Eleocharis parishii

Britton

J. New York Microscop. Soc. 5: 110. 1889.

Illustrated
Synonyms: Eleocharis disciformis Parish Eleocharis montevidensis var. disciformis (Parish) V. E. Grant Eleocharis montevidensis var. parishii (Britton) V. E. Grant
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 23. Treatment on page 80. Mentioned on page 66, 68, 81.

Plants perennial, mat-forming; rhizomes evident, long, 0.5–1 (–2) mm thick, firm, cortex persistent, longer internodes 5–30 mm, scales often fugaceous, 5–10 mm, membranous, not fibrous. Culms terete or cross-section elliptic (or rectangular), usually with to 8 blunt ridges when dry, 10–50 cm × 0.2–0.7 (–1) mm, soft to firm, spongy. Leaves: distal leaf-sheaths persistent, not splitting, mostly proximally dark red, distally red to brown or green, thinly papery to thickly membranous, apex usually redbrown, subtruncate to obtuse or subacute, callose, tooth often present on most or all culms, to 1 mm. Spikelets narrowly lanceoloid (to narrowly cylindric), 3–20 × 1.5–2.5 mm, apex acute; proximal scale amplexicaulous, entire; subproximal scale empty or with flower; floral scales appressed or spreading in fruit, 15–40, 3–4 per mm of rachilla, orange brown, midrib regions often greenish, ovate, 2–3 × 1 mm, apex entire, rounded to obtuse in proximal part of spikelet, acute in distal part, carinate, at least in distal part of spikelet. Flowers: perianth bristles 3–7, rarely apparently absent, stramineous to whitish, slender to stout, often unequal, rudimentary to slightly exceeding tubercle; stamens 3; anthers yellow to stramineous, 1.1–2 mm; styles 3-fid, 0.3–0.4 × 0.2–0.3 mm. Achenes falling with scales, yellowbrown or dark-brown, ellipsoid or obovoid to obpyriform, compressedtrigonous, angles evident to obscure, rarely prominent, 0.8–1.4 × 0.5–0.7 mm, neck absent to long, smooth or sometimes minutely cancellate at 20–30X. Tubercles whitish, pyramidal, often higher than wide, 0.3–0.4 × 0.25–0.35 mm. 2n = 10.


Phenology: Fruiting spring–fall.
Habitat: Fresh to brackish, wet soil or emergent, often drying lakeshores, ponds, streams, springs
Elevation: 500–2300 m

Distribution

V23 108-distribution-map.jpg

Ariz., Calif., Kans., Nev., N.Mex., Oreg., Tex., Utah, Mexico

Discussion

Eleocharis parishii is very similar to E. montevidensis, with which it sometimes grows. It differs from E. montevidensis mainly in its narrowly lanceoloid to cylindric spikelets and its floral scale apices not recurved or horizontally wrinkled. Some apparent intermediates occur in regions of sympatry. The floral scales of E. montevidensis are more densely placed on the rachilla.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"shortened" is not a number.

... more about "Eleocharis parishii"
dark-brown +  and yellowbrown +
cancellate or reticulate +  and rugulose +
obovoid;obpyriform +
color +  and texture +
0.08 cm0.8 mm <br />8.0e-4 m <br /> (0.14 cm1.4 mm <br />0.0014 m <br />) +
prominent +, evident +  and obscure +
0.5mm;0.7mm +
yellow;stramineous +
0.11 cm1.1 mm <br />0.0011 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
carinate;acute;rounded;obtuse +
S. Galen Smith* +, Jeremy J. Bruhl* +, M. Socorro González-Elizondo* +  and Francis J. Menapace* +
Britton +
flattened +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br />) +
persistent +
enlarged +
glumaceous +  and foliaceous +
2-ranked +  and arranged +
ascending +  and appressed +
parallel +  and divergent +
terete +, rolled +  and plicate +
persistent +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (100 cm1,000 mm <br />1 m <br />) +
0.3mm;5mm +
distally red +  and brown or green +
Ariz. +, Calif. +, Kans. +, Nev. +, N.Mex. +, Oreg. +, Tex. +, Utah +  and Mexico +
500–2300 m +
spreading +  and appressed +
membranous +  and thinly papery +
hypogynous +  and subtending +
biconvex +  and trigonous +
Fresh to brackish, wet soil or emergent, often drying lakeshores, ponds, streams, springs +
multi-ranked +, 2-ranked +, 3-ranked +  and alternate +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br />) +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (?) +
flattened +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br />) +
unequal +, slender +  and stout +
with (1-)3-6(-30) bristles and/or scales +
Fruiting spring–fall. +
2-3(-4)-carpellate +
3 (?) +  and 1 (?) +
stramineous;medium brown or red brown or blackish brown +
J. New York Microscop. Soc. +
ascending +  and horizontal +
caudex-like +
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
0.07 cm0.7 mm <br />7.0e-4 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
10cm;50cm +
spongy;soft;firm +
0.2mm;0.7mm +
adventitious +
fugaceous +
basal +  and proximal +
2-keeled +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
not fibrous +  and membranous +
cylindric +
Illustrated +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
lanceoloid +
1.5mm;2.5mm +
septate +, hollow +  and solid +
compressed +, terete +  and trigonous +
papillate +
0.03 cm0.3 mm <br />3.0e-4 m <br /> (0.04 cm0.4 mm <br />4.0e-4 m <br />) +
0.2mm;0.3mm +
with flower +  and empty +
Eleocharis disciformis +, Eleocharis montevidensis var. disciformis +  and Eleocharis montevidensis var. parishii +
Eleocharis parishii +
Eleocharis (sect. Eleocharis) ser. Eleocharis +
species +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
0.3mm;0.4mm +
often higher than wide +
pyramidal +
0.25mm +  and 0.35mm +
plant +  and mat-forming +