maritima

Hogan Endemic Basionym: Quamasia walpolei Piper Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 29: 81. 1916 Synonyms: Camassia walpolei (Piper) J. F. Macbride Treatment appears

lobed, pinnatifid, or pinnatisect > 81 80 Basal leaves: margins entire, subentire, or dentate (toward apices) > 82 81 Plants rhizomatous and/or fibrous-rooted

occidentalis (Muhlenberg ex Bigelow) Á. Löve & D. Löve Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 81: 33. 1954. S. Galen Smith Illustrated Basionym: Scirpus acutus Muhlenberg

lovegrass Eragrostide pecttnee Treatment appears in FNA Volume 25. Treatment on page 81. Plants annual; tufted, without innovations, without glandular pits. Culms

Panicularia septentrionalis Treatment appears in FNA Volume 24. Treatment on page 81. Illustrator: Cindy Roché Copyright: Utah State University Plants perennial

(3.5–) 4.5–10.5 (–18.5) × (0.7–) 1–1.7 (–2.4) mm. Disc-florets (9–) 20–50 (–81); corollas ± ampliate, (4–) 5.5–7 (–9.5) mm, glabrous to glabrate, lobes 0

Monographie der Familie der Turneraceen. Jahrb. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 2: 81–148. Piriqueta, Turnera window.propertiesFromHigherTaxa=[];

cladistic analysis of rbcL sequence and morphological data. Amer. J. Bot. 81: 1027–1037. Wood, C. E. Jr. 1960. The genera of Sarraceniaceae and Droseraceae

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 17. Treatment on page 86. Mentioned on page 81, 85. Illustrator: John Myers Copyright: Flora of North America Association

Arbuscella speciesSalix arbusculoides Andersson Monogr. Salicum, 147, plate 8, fig. 81. 1867. George W. Argus Common names: Little-tree willow IllustratedEndemic

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 17. Treatment on page 90. Mentioned on page 81, 86. Herbs or subshrubs, sometimes cespitose. Stems ascending to erect, 6–30

genusHexalectris speciesHexalectris nitida L. O. Williams J. Arnold Arbor. 25: 81. 1944. Douglas H. Goldman, Ronald A. Coleman, Lawrence K. Magrath, Paul M

fasciculatum (Lamarck) Svenson Treatment appears in FNA Volume 6. Treatment on page 81. Mentioned on page 76, 80. Illustrator: Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey Copyright: Flora

genusEntosthodon speciesEntosthodon tucsonii (Bartram) Grout Moss Fl. N. Amer. 2: 81. 1935,. Donna H. Miller, Harvey A. Miller Basionym: Funaria tucsonii Bartram

acanthoneura (Schwagrichen) Lindberg Not. Sällsk. Fauna Fl. Fenn. Förh. 9: 81. 1868. Terry T. McIntosh, Steven G. Newmaster EndemicIllustrated Basionym:

speciesAnelsonia eurycarpa (A. Gray) J. F. Macbride & Payson Bot. Gaz. 64: 81. 1917. Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz IllustratedEndemic Basionym: Draba eurycarpa A

speciesHexalectris grandiflora (A. Richard & Galeotti) L. O. Williams J. Arnold Arbor. 25: 81. 1944. Douglas H. Goldman, Ronald A. Coleman, Lawrence K. Magrath, Paul M

yellowish, widely ellipsoid to ovoid, 0.26–0.49, not tailed. 2n = 27–37, 58–81, 108–115. Phenology: Flowering and fruiting spring–early fall. Habitat: Moist

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 12. Treatment on page 94. Mentioned on page 80, 81. Shrubs, evergreen, 0.5–1 m. Stems ascending to spreading, not rooting at

americana varietyHeuchera americana var. hispida (Pursh) E. F. Wells Rhodora 81: 576. 1979 ,. Elizabeth Fortson Wells, Barbara Greene Shipes Common names:

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 12. Treatment on page 84. Mentioned on page 80, 81. Shrubs, deciduous, 0.5–1 m. Stems erect, ascending, or spreading, not rooting

genusAgalinis speciesAgalinis calycina Pennell Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 81: 141. 1929. Judith M. Canne-Hilliker†, John F. Hays Common names: Leoncita

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 12. Treatment on page 91. Mentioned on page 81, 90, 92. Shrubs, sometimes arborescent, evergreen, 0.5–4 m. Stems erect, ascending

Reese† Illustrated Basionym: Pterigynandrum julaceum Hedwig Sp. Musc. Frond., 81. 1801 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 28. Treatment on page 594. Mentioned

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 12. Treatment on page 88. Mentioned on page 81. Shrubs, sometimes arborescent, evergreen, 2–7 m. Stems erect, not rooting

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 12. Treatment on page 82. Mentioned on page 81, 87. Shrubs, deciduous, 0.6–1 m. Stems erect to ascending, not rooting at

Artorhiza speciesBalsamorhiza careyana A. Gray Mem. Amer. Acad. Arts, n. s. 4: 81. 1849. William A. Weber Endemic Synonyms: Balsamorhiza careyana var. intermedia Cronquist

scirpoidea var. convoluta Kükenthal in H. G. A. Engler, Pflanzenr. 20[IV,38]: 81. 1909 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 23. Treatment on page 551. Mentioned

Plains. Prunus gracilis 81 Emerging leaves: marginal teeth eglandular; sepals irregularly or obscurely glandular-toothed > 82 81 Emerging leaves: marginal

1.2-2 mm, sometimes aborted late in development or undeveloped. 2n = 42, [81, 84, 86?]. Generated Map Legacy Map Colo., Wash., Utah, Alta., B.C., Oreg

FNA Volume 7. Treatment on page 69. Mentioned on page 27, 62, 70, 74, 80, 81. Plants 0.005–0.05 m, (dwarf), forming clones by rhizomes. Stems erect; branches

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 5. Treatment on page 80. Mentioned on page 79, 81, 84, 89, 92. Illustrator: Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey Copyright: Flora of North America

Eragrostis multicaulis Treatment appears in FNA Volume 25. Treatment on page 81. Plants annual; tufted, without innovations. Culms 8-45 (70) cm, erect or

1983. A systematic study of Aster section Patentes (Asteraceae). Sida 10: 41–81. Symphyotrichum adnatum, Symphyotrichum campestre, Symphyotrichum concolor

Given the opportunity, some non-native willows can be very aggressive (see 81. S. cinerea). In Australia and New Zealand, where Salix is not native, some

inundatum (Russow) C. E. O. Jensen Treatment appears in FNA Volume 27. Treatment on page 81. Mentioned on page 79, 82. Plants moderate-sized, green in the shade to variegated

speciesCotoneaster sternianus (Turrill) Boom Jaarb. Ned. Dendrol. Ver. 20: 81. 1957. Jeanette Fryer, Bertil Hylmö†, Peter F. Zika Common names: Stern’s

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 9. Treatment on page 80. Mentioned on page 81. Illustrator: John Myers Copyright: Flora of North America Association Stems

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 27. Treatment on page 80. Mentioned on page 79, 81, 83, 84. Plants moderate-sized, normally erect; yellowish to reddish-brown

speciesHeuchera caroliniana (Rosendahl Butters & Lakela) E. F. Wells Rhodora 81: 575. 1979,. Elizabeth Fortson Wells, Barbara Greene Shipes Common names:

concern Basionym: Laphamia dissecta Torrey Smithsonian Contr. Knowl. 5(6): 81. 1853 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 331. Mentioned

Catkins: staminate 29–72 × 12–15 mm, flowering branchlet 1–10 mm; pistillate 50–81 × 17–27 mm, flowering branchlet 5–30 mm; floral bract (tawny, sometimes greenish)

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 27. Treatment on page 88. Mentioned on page 81, 86, 89, 96. Plants small, soft and slender; capitulum small; pale-pink to

Rumex sectionRumex sect. Rumex speciesRumex brownii Campderá Monogr. Rumex, 81. 1819. Sergei L. Mosyakin Common names: Brown’s dock IntroducedIllustrated

4–5-pinnate, with proximal pinnae at least 1/2 as long as blades. n = 2n = 81, apogamous. Phenology: Sporulating summer–fall. Habitat: Rocky slopes and

s kingii subsp. densiflorus T. I. Chuang & Heckard Syst. Bot. Monogr. 10: 81, figs. 9g, 31r. 1986. Kerry A. Barringer Endemic Synonyms: Cordylanthus kingii

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 82. Mentioned on page 81. Plants 25–110 cm. Leaves: basal persistent; cauline opposite or alternate;

Acad. Arts 8: 653. 1873 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 81. Mentioned on page 80. Plants 30–100 cm. Basal leaves persistent. Heads to

Endemic Basionym: Tiarella unifoliata Hooker Fl. Bor.-Amer. 1: 238, plate 81. 1832 Synonyms: Tiarella trifoliata subsp. unifoliata (Hooker) P. M. Kern

to oblong, 3–4-pinnate, proximal pinnae 1/4–1/3 as long as blades. n = 2n = 81, apogamous. Phenology: Sporulating summer–fall. Habitat: Rocky slopes and

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 12. Treatment on page 90. Mentioned on page 81. Shrubs, evergreen, 2–5 m. Stems erect, not rooting at nodes; branchlets light

kingii subsp. helleri (Ferris) T. I. Chuang & Heckard Syst. Bot. Monogr. 10: 81. 1986. Kerry A. Barringer Common names: Heller’s bird’s-beak Endemic Basionym:

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 82. Mentioned on page 81. Plants 75–140 cm. Leaves: basal persistent; cauline mostly whorled (in 3s);

sea-purslane Endemic Treatment appears in FNA Volume 4. Treatment on page 81. Mentioned on page 80. Plants annual, papillate with crystalline globules

genusPterigynandrum speciesPterigynandrum filiforme Hedwig Sp. Musc. Frond., 81. 1801. Dale H. Vitt Illustrated Treatment appears in FNA Volume 28. Treatment

usually not or little clasping, sometimes slightly rounded or auriculate > 81 80 Cauline leaf bases (at least some) usually cuneate, sometimes attenuate

Hauke, R.L. 1966. A systematic study of Equisetum arvense. Nova Hedwigia 13: 81--109. Hauke, R.L. 1979. Equisetum ramosissimum in North America. Amer. Fern

Capparidaceae and Moringaceae in the southeastern United States. J. Arnold Arbor. 44: 81–95. Hall, J. C., K. J. Sytsma, and H. H. Iltis. 2002. Phylogeny of Capparaceae

caespitosa (Kennedy) C. K. Schneider Treatment appears in FNA Volume 7. Treatment on page 81. Mentioned on page 63, 82. Illustrator: John Myers Copyright: Flora of North

Poinsettia speciesEuphorbia cyathophora Murray Commentat. Soc. Regiae Sci. Gott. 7: 81, plate 1. 1786. Jess A. Peirson, Paul E. Berry, Victor W. Steinmann Common

appears in FNA Volume 7. Treatment on page 83. Mentioned on page 25, 61, 80, 81, 85, 90, 92, 93, 121, 128, 137, 152, 153, 1. Illustrator: John Myers Copyright:

Schlechtendal) Fenzl Treatment appears in FNA Volume 5. Treatment on page 81. Mentioned on page 76, 77, 78, 80, 82, 86. Illustrator: Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey

wide. Seeds ovoid, 1.2–1.7 × 0.8–1 mm; not winged or wing apiculate. 2n = 81. Phenology: Flowering Apr–Aug. Habitat: Calcareous talus and cliffs, roadsides

pilosa Paul M. Peterson Treatment appears in FNA Volume 25. Treatment on page 81. Illustrator: Cindy Roché, Linda A. Vorobik Copyright: Utah State University

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 12. Treatment on page 83. Mentioned on page 81, 82. Shrubs, deciduous, 1–2.5 m. Stems erect to ascending, not rooting at

genusTetraneuris speciesTetraneuris verdiensis R. A. Denham & B. L. Turner Phytologia 81: 5, fig. 1. 1996. Mark W. Bierner, Billie L. Turner Treatment appears in FNA

names: Sticky rosinweed Treatment appears in FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 81. Mentioned on page 78. Plants caulescent 80–150 (–180) cm; fibrous-rooted

Sesuvium erectum Correll Treatment appears in FNA Volume 4. Treatment on page 81. Mentioned on page 80. Plants perennial, papillate with crystalline globules

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 82. Mentioned on page 81. Plants 50–150 cm. Leaves: basal persistent or caducous; cauline mostly opposite;

laciniatum Eastwood ex Small & Rydberg Treatment appears in FNA Volume 8. Treatment on page 81. Mentioned on page 78. Plants slender to robust. Flowering-stems often branched

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 12. Treatment on page 90. Mentioned on page 81, 84, 86, 87, 89, 91, 92, 93. Shrubs, sometimes arborescent, evergreen, 0.5–6

rushrose Endemic Basionym: Helianthemum suffrutescens B. Schreiber Madroño 5: 81, fig. 1. 1939 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 6. Treatment on page 408. Mentioned

spreading, creamy white, outermost whorl sepaloid, reflexed, greenish; stamens 81-103 (-115), 8-17 mm; filaments purple; pistils (45-) 53-66 (-73). Follicetums

speciesCampylopus oerstedianus (Müller Hal.) Mitten J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 12: 81. 1869,. Jan-Peter Frahm Basionym: Dicranum oerstedianum Müller Hal. Syn. Musc

varietyDraba cuneifolia var. sonorae (Greene) Parish Bull. S. Calif. Acad. Sci. 2: 81. 1903. Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz, Michael D. Windham, Reidar Elven Basionym: Draba

Shaggy rosinweed Endemic Treatment appears in FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 81. Mentioned on page 78. Plants caulescent, 40–160 cm; fibrous-rooted. Stems

Cumberland rosinweed Endemic Treatment appears in FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 81. Mentioned on page 77. Plants caulescent, 65–200 cm; fibrous-rooted. Stems

cymbalaria (Torrey & A. Gray) Steudel Treatment appears in FNA Volume 8. Treatment on page 81. Mentioned on page 78. Plants slender. Flowering-stems simple, 20–40 cm. Leaves

Scape 21.4–21.95 dm. Inflorescences crowded, 2.8–3.95 dm, bearing 27–46 (–81) flowers. Flowers nearly erect, with cooked onion odor; tepals golden green

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 4. Treatment on page 80. Mentioned on page 81. Plants annual, papillate, glabrous. Stems prostrate to ascending, usually

familyOrobanchaceae genusEuphrasia speciesEuphrasia nemorosa (Persoon) Wallroth Annus Bot., 81. 1815. Galina Gussarova Common names: Common eyebright euphraise des bois

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 28. Treatment on page 80. Mentioned on page 79, 81. Illustrator: Patricia M. Eckel Copyright: Flora of North America Association

Koch Paul M. Peterson Treatment appears in FNA Volume 25. Treatment on page 81. Illustrator: Cindy Roché, Linda A. Vorobik Copyright: Utah State University

John’s wort Endemic Treatment appears in FNA Volume 6. Treatment on page 81. Mentioned on page 74. Shrubs, decumbent, spreading and rooting, wiry, branches

2 repr. 2, 680. 1892, Treatment appears in FNA Volume 6. Treatment on page 81. Mentioned on page 76, 80. Shrubs, erect, treelike, to 40 dm, bark thick-corky

flowered. Salix eriocephala 81 Largest medial blades not glaucous abaxially Salix sects. 2e1. Hastatae and 2e2. Cordatae 81 Largest medial blades glaucous

straight (if erect) or geniculate at nodes; fruiting pedicels not paired. > 81 81 Stems and pedicels villous or villous-glandular, pedicels sometimes stipitate-glandular

wieboldtii H. A. Crum Treatment appears in FNA Volume 27. Treatment on page 81. Mentioned on page 79, 80, 82, 83. Plants moderate-sized to robust; upright

mannagrass Glycerie boreale Treatment appears in FNA Volume 24. Treatment on page 81. Illustrator: Cindy Roché Copyright: Utah State University Plants perennial

FNA Volume 7. Treatment on page 69. Mentioned on page 62, 63, 70, 74, 80, 81. Illustrator: John Myers Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 5. Treatment on page 83. Mentioned on page 75, 81, 84, 85. Illustrator: Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey Copyright: Flora of North America

parenchyma not mucilaginous; medullary vascular system absent. Spines (35–) 40–55 (–81) per areole, white, tips yellowish or reddish; radial spines 22–40+ per areole

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 20. Treatment on page 79. Mentioned on page 81. Illustrator: Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey Copyright: Flora of North America Association

page 78. Mentioned on page 24, 28, 63, 68, 69, 70, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 80, 81, 82, 84. Illustrator: John Myers Copyright: Flora of North America Association

44+f, ca. 48, 56, ca. 62, 63, ca. 66, ca. 68, 70, ca. 72, ca. 74, 78, ca. 80, 81, 82, ca. 83, 84-86, ca. 87, ca. 88, ca. 90, ca. 91, 93, ca. 94, ca. 97, ca

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 27. Treatment on page 96. Mentioned on page 81, 83, 88, 89, 90, 92, 93, 99, 100. Plants small to moderate-sized, slender

subtribe Coreopsidinae genusBidens speciesBidens mitis (Michaux) Sherff Bot. Gaz. 81: 43. 1926. John L. Strother, Ronald R. Weedon Endemic Basionym: Coreopsis

Lycopodium digitatum Dillenius ex A. Braun Amer. J. Sci. Arts, ser. 2, 6: 81. 1848 Synonyms: Lycopodium complanatum var. flabelliforme Fernald Lycopodium

genusBoechera speciesBoechera rollinsiorum Windham & Al-Shehbaz Harvard Pap. Bot. 11: 81. 2006. Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz, Michael D. Windham Treatment appears in FNA Volume

Bryum klinggraeffii Schimper in H. E. M. von Klinggräff, Höh. Crypt. Preuss., 81. 1858 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 28. Treatment on page 138. Mentioned

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 7. Treatment on page 77. Mentioned on page 81. Illustrator: John Myers Copyright: Flora of North America Association Leaves:

speciesBryoerythrophyllum columbianum (F. J. Hermann & E. Lawton) R. H. Zander Bryologist 81: 548. 1979,. Richard H. Zander Basionym: Didymodon columbianus F. J. Hermann

FNA Volume 27. Treatment on page 74. Mentioned on page 63, 64, 66, 68, 73, 81. Plants moderate-sized and fairly strong-stemmed; green, yellow to yellowish-brown;

Sphagnum intermedium var. pulchrum Lindberg in R. Braithwaite, Sphagnac. Europe, 81, fig. 25g. 1880 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 27. Treatment on page 74.

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 8. Treatment on page 80. Mentioned on page 78, 81. Plants robust. Flowering-stems simple, 20–55 cm. Leaves in basal rosette

genusCerastium speciesCerastium bialynickii Tolmatchew Trudy Bot. Muz. 21: 81, fig. 1. 1927. John K. Morton Common names: Bialynick’s mouse-ear chickweed

Pecos mouse-ear chickweed Treatment appears in FNA Volume 5. Treatment on page 81. Mentioned on page 74, 75. Plants annual, viscid. Stems usually erect, simple

Basionym: Cathartolinum alatum Small in N. L. Britton et al. N. Amer. Fl. 25: 81. 1907 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 12. Treatment on page 389. Mentioned

Gaillardiinae genusHelenium speciesHelenium flexuosum Rafinesque New Fl. 4: 81. 1838. Mark W. Bierner Common names: Purplehead sneezeweed hélénie nudiflore

appears in FNA Volume 27. Treatment on page 84. Mentioned on page 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 90. Plants small, slender, often wiry; green, yellowbrown or golden

genusEpidendrum speciesEpidendrum magnoliae Muhlenberg Cat. Pl. Amer. Sept., 81. 1813. Eric Hágsater Common names: Green-fly orchid Synonyms: Amphiglottis

1-stratose; apex apiculate or obtuse to acute; medial laminal cells vermicular, 40–81 × 5–7 µm. Proximal branch leaves gradually grading distally into leaves similar

Organization for Flora Neotropica. 1968+. Flora Neotropica. 121+ nos. New York. No. 81, pp. 1–225. Buddleja davidii, Buddleja indica, Buddleja lindleyana, Buddleja

new to Louisiana: First record in the U.S. outside of Florida. Amer. Fern J. 81: 105--106. None. "equaling" is not a number."longest" is not a number.window

systematics of danthonioid grasses (Arundinoideae: Poaceae). Amer. J. Bot. 81:1601-1610. Poaceae tribe Danthonieae "decumbent" is not a number."elongated"

propagulosa of the United States is Rhachithecium perpusillum. Bryologist 81: 458–460. Rhachithecium window.propertiesFromHigherTaxa=[];

viridissimus Dale H. Vitt Treatment appears in FNA Volume 28. Treatment on page 81. Plants to 1.5 cm, light green to olive green. Stem-leaves oblong-lanceolate

varietyIsocoma acradenia var. bracteosa (Greene) G. L. Nesom Phytologia 70: 81. 1991. Guy L. Nesom Endemic Basionym: Isocoma bracteosa Greene Leafl. Bot

1890. Dale H. Vitt Treatment appears in FNA Volume 28. Treatment on page 81. Plants to 1.7 cm, light green. Stem-leaves oblong-lanceolate to narrowly

species of African Celosia and a new conspectus of Hermbstaedtia. Kew Bull. 37: 81–90. Hermbstaedtia odorata window.propertiesFromHigherTaxa=[{"rank":"family"

1957. A revision of the genus Marshallia (Compositae). Contr. Gray Herb. 81: 41–132. Watson, L. E. and J. R. Estes. 1990. Biosystematic and phenetic analysis

Arceuthobium based upon rDNA internal transcribed spacer sequences. Amer. J. Bot. 81: 1149–1160. Nickrent, D. L. 1996. Molecular systematics. In: F. G. Hawksworth

keels finely scabrous; anthers vestigial (0.1-0.2 mm) or 2-4.5 mm. 2n = 42, 81 (both counts of uncertain application). Generated Map Legacy Map Calif. Poa

appears in FNA Volume 7. Treatment on page 75. Mentioned on page 24, 27, 62, 80, 81, 114, 115. Plants 0.02–0.1 m, forming clones by layering or rhizomes. Stems

serrulate; juvenile blade reddish, glabrous abaxially. Catkins: staminate 27–81 × 9–13 mm, flowering branchlet 9–21 mm; pistillate moderately to densely flowered

Basionym: Arabis sparsiflora Nuttall in J. Torrey and A. Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 1: 81. 1838 Synonyms: Arabis arcoidea A. Nelson Arabis campyloloba Greene Arabis

Volume 7. Treatment on page 74. Mentioned on page 27, 63, 70, 72, 73, 80, 81. Plants 0.01–0.07 m, (dwarf), forming clonal mats by rhizomes. Stems trailing;

D. Windham Basionym: Arabis pendulina Greene Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 2: 81. 1910 Synonyms: Arabis demissa var. russeola Rollins Arabis diehlii M. E.

Basionym: Spiraea kirilowii Regel in E. Regel and H. S. T. Tiling, Fl. Ajan., 81. 1858 Synonyms: Sorbaria arborea C. K. Schneider Treatment appears in FNA

Windham & Haufler in Haufler & Windham in Haufler & Windham,Amer. Fern J. 81: 13. 1991. Christopher H. Haufler, Robbin C. Moran, Michael D. Windham Treatment

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 12. Treatment on page 90. Mentioned on page 80, 81, 87, 93. Shrubs, evergreen, 2–6 m. Stems erect or ascending, not rooting at

snakeweed Basionym: Greenella arizonica A. Gray Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 16: 81. 1880 Synonyms: Xanthocephalum arizonicum (A. Gray) Shinners Treatment appears

roseum Kunth in A. von Humboldt et al., Nov. Gen. Sp. 4(fol.): 63. 1818; 4(qto.): 81. 1820 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 19. Treatment on page 424. Mentioned

EndemicConservation concern Basionym: Chamaesyce serpyllum Small Fl. Florida Keys, 81, 155. 1913 Synonyms: C. deltoidea subsp. serpyllum (Small) D. G. Burch Treatment

Ecliptinae genusZinnia speciesZinnia violacea Cavanilles Icon. 1: 57, plate 81. 1791. Alan R. Smith Common names: Elegant or garden zinnia Introduced Synonyms:

in the flora). Ireland, R. R. 1978. Trichodon in North America. Bryologist 81: 150–154. Trichodon cylindricus window.propertiesFromHigherTaxa=[{"rank":"family"

Capparidaceae and Moringaceae in the southeastern United States. J. Arnold Arbor. 44: 81–95. Hall, J. C., K. J. Sytsma, and H. H. Iltis. 2002. Phylogeny of Capparaceae

generic relationships of Galinsoga (Compositae: Heliantheae). Madroño 25: 81–93. Galinsoga parviflora, Galinsoga quadriradiata window.propertiesFromHi

the genera and suprageneric taxa of Euphorbiaceae. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 81: 33–144. Wurdack, K., P. Hoffman, and M. W. Chase. 2005. Molecular phylogenetic

Polypodium, with comments on their reticulate relationships. Amer. Fern J. 81: 7--23. Lang, F. A. 1971. The Polypodium vulgare complex in the Pacific Northwest

genusOrthotrichum speciesOrthotrichum strangulatum P. Beauvois Prodr. Aethéogam., 81. 1805. Dale H. Vitt Endemic Synonyms: Orthotrichum calcareum Austin O. lescurii

Coccineae) ser. Lacrimatae speciesCrataegus furtiva Beadle Biltmore Bot. Stud. 1: 81. 1902. James B. Phipps Endemic Treatment appears in FNA Volume 9. Treatment

Phillips) N. H. Holmgren Treatment appears in FNA Volume 9. Treatment on page 81. Mentioned on page 80. Stems erect or arching, 2.5–10 (–15) dm; distal branches

Warren L. Wagner Basionym: Oenothera deltoides var. howellii Munz Aliso 2: 81. 1949 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 10. Herbs perennial, densely strigillose

stamens (179-) 213-383 (-405), 16-29 mm; filaments purple; pistils (45-) 55-81 (-89). Follicetums cylindric to somewhat obovoid, 7-10 × 3.5-5 cm; follicles

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 27. Treatment on page 76. Mentioned on page 62, 81, 84, 96. Plants small, slender and weak-stemmed; pale-yellow to golden brown

sect. Glabri speciesPenstemon comarrhenus A. Gray Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 12: 81. 1876. Craig C. Freeman Common names: Dusty beardtongue Endemic Treatment

appears in FNA Volume 6. Treatment on page 76. Mentioned on page 75, 77, 78, 81. Shrubs, erect or ± diffuse, forming rounded or irregular bush, (2–) 7.5–15

familyViolaceae genusViola speciesViola riviniana Reichenbach Iconogr. Bot. Pl. Crit. 1: 81, plate 95. 1823. R. John Little, Landon E. McKinney† Common names: Dog or

nemoralis var. major Peck Treatment appears in FNA Volume 20. Treatment on page 81. Mentioned on page 78, 79. Plants 35–65 cm (forming clones; rhizomes subsuperficial

de Candolle in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 14: 81. 1856. Craig C. Freeman Common names: Fringed jointweed Endemic Treatment

speciesThelypodiopsis vermicularis (S. L. Welsh & Reveal) Rollins Contr. Gray Herb. 212: 81. 1982. Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz Endemic Basionym: Thelypodium sagittatum var. vermicularis S

Parish club-cholla Endemic Basionym: Opuntia parishii Orcutt W. Amer. Sci. 10: 81. 1896 Synonyms: Corynopuntia parishii (Orcutt) F. M. Knuth Corynopuntia stanlyi

Cockerell R. vernonii Treatment appears in FNA Volume 9. Treatment on page 81. Mentioned on page 80. Stems erect, 10–15 dm; distal branches usually glabrous

neotropical Jatropha: Phenetic and phylogenetic analysis. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 81: 349–367. Dehgan, B. 201. Jatropha. In: Organization for Flora Neotropica

Agalinis and allies in North America: II. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 81: 111–249. Pettengill, J. B. and M. C. Neel. 2008. Phylogenetic patterns and

Polypodium, with comments on their reticulate relationships. Amer. Fern J. 81: 7--23. Cystopteris bulbifera, Cystopteris fragilis, Cystopteris laurentiana

Shinners, L. H. 1946b. Revision of the genus Chaetopappa DC. Wrightia 1: 63–81. Shinners, L. H. 1946c. Revision of the genus Leucelene Greene. Wrightia 1:

Taxonomy of the genus Aphanostephus (Asteraceae–Astereae). Phytologia 56: 81–101. Aphanostephus pilosus, Aphanostephus ramosissimus, Aphanostephus riddellii

in the world, second only to pollen of Lythrum from the Late Cretaceous (82–81 Ma) of Wyoming. Decodon was widespread and diverse during the Miocene in both

Colocasia esculenta var. aquatilis. Bull. Indo-Pacific Prehist. Assoc. 11: 69--81. Wang J.-K. and S. Higa, eds. 1983. Taro, a Review of Colocasia esculenta

(Sulawesi), Pacific Islands (Vanuatu), Australia (including Tasmania) Genera 81, species ca. 1700 (1 in the flora). Some species of Proteaceae produce edible

diversity in Leavenworthia populations with different inbreeding levels. Heredity 81: 453–461. Lloyd, D. G. 1965. Evolution of self-compatibility and racial differentiation

derivation of syncephalia in Lagascea (Heliantheae; Asteraceae). Amer. J. Bot. 81: 1139–1148. Stuessy, T. F. 1976. A systematic review of the subtribe Lagasceinae

1960. Cytology in grass systematics: A critical review. Nucleus (Calcutta) 3:81-110. Diarrhena "decumbent" is not a number.window.propertiesFromHigherTax

study of Eriophyllum confertiflorum (Compositae, Helenieae). Amer. J. Bot. 81: 919–926. Eriophyllum confertiflorum var. confertiflorum, Eriophyllum confertiflorum

mm, rarely normal. 2n = 56, 61, 62, 63, 64, 66, 61, 70, ca. 74, 75, 79, 80, 81, 87, 89, 90, 91. Generated Map Legacy Map Colo., N.Mex., Wash., Wyo., Utah

ca. 48, 56, ca. 62, 63, ca. 66, ca. 68, 70, ca. 72, ca. 74, ca. 78, ca. 80, 81, 82, ca. 83, 84, ca. 86, ca. 87, ca. 88, ca. 90, ca. 91, 93, ca. 94, ca. 98

nemoralis (Aiton) Nees Treatment appears in FNA Volume 20. Treatment on page 81. Mentioned on page 78, 79, 80. Plants 5–70 (–90) cm (± loosely clonal, sometimes

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 20. Treatment on page 371. Mentioned on page 78, 81, 366, 367, 372. Plants 10–100 cm; in lax clones, eglandular; rhizomes elongate

37, 38, 42, 51, 52, 56, 60, 66, 68, 69, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81. Poa pratensis subsp. colpodea is circumpolar. In the Flora region, its range

(Poaceae: Arundinoideae, Danthonieae). Abh. Senckenberg. Naturf. Ges. 532:1-81. Schismus arabicus, Schismus barbatus "decumbent" is not a number."elongated"

Inouye. 1994. Fly pollination in Linum lewisii (Linaceae). Amer. J. Bot. 81: 1091–1095. Linum lewisii var. alpicola, Linum lewisii var. lepagei, Linum

Greuter, W. 1968. Notulae nomenclatures et bibliographicae, 1-4. Candollea 23:81-108 Ujhely, J. 1972. Evolutionary problems of the European Koelerias. Pp.

year's straw in the arctic grass Arctophila fulva. Canad. Field-Naturalist 116:81-86 Brysting, A.K., M.F. Fay, I.J. Leitch, and S.G. Aiken. 2004. One or more

chorologische Untersuchungen an Arten von Melica L. subgen. Melica. Feddes Repert. 81:131-145 Hitchcock, A.S. 1951. Manual of the Grasses of the United States,

and R.L. Boles. 2003. Dupontia (Poaceae) in North America. Canad. J. Bot. 81:769-779. ×arctodupontia scleroclada "decumbent" is not a number.window.pr

of Bryoerythrophyllum and Morinia (Pottiaceae) in the New World. Bryologist 81: 539–560. Zander, R. H. 1980. Acid-base color reactions: The status of Triquetrella

with a provisional key to the section Euperezia. Contr. Gray Herb. 97: 1–81. Cabrera R., L. 1992. Systematics of Rzedowskiela Gen. Nov. (Asteraceae: Mutisieae:

gemmae of Lycopodium lucidulum Michaux (Lycopodiaceae). Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 72: 81--100. Ulrike, R. 1987. Growth patterns of gemmlings of Lycopodium lucidulum

1960. A Mexican pokeberry in San Francisco, California. Leafl. W. Bot. 9: 81–83. None. window.propertiesFromHigherTaxa=[{"rank":"genus","name":"Phytolacca"

Wiegand. 1910. The North American variation of Juncus effusus. Rhodora 12: 81--93. None. window.propertiesFromHigherTaxa=[{"rank":"subgenus","name":"Juncus

and R.L. Boles. 2003. Dupontia (Poaceae) in North America. Canad. J. Bot. 81:769-779 Brysting, A.K., M.F. Fay, I.J. Leitch, and S.G. Aiken. 2004. One or

and Zauschneria with strong support. Baum et al. also found weak support (81%) for the monophyly of sect. Epilobiopsis. None. Epilobium campestre, Epilobium

The genus Sclerocactus (Cactaceae)—Part 4. Cact. Succ. J. Gr. Brit. 15: 74–81. Sclerocactus blainei, Sclerocactus brevispinus, Sclerocactus cloverae, Sclerocactus

Taylor, eds. 1991. Notes on miscellaneous genera of Cactaceae. Bradleya 9: 81–92. Selenicereus grandiflorus, Selenicereus pteranthus, Selenicereus spinulosus

Taxonomic position of the genus Neohyophila Crum. Misc. Bryol. Lichenol. 6: 80–81. Zander, R. H. 1983. A reevaluation of Neohyophila Crum (Pottiaceae). Bryologist

Didymodon in North America north of Mexico. Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci. 36: 81–115. Didymodon anserinocapitatus, Didymodon asperifolius, Didymodon australasiae

In: E. Lawton. 1971. Moss Flora of the Pacific Northwest. Nichinan. Pp. 72–81. Peterson, W. L. 1979. A Revision of the Genera Dicranum and Orthodicranum

tree-sized willows on Victoria Island, Northwest Territories, reached 6–8 m, to 81 years of age (S. A. Edlund and P. A. Egginton 1984). Hybrids: Variety alaxensis

base cuneate, veins 5–7 per side. Crataegus species (see discussion under 81 Crataegus mendosa) 14 Leaf blades to 5 cm, lobes 2–4 per side, sinuses shallow

1960. Cytology in grass systematics: A critical review. Nucleus (Calcutta) 3:81-110. Diarrhena americana, Diarrhena obovata "decumbent" is not a number.window

branches); 800-2500 m elevation, w of Pecos River > 21 21 Spines (35-)40-55(-81) per areole, white with reddish or yellowish tips Coryphantha chaffeyi 21

teeth not furrowed. > 81 81 Exostome teeth striate; endostome with evident basal membrane and segments; e North America. Sematophyllum 81 Exostome teeth smooth

populations of Castilleja raupii. See additional notes for this form under 81. C. pallida. None. None. "arising" is not a number.window.propertiesFromH

Ellesmere Island, Tanquary Fiord marine forland, 1.5 mi. SW of base camp, 81°23’N, 76°59’W, G. S. Mogensen 90-134, July 19, 1990 (C). The spiraled leaf

notes on its post glacial migration to the territory. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 81: 83--86. Zavarin,E., K.Snajberk, T.Reichert, and Tsien E. 1970. On the geographic

there is incompletely understood. See additional notes for this form under 81. C. pallida. None. None. "arising" is not a number.window.propertiesFromH

glabrous, intercostal regions glabrous. 2n = 41-45, 48-59, 62, 64-74, 76, 78, 80, 81, 84-90, 95. More than 60 cultivars of Poa pratensis have been released in

Brassiceae)—Chloroplast genome and cytodeme congruence. Theor. Appl. Genet. 82: 81–92. Warwick, S. I. and L. D. Black. 1993. Molecular relationships in subtribe

compared to the crimson red of S. bartlettianum. See also discussion under 81. S. russowii and 86. S. talbotianum. None. None. "broad" is not a number.window

by its closely spaced parallel tertiary venation. See 76. S. discolor and 81. S. cinerea for further comparative descriptions. None. None. "-0.63mm" is

studies show that these specimens tend to be large, with a mean stem height of 81 cm, compared to 48 cm in western plants. Leaf arrangement consists of 2–5

perennial herbs, 566 woody plants (trees, shrubs, and half-shrubs), 837 annuals, 81 biennials, and 150 others (parasites, vines, succulents, aquatics, etc.).

(as shown in J.A. Wolfe 1985). From farther east, between latitudes 65° and 81° N, early Tertiary floras have been described from Ellesmere Island (R.L.

between Larrea divaricata of North and South America. Amer. Midl. Naturalist 81: 54--67. Barbour, M. G. 1988. Californian upland forests and woodlands. In: