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or perennial, or subshrubs, sometimes glaucous, usually hairy, sometimes glabrate, hairs stellate or simple or both, with taproot, clustered fleshy roots

shrubs. Stems erect, ascending, or reclining to procumbent, glabrous or hairy, sometimes viscid (S. glabra). Leaves spirally arranged (distichous in S

305. Herbs, subshrubs, shrubs, or trees, erect or procumbent, often stellate-hairy, sometimes with glandular-hairs, generally mucilaginous, inner bark

page 188, 189, 194, 197. Herbs, subshrubs, shrubs, or trees, usually stellate-hairy. Leaves alternate, usually spiral, sometimes distichous (Malvoideae)

or shrubs [trees], annual or perennial, monoecious or dioecious; hairs stellate or scalelike; latex colorless to reddish [absent]. Leaves persistent, semideciduous

variously, conspicuously hairy on 1 or both surfaces at maturity, or abaxially strongly glandular or waxy; twigs glabrous or hairy, stellate or tomentose. > 8

annual or perennial. Stems erect or decumbent to ascending, stellate-canescent to stellate-silvery-lepidote, rarely glabrous. Leaves petiolate or sessile;

“setae”); “stellate-pubescent” refers to surfaces with scattered to crowded, ± dendritically branched (often called, but seldom truly, “stellate”) hairs mostly

annual or perennial, subshrubs, or shrubs [trees], glabrous or hairy, hairs simple [stellate to dendroid]. Leaves opposite [alternate or whorled], simple

free veinlets. Indument of transparent, needlelike, hooked, septate, or stellate hairs, or rarely hairs lacking. Sori inframedial to supramedial, occasionally

404, 406. Herbs, perennial, or subshrubs, 0.4–8 dm. Stems not dimorphic, hairy, usually some hairs (chasmogamous), 1–20 per capsule (cleistogamous). x =

ascending, brown or black, obovoid-reniform, usually papillate-stellate or minutely stellate-hairy or rarely glabrous. x = 17. Calif., nw Mexico Species 11 (10

Mentioned on page 376. Herbs, annual or perennial, subshrubs, or shrubs, usually hairy. Leaves alternate, opposite, or whorled, usually estipulate, sometimes stipulate

ephemeral, sometimes absent; sporangial capsules glabrous or occasionally hairy. x = 27, 29, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36. Nearly worldwide In the broadest sense

perennial, subshrubs, or shrubs [trees], sometimes rhizomatous, glabrous or hairy, with glandular canals, lacunae, or dots containing resins or waxes (amber)

page 216, 219. Herbs, annual, perennial, or sometimes biennial, hairy, hairs stellate, 4-rayed, and/or simple, or plants glabrous and glaucous. Stems erect

1–12 dm, monoecious. Stems much branched distally, usually coarsely stellate-hairy, rarely glabrescent. Leaves not clustered; stipules linear-subulate

usually densely to sparsely hirsute, stellate-hairy, or glabrescent, hairs 1–2 mm, distal stem usually more sparsely hairy to glabrate. Leaves basal and/or

sometimes spiny, alternate or opposite; pubescence silvery, sometimes stellate or glandular, often scurfy from inflated salt glands that senesce into

262. Herbs, annual or perennial, subshrubs, shrubs, or trees, glabrous or hairy. Stems erect, Inflorescences axillary, sometimes adnate to subtending petiole

acute to obtuse, sometimes 3-toothed, surfaces glabrous or hairy, hairs simple, branched, or stellate. Scapes usually several per rosette, elongating until

Mentioned on page 20, 348, 351. Shrubs, (10–) 30–60 dm, glabrous or stellate-hairy, mostly eglandular (except in inflorescence). Stems 5–20, ascending

annual, biennial, or perennial, subshrubs, or shrubs, glabrous or hairy, hairs stellate or simple. Stems erect, ascending, or trailing. Leaves: stipules

rounded to acute, abaxial surface pale green, stellate-hairy, adaxial surface darker green, sparsely stellate-hairy. Inflorescences bisexual, racemes, 1–3 cm

usually wider than long, base truncate or cordate, apex rounded, surfaces stellate-hairy. Inflorescences erect, infrequently ascending, usually spiciform, dense

Mentioned on page 218, 228, 286. Herbs, annual or perennial, usually hairy, hairs stellate or simple, not viscid. Stems erect to decumbent. Leaves: stipules

mm, shortly stellate-hairy; bract shorter than flower, proximalmost 5–7 mm, shortly stellate-hairy. Flowers: sepals 3.5–5 × 1–1.5 mm, stellate-pubescent;

abaxial surface pale green, densely whitish appressed stellate-hairy, adaxial surface darker green, less hairy. Inflorescences unisexual; staminate racemes or

monoecious or dioecious. Stems several from base, sparsely branched distally, stellate-hairy. Leaves sometimes clustered near inflorescences; stipules rudimentary;

wide as long, softly stellate-hairy. Flowers subsessile; calyx 5–7 mm, lobes stellate-hairy; petals subequal to calyx, claw hairy, glabrous otherwise;

age, base glabrous, coarsely stellate-hairy to long-bristly, or glabrate, hairs usually becoming appressed, simple or stellate. Leaves basal and cauline,

distally stellate-hairy also. Flowers: calyx 4–7 mm, lobes ovate, apex acuminate, setose, glandular and stellate-hairy; petals 4–6 mm, glabrous; staminal

or truncate, abaxial surface glabrate or densely and closely white stellate-hairy, adaxial surface glabrous, glabrate, or sparsely hirsutulous; secondary-veins

Pedicels 1–2 cm, usually stellate-hairy. Flowers 7–10 mm diam.; hypanthium cupshaped, 1.5–2 mm, glabrous or sparsely stellate-hairy; sepals pale green to

or decumbent, usually unbranched or relatively few-branched, hairy, hairs simple or stellate. Leaves petiolate; stipules caducous to subpersistent, filiform;

maplelike, base cordate, margins serrate to subentire, surfaces stellate and glandular-hairy. Inflorescences axillary, solitary flowers or terminal panicles;

page 267. Mentioned on page 215, 217. [Herbs] shrubs, hairy. Stems erect, stellate-tomentose or stellate-scabrous. Leaves petiolate to sessile distally; stipules

perennial, or subshrubs, hairy, hairs closely appressed or tufted, sometimes pustular-based, (2–) 4–10 [–12] -rayed, stellate, sometimes bilateral, infrequently

densely stellate-pilose-hairy; corolla rotate, white, pink, red, purple, or yellow, darker or paler basally, base densely white-pilose-hairy; staminal

217. Herbs or subshrubs, annual. Stems erect to decumbent, hispid or stellate-hairy to glabrescent. Leaves: stipules deciduous, inconspicuous, usually linear;

surfaces glabrous or tomentose abaxially, glabrous or with sparse, short-stellate hairs, especially when young, adaxially, venation pinnate. Inflorescences

lanceolate-ovate, 2–3 × 0.5–1 mm, hairy, hairs stellate. Pedicels absent. Flowers: calyx 3–5 × 3–4 mm, densely hairy, hairs minute, stellate and branched; corolla

Subshrubs, decumbent or erect, 0.2–0.5 (–0.9) m. Stems hairy, hairs simple and retrorse or simple and stellate. Leaves: petiole 0.4–1 (–1.5) cm; blades of proximal

Shrubs or trees; stolons absent. Stems erect or pendent, hairy when young, hairs usually stellate and glandular. Leaves persistent, semipersistent, or deciduous

Plants not clone-forming, 1–3 [–10] m, subglabrous to densely hairy. Stems stellate-hairy to glabrate (glabrous). Leaf-blades usually unlobed, sometimes

linearlanceolate, subulate, sometimes 2-fid or dentate, (2–) 5–8 mm, densely stellate-hairy; petioles 1–6 cm, reduced on distal leaves, usually shorter than blade;

erect, spreading, or decumbent, taprooted. Stems unarmed, hairy, hairs usually simple and/or stellate, sometimes also glandular. Leaves petiolate; stipules

5, 0.8–1 mm, abaxial surface stellate-hairy; petals 5, linear-oblong-lanceolate, 0.8–1 mm, abaxial surface stellate-hairy; stamens 7–12. Pistillate flowers:

parted, base subcordate or cordate, margins entire, surfaces glabrous or stellate-hairy, often with abaxial foliar nectaries. Inflorescences axillary, solitary

5, erect, triangular to broadly ovate, glabrous or abaxially short-hairy or stellate-pubescent; petals 5 [10 in some cultivars], valvate or imbricate, spreading

ovoid, oblate, cask-shaped, or cylindric, usually not indurate, variably hairy but not setose; mericarps 5–25, 1-celled follicle, adherent to adjacent mericarps

appearing brown-dotted, no stellate hairs with brown centers, densely stellate-hairy, adaxial surface greener, more sparsely hairy. Inflorescences bisexual

abaxial surface 1/3+ visible except sometimes in bud, surfaces hairy and/or scaled, midvein hairy or not, adaxial surface sometimes impressed; venation usually

subshrubs, [trees], taprooted. Stems erect, usually much-branched, hairy, hairs stellate or 1-rayed and apparently simple. Leaves petiolate; stipules subpersistent

dioecious. Stems green, grayish green, or yellowish green, hairy, hairs simple or stellate, white or yellow, becoming glabrate; internodes terete, 8–59

Association Shrubs, 2–10 dm, monoecious. Stems much branched distally, stellate-hairy. Leaves not clustered; stipules rudimentary or absent; petiole 0.4–1

branched proximally and/or distally, glabrous or hairy (hairs basifixed and/or medifixed, sometimes stellate). Leaves basal and/or cauline; alternate; petiolate

of North America Association Subshrubs, shrubs, or trees, not succulent, hairy, glabrescent. Leaves persistent, alternate (pseudoverticillate in A. japonica)

blade linear, 5–11 × 0.5–2 (–3.5) mm, surfaces stellate-pubescent to glabrate abaxially, sparsely stellate-pubescent to glabrate adaxially, lateral-veins

minutely stellate-hairy; involucellar bractlets connate. Flowers: calyx deeply divided, 1.5–2 cm, lobes not gland-dotted, densely stellate-hairy, with nectary

discolorous, 2–5 (–8) cm, apex acute, surfaces densely stellate-hairy abaxially, sparsely hairy adaxially, hairs simple. Pedicels capillary, often equaling

broadly ovate, 4–20 [–25] × 3–12 cm, surfaces sparsely to densely hairy with simple and stellate trichomes. Involucellar bractlets linear-spatulate. Flowers

green, 1–25 cm × 0.5–1 mm, at base sparsely set with brown, lanceolate, stellate-hairy scales. Blade usually 10–30 cm, pinnate in proximal half only or throughout

eglandular or stipitate-glandular, unbranched, rarely ± to much-branched or stellate. Leaves mostly deciduous, cauline, mostly alternate, reduced proximally

Plants 1–2 m; herbage sparsely to densely, sometimes velvety tawny, stellate-hairy, glandular. Leaf-blades ovate to subspheric, unlobed or acutely 3-lobed

dioecious. Stems green or olive green, grayish from pubescence, hairy, hairs stellate, becoming hirtellous to glabrate; internodes terete, 1.5–3.8 × 1–3

entire, apex acute, abaxial surface silvery, stellate-lepidote, adaxial surface green, sparsely stellate-hairy, hairs with few radii. Inflorescences bisexual

Mentioned on page 215, 216, 217, 218. Herbs, perennial. Stems prostrate, with stellate and lepidote pubescence, not viscid. Leaves alternate and distichous; stipules

moderately indurate, stellate-hairy; mericarps 12, 1-celled, divided internally by endoglossum; distal cell reduced, barren, smooth-walled, hairy, each valve armed

bracts. Flowers: calyx 2–3 mm, stellate-hairy; petals 3 mm, glabrous; staminal column purple, subequal to corolla, hairy; style exserted, pallid. Schizocarps

perennial. Stems 4–11 (–21), decumbent to weakly erect, 0.5–8 dm, hairy, hairs stellate, 4-rayed, and simple. Leaves: stipules persistent, ovate to ovatelanceolate

brownish-membranous at maturity, completely enclosing fruit, lobes unribbed, ovate, stellate-hairy; corolla white or rose; staminal column included; ovary 5 [–9] -carpellate;

unbranched or with ascending branches from base, 2–50 cm, densely hairy distally, hairs stellate, 1–3-armed, arms to 2 mm. Leaf-blades 3-cleft to beyond middle

216. Subshrubs or shrubs. Stems erect or rarely decumbent, setose or stellate-hairy, not viscid. Leaves: stipules persistent, linear to lanceolate; blade

Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants 0.4–1.5 m. Stems densely stellate-hairy, sometimes with longer, simple hairs 1.5 mm. Leaves: stipules 9–15 mm;

brown-dotted, no stellate hairs with brown centers, densely long stellate-hairy, adaxial surface darker green, less densely short stellate-hairy. Inflorescences

palmately lobed, base cuneate to rounded or cordate, surfaces hairy, hairs mostly stellate, (1–) 3–7-veined from base. Inflorescences flowers solitary,

or not, solid, base usually softly bristly-hirsute, hairs 1–2 mm, or stellate-hairy, sometimes glabrous. Leaves: stipules linear or lanceolate, 4–6 (–9)

teeth terminated by hairy tubercles not elsewhere on fruit (H. pauciflora) or hairy processes (H. texana), denser on valves, stellate-pubescent. Seeds 0–8

brown-dotted, no stellate hairs with brown centers, densely stellate-hairy, adaxial surface slightly darker green, sparsely stellate-hairy. Inflorescences

acuminate, abaxial surface pale green, densely stellate-hairy, adaxial surface darker green, sparsely stellate-hairy. Inflorescences bisexual, racemes, 1–2.5

North America Association Plants widely branched, 1–2 m. Stems slender, stellate-hairy, hairs often stipitate (especially on younger growth). Leaves distalmost

Fruits schizocarps, erect, not inflated, variable in shape, papery, stellate-hairy, apically dehiscent; mericarps 5, 1-celled, with abaxial keel and apical

Leaf-blades 12–18 (–25) × 5–7 (–9.5) cm, abaxial surface hairy, hairs simple, bifurcate, and stellate, midrib depressed distally. Pedicels 1–2 mm diam. at

without dark midrib, apex acute, minutely stellate-hairy; petals bright-yellow, 9–16 mm; staminal column stellate-hairy; style 10–12-branched; stigmas glabrous

appearing brown-dotted, no stellate hairs with brown centers, densely stellate-hairy, adaxial surface green, less densely stellate-hairy. Inflorescences bisexual

without dark midrib, apex acute, stellate-hairy; petals bluish lavender (darker at base), 4–7 mm; staminal column stellate-hairy; style 6–8-branched; stigmas

proximalmost averaging 4.5 mm, stellate-hairy; bract longer than flower, stellate-hairy. Flowers: sepals 3.5–5 × 1–1.5 mm, stellate-hairy; petals white, 6–8 (–8

shrubs [trees], erect, ascending, or decumbent; taprooted. Stems unarmed, hairy 3–7-veined from base. Inflorescences axillary or terminal, cymose, 1–11-flowered;

unlobed, base cordate, margins entire [crenate-dentate], surfaces usually stellate-hairy [sometimes glabrate]. Inflorescences terminal panicles or racemes; involucel

margins sometimes ± revolute, surfaces glabrescent or hairy, hairs usually simple, not stellate. Inflorescences solitary flowers. Pedicels present or absent;

sparsely whitish stellate-hairy and appearing brown-dotted, some hairs with dark-brown centers, adaxial surface darker green, densely stellate-hairy, hairs without

356. Mentioned on page 215, 217. Shrubs [subshrubs]. Stems erect, ± stellate-hairy, not viscid. Leaves spirally arranged, petiolate or subsessile; stipules

averaging 2.9 mm, hairy; bract shorter than flower, proximalmost 4–6 mm, stellate-hairy. Flowers: sepals 3.5–5 × 1–1.5 mm, stellate-hairy; petals white, 5–8

mm. Schizocarps 8–12 mm diam.; mericarps 9 or 10, 6–10 mm, sparsely stellate-hairy, lower cell reticulate, upper cell with 2 abortive ovules (rarely developing)

Plants perennial. Stems erect, green to gray-green, (3–) 6–20 dm, grayish stellate-hairy. Leaf-blades green to gray-green, linear to linearlanceolate or lanceolate

sparse to dense, erect to slightly retrorse, weak to stiff; glabrous or hairy, eglandular or stipitate-glandular, sometimes sessile-glandular, pruinose

page 387. Mentioned on page 386. Shrubs, 5–25 dm, hairy, hairs simple, sometimes clustered (stellate), glandular and eglandular. Leaves opposite, petiolate

(4–) 5, 1–2 mm, abaxial surface stellate-hairy; petals 5, linear-oblong-lanceolate, 1–1.5 mm, abaxial surface stellate-hairy; stamens 9–12. Pistillate flowers:

North America Association Shrubs, 0.5–1 m. Stems densely to sparsely stellate-hairy, hairs to 0.5 mm. Leaves: stipules subulate, 2–5 mm; petiole 1/2–1 times

surface whitish yellow, densely appressed stellate-hairy, adaxial surface green, glabrous or minutely stellate-puberulent. Inflorescences unisexual, racemes;

Shrubs, 5–8 dm, monoecious. Stems sparsely branched distally, sparsely stellate-hairy. Leaves not clustered; stipules linear, (0–) 1–2 mm, sometimes shor

pubescent and/or stellate, axillary buds ovoid to cylindric, bud-scales exposed, alternate, glabrous or pubescent or stipitate-stellate. Leaves deciduous

Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants 1 m. Stems minutely stellate-hairy. Leaves reduced distally; stipules 2–4 mm; petioles equaling blades

anthers not connivent > 3 3 Sepals keeled (at least on tubes), glabrous or stellate-hairy; corollas pink, rose, or purple; plants usually perennial, cushion-

malpighiaceous (appressed and attached by the middle), sometimes unbranched [stellate], rarely absent; latex absent. Leaves drought deciduous or persistent,

subshrubs or shrubs, [perennial]. Stems usually erect [prostrate], often stellate-hairy, sometimes glabrate, not [sometimes] viscid. Leaves: stipules usually

rounded, abaxial surface pale green to pale-yellow, stellate-tomentose, adaxial surface darker green, stellate-tomentose. Inflorescences unisexual; staminate

armed or unarmed, clonal or not. Stems densely pubescent with scales and stellate hairs or glabrate. Leaves deciduous or evergreen, alternate; petiolate;

224. Herbs, annual, 5–15 dm, dioecious. Stems much-branched distally, stellate-hairy. Leaves not clustered; stipules rudimentary; petiole 0.5–1.5 cm, glands

to 1 m. Stems erect, stellate-hairy, hairs 0.1–0.3 mm. Leaves: petiole subequal to blade proximally, shorter distally, with stellate hairs 0.1–0.3 mm; blade

apex acute to acuminate, abaxial surface pale green, sparsely whitish stellate-hairy, adaxial surface darker green, glabrate. Inflorescences bisexual or

Stems trichotomously branched, mostly densely, grayish white, long stellate-hairy. Leaves sometimes clustered near inflorescences; stipules absent; petiole

purplish margins. Pedicels 0.5–2.5 cm. Flowers: calyx 6–10 mm, minutely stellate-hairy and hirsute at base and along ribs. Mericarps blunt to spinose apically

serrate, surfaces hairy, hairs usually mixed: unicellular and multicellular, simple with some setiform and some glandular, branched, and stellate, often ± tangled

Heagy Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants 1.5–2 m. Stems stellate-tomentose and with simple hairs 1–1.5 mm. Leaves: stipules to 0.5 mm; petiole

Subshrubs [herbs, shrubs], prostrate to erect, taprooted. Stems unarmed, hairy, hairs stellate and/or simple, sometimes also glandular. Leaves petiolate; stipules

or ascending, rarely decumbent, wide-branched, glabrous or sparsely stellate-hairy distally. Leaves: stipules persistent, broadly lanceolate, 4–5 × 2–3

minutely stellate-hairy, hairs to 0.1 mm, glabrescent. Leaves: petiole commonly 1/4 length of blade (longer on juvenile leaves), minutely stellate-hairy, hairs

exceeding to 4 times tube length, apex acuminate, grayish to tawny-hairy, hairs stellate, arms to 3.5 mm and sometimes simple-glandular; petals rose-pink

abaxially, stellate-hairy adaxially. Inflorescences 2–5-flowered umbels, sometimes appearing compound terminally; peduncle 1–5 cm, stellate-hairy. Pedicels

acute or, especially on distal leaves, acuminate, surfaces simple or stellate-hairy (especially abaxially). Flowers: calyx lobes 1.5–2 mm, shorter than

286, 288. Herbs, subshrubs, or shrubs, perennial or annual [biennial], stellate-hairy or glabrate. Stems erect. Leaves: stipules early-deciduous, narrowly

margins remotely serrate to subentire, apex subacute, surfaces minutely stellate-hairy. Inflorescences solitary flowers or racemes. Pedicels to 8.5 cm. Flowers:

Association Subshrubs, to 2 m, herbage with appressed-stellate and simple hairs throughout. Stems: stellate hairs of younger stems dense, appressed, 4-armed

oblong-lanceolate, unlobed, base cordate, margins serrate, surfaces stellate-hairy. Inflorescences axillary, solitary flowers; involucel absent. Flowers:

calyx. Flowers bisexual; calyx 8–10 mm, stellate-hairy, often sparsely so, sometimes with coarser, longer, stellate hairs; petals pale-pink to pinkish lavender

serrate, apex obtuse or subacute, surfaces densely hairy, hairs appressed, sublepidote and stellate. Pedicels long, subequal to subtending petiole; involucellar

moderately stellate-hairy and with simple, forked, and/or fascicled hairs scattered and/or in tufts at some vein axils; attachments of the stellate hairs are

softly stellate-tomentose. Leaves: stipule somewhat persistent, linear, simple, 2–5 mm, white pilose-hairy; petiole 0.5–5 cm, stellate-hairy; blade orbiculate

erect, to 2 m. Stems densely stellate-hairy to glabrate, hairs simple, fasciculate, and/or stellate, sometimes minutely stellate, not appressed. Leaves: petiole

rooting to erect, roughly minutely or long-stellate-hairy, hairs spreading, usually on swollen bases, minutely hairy to glabrate distally. Leaves mostly cauline

Mentioned on page 215, 218. Herbs, perennial, subshrubs, or shrubs, stellate-hairy or glabrate. Stems erect. Leaves: stipules early-deciduous, subulate;

page 215, 218. Trees, evergreen. Stems erect; bark gray, smooth; twigs stellate-hairy and with peltate scales, glabrescent. Leaves: stipules deciduous, inconspicuous

acute. Pedicels 8–15 mm, densely stellate-hairy. Flowers 5–8 mm diam.; hypanthium campanulate, 1.5–2 mm, densely stellate-hairy; sepals triangular to ovate

sparsely to moderately stellate-hairy. Flowers 8–10 mm diam.; hypanthium cupshaped, 1.7–2 mm, sparsely to moderately stellate-hairy; sepals triangular to

rooting, solid, not brittle, sometimes ± glaucous distally, proximally stellate-hairy, glabrate, hairs minute or larger and coarse (never simple only), usually

flushed with purple-maroon, branched or unbranched, 2–40 cm, obscurely stellate-hairy. Leaf-blades 3-cleft or 5-cleft or lobed to ± 1/2 to base, 1–2.5 cm

Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants 1–2.5+ m, roughly stellate-hairy to hirsute. Leaves: stipules ovate, 8 mm, apically 3-lobed; petiole

abaxial surface paler, glabrous or more densely stellate-hairy, adaxial glabrous or sparsely stellate-hairy. Inflorescences 30–50-flowered, dense, hemispheric

outline, variously short-hairy, with prominent curved or hooked, simple hairs on sutures. Seeds brown, 2.5–2.8 mm, minutely hairy. 2n = 38 (Mexico, as K

perennial. Stems erect, unbranched below inflorescence, simple and/or stellate-hairy. Leaves: stipules persistent, broadly lanceolate; blade ± reniform to

as blade; blade 2–5 cm, apex obtuse to acute, surfaces coarsely hairy, hairs stellate abaxially, simple adaxially. Pedicels slender, 1–2 cm. Flowers: calyx

Pedicels 0.6–1.5 cm, densely stellate-hairy. Flowers 7 mm diam.; hypanthium cupshaped to campanulate, 1.5–3 mm, stellate-hairy; sepals pale green to white

surface stellate-hairy; petals 0; stamens 10–15. Pistillate flowers: sepals 5, equal, 2 mm, margins entire, apex incurved, abaxial surface stellate-lepidote;

on page 217. Herbs [shrubs], perennial. Stems trailing to ascending, stellate-hairy, not viscid. Leaves: stipules persistent, linear; blade oblong-ovate

base, margins entire or secondarily toothed-lobed, surfaces glabrous or stellate-hairy, glandular. Inflorescences terminal on long-shoots of season, 20–400-flowered

minutely stellate-hairy, hairs 0.3–0.4 mm, sometimes also with staminal column hairy; style 8-branched. Schizocarps oblate, 5–6 mm diam., apically hairy; mericarps

Pedicels 1–2 cm, usually stellate-hairy. Flowers 10–12 mm diam.; hypanthium cupshaped, 2 mm, moderately to densely stellate-hairy; sepals pale green to white

(usually without thorns except Atamisquea); glabrous or puberulent with stellate trichomes or lepidote scales (producing glucosinolates). Stems erect or

Subshrubs, decumbent, 0.1–0.2 (–0.3) m. Stems hairy, hairs simple and retrorse, or simple, fasciculate, and stellate. Leaves: petiole 0.5–1 cm; blades of proximal

207, 209, 213, 223. Shrubs, 3–8 dm, monoecious. Stems much branched, stellate-hairy, viscid. Leaves not clustered; stipules 2–5 stipitate-glands, to 0.5

margins serrate, stellate-hairy (not ciliate), apex acute to rounded, 3 (–5) -veined from base, surfaces minutely, densely stellate-hairy. Cymes axillary

surface with scattered, stellate-pubescence. Pedicels with white, stellate hairs of various lengths. Flowers: calyx with white, stellate hairs of various lengths

minutely, densely stellate-hairy. Seeds reddish-brown, reniform-ovoid, laterally flattened, 4–5 mm, glabrous laterally, long-hairy dorsally, hairs straight

vines], evergreen [deciduous]; lepidote (scales peltate) and/or hairy (trichomes stellate). Stems erect. Leaves: alternate; petiole relatively long or short

wide, slightly longer than tube, apex acute to short-acuminate, densely stellate-hairy, hairs usually 10–30-armed, arms 0.2–1.5 mm; petals pale-pink to mauve

inflated], latiseptate; valves each not veined or with obscure midvein, stellate-hairy [glabrous]; replum rounded; septum complete, (membranous); ovules 4–16

surpassing stamens, stigma 0.5–0.6 mm. Capsules 10–12 × 3–4 mm, hairy, hairs stellate and glandular. Seeds 2–2.5 × 0.4–0.7 mm. 2n = 38. Phenology: Flowering

apex acute to acuminate, variously antrorsely hispid, more minutely stellate-hairy. Seeds reddish-brown to dark-brown, sometimes with raised, pale concentric

204. Subshrubs, erect or decumbent, (0.1–) 0.5–0.8 (–1) m. Stems hairy, hairs stellate, arms appressed. Leaves: petiole 0.5 (–0.8) cm; blades of proximal

surface pale green to cream, adaxial surface darker green, both densely stellate-hairy. Inflorescences bisexual or staminate, racemes, 1–3 cm, staminate flowers

connate; stigmas 5. Follicles woody, outsides glabrous, insides stellate-hairy. Seeds hairy. x = 20. Introduced; Calif., Pacific Islands (Papua New Guinea)

biennial, erect, then arching, usually moderately, rarely sparsely, hairy hairs stellate, eglandular, strongly pruinose; prickles absent or sparse to dense

Linny Heagy Copyright: Flora of North America Association Shrubs, 1–4 m, stellate-hairy to glabrate. Stems erect to decumbent, base woody. Leaves: stipules

surface light green, glabrous or glabrate, adaxial dark green, sparsely stellate-pubescent. Inflorescences usually racemes or narrow panicles, open, (2–)

forming loose, prostrate circular mats 5–80 cm across, proximally bristly stellate-hairy, central radii spreading, 2–3 mm. Leaves mostly clustered near inflorescences;

3–25 per corymb, cleistogamous 0. Pedicels 1–4 (–6) mm, stellate-pubescent and densely glandular-hairy; bracts 3–10 × 0.5–1.5 mm. Chasmogamous flowers: outer

sessile-glandular (often sparsely stellate-eglandular-hairy abaxially). Inflorescences erect or arching, 4–8-flowered, bracteate, 2–5 cm, hairy and stipitate-glandular;

crenate-dentate, apex broadly obtuse to long-acuminate, surfaces variably stellate-hairy, sometimes minutely so, nectary absent. Inflorescences solitary flowers

pinnately-veined, 5–10 cm, somewhat thick and leathery, apex blunt, densely felty stellate-hairy abaxially, peltate scales also present. Inflorescences 1+ per branch

straw-colored, 5–18 (–25) cm × 1–3 mm, at base with brown, lanceolate, stellate-hairy scales. Blade 15–40 (–55) × 5–10 cm, proximal 2–5 (–10) pairs of pinnae

or 7-lobed, 5–11 (–20) cm, thick, surfaces: adaxial tawny and densely stellate-hairy (velvety to scabrous-tomentose), basal lobes overlapping. Inflorescences

Treatment on page 215. Mentioned on page 216. Plants 1–2 dm. Stems densely stellate-hairy, hairs appressed, radii equal. Leaves: petiole apical glands sessile

Treatment on page 216. Mentioned on page 215. Plants 1–2 dm. Stems stellate-hairy, hairs appressed, radii equal. Leaves: petiole apical glands stipitate

adaxial surface with scattered, stellate hairs. Pedicels white stellate-lanate. Flowers: calyx with thick layer of white stellate-lanate hairs, margins and teeth

401, 402. Subshrubs. Stems erect, 35–80 cm, usually stellate-pannose, sometimes sparsely stellate-pubescent. Leaves cauline, tending to persist in summer;

densely short stellate-hairy. Flowers horizontal; calyx divided 1/3 length, campanulate, 3–4.5 cm, somewhat larger in fruit, more densely hairy basally, lobes

Copyright: Flora of North America Association Stems 0.5–2 m; herbage sparsely stellate-hairy. Leaf-blades deeply (3-), 5-lobed, or 7-lobed, 5–20 cm wide, lobes triangular-ovate

perennial, usually less than 0.5 m, freely branching from base. Stems erect, stellate-puberulent. Leaves: stipules free from petiole, 1-veined, linear to falcate

Mentioned on page 250. Plants 1–2 m, usually widely branching. Stems terete, stellate-hairy. Leaves: stipules subulate to falcate, 5–15 (–20) mm; petiole terete

densely hairy, hairs branched and stellate. Inflorescences 1–2-flowered, ebracteate or bracteate; bracts 1–3, subulate, 2–3 × 0.5 mm, hairy, hairs simple

perennial. Stems 1 (–6), stiffly erect, 3.2–10 dm, densely hairy, hairs 6–8-rayed, stellate. Leaves: stipules persistent, linearlanceolate, 5.8–8.5 mm;

Stems 1–9, weakly erect, ascending, or decumbent, 4.8–14 dm, hairy, hairs 4-rayed, stellate, and often simple, spreading or retrorse, sometimes glabrate

(–35), decumbent, ascending, or weakly erect, 4.5–5 dm, densely hairy, hairs stellate, 4 (–6) -rayed. Leaves: stipules persistent, ovate to lanceolate

231. Plants 1–1.5 m; herbage densely, closely tawny-yellowish, roughly stellate-hairy, not glandular. Leaf-blades ovate to transversely ovate, unlobed or

glabrous or rarely stellate-hairy on younger parts, without line of minute, curved length 1/2–1 times petioles, glabrate or finely hairy; involucellar bractlets

from base, margins sometimes revolute, surfaces hairy [glabrous], hairs sometimes clustered (stellate). Inflorescences racemiform [helicoid, scorpioid]

lanceolate, middle lobe longest, margins deeply dentate to serrate, surfaces stellate-hairy, blades of upper leaves similar but narrower, 3–5-palmately lobed or

obtuse, surfaces densely hairy, hairs minute, branched and stellate. Scapes 10–70 mm, elongating little in fruit, densely stellate-pubescent. Inflorescences

Mentioned on page 204. Shrubs, erect, to 1.5 m. Stems hairy to glabrate, hairs minutely stellate, ± appressed. Leaves: petiole to 2.5 (–4) cm; blade ovate

on page 216. Mentioned on page 215. Plants 2–12 dm. Stems moderately stellate-hairy, hairs appressed, radii equal. Leaves: petiole apical glands sessile

surfaces glabrous. Scapes 2–7 mm, elongating little in fruit, minutely hairy, hairs stellate and branched. Inflorescences 2–10-flowered, bracteate; bracts 3–8

decumbent to ascending, 0.1–0.4 m. Stems hairy, hairs mostly simple, often retrorse, sometimes also fasciculate and/or stellate. Leaves: petiole (0.1–) 0.2–0.5

as long as wide, 2–3 times tube length, apex long-acuminate, densely stellate-hairy, hairs many-armed; petals pink, to 2 cm. Mericarps 2–3.2 mm. 2n = 34

erect to weakly erect, 0.5–10 (–12) dm, glabrous or sparingly hairy, hairs 4-rayed, stellate, somewhat glaucous. Leaves: stipules persistent, strongly auriculate

tips of rhizomes. Twigs maroon to dark-brown, densely hairy proximally, becoming sparsely hairy distally, lenticels round to elliptic, pith cream; bark

thin or thick, surfaces: sparsely to densely grayish to tawny-short-stellate-hairy, basal sinus open, not overlapping. Inflorescences interrupted, spicate

tinted or scarious, 4–12 mm, silky strigose-bristly at base and on veins, stellate-puberulent; petals usually pale-purple or pink, rarely white, base pale

perennial. Stems 2–8 (–28), weakly erect or ascending, 1.5–8.5 dm, hairy, hairs 4-rayed, stellate. Leaves: stipules persistent or tardily deciduous, lanceolate

calyces, apex apiculate, coarsely stellate-hairy. Seeds brown, angulately reniform-ovoid, 2–2.6 mm, pale silky-hairy ± throughout. 2n = 22 (Jamaica). Phenology:

sometimes appearing subshrublike, perennial, usually 1.5–2 m. Stems short stellate-tomentose. Leaves reduced distally; stipules linear to oblanceolate, 6

plants gynodioecious; calyx 5–10 mm, enlarging in fruit, hairy, hairs scattered, minute, stellate and sometimes capitate, glandular; petals pink to pink-purple

and on sutures. Seeds dark-brown, angulately reniform-ovoid, 3–4 mm, stellate-hairy throughout. 2n = 22 (Mexico: Nuevo León). Phenology: Flowering year-round

throughout with mixture of coarse, simple or few-armed stellate hairs and fine, many-armed stellate hairs. Stems also with line of fine, curved hairs extending

page 272. Mentioned on page 269, 270. Stems 0.3–1.2 m; herbage harshly stellate-hairy. Leaf-blades shallowly and crenately 3-lobed or deeply 3-lobed or 5-lobed

cylindric, repeatedly branched, branches 2–20, 1–4 mm thick, and the whole ± stellate structure sometimes reaching 20 mm. Very scattered and local in tropics

scattered, multicellular stipitate-glandular-hairy and eglandular-hairy (hairs unbranched), also unicellular-hairy, glabrate in age. Leaves deciduous; petiole

weakly erect, ascending, or decumbent, 3–10 dm, glabrate or hairy, hairs 4-rayed, stellate, or scattered, simple. Leaves: stipules persistent, oblong,

tufted, glabrous or scattered glandular-hairy. Stems erect or ascending, simple or much-branched, (glandular-hairy), not bearing rosettes. Leaves alternate

Volume 6. Treatment on page 229. Mentioned on page 228. Plants 1.5–2.5 m, stellate-hairy. Leaves: stipules ovate, 6–11 mm, apically 2–4-lobed; petiole equaling

length, stellate-hairy; blade 2–8 × 2–8 cm, base cordate to somewhat truncate, those most distal sometimes wide-cuneate, surfaces stellate-hairy, proximal

FNA Volume 6. Treatment on page 266. Subshrubs or shrubs, to 4 m, herbage stellate-tomentose throughout. Stems sparingly armed with ± stout prickles. Leaves:

erect, usually branched distally, solid, both short-stellate-puberulent and long soft bristly-hairy, hairs erect. Leaves basal, early-deciduous, and cauline;

and sparingly stellate or simple-hairy. Leaves: stipules linear to lanceolate, 8–16 mm; petiole usually to 1/3 blade, adaxial groove hairy with minute,

base rounded or truncate, margins crenate or serrate, surfaces usually hairy. Inflorescences axillary [or terminal], headlike racemes, subtended by prominently

margins dentate to serrate, apex acute, surfaces sparsely hairy, hairs bilateral, 2–4-rayed, stellate or with simple hairs on adaxial surface. Inflorescences

distal portion of stems, stellate-hairy to glabrate; blade suborbiculate, 4–10 × 4–10 cm, base cordate, surfaces sparsely stellate-hairy, 3–4 mm, equaling to

sometimes to 1 m, sparsely hairy, hairs usually simple and stellate. Stems trailing to ascending, hairs usually both simple and stellate. Leaves: stipules persistent

entire, apex acute or obtuse, surfaces stellate-hairy. Flowers: calyx 3–4 mm, not much enlarged in fruit, densely stellate-canescent; petals rose to lavender

petioles, minutely hairy distal to joint; involucellar bractlets 8–10, linear-subulate, 1.8–2.2 cm, margins inconspicuously ciliate, simple-hairy. Flowers ± horizontal;

surfaces densely hairy, often glabrescent, hairs forked and branched. Scapes 1–3 mm in early anthesis, to 2 cm in fruit, densely hairy, hairs branched and

270. Mentioned on page 271. Stems 1–2.5 m; herbage densely to sparsely stellate-hairy. Leaf-blades (3-), 5-lobed, or 7-lobed, 6–20 cm wide, lobes broadly-triangular-ovate

318. Mentioned on page 312. Subshrubs, to 1 m. Stems erect, sparsely stellate-hairy, hairs to 0.5 mm. Leaves: stipules free from petiole, 1-veined, linear

obscurely 10-ribbed basally, 6–8 mm, stellate-hairy, lobes triangular; petals pale orange, 12 mm; staminal column minutely hairy; style 8–10-branched. Schizocarps

Subshrubs, to 1 m, herbage sparsely simple and stellate-hairy throughout, few to many-armed stellate hairs 2–3-dimensionally radiate. Stems also with

subcordate, 3–5 (–7) × 1–3 (–4) cm, margins plane, surfaces sparsely silvery stellate-hairy abaxially with interspersed rust-brown scales, glabrate and green adaxially

Treatment on page 216. Mentioned on page 215. Plants 1–2 dm. Stems sparsely stellate-hairy, hairs appressed, radii equal, central radius lacking. Leaves: petiole

Mentioned on page 312. Herbs, perennial, 1–2 m. Stems erect, minutely stellate-hairy to glabrescent. Leaves: stipules free from pedicel, filiform to linear

287. Herbs, annual, 0.5–2.5 m, glabrous or hairy, hairs usually stellate. Stems erect, usually stellate-hairy. Leaves: stipules persistent, ovate-triangular

unribbed, not angulate, 4–5 mm, minutely stellate-hairy, lobes wide-triangular; petals white, 8–10 mm; staminal column hairy; style 8-branched. Schizocarps subconic

acuminate, variously invested with both minute, stellate hairs and hispid with much larger, simple or stellate, pustular-based hairs, latter often largely

surfaces: abaxial moderately hairy with mix of stellate hairs (laminae) and simple hairs (veins), adaxial sparingly simple-hairy, 5-veined from base. Inflorescences

and obscurely stellate-hairy. Leaves: stipules minute; petiole 1–1.5 (–2) cm, to 1/3 times blade length, minutely and obscurely stellate-hairy; blade discolorous

glabrous, occasionally puberulent on outer scales, not subtended by persistent, hairy, subulate stipules. Leaves: petiole 2-5 mm. Leaf-blade usually strongly bicolored

acuminate, abaxial surface light green, densely ochraceous stellate-hispid when young, pale stellate-hairy when mature, adaxial surface darker green, glabrous

usually long bristly-hirsute, hairs simple or few stellate, rarely glabrous, distally stellate-hairy. Leaves mostly cauline (on reproductive stems), basal

spreading, simple, sometimes stellate-hairy distally. Stems erect to ascending, sparsely hirsute proximally, stellate-hairy distally. Leaves: stipules persistent

5 (–3) m, hairy to glabrate, hairs simple and stellate. Stems erect or ascending, glabrous or sparsely hairy, hairs both simple and stellate. Leaves: stipules

Shrubs, 1–4 m, sometimes supported on other vegetation. Stems minutely stellate-hairy. Leaves: stipules early-deciduous, obscure; petiole to 1/2 length of

Scopoli (leaf blades ovate to orbiculate, 7–10 cm, abaxially sparsely stellate-hairy and with tufts of hairs at vein axils; fruits notably 3–5-ribbed; European)

252, 253, 254, 255, 258. Subshrubs, to 0.8 m, herbage densely ± yellowish stellate-tomentose throughout. Stems: older twigs yellowish-brown, glabrescent,

calyx ribbed, 7–10 mm, obscurely stellate-hairy, lobes triangular; petals yellow, 12–17 mm; staminal column sparsely hairy; style 8–10-branched. Schizocarps

usually sparsely stellate-hairy and with simple hairs. Stems usually prostrate to ascending, sometimes trailing, sparsely stellate-hairy with simple hairs

base cordate, apex rounded, surfaces stellate-hairy abaxially, moderately minutely stellate-hairy to appressed-hairy adaxially, basal leaves usually shallowly

annual or perennial, 0.2–1 m, rarely taller. Stems erect, minutely stellate-hairy, hairs to 0.5 mm. Leaves: stipules free from petiole, 1-veined, subulate

or perennial, rarely subshrubs, not viviparous, 0.2–10 dm, glabrous or hairy. Stems erect, ascending, procumbent, or creeping, usually much-branched,

6–7 mm, densely stellate-tomentose, lobes ovate; petals yellow-orange, often with darker reddish base, 8–11 mm; staminal column hairy; style 8–14-branched

closely white stellate-hairy, without intermixed simple, erect hairs, adaxial surface moderately to densely hirsutulous and sparsely stellate-hairy; veins prominent

× 10–15 cm, smaller distally, surfaces scabrid-hairy, hairs dense, simple or stellate, stiff, stellate hairs mostly on adaxial surfaces, proximal blades

Treatment on page 271. Mentioned on page 270. Stems 1–1.5 m; herbage stellate-hairy. Leaf-blades 5-lobed or 7-lobed, 5–10 cm wide, terminal lobe triangular

Mentioned on page 269. Stems 1–2 m; herbage harshly and moderately stellate-hairy. Leaf-blades deeply (3-), 5-lobed, or 7-lobed, 8–20 cm wide, lobes broadest

early anthesis, elongating to 1–10 cm in fruit, densely hairy at apex, hairs branched and stellate. Inflorescences 1–2-flowered, usually bracteate, sometimes

not rugose, base cuneate to truncate, margins coarsely toothed, surfaces stellate-pubescent. Inflorescences narrowly paniculate, crowded, few–many-flowered

straw-colored, to 60 cm × 2–5 mm, at base sparsely set with brown, lanceolate, stellate-hairy scales. Blade 30–45 (–55) × 15–25 cm, broadest at base, with apical

sometimes appearing dioecious. Stems trichotomously branching, stellate-hairy to stellate-lepidote. Leaves not clustered; stipules absent; petiole 1–4 cm

margins serrate-crenate or dentate to base, apex acute, surfaces sparsely stellate-hairy. Inflorescences axillary solitary flowers and 2–4-flowered fascicles

solid, often glaucous proximally, base sparsely, finely to coarsely stellate-hairy or hispid, hairs smaller distally. Leaves 2–5 per stem, mostly basal;

4) m, with taproot and caudex. Stems erect, usually reddish, sparsely stellate-hairy, distally with hairs tufted, not appressed, 0.5–1.2 mm. Leaves: stipules

Plants to 3 m, herbage variously pubescent, mostly sparsely to densely stellate-hairy to glabrate. Stems sparingly to freely branched. Leaves: stipules 2

erect to decumbent, simple or branched at base, coarsely hairy, hairs simple, rigid, stellate, pustulate-based. Leaves: stipules persistent, lanceolate

Shrubs, 1–2 m, branches slender, indument tawny, sparse to moderately dense, stellate hairs sessile or subsessile, usually overlain by 1–2–few-armed, bristly

erect to ascending, usually maroon, glabrous or stellate-canescent, hairs scattered, tufted, stellate and simple. Leaves: stipules often purplish, ovate

or reclining, freely rooting proximally, solid, proximally densely stellate-hairy, hairs long, soft, tangled, often 1.5 mm, distally hirsute to subglabrous

surfaces: abaxial stellate-hairy, hairs 6-rayed, 1.5 mm, adaxial hairy, hairs simple, 1.5 mm, distalmost glabrate adaxially and sometimes simple-hairy. Inflorescences

Treatment on page 301. Stems prostrate, trailing, densely hairy with mixture of intergrading stellate and silvery-lepidote hairs. Leaves: petiole 1/2–2 times

reclining, with simple 1.5–3 mm hairs mixed with shorter stellate hairs, rarely only stellate-hairy. Leaves: stipules free from petiole, 1-veined, subulate

Schizocarps 5–6 mm diam.; mericarps 5–9, 2.5 mm, glabrous or sparsely stellate-hairy, margins rounded, back ridged, sides smooth or with slight corrugations near

in fruit, surface hairy, hairs sparse, tufted, stellate, 2–6-rayed, and few, simple, marginal hairs mixed with minute, dense, stellate, 5–8-rayed hairs;

sometimes proximally hollow, base glabrous or sparsely hairy, hairs minute, simple or stellate, more densely scabrous distally. Leaves basal and cauline

single, erect, sometimes branched distally, solid, short-stellate-puberulent and long, soft bristly-hairy, distally with multicellular trichomes intermixed,

subshrubs, perennial, branches distichous, 1 m. Stems erect, minutely stellate-hairy. Leaves distichous; stipules free from petiole, 1–3 (–5) -veined, broadly

often rooting, short-hirsute and/or stellate-hairy or glabrous proximally, usually more sparsely, softly stellate-hairy distally. Leaves basal and cauline

decumbent or prostrate, not rooting, solid, sparsely to densely appressed stellate-hairy. Leaves mostly basal, persistent, to 10+; stipules linearlanceolate

with small, erect, branched caudex and taproot. Stems erect, green, stellate-hairy, hairs appressed, moderately dense, uniform, 0.2–0.5 mm. Leaves: stipules

margins dentate apically, entire basally, apex acute or obtuse, surfaces stellate-hairy abaxially, glabrous adaxially. Inflorescences terminal, subsessile,

or ascending, base decumbent, freely rooting, softly bristly-hairy proximally, stellate-hairy distally, usually not densely so. Leaves mostly basal, some

Treatment on page 216. Mentioned on page 215. Plants 1–2 dm. Stems densely stellate-hairy, hairs spreading, radii unequal, central radius prominent. Leaves: petiole

dissected with linear segments, surfaces densely hirtellous and stellate-hairy abaxially, less hairy with mostly simple hairs adaxially. Inflorescences erect

Treatment on page 317. Mentioned on page 312, 314. Subshrubs, 1 m. Stems erect, stellate-puberulent, hairs to 0.1 mm. Leaves: stipules free from petiole, 1-veined

margins ciliate, hairs 1–2 mm, surfaces finely stellate-hairy at base and with coarser, longer, simple and stellate hairs apically; petals usually pale-pink

to base, often glaucous, proximally densely retrorsely bristly-hairy and stellate-hairy, hairs pustulate, 1.5–2.5 mm, distally sometimes glabrous. Leaves

and hollow proximally, usually proximally ± scabrous, hairs stellate and distally stellate-hairy, sometimes glabrous. Leaves mostly cauline; stipules persistent

crowded in older plants, erect to ascending, usually reddish, grayish stellate-hairy, hairs coarse, longest 1.5 mm. Leaves: stipules wide-lanceolate to ovate

Leaves well developed. > 3 3 Basal phyllotaxy median. > 4 4 Stems densely stellate-hairy; plants dioecious; Arizona, New Mexico, Texas. Phoradendron capitellatum

densely to moderately bristly-hirsute, hairs often pustulose to sparsely stellate-hairy, sometimes glabrous, distally usually minutely puberulent or glabrous

to erect, usually rooting freely, solid, proximally hairy or glabrate, hairs soft, simple and stellate, distally brittle, easily broken, glabrous-glaucous

finely stellate-hairy, often sparsely so; petals white to very pale-pink, pistillate 6 mm, bisexual 10–11 mm; staminal column 5–6 mm, minutely hairy; anthers

often on swollen pads, rarely subglabrous, base without stellate hairs, distally somewhat stellate-puberulent. Leaves basal and cauline; stipules on prostrate

as 30 cm in diameter, its generally stellate-hairy to glabrescent stem bases, its generally uniformly stellate-hairy calyces, its somewhat reticulate-roughened

Mentioned on page 311. Herbs, perennial, 0.3–0.6 (–1) m. Stems procumbent, stellate-hairy, hairs multirayed, usually also with simple 1–2 mm hairs. Leaves distributed

Herbs, annual or biennial, 0.2–0.6 m, sparsely to densely hairy, hairs both simple and stellate. Stems procumbent or trailing to ascending, villous-hirsute

unbranched, solid or somewhat hollow in age, proximally densely, finely stellate-hairy, hairs spreading, distally glaucous, glabrous. Leaves cauline, mostly

Gray Smithsonian Contr. Knowl. 3(5): 16. 1852. Steven R. Hill Common names: Hairy checkerbloom Endemic Treatment appears in FNA Volume 6. Treatment on page

auriculate at base, 11–12 mm, to 13–17 mm in fruit, surface hairy, hairs scattered, appressed, stellate-lepidote; corolla widespreading, golden yellow to pale

moderately hirsute, hairs retrorse, simple proximally, becoming ± finely stellate-hairy distally. Leaves basal and mostly cauline, not evenly arrayed; stipules

5–9 dm, essentially glabrous, but often with trace of simple or 4-rayed stellate hairs, glaucous. Leaves: stipules persistent, linearlanceolate to subulate

Rydberg Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 24: 191. 1897. Sergei L. Mosyakin Common names: Hairy bugseed IllustratedEndemic Synonyms: Corispermum emarginatum Rydberg Corispermum

branches stout or slender, indument white, sparsely to densely woolly, stellate hairs stalked, 20–30-armed, glandular-hairs often abundant. Leaf-blades

scaly. Twigs tan-brown, becoming reddish gray, 1-1.5 mm diam., glabrate or hairy. Buds tan or brown, subglobose, 1-1.5 mm, glabrate or scales inconspicuously

inflorescence, to 2 m. Stems slender, minutely puberulent (and with stipitate stellate hairs, especially at distal ends of petioles). Leaves distalmost subsessile;

Stems erect or ascending, base decumbent, usually rooting, usually stellate-hairy and/or spreading-bristly to glabrate, hairs to 2 mm. Leaves basal and

3–1 m. Stems erect, with simple 1–2 mm hairs, sometimes also minutely stellate-hairy. Leaves distichous; stipules free from petiole, subfalcate, 4–10 × 0

rounded to cuneate, margins sparsely serrate-dentate, apex acute, surfaces stellate-hairy, hairs scattered, appressed, (2–) 4–6 (–8) -rayed, reduced to simple

to 7–11 mm in fruit, surface moderately hairy, hairs simple, 2–4-rayed, mixed with scattered, 4–6-rayed, stellate, minute hairs; corolla campanulate to widespreading

rhizomelike. Stems 1–3, clustered, erect, solid, proximally hairy, hairs a mix of soft, appressed, stellate and/or longer, bristlelike, 2 mm, distally sparsely

silvery abaxially, also with scattered, brown scales, glabrous or sparsely stellate-hairy, green adaxially. Flowers solitary or paired; hypanthium broadly flared

serrulate, flat, apex acute, abaxial surface densely and closely white stellate-hairy, without intermixed simple, erect hairs, adaxial surface glabrous; veins

margins usually purplish. Pedicels 0.5–4 cm. Flowers: calyx 6–9 mm, stellate-hairy basally. Mericarps spinose apically, spines 0.2–0.7 mm. Phenology: Flowering

appears in FNA Volume 6. Treatment on page 306. Subshrubs, 0.5 m. Stems stellate-hairy, hairs 0.1 mm. Leaves: stipules subulate, 2 mm; petiole to 1/3 length

gynodioecious; calyx 6–8 mm, stellate-puberulent, not bristly; petals bright pink, 8–12 mm; staminal column 4–6 mm, hairy; anthers white; stigmas 7–9.

but pendulous with age, 3–6 dm, dioecious. Stems green, densely hairy, hairs stellate, fine, white; internodes terete, 5–15 × 1–2 mm. Leaves green, well

8–10 mm, stellate-puberulent, hairs longest at margins; petals pale lavender, sometimes lightly pale-veined, 16–17 mm; staminal column 6–7 mm, hairy; anthers

branched, often zigzag, solid, proximally usually glabrous or sparsely stellate-puberulent. Leaves cauline; stipules deciduous or inconspicuous, sometimes

accrescent, finely stellate-puberulent, sparsely, if at all, bristly; petals dark rose-pink to pink-lavender, 10–15 mm; staminal column 4–6 mm, hairy; anthers white;

lobes usually apically 3-toothed or distalmost entire, surfaces hairy, more densely stellate-puberulent adaxially, hairs usually 2–4-rayed (simple), bristly

densely bristly, sometimes also stellate-hairy; petals pink, usually pale-veined, 15 mm; staminal column 4–6 mm, hairy; anthers white; stigmas 7 or 8.

rooting, usually coarsely, densely, softly bristly-tomentose or long stellate-hairy, basal hairs 1–2 mm. Leaves basal and cauline; stipules proximal sometimes

usually 3-toothed to 3-lobed, surfaces coarsely, sparsely stellate-hairy abaxially, hirsute and stellate-puberulent adaxially, distalmost not much reduced, palmately

truncate or cuneate, margins dentate to denticulate, apex acute, surfaces stellate-hairy, hairs (5–) 6–12-rayed. Inflorescences: first 1 or 2 flowers solitary

acuminate to acute, abaxial surface sparsely to moderately densely white stellate-hairy, with intermixed longer, simple, erect hairs at least along veins, adaxial

revolute, apex acute to rounded, abaxial surface densely and closely white stellate-hairy, usually with simple, erect hairs at least along veins (sometimes relatively

(–10) × 0.5–1.5 cm, length 3–8 times width, surfaces silvery and densely stellate-hairy. Flowers solitary or 2 or 3 in clusters; hypanthium funnelform, 3.5–6

page 278. Subshrubs or shrubs, usually 1–2 m. Stems woody at base, bristly-hairy, young stems tomentose, infrequently glabrescent. Leaves reduced distally;

campanulate, 1–1.5 cm, enlarging in fruit, ± enclosing fruit, sparsely short stellate-hairy, lobes triangular to narrowly ovate, apex acute to acuminate; corolla

decumbent or prostrate to ascending, base often rooting, glabrous or short stellate-hairy or sparsely bristly. Leaves mostly cauline; stipules purplish, oblong

obpyriform, becoming 3-lobed after anthesis, papillose with ascending, stellate glandular-hairs, ovules 2–4 per locule, horizontal; style 1.4–2.3 cm, glabrous;

adaxially dark or bluish green, moderately lustrous, sparsely and minutely stellate-pubescent, secondary-veins slightly raised or prominent within depressions

calyx. Pedicels 1–2 mm. Flowers bisexual; calyx 8–10 mm, to 13 mm in fruit, stellate-puberulent, conspicuously bristly-tomentose especially on base, hairs 1

bear both simple and stellate hairs, reporting only simple hairs on the leaves of closely related P. hirsutus. However, stellate hairs occur in the leaf

ovate-elliptic, equal, 2–4 × 1–1.5 mm, apex obtuse, (glandular-hairy); petals stellately spreading, distinct, pink-red with darker midvein area abaxially

page 184, 185, 224. Herbs. Stems ascending to erect, 30–80 cm, retrorsely hairy and sparsely to densely glandular-villous, not glaucous. Leaves basal and

filiform, short-creeping stems, circinate; sporangia numerous in globose, hairy sporocarps attached by stalk 1-2 mm at bases of leaves. Marsileaceae 3 Plants

abaxial leaf lamellae and/or teeth present. Oligotrichum 18 Calyptrae densely hairy. > 20 20 Capsules present. > 21 21 Capsules sharply 4-angled. Polytrichum