Croton lindheimeri

(Engelmann & A. Gray) Alph. Wood

Class-book Bot. ed. s.n.(b), 631. 1861.

Common names: Goatweed woolly croton
IllustratedEndemic
Basionym: Pilinophytum lindheimeri Engelmann & A. Gray Boston J. Nat. Hist. 5: 232. 1845
Synonyms: Croton capitatus var. lindheimeri (Engelmann & A. Gray) Müller Arg.
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 12. Treatment on page 218. Mentioned on page 209, 213, 217.

Herbs, annual, 5–20 dm, monoecious, stems, leaves, and buds with yellowbrown (ochraceous) pubescence when young, becoming glabrate. Stems branching distally, stellate-hairy. Leaves not clustered; stipules linear, 0–5 mm; petiole 1.5–7 cm, glands absent at apex; blade ovatelanceolate, 3–7 × 1–3 cm, base cordate to rounded or subcordate, margins entire, apex acute, abaxial surface pale green, not appearing brown-dotted, no stellate hairs with brown centers, densely stellate-hairy, adaxial surface greener, more sparsely hairy. Inflorescences bisexual, racemes, 1.5–3 cm, staminate flowers 8–15, pistillate flowers 2–7. Pedicels: staminate 0.5–3 mm, pistillate 0–1 mm. Staminate flowers: sepals (4–) 5, 1.5–2 mm, abaxial surface stellate-hairy; petals 5, linear-oblong, 1–1.5 mm, abaxial surface stellate-hairy; stamens 9–13. Pistillate flowers: sepals 7–8, equal, 5–7 mm, margins entire, apex straight to slightly incurved, abaxial surface yellowish woolly-tomentose; petals 0; ovary 3-locular; styles 3, 3–4 mm, 2 times 2-fid, terminal segments 12. Capsules 6–8 × 8–9 mm, smooth; columella tipped with 3-pronged grappling hooklike appendage. Seeds 4–5 × 4–4.5 mm, shiny. 2n = 20.


Phenology: Flowering May–Dec.
Habitat: Old pastures, forest openings, bottomlands, fence rows, disturbed areas.
Elevation: 0–300 m.

Distribution

V12 654-distribution-map.jpg

Ala., Ark., Fla., Ga., La., Miss., Mo., S.C., Tenn., Tex.

Discussion

Croton lindheimeri is very similar to C. capitatus, and the two can sometimes be found growing together in northeastern Texas. Croton lindheimeri can be distinguished by its more ochraceous pubescence on young growth, consistently acute leaf tips, somewhat more elongated pistillate part of the raceme, and pistillate sepal tips that do not recurve after anthesis. Croton lindheimeri was reported from Indiana, adventive on ballast in 1898, and from Kansas based on a single 1883 collection from Miami County, but apparently did not become established in either state.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"connate" is not a number. "distinct" is not a number.

... more about "Croton lindheimeri"
yellowish +  and pale green +
woolly-tomentose +  and stellate-hairy +
straight +
Benjamin W. van Ee +  and Paul E. Berry +
(Engelmann & A. Gray) Alph. Wood +
cordate +  and rounded or subcordate +
Pilinophytum lindheimeri +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br />) +
ovatelanceolate +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br />) +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br />) +
Goatweed +  and woolly croton +
Ala. +, Ark. +, Fla. +, Ga. +, La. +, Miss. +, Mo. +, S.C. +, Tenn. +  and Tex. +
0–300 m. +
pistillate +  and staminate +
subtending +
Old pastures, forest openings, bottomlands, fence rows, disturbed areas. +
brown-dotted +
scale-like +  and stellate +
axillary +  and terminal +
palmate +  and pinnate +
colorless +  and reddish +
deciduous +, semideciduous +  and persistent +
palmate +  and pinnate +
denticulate +  and crenate +
extrastaminal +
pistillate +  and staminate +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
pale green +  and white +
list;count;distinct +
linear-oblong +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br />) +
1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br /> (7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br />) +
Flowering May–Dec. +
(1-)3-carpellate +
Class-book Bot. ed. s.n.(b), +
1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br /> (3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br />) +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
lenticular +, globose +, ovoid +, oblong +  and ellipsoid +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.45 cm4.5 mm <br />0.0045 m <br />) +
valvate +  and imbricate +
distinct +  and connate +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
Illustrated +  and Endemic +
stellate-hairy +
caducous +, deciduous +  and persistent +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
connate +  and distinct +
multifid +  and 2-fid +
2 times 2-fid terminal segments +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (?) +  and 0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (?) +
Croton capitatus var. lindheimeri +
Croton lindheimeri +
species +
14 +, 10 +, 9 +  and 8 +