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appears in FNA Volume 17. Treatment on page 11. Mentioned on page 4, 5, 12, 19, 49, 55, 279, 324, 425. Herbs, subshrubs, or shrubs, annual or perennial, sometimes

on page 50. Mentioned on page 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 49. Herbs or shrubs, sometimes vines in Asparagus, perennial, mostly geophytic

looped, hooked, or patent > 49 49 Leaf blades simple, margins entire, spinulose-toothed, or sinuate-dentate (not lobed) > 50 49 Leaf blades 1–2(–3)-pinnately

temperate latitudes, some species widely Genera ca. 100, species ca. 1600 (49 genera, 229 species in the flora). Jansen, R. K. et al. 1991b. Systematic

small, and anthos, flower Treatment appears in FNA Volume 8. Treatment on page 49. Mentioned on page 43, 44, 45, 48, 50, 54, 68, 69, 133. Herbs, sometimes rhizomatous

almost all functional; lemmas 1.5-10.5 mm, unawned, sometimes mucronate. > 49 49 Plants perennial, stoloniferous; paleas of the pistillate florets completely

anther apex. Eubotrys 49 Leaf blades linear to narrowly elliptic or oblong, without peltate scales; stamens without awns. Andromeda 49 Leaf blades elliptic

speciosa). > 49 49 Seed coat cell anticlinal walls wavy; petals golden yellow; leaf blades 43.6–233 mm, always some 146+ mm. Mentzelia speciosa 49 Seed coat

achenes 1.5–3 mm, smooth or rugose. > 49 49 Inflorescences terminal, capitate; culms not more than 20 cm. Remirea 49 Inflorescences terminal or some lateral

Volume 9. Treatment on page 28. Mentioned on page 19, 20, 29, 30, 35, 38, 48, 49, 52, 54, 55, 647. Shrubs, subshrubs, or herbs, perennial, 0.5–30 (–50) dm;

1-flowered, cymes, cymose racemes, or cymose-panicles, or flowers solitary, 1–49-flowered; peduncle present. Pedicels present. Flowers bisexual; perianth and

appears in FNA Volume 7. Treatment on page 60. Mentioned on page 23, 24, 29, 49, 51, 61, 64, 66, 67, 71, 75, 78, 83, 86. Shrubs, 0.005–6 m, clonal by layering

Treatment on page 38. Mentioned on page 23, 24, 29, 30, 31, 39, 40, 41, 44, 48, 49, 51, 57, 61. Shrubs or trees, 1–25 m, usually not clonal, or clonal by stem

clearly stipitate > 49 48 Fruiting sepals sessile; glands of bracteoles sessile or stipitate > 52 49 Stamens 10. Crataegus ser. Intricatae 49 Stamens 20 > 50

lavender, or purple. Hesperidanthus 48 Petals white > 49 49 Ovules 28-90 per ovary. Boechera 49 Ovules 6-12(-18) per ovary > 50 50 Basal leaf blades ciliate

on page 23. Mentioned on page 4, 5, 8, 9, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 49, 51, 157. Shrubs or trees, slightly heterophyllous, clonal or not, clones

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 7. Treatment on page 86. Mentioned on page 49, 61. Plants 0.2–6 m, not clonal or clonal by layering. Largest medial blades

48 Anthers not sagittate. > 49 49 Capsules narrow-oblong, rounded in cross section; stems ± flexuous. Calochortus catalinae 49 Capsules linear, angled in

appears in FNA Volume 7. Treatment on page 93. Mentioned on page 23, 24, 29, 47, 49, 51, 57, 60, 61, 86, 104, 107, 120, 125, 126, 133. Shrubs or trees, 0.05–20

48 No leaves with auricles. > 49 49 Lemma veins parallel distally; plants of saline and alkaline habitats Puccinellia 49 Lemma veins converging distally;

or glandular-pubescent > 49 48 Ovaries densely bristly or glandular-bristly; berries with bristles developing into spines > 52 49 Sepals greenish white to

appears in FNA Volume 6. Treatment on page 48. Mentioned on page 3, 4, 7, 49, 50, 55. Plants sometimes shrublike in cultivated forms of C. melopepo, annual

in FNA Volume 8. Treatment on page 132. Mentioned on page 43, 44, 45, 48, 49, 50, 68, 131, 133, 141, 146. Herbs perennial (biennial in S. adscendens, annual

of some growth forms Treatment appears in FNA Volume 17. Treatment on page 49. Mentioned on page 5, 11, 12. Herbs, perennial, submersed, amphibious, or

triangular-ovate. Sedum acre 49 Leaf blades obovate, lanceolate, elliptic, elliptic-lanceolate, elliptic-ovate, ovate, elliptic-oblong, or linear > 50 49 Leaf blades spatulate

Supini (Reichenbach) Palla Verh. K. K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 38(Sitzungsber.): 49. 1888. S. Galen Smith Common names: Naked-stemmed bulrushes scirpes schoenoplecte

Volume 7. Treatment on page 44. Mentioned on page 24, 29, 30, 31, 38, 39, 49. Shrubs or trees, 1–15 m. Stems: branches somewhat to highly brittle at base

flattened, wings absent. x = 8, 9, 10. w United States, nw Mexico Species 49 (48 in the flora). Diplacus includes western North American species with parietal

present. > 48 48 Leaves basal or radical. > 49 48 Leaves basal and/or cauline. > 55 49 Leaves 1(–2). > 50 49 Leaves 2 or more. > 52 50 Petiole conspicuous

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 27. Treatment on page 48. Mentioned on page 47, 49, 54. Plants typically large, with distinct capitulum; green, pale green, yellowish

Bacopa repens, Bacopa rotundifolia Aublet Hist. Pl. Guiane 1: 128, plate 49. 1775. Adjoa Richardson Ahedor Common names: Water-hyssop Etymology: Aboriginal

capsule, covered by subsidiary cells or not; Rocky Mountains and eastward > 49 49 Distal laminal cells larger than 14 µm, lumina smooth, rounded; leaf apices

narrowly lanceolate from an ovate base. Grimmia pilifera 49 Seta arcuate; dioicous. Grimmia elatior 49 Seta straight; autoicous > 50 50 Annulus small, 1 row

reproducing vegetatively by adventitious-buds or stolons. Fertile stems erect, 49–150 cm; sterile stems to 15 cm. Leaves of fertile stems: blade ovate to lanceolate

IntroducedIllustrated Treatment appears in FNA Volume 5. Treatment on page 49. Generated Map Legacy Map B.C., Md., Oreg., South America, Eurasia, Africa

branches 1-5 cm long; lower glumes 1-2-veined. > 49 49 Calluses 0.4-0.8 mm long Aristida purpurascens 49 Calluses 1-2 mm long Aristida gyrans

in FNA Volume 26. Treatment on page 47. Mentioned on page 16, 22, 23, 48, 49, 51, 67. Herbs, perennial or rarely annual, rhizomatous, often stoloniferous;

familyTheaceae genusFranklinia speciesFranklinia alatamaha Marshall Arbust. Amer., 49. 1785 ,. Linda M. Prince Common names: Franklin tree IllustratedEndemic Synonyms:

genusTorreya speciesTorreya californica Torrey New York J. Pharm. (1852–1854) 3: 49. 1854. Matthew H. Hils Common names: California torreya California-nutmeg

Thieret, Richard K. Rabeler Treatment appears in FNA Volume 5. Treatment on page 49. Illustrator: Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey Copyright: Flora of North America Association

wide; achenes 0.7–1.5 mm wide. > 49 49 Achenes 1–1.6 × 0.7–1.25 mm; inflorescences appearing fine-textured. Carex subfusca 49 Achenes 1.3–2 × 0.9–1.5 mm; inflorescences

L. Reveal Basionym: Undefined subg. Pterogonum H. Gross Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 49: 239. 1913 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 5. Treatment on page 376. Mentioned

appears in FNA Volume 19. Treatment on page 489. Mentioned on page 31, 48, 49, 52, 53, 68, 486, 488. Perennials [annuals, subshrubs], 5–150 cm (usually

gracilescens, Leskea obscura, Leskea polycarpa Hedwig Sp. Musc. Frond., 211, plates 49 – 58, plate 59, figs. 1 – 5. 1801. Paul L. Redfearn Jr. Etymology: For Nathanael

narrowly oblanceolate to narrowly oblong, 20–55 × 3–9 mm; petals arcuate, 23–49 × 4–10 mm; lip obovate to oblong, arcuate to reflexed near middle, often obscurely

speciesEuonymus alatus (Thunberg) Siebold Verh. Batav. Genootsch. Kunst. 12: 49. 1830. Jinshuang Ma, Geoffrey A. Levin Common names: Oriental spindle-tree

stimulosus, Cnidoscolus texanus Pohl Pl. Bras. Icon. Descr. 1: 56, plates 49–52. 1827. Geoffrey A. Levin Common names: Bull-nettle mala mujer Etymology:

speciesCeratophyllum echinatum A. Gray Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York 4: 49. 1837. Donald H. Les Common names: Hornwort cornifle échinée EndemicIllustratedWeedy

borealis subsp. arida, Clarkia borealis subsp. borealis E. Small Canad. J. Bot. 49: 1215, figs. 2B, 3A,B. 1971. Harlan Lewis†, Peter C. Hoch Common names: Northern

morphological, anatomical, palynological, and chemical characters. Brittonia 49: 348–405. Whetstone, R. D. 1983. The Sterculiaceae in the flora of the southeastern

applegatei var. pinetorum, Castilleja applegatei var. viscida Fernald Erythea 6: 49. 1898. J. Mark Egger, Peter F. Zika, Barbara L. Wilson, Richard E. Brainerd

spreading, ± subequal > 49 49 Leaves: petioles (1–)2–5 cm, blades 10–32 × (1.2–)4–9 cm, margins coarsely serrate Helianthus grosseserratus 49 Leaves: petioles

septentrionalis Fernald Treatment appears in FNA Volume 26. Treatment on page 49. Mentioned on page 46, 48. Illustrator: John Myers Copyright: Flora of North

Lower Taxa Drypetes diversifolia, Drypetes lateriflora Vahl Eclog. Amer. 3: 49. 1807. Geoffrey A. Levin Etymology: Probably from Greek drypa, dried olive

Welsh Basionym: Wolfianae Standley in N. L. Britton et al., N. Amer. Fl. 21: 49. 1916 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 4. Mentioned on page 354. Leaves alternate

genusHerissantia speciesHerissantia crispa (Linnaeus) Brizicky J. Arnold Arbor. 49: 279. 1968. John La Duke Illustrated Basionym: Sida crispa Linnaeus Sp. Pl

diffuse; n Arizona, nw New Mexico, s Utah Eriogonum subreniforme 49 Perianths glandular > 50 49 Perianths glabrous > 53 50 Perianths white to red, glandular-puberulent

times as long as wide; twigs pubescent. > 49 49 Terminal buds uniformly pubescent, generally exceeding 5 mm. > 50 49 Terminal buds glabrous or hairy only at

mm) to perigynia number = 2–2.4; terminal spikes 12–49 × (1.3–) 2.1–4 mm, longest per plant (21–) 26–49 mm, usually much exceeding distalmost lateral spike

(3–) 6.8–12.6 (–20) mm; blade elliptic to oval to orbiculate, (16–) 24–34 (–49) × (7–) 17–26 (–37) mm, base rounded or subcordate, apex subtruncate to rounded

tips (8a1c. E. sect. Eleocharis ser. Rostellatae). Worldwide Species ca. 160 (49 in the flora). None. None. window.propertiesFromHigherTaxa=[{"rank":"genus"

to linear, apices acuminate; peduncles to 20–27 mm, pedicels 1–20 mm. > 49 49 Calyx lobes (4.5–)6–8(–9) × 2–3 mm, apices acuminate to caudate; pollen sac

wTexas, Oklahoma. Quercus fusiformis 49 Leaf blade adaxially dull, grayish because of conspicuous stellate hairs. > 50 49 Leaf blade adaxially green, glabrous

(Cactaceae). Bradleya 5: 49–76. Glass, C. and R. A. Foster. 1977. The genus Thelocactus in the Chihuahuan Desert. Cact. Succ. J. (Los Angeles) 49: 213–220, 244–251

subsp. langsdorffii Fischer ex Steven Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 6: 49, plate 9, fig. 2. 1822. Bruce W. Robart Common names: Langsdorff's lousewort

eurycephala var. lewisrosei (Torrey & A. Gray) W. A. Weber & Á. Löve Phytologia 49: 46. 1981. Debra K. Trock Endemic Basionym: Senecio eurycephalus Torrey &

genusDeparia speciesDeparia acrostichoides (Swartz) M. Kato Ann. Carnegie Mus. 49: 177. 1980. Masahiro Kato Common names: Silvery-spleenwort silvery glade fern athyrie

familyLiliaceae genusHarperocallis speciesHarperocallis flava McDaniel J. Arnold Arbor. 49: 38, figs. 1, 2. 1968. Frederick H. Utech, Loran C. Anderson IllustratedEndemicConservation

Packera bolanderi var. harfordii (A. Gray) W. A. Weber & Á. Löve Phytologia 49: 45. 1981. Debra K. Trock Endemic Basionym: Senecio bolanderi A. Gray Proc

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 17. Treatment on page 51. Mentioned on page 43, 49, 50, 54. Illustrator: Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey Copyright: Flora of North America

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 17. Treatment on page 51. Mentioned on page 49, 50, 52. Illustrator: Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey Copyright: Flora of North America

laciniate. > 49 48 Margins of ovarian crest processes dentate to laciniate. > 52 49 Flowers 10–18 mm; tepals maroon or deep reddish purple. > 50 49 Flowers

Brewer’s paintbrush Endemic Basionym: Castilleja breweri Fernald Erythea 6: 49. 1898 Synonyms: C. applegatei subsp. pallida (Eastwood) T. I. Chuang & Heckard

Packera dimorphophylla var. paysonii (Greene) W. A. Weber & Á. Löve Phytologia 49: 46. 1981. Debra K. Trock IllustratedEndemic Basionym: Senecio dimorphophyllus Greene

Common twinpod Endemic Basionym: Vesicaria didymocarpa Hooker Fl. Bor.-Amer. 1: 49, plate 16. 1830 Synonyms: Coulterina didymocarpa (Hooker) Kuntze Treatment

times 2-branched; pleiochasial bracts linear-lanceolate or narrowly ovate, 25–49 × 5–9 mm, margins entire, apex acute or acuminate; dichasial bracts ovate

racemes elongated. Physaria pruinosa 49 Stems prostrate; cauline leaves densely overlapping. Physaria gordonii 49 Stems ascending to erect; cauline leaves

familyCistaceae genusLechea speciesLechea san-sabeana (Buckley) Hodgdon Rhodora 40: 49. 1938. David E. Lemke Common names: San Saba pinweed EndemicIllustrated Basionym:

Bush, B.F. 1926. The Missouri species of Elymus. Amer. Midi. Naturalist 10:49-88 Campbell, J.J.N. 2000. Notes on North American Elymus species (Poaceae)

the International Compositae Conference, Kew, 1994. 2 vols. Kew. Vol. 1, pp. 49–77. Morgan, D. R. and B. B. Simpson. 1992. A systematic study of Machaeranthera

Amaranthus retroflexus 49 Bracts shorter than 2 mm, shorter than tepals; style branches strongly spread- ing Amaranthus dubius 49 Bracts 2-7 mm, longer

to orbiculate-ovate, 1.5-3 cm; Santa Cruz or Sonoma counties, California > 49 48 Twigs and immature inflorescence axes with dense, short, golden yellow

Cutleaf coneflower Endemic Treatment appears in FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 49. Mentioned on page 45, 46. Perennials, 50–300 cm (rhizomes often elongate

reddish violet, or ± white adaxially > 49 48 Petals yellow adaxially > 58 49 All petals yellow basally > 50 49 All or just 3 lower petals white basally

ca. 0.5 mm diam.; stems 15-45 cm Silene gallica 49 Calyx lobes equaling or exceeding tube Silene aperta 49 Calyx lobes shorter than tube. [50. Shifted to

Bot. 49:253-262 Johnson, B.L. 1962. Natural hybrids between Oryzopsis and Stipa: II. Oryzopsis hymenoides x Stipa nevadensis. Amer. J. Bot. 49:540-546

crispate, apex not hoodlike, acute to round-apiculate, lacunae absent; veins 19–49. Floating leaves: petioles continuous in color to apex, 2.3–22.6 cm; blade

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 8. Treatment on page 48. Mentioned on page 43, 44, 49, 50, 133. Illustrator: Linny Heagy Copyright: Flora of North America Association

concern Basionym: Calycadenia plumosa Kellogg Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 5: 49. 1873 Synonyms: Hemizonia plumosa (Kellogg) A. Gray Treatment appears in FNA

dimorphic, deciduous, few, well separated; sterile leaves 40-58 cm, fertile leaves 49-70 cm. Petiole reddish-brown proximally, straw-colored distally; base not

familyPlantaginaceae genusCollinsia speciesCollinsia concolor Greene Erythea 3: 49. 1895. Michael S. Park Common names: Chinese-houses Illustrated Treatment

gigantea, Coreopsis maritima (Nuttall) S. F. Blake Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 49: 340. 1913. John L. Strother Basionym: Undefined sect. Tuckermannia Nuttall

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 50. Mentioned on page 49. Illustrator: John Myers Copyright: Flora of North America Association Leaves:

Strawberryleaf raspberry Treatment appears in FNA Volume 9. Treatment on page 49. Mentioned on page 32. Herbs, to 1 dm, unarmed. Stems creeping, flowering

genusSieversia speciesSieversia pentapetala (Linnaeus) Greene Pittonia 4: 49. 1899. Joseph R. Rohrer Common names: Aleutian or low avens Illustrated Basionym:

bulrush scirpe aigu Treatment appears in FNA Volume 23. Treatment on page 49. Mentioned on page 48. Illustrator: Susan A. Reznicek Elizabeth Zimmerman

speciesScopulophila rixfordii (Brandegee) Munz & I. M. Johnston Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 49: 351. 1923. Ronald L. Hartman Common names: Rixford’s rockwort IllustratedEndemic

appears in FNA Volume 9. Treatment on page 39. Mentioned on page 33, 34, 42, 49, 50, 54. Shrubs, 5–10 (–30) dm, armed. Stems biennial, erect, rarely arching

Packera pseudaurea var. semicordata (Rydberg) W. A. Weber & Á. Löve Phytologia 49: 48. 1981. Debra K. Trock Common names: False-gold groundsel Endemic Basionym:

speciesMicrostachys corniculata (Vahl) A. Jussieu ex Grisebach Fl. Brit. W. I., 49. 1859. Kenneth J. Wurdack Common names: Hato tejas IntroducedIllustrated Basionym:

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 28. Treatment on page 61. Mentioned on page 49, 55. Plants 0.3–1 cm. Stem-leaves loosely erect-appressed and slightly incurved

usually alternate, occasionally opposite at proximalmost node; petiole 15–49 mm, glabrous; blade usually ovate, rarely oblong or elliptic, 13–54 × 7–38

speciesGaylussacia ursina (M. A. Curtis) Torrey & A. Gray Mem. Amer. Acad. Arts, n. s. 3: 49. 1846,. Bruce A. Sorrie, Alan S. Weakley, Gordon C. Tucker Common names: Bear

Tamarack mélèze laricin Endemic Basionym: Pinus laricina DuRoi Diss. Observ. Bot., 49. 1771 Synonyms: Larix alaskensis W.Wight Larix laricina var. alaskensis (W

IllustratedEndemic Basionym: Seymeria macrophylla Nuttall Gen. N. Amer. Pl. 2: 49. 1818 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 17. Treatment on page 560. Mentioned

the plants Basionym: Salicornia sect. Perennes Duval-Jouve ex Moss J. Bot. 49: 178. 1911 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 4. Mentioned on page 258, 259,

Packera neomexicana var. toumeyi (A. Gray) W. A. Weber & Á. Löve Phytologia 49: 47. 1981. Debra K. Trock Basionym: Senecio neomexicanus A. Gray in A. Gray

calliopsidea, Coreopsis hamiltonii (A. Gray) S. F. Blake Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 49: 340. 1913. John L. Strother Basionym: Undefined sect. Pugiopappus A. Gray

Agrimonieae genusAgrimonia speciesAgrimonia gryposepala Wallroth Beitr. Bot. 1: 49, plate 1, fig. 8. 1842. Genevieve J. Kline, Paul D. Sørensen Common names:

persisting in the spikelets or disarticulating at maturity. 2n = 36, 40, 42, 49, 54, 72. Generated Map Legacy Map Idaho, Mont., Wash., Conn., N.J., N.Y.,

bract margins serrate to serrulate, sometimes entire; cymes 3–11-flowered. > 49 49 Pollen sacs 0.6–0.8 mm; staminodes: distal 0.5–1 mm densely pilose, hairs

blade margins toothed (at least toward apex or on majority of leaves). > 49 49 Seeds with prominent transverse ridges that interrupt abaxial keel. > 50

Paspalum pubiflorum 46 Upper glumes, and usually lower lemmas, glabrous. > 47 49 Upper florets golden brown. > 50 50 Plants not rhizomatous; culms decumbent

wide. Inflorescences 12–56 mm; proximal internode 6–34 mm; proximal bracts 6–49 mm, awn 7–46 mm; spikes (2–) 3–5, longest ones 2–5, usually gynecandrous;

Welsh Basionym: Truncatae Standley in N. L. Britton et al., N. Amer. Fl. 21: 49. 1916 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 4. Mentioned on page 354. Leaves usually

Basionym: Tanacetum potentilloides var. nitrophilum Cronquist Leafl. W. Bot. 6: 49. 1950 Synonyms: Vesicarpa potentilloides var. nitrophilum (Cronquist) Kartesz

conoidea var. conoidea (de Candolle) Britton & Rose Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 49: 252. 1922. Allan D. Zimmerman, Bruce D. Parfitt Illustrated Basionym: Mammillaria

Richard W. Spellenberg Treatment appears in FNA Volume 4. Treatment on page 49. Mentioned on page 41. Herbs, perennial; roots cylindric, cordlike. Stems

Strother IllustratedEndemic Treatment appears in FNA Volume 20. Treatment on page 49. Illustrator: Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey Copyright: Flora of North America Association

Club 23: 368. 1896, Treatment appears in FNA Volume 8. Treatment on page 49. Illustrator: Linny Heagy Copyright: Flora of North America Association Stems

fruit. > 49 49 Plants cespitose, rhizomatous; culms wandlike, to 1.5 m; inflorescence branches divaricately spreading. Rhynchospora miliacea 49 Plants cespitose

roadsides, oak woodlands Packera texensis 49 Basal leaves: margins 2–3 times pinnately dissected Packera millefolium 49 Basal leaves: margins mostly pinnatifid

southern California. > 49 49 Ligules 0.4-1 mm long; panicles dense; pedicels up to 2 mm long; anthers 0.3-0.5 mm long Muhlenbergia mexicana 49 Ligules 1-2.5 mm

appears in FNA Volume 23. Treatment on page 48. Mentioned on page 45, 47, 49, 50. Rhizomes 5–15 mm diam. Culms cylindric, 1–4 m × 2–10 mm. Leaves 3–4,

descriptions of five new species from California and Nevada, USA. Aliso 30: 49–68. Nesom, G. L. 2011d. Recognition and synopsis of Mimulus sect. Tropanthus

distinct tubercle, other inner tepals without tubercles or tubercles small > 49 49 Inner tepals usually with 1 tubercle, teeth to 0.5 mm; branches of inflorescences

Carpels erect in fruit, connate basally, pale-brown. 2n = 24, 30–33, 48, 49, 61–77, 72, 96, 120, 144. Generated Map Legacy Map N.Mex., Tex., n Mexico

Scirpus rubiginosus Beetle Treatment appears in FNA Volume 23. Treatment on page 49. Mentioned on page 48. Illustrator: Susan A. Reznicek Elizabeth Zimmerman

flavidispinus (Galeotti ex Pfeiffer) Britton & Rose Bull. Torrey Bot. Clu b 49: 251. 1922. Allan D. Zimmerman, Bruce D. Parfitt Common names: Glory-of-Texas Texas

mucronatus (Linnaeus) Palla Verh. K. K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 38(Sitzungsber.): 49. 1888. S. Galen Smith Common names: Rough-seed bulrush ricefield bulrush

Allionia gracillima Standley Treatment appears in FNA Volume 4. Treatment on page 49. Mentioned on page 41, 48, 5. Illustrator: Barbara Alongi Copyright: Flora

golden violet Illustrated Basionym: Viola chrysantha Hooker Icon. Pl. 1: plate 49. 1836, Treatment appears in FNA Volume 6. Treatment on page 129. Mentioned

IllustratedEndemic Basionym: Acrolasia humilis Osterhout Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 49: 183. 1922 Synonyms: A. thompsonii (Glad) W. A. Weber Treatment appears in

usually not outer series. Seeds yellowish, widely ellipsoid to ovoid, 0.26–0.49, not tailed. 2n = 27–37, 58–81, 108–115. Phenology: Flowering and fruiting

1943 Lastarriaea chilensis subsp. californica H. Gross Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 49: 345. 1913, Synonyms: Chorizanthe lastarriaea var. californica (H. Gross)

-5-nerved, linear to lanceolate, 40–100 (–120) × 1.4–4 (–8) mm, lengths 12–49 time widths, gradually reduced distally, firm-herbaceous, margins scabrous

(P. illinoensis). > 13 12 Submersed leaf blade with 19–49 veins; floating leaf blade with 27–49 veins. Potamogeton amplifolius 12 Submersed leaf blade

speciesDicranoweisia cirrata (Hedwig) Lindberg in C. Milde in C. Milde, Bryol. Siles., 49. 1869,. Wilfred B. Schofield Basionym: Weissia cirrata Hedwig Sp. Musc. Frond

sectionClarkia sect. Myxocarpa speciesClarkia australis E. Small Canad. J. Bot. 49: 1216, fig. 4D. 1971. Harlan Lewis†, Peter C. Hoch Common names: Small’s southern

Amygdalinae W. D. J. Koch Treatment appears in FNA Volume 7. Treatment on page 49. Mentioned on page 29, 39, 51. Shrubs or trees, 2–7 (–10) m. Stems: (bark

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 6. Treatment on page 53. Mentioned on page 4, 49, 50. Generated Map Legacy Map Ala., Calif., Conn., Kans., Ky., La., Mass.

Basionym: Yucca kanabensis McKelvey Yuccas Southw. U.S. 2: 122, plates 48, 49. 1947 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 26. Treatment on page 435. Mentioned

tribeRosaceae tribe Amygdaleae genusPrunus speciesPrunus eremophila Prigge Madroño 49: 285, figs. 1, 2. 2003. Joseph R. Rohrer Conservation concernEndemicIllustrated

Robert E. Magill Basionym: Seligeria globifera Hampe Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 28: 49. 1870 Synonyms: Globulina globifera (Hampe) Brotherus Treatment appears in

genusGeraea speciesGeraea canescens Torrey & A. Gray Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 1: 49. 1847. Curtis Clark Common names: Hairy desert-sunflower desert-gold Illustrated

genusDicranoweisia speciesDicranoweisia crispula (Hedwig) Milde Bryol. Siles., 49. 1869,. Wilfred B. Schofield Basionym: Weissia crispula Hedwig Sp. Musc. Frond

genusHarperocallis Show Lower Taxa Harperocallis flava McDaniel J. Arnold Arbor. 49: 36, figs. 1, 2. 1968. Frederick H. Utech, Loran C. Anderson Common names:

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 8. Treatment on page 58. Mentioned on page 49, 50, 53. Illustrator: Linny Heagy Copyright: Flora of North America Association

aspera Show Lower Taxa Solidago rugosa var. aspera (Aiton) Cronquist Rhodora 49: 78. 1947. John C. Semple, Rachel E. Cook Endemic Basionym: Solidago aspera Aiton

Hogan Endemic Basionym: Calandrinia leeana Porter Bot. Bull. (Hanover) 1: 49. 1876 (as leana) Synonyms: Lewisia eastwoodiana Purdy Oreobroma leeanum (Porter)

North America Association Plants not cespitose, long-rhizomatous. Culms 13–49 cm, triangular, scabrous distally. Leaves: basal sheaths reddish-brown to

lanceovate or elliptic, 19–52 × 5–22 mm; lateral sepals connate, synsepal 17–49 × 6–25 mm; petals deflexed to somewhat spreading, somewhat spirally twisted

abruptly acuminate > 49 49 Leaves: abaxial surfaces hairy along midribs and veins; drupes purple-red to yellow. Prunus cerasifera 49 Leaves: abaxial surfaces

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 7. Treatment on page 89. Mentioned on page 25, 28, 49, 61, 80, 85, 86, 90, 91, 92, 107, 109, 151. Illustrator: John Myers Copyright:

FNA Volume 9. Treatment on page 36. Mentioned on page 30, 32, 33, 37, 44, 49, 55, 56. Shrubs, (3–) 10–50 dm, armed. Stems biennial, arching, sometimes

adaxially, ovate or ovate-elliptic to oblanceolate or spatulate, 8–80 × 4–49 mm, coriaceous, base obtuse to attenuate or decurrent, margins entire or denticulate

ovaries sometimes not developed; ovary apices, when present, glabrous. 2n = 49, 56. Generated Map Legacy Map Mont., Alaska, Alta., B.C., Greenland, Nfld

torreyi, Penstemon barbatus var. trichander (Cavanilles) Roth Catal. Bot. 3: 49. 1806. Craig C. Freeman Common names: Beard-lip beardtongue Illustrated Basionym:

Ovales speciesCarex cumulata (L. H. Bailey) Mackenzie Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 49: 366. 1923. Joy Mastrogiuseppe, Paul E. Rothrock, A. C. Dibble, A. A. Reznicek

4–12, cymes 1-flowered or 2 (–4) -flowered; proximal bracts lanceolate, 6–49 × 1–8 mm; peduncles and pedicels erect, sometimes ascending, glabrous or sparsely

Show Lower Taxa Neolloydia conoidea Britton & Rose Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 49: 251. 1922. Allan D. Zimmerman, Bruce D. Parfitt Etymology: Greek neos, new

North American species of Linum, section Adenolinum (Linaceae). Canad. J. Bot. 49: 1379–1388. Linum bienne, Linum grandiflorum, Linum lewisii, Linum perenne

1962. Comparative morphology of the Osmundaceae. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 49: 57--93. Osmunda window.propertiesFromHigherTaxa=[];

var. laeve Warnstorf Treatment appears in FNA Volume 27. Treatment on page 49. Mentioned on page 48, 50, 51, 52, 55, 92. Plants moderate-sized and lax to

triqueter (Linnaeus) Palla Verh. K. K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 38(Sitzungsber.): 49. 1888. S. Galen Smith Common names: Triangular club-rush IntroducedIllustrated

Sepals: abaxial surfaces eglandular, rarely stipitate-glandular (north of 49° parallel). 2n = 14. Phenology: Flowering Jun–Jul(–Aug). Habitat: Prairies

fruit; sepals 4.5–7 mm; petals 10–16 (–21) × 7–11 (–15) mm; stamens (35–) 49–64. Capsules globose to oblong-globose, 6–9.5 × 6–9.5 mm. Phenology: Flowering

sectionLinum sect. Linopsis speciesLinum kingii S. Watson Botany (Fortieth Parallel), 49. 1871. Nancy R. Morin Common names: King's flax perennial yellow flax IllustratedEndemic

Bulbostyle capillaire Illustrated Basionym: Scirpus capillaris Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 1: 49. 1753 Synonyms: Bulbostylis capillaris var. crebra Fernald Bulbostylis capillaris

Smith IntroducedIllustrated Basionym: Scirpus setaceus Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 1: 49. 1753 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 23. Treatment on page 140. Mentioned

petiole 4–10 mm, densely villose-strigose; blade elliptic, (25–) 50–127 × 13–49 [–62 in cultivation] mm, chartaceous or subcoriaceous, base cuneate or obtuse

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 27. Treatment on page 50. Mentioned on page 49, 51, 52, 53. Plants moderate-sized to robust, ± weak-stemmed and compact,

Basionym: Adiantum pedatum var. aleuticum Ruprecht Distr. Crypt. Vasc. Ross., 49. 1845 Synonyms: Adiantum boreale C. Presl Adiantum pedatum subsp. aleuticum (Ruprecht)

0.5–1.5 mm. Flowers closed or semi-open; perianth 1.5–2.3 (–3) mm; tube 28–49% of perianth length; tepals partially overlapping, green, margins pink, rarely

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 6. Treatment on page 51. Mentioned on page 49, 50, 52. Illustrator: Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey Copyright: Flora of North America

familyAndreaeaceae genusAndreaea speciesAndreaea alpina Hedwig Sp. Musc. Frond., 49, plate 7, fig. 2p. 1801,. Richard H. Zander Treatment appears in FNA Volume

mm; longest proximal internodes (11–) 13–34 mm; longest proximal bracts 15–49 mm. 2n = 54. Phenology: Fruiting spring–summer. Habitat: Wet-mesic to dry-mesic

Stems 23–100 cm. Leaves: petiole 0–3 mm; blade broadly lanceolate to ovate, 49–115 × 10–36 mm, base rounded, margins once-serrate, teeth 2–7 per cm, abaxial

William D. Reese† Basionym: Glyphomitrium sinense Mitten J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 8: 49. 1865 Synonyms: Ptychomitrium leibergii Best Treatment appears in FNA Volume

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 17. Treatment on page 54. Mentioned on page 49, 50, 51. Leaves not connate at base, ± linear tapering from base, 5.9–11.3

Basionym: Sphaeralcea rosacea Munz & I. M. Johnston Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 49: 353. 1923 Synonyms: S. purpurea Parish ex Jepson Treatment appears in FNA

speciesCaulophyllum giganteum (Farwell) Loconte & W. H. Blackwell Phytologia 49: 483. 1981. Henry Loconte Endemic Basionym: Caulophyllum thalictroides var

genusGeraea speciesGeraea viscida (A. Gray) S. F. Blake Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 49: 357. 1913. Curtis Clark Common names: Sticky desert-sunflower Basionym: Encelia

arenicola (Small) B. W. van Ee, P. E. Berry & Ginzbarg Harvard Pap. Bot. 14: 49. 2009. Benjamin W. van Ee, Paul E. Berry Endemic Basionym: Croton arenicola Small

genusClaytonia speciesClaytonia arenicola L. F. Henderson Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 22: 49. 1895. John M. Miller Common names: Henderson’s claytonia Endemic Synonyms:

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 17. Treatment on page 53. Mentioned on page 49, 50. Leaves connate at base, spatulate-obovate, 1.4–2.3 × 0.4–1.5 mm, 2+-veined

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 17. Treatment on page 54. Mentioned on page 49, 50. Leaves connate at base, obovate-oblanceolate to spatulate, 1.5–3.9 ×

H. Clary Endemic Basionym: Yucca newberryi McKelvey Yuccas Southw. U.S. 2: 49. 1947 Synonyms: Yucca whipplei subsp. newberryi (McKelvey) Hochstätter Treatment

Holmes Endemic Basionym: Crinum strictum var. traubii Moldenke Pl. Life 18: 49. 1962 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 26. Treatment on page 279. Mentioned

Basionym: Sphaeralcea ambigua subsp. rugosa Kearney Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 19: 49. 1935 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 6. Treatment on page 360. Mentioned

Endemic Basionym: Brickellia multiflora Kellogg Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 7: 49. 1876 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 503. Leaf-blades

caespitosa varietySphaeralcea caespitosa var. williamsiae N. H. Holmgren Sida 20: 49, figs. 1E – H. 2002. John La Duke Conservation concernEndemic Treatment appears

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 17. Treatment on page 53. Mentioned on page 49, 50. Leaves connate at base, obovate-oblanceolate to spatulate, (2.2–) 2.7–5

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 17. Treatment on page 51. Mentioned on page 49, 50, 54. Leaves not connate at base, ± linear, tapering from base, 12 × 0

blue Symphyotrichum shortii 49 Stems densely puberulent to lanate, especially distally; leaves densely lanate-puberulent > 50 49 Stems strigose, hirsute,

0.2 mm wide, rarely aborted late in development. 2n = 34, 42, 44, 47, 48, 49, 50, 56, 56, 57, 58, 60, 63, 64, 65, 70, 75, 78, ca. 100. Generated Map Legacy

Eriogonum heracleoides var. leucophaeum Nuttall J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 7: 49, plate 7. 1834. James L. Reveal IllustratedEndemic Treatment appears in FNA

Basionym: Mammillaria papyracantha Engelmann Mem. Amer. Acad. Arts, n. s. 4: 49. 1849 Synonyms: Pediocactus papyracanthus (Engelmann) L. D. Benson Toumeya

adaxially, ovate, elliptic, round, or reniform, (10–) 24–71 (–98) × (10–) 13–49 (–83) mm, coriaceous, base cordate or rounded to decurrent, margins entire

sectionCarex sect. Ovales speciesCarex longii Mackenzie Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 49: 373. 1923. Joy Mastrogiuseppe, Paul E. Rothrock, A. C. Dibble, A. A. Reznicek

Chesapeake blackberry Endemic Treatment appears in FNA Volume 9. Treatment on page 49. Mentioned on page 33, 36, 39. Shrubs, 7–30 dm, armed. Stems biennial, arching

tenuiculmis E. Sheldon Treatment appears in FNA Volume 23. Treatment on page 49. Mentioned on page 45, 47, 48, 50. Illustrator: Susan A. Reznicek Elizabeth

1–1.3 mm. Anthers 2.8–3.8 mm. Perigynia spirally imbricate or separate, 40–49-veined, unwrinkled, obovoid or narrowly obovoid, obtusely triangular in cross-section

scales 3.8–4.3 × 1.3–1.6 mm. Anthers 2.9–3.4 mm. Perigynia spirally imbricate, 49–58-veined, unwrinkled, narrowly ellipsoid to obovoid, obtusely triangular

s pungens (Vahl) Palla Verh. K. K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 38(Sitzungsber.): 49. 1888. S. Galen Smith Common names: Common three-square bulrush chair-maker’s

sect. Ovales speciesCarex merritt-fernaldii Mackenzie Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 49: 370. 1923. Joy Mastrogiuseppe, Paul E. Rothrock, A. C. Dibble, A. A. Reznicek

Corollas usually 25–50 mm > 49 48 Corollas usually 16–25 mm > 61 49 Biennials or short-lived monocarpic perennials, taprooted > 50 49 Perennials, taprooted or

apex gradually tapering; beak 1.5–2.2 mm, 39–49% of total perigynium, margins denticulate for distal 49–60% of length of perigynium, apex entire or bidentulate

Caryophyllales I: Re-evaluation of classification of Phytolaccaceae s.l. Syst. Bot. 10: 49–63. Heimerl, A. 1934. Phytolaccaceae. In: H. G. A. Engler et al., eds. 1924+

Senecio (Compositae): II. Evaluation of some recent studies. Kew Bull. 34: 49–58. Nordenstam, B. 1977[1978]. Senecioneae and Liabeae—systematic review.

widely divergent in fruit, slightly connate basally, brown. 2n = 28, 44, 45–49. Phenology: Flowering late spring-mid summer. Habitat: Usually shaded cliffs

cutleaf coneflower Endemic Treatment appears in FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 49. Leaves: basal 15–40 × 10–25 cm, blades pinnately compound to 2-pinnatifid;

Brown Endemic Basionym: Ibidium floridanum Wherry J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 21: 49, fig. 1. 1931 Synonyms: Spiranthes brevilabris var. floridana (Wherry) Luer

Quamoclidion speciesMirabilis macfarlanei Constance & Rollins Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 49: 148. 1936. Richard W. Spellenberg EndemicConservation concern Treatment appears

names: Jones' noseburn Basionym: Tragia scandens M. E. Jones Contr. W. Bot. 18: 49. 1933 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 12. Treatment on page 187. Mentioned

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 50. Mentioned on page 46, 49. Leaves: basal 15–30 × 5–10 cm, blades usually not lobed, rarely 3-lobed;

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 8. Treatment on page 54. Mentioned on page 49, 50, 52. Illustrator: Linny Heagy Copyright: Flora of North America Association

speciesCoreocarpus arizonicus (A. Gray) S. F. Blake Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 49: 344. 1913. John L. Strother Illustrated Basionym: Leptosyne arizonica A.

Basionym: Camissonia luciae P. H. Raven Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 37: 302, fig. 49. 1969 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 10. Herbs annual, villous through­out

genusErythronium speciesErythronium elegans P. C. Hammond & K. L. Chambers Madroño 32: 49, fig. 1. 1985. Geraldine A. Allen, Kenneth R. Robertson Common names: Elegant

branches, 4–6 mm thick at base. Inflorescences: terminal raceme (8–) 12–35 (–49) cm; flowers (20–) 30–36 (–46) per 10 cm of raceme. Flowers: tepals purplish

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 28. Treatment on page 52. Mentioned on page 49. Plants to 1 cm. Stem-leaves erect-appressed when dry, oblong to oblong-lanceolate

3–9.5 × (0.9–) 1–3 mm in flower, 4–9 (–11) × 1.5–4 mm in fruit. Corollas 30–49 mm; spurs straight, 18–30 mm, subequal to or longer than rest of corolla.

genusPackera speciesPackera debilis (Nuttall) W. A. Weber & Á. Löve Phytologia 49: 46. 1981. Debra K. Trock Common names: Weak groundsel Endemic Basionym: Senecio

ganderi (T. M. Barkley & R. M. Beauchamp) W. A. Weber & Á. Löve Phytologia 49: 47. 1981. Debra K. Trock Common names: Gander’s ragwort EndemicConservation

genusPackera speciesPackera bernardina (Greene) W. A. Weber & Á. Löve Phytologia 49: 45. 1981. Debra K. Trock Common names: San Bernardino ragwort EndemicConservation

speciesPackera antennariifolia (Britton) W. A. Weber & Á. Löve Phytologia 49: 45. 1981. Debra K. Trock Common names: Shalebarren ragwort Endemic Basionym:

genusPackera speciesPackera franciscana (Greene) W. A. Weber & Á. Löve Phytologia 49: 47. 1981. Debra K. Trock Common names: San Francisco Peaks ragwort EndemicConservation

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 8. Treatment on page 58. Mentioned on page 49, 50, 53. Plants solitary or tufted, with bulbils on caudices, short-rhizomatous

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 8. Treatment on page 57. Mentioned on page 49, 50, 53. Plants solitary or tufted, with bulbils on caudices. Leaves basal;

sectionClarkia sect. Myxocarpa speciesClarkia mosquinii E. Small Canad. J. Bot. 49: 1216, fig. 4A,B. 1971. Harlan Lewis†, Peter C. Hoch Common names: Mosquin’s

familyHypnaceae genusPlatygyrium speciesPlatygyrium fuscoluteum Cardot Rev. Bryol. 37: 49. 1910. William D. Reese† Synonyms: Regmatodon fuscoluteus Bescherelle Treatment

tenuiloba (S. Watson) Standley Treatment appears in FNA Volume 4. Treatment on page 49. Mentioned on page 41. Stems decumbent to erect, usually forming leafy clumps

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 17. Treatment on page 53. Mentioned on page 49, 50. Leaves connate at base, ± linear, tapering strongly from near base or

fasciculata (Greene) C. B. Wolf Treatment appears in FNA Volume 12. Treatment on page 49. Mentioned on page 46. Shrubs to small trees, 0.8–2.5 m, unarmed. Branchlets

5–7-veined, ovate, 3–4.5 mm, apex obtuse; ovary and style green. 2n = 48?, 49. Phenology: Flowering May in south; late May–early Jun in north. Habitat:

speciesAmbrosia salsola (Torrey & A. Gray) Strother & B. G. Baldwin Madroño 49: 143. 2002. John L. Strother Common names: Burrobush Illustrated Basionym:

eschscholzianum (Roemer & Schultes) Breitung Canad. Field-Naturalist 71: 49. 1957. Dale W. McNeal Jr., Aaron D. Shaw Basionym: Veratrum lobelianum var

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 8. Treatment on page 58. Mentioned on page 49, 50, 53, 59. Plants solitary or tufted, with bulbils on caudices. Leaves ±

genusPackera speciesPackera greenei (A. Gray) W. A. Weber & Á. Löve Phytologia 49: 47. 1981. Debra K. Trock Common names: Flame ragwort EndemicConservation

frutescens var. resinosa M. E. Jones ex S. F. Blake Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 49: 364. 1913, Synonyms: Encelia resinifera subsp. tenuifolia C. Clark Treatment

genusPackera speciesPackera clevelandii (Greene) W. A. Weber & Á. Löve Phytologia 49: 46. 1981. Debra K. Trock Common names: Cleveland’s ragwort Endemic Basionym:

genusPackera speciesPackera crocata (Rydberg) W. A. Weber & Á. Löve Phytologia 49: 46. 1981. Debra K. Trock Common names: Saffron ragwort Endemic Basionym:

genusPackera speciesPackera flettii (Wiegand) W. A. Weber & Á. Löve Phytologia 49: 46. 1981. Debra K. Trock Common names: Flett’s ragwort Endemic Basionym:

genusPackera speciesPackera hesperia (Greene) W. A. Weber & Á. Löve Phytologia 49: 47. 1981. Debra K. Trock Common names: Western ragwort EndemicConservation

Club 28: 234. 1901 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 49. Leaves: basal 20–50 × 10–25 cm, blades pinnately compound to pinnatifid (basal

subspeciesDelphinium carolinianum subsp. vimineum (D. Don) M. J. Warnock Syst. Bot. 6: 49. 1981. Michael J. Warnock Common names: Pine woods larkspur blue larkspur Gulf

genusPackera speciesPackera cardamine (Greene) W. A. Weber & Á. Löve Phytologia 49: 46. 1981. Debra K. Trock Common names: Bittercress ragwort IllustratedEndemicConservation

genusPackera speciesPackera breweri (Burtt Davy) W. A. Weber & Á. Löve Phytologia 49: 46. 1981. Debra K. Trock Common names: Brewer’s ragwort Endemic Basionym:

speciesAmbrosia monogyra (Torrey & A. Gray) Strother & B. G. Baldwin Madroño 49: 143. 2002. John L. Strother Basionym: Hymenoclea monogyra Torrey & A. Gray

Griffin III Basionym: Bartramia calcarea Bruch & Schimper Bryol. Europ. 4: 49, plate 325. 1842 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 28. Treatment on page 111

appressed, ascending, green, linear-lanceolate to narrowly lanceolate, 1.8–2.1 × 0.49–0.56 mm; abaxial ridges prominent; base cuneate and decurrent to slightly

Vernae speciesIris verna varietyIris verna var. smalliana Fernald Rhodora 49: 214. 1947. Norlan C. Henderson Common names: Upland violet iris Endemic Treatment

LAYOUT:treatment:TUOYAL familyHypnaceae genusHypnum speciesHypnum procerrimum Molendo Flora 49: 458. 1866. Wilfred B. Schofield† Synonyms: Pseudostereodon procerrimus (Molendo)

sectionCarex sect. Vesicariae speciesCarex tuckermanii Dewey Amer. J. Sci. Arts 49: 48, plate Ff, fig. 117. 1845. A. A. Reznicek, Bruce A. Ford Common names:

enneacanthus forma brevispinus W. O. Moore Brittonia 19: 93, figs. 1, 16–19, 34, 37, 38, 49. 1967 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 4. Treatment on page 162. Mentioned

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 8. Treatment on page 68. Mentioned on page 49, 51. Plants solitary or in clusters, with bulbils on caudices, or short-rhizomatous

varietySullivantia hapemanii var. purpusii (Brandegee) Soltis Brittonia 43: 49. 1991,. Douglas E. Soltis Endemic Basionym: Boykinia purpusii Brandegee Bot

429--445. Silba, J. 1981. Revision of Cupressus L. (Cupressaceae). Phytologia 49: 390--399. Wolf, C. B. 1948. Taxonomic and distributional studies of the New

veins on faces. > 49 48 Perigynia with more than 12 veins. > 50 49 Base of plant red, often very dark. Carex sect. Hymenochlaenae 49 Base of plant brown

varietyMirabilis multiflora var. glandulosa (Standley) J. F. Macbride Contr. Gray Herb. 49: 49. 1917. Richard W. Spellenberg Endemic Basionym: Quamoclidion multiflorum

apices acute; paleas scabrous over the keels; anthers 1.3-1.8 mm. 2n = 35, 42, 49, 50, 56, 84. Generated Map Legacy Map Conn., N.J., N.Y., Wash., W.Va., Del

usually cymose racemes or cymose-panicles, sometimes flowers solitary, (1–) 7–49-flowered, proximal 2, 4, or 6 flowers often in axils of nearly normal to much

Rosa sectionRosa sect. Caninae speciesRosa sherardii Davies Welsh Botanol., 49. 1813. Walter H. Lewis, Barbara Ertter, Anne Bruneau Common names: Sherard’s

Merrill Basionym: Polytrichadelphus lyallii Mitten J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 8: 49, plate 8. 1864 Synonyms: Polytrichastrum lyallii (Mitten) G. L. Smith Polytrichum

Acetosa speciesRumex paucifolius Nuttall J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 7: 49. 1834. Sergei L. Mosyakin Common names: Alpine sheep sorrel IllustratedEndemic

tabernaemontani (C. C. Gmelin) Palla Verh. K. K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 38(Sitzungsber.): 49. 1888. S. Galen Smith Common names: Soft-stem bulrush great bulrush scirpe

extending to costa; proximal laminal cells usually elongate, pitted, (14–) 24–36 (–49) × (2–) 4–6 (–9) µm; distal laminal cells short-rectangular, quadrate, rounded

willow IllustratedEndemic Treatment appears in FNA Volume 7. Treatment on page 49. Mentioned on page 27, 39. Illustrator: John Myers Copyright: Flora of North

lateral spikes barely scaberulous or smooth; peduncles of terminal spike 2.4–49 mm, barely to much exceeding lateral spikes; proximal bract sheaths tight

IllustratedEndemic Basionym: Carex bicknellii var. opaca F. J. Hermann Sida 5: 49. 1972 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 23. Treatment on page 375. Mentioned

mm, apex acute, awn 0–2.2 mm. Perigynia distichously imbricate, prominently 49–66-veined, slightly inflated, narrowly obovate in outline, obtusely trigonous

(1–) 4–13 (–18) per areole, appressed to slightly projecting, (3–) 5–40 (–49) mm; central spines 0–6 per areole, spreading to projecting outward, terete

genusSyntrichia speciesSyntrichia papillosissima (Coppey) Loeske Hedwigia 49: 44. 1910,. Brent D. Mishler Basionym: Barbula papillosissima Coppey Bull

Cephalophilon speciesPersicaria nepalensis (Meisner) H. Gross Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 49: 277. 1913. Harold R. Hinds†, Craig C. Freeman Introduced Basionym: Polygonum

Argenteae speciesAtriplex klebergorum M. C. Johnston SouthW. Naturalist 6: 49. 1961. Stanley L. Welsh Common names: Kleberg orach EndemicConservation concern

genusPackera speciesPackera anonyma (Alph. Wood) W. A. Weber & Á. Löve Phytologia 49: 45. 1981. Debra K. Trock Common names: Small’s ragwort IllustratedEndemic

genusPackera speciesPackera cana (Hooker) W. A. Weber & Á. Löve Phytologia 49: 46. 1981. Debra K. Trock Common names: Woolly groundsel IllustratedEndemic

sectionRudbeckia sect. Macrocline speciesRudbeckia auriculata (Perdue) Kral Rhodora 77: 49. 1975. Lowell E. Urbatsch, Patricia B. Cox Common names: Alabama or eared

needlelike trichomes. Bracts: margins pinnate. Flowers: petals white, 22.6–49 × 3.6–10.3 mm, apex acute, glabrous abaxially, stamens white, 5 outermost

speciesOxyrrhynchium hians (Hedwig) Loeske Verh. Bot. Vereins Prov. Brandenburg 49: 59. 1907. Michael S. Ignatov Illustrated Basionym: Hypnum hians Hedwig Sp

eyelash grass Endemic Treatment appears in FNA Volume 25. Treatment on page 49. Illustrator: Karen Klitz, Linda A. Vorobik Copyright: Utah State University

appears in FNA Volume 27. Treatment on page 52. Mentioned on page 19, 30, 49, 50, 53, 92, 94, 96. Plants moderate-sized to robust, somewhat lax in shade-forms

Involucres narrowly to broadly campanulate, 9–12 × 4–10 mm. Phyllaries 31–49 in 5–6+ series (midstripes green or reddish), broadly ovate (outermost) to

sectionCarex sect. Heleoglochin speciesCarex diandra Schrank Cent. Bot. Anmerk., 57 [49]. 1781. Theodore S. Cochrane Common names: Carex diandre Illustrated Treatment

Arabideae genusArabis speciesArabis patens Sullivant Amer. J. Sci. Arts 42: 49. 1842. Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz Endemic Synonyms: Boechera patens (Sullivant) Al-Shehbaz

Basionym: Kallstroemia hirsuta L. O. Williams Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 22: 49, plate 4. 1935 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 12. Treatment on page 42. Mentioned

genusPackera speciesPackera fendleri (A. Gray) W. A. Weber & Á. Löve Phytologia 49: 46. 1981. Debra K. Trock Common names: Fendler’s ragwort Endemic Basionym:

speciesPersicaria capitata (Buchanan-Hamilton ex D. Don) H. Gross Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 49: 277. 1913. Harold R. Hinds†, Craig C. Freeman Common names: Pink-head knotweed

Cephalophilon speciesPersicaria chinensis (Linnaeus) H. Gross Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 49: 269. 1913. Harold R. Hinds†, Craig C. Freeman Common names: Chinese knotweed

longest or all ± equal, antrorse, straight to upcurved; hairy. Leaves: blade 20–49 (–57) × 4.2–19 mm, widest intersinus distance 1.1–5.3 mm; proximal oblanceolate

genusSchistidium speciesSchistidium crassipilum H. H. Blom Bryophyt. Biblioth. 49: 224, fig. 90. 1996,. Terry T. McIntosh Treatment appears in FNA Volume 27

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 27. Treatment on page 50. Mentioned on page 49, 51, 53, 80, 84, 85, 92, 94, 97, 98, 101. Plants moderate-sized to robust

glabrous or short-villous to softly puberulent. 2n = 34, 42, 44, 47, 48, ca. 49, 50, 56, 60, 63, 64, 65, 70, 75, 78. Poa glauca subsp. glauca is the widespread

modified florets. 2n = 21, 28, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 37, 39, 42+1, 44, 46, 48, 49. Poa bulbosa subsp. vivipara was introduced from Europe into the Pacific Northwest

Betuloideae genusAlnus speciesAlnus rhombifolia Nuttall N. Amer. Sylv. 1: 49. 1842. John J. Furlow Common names: White alder California alder Endemic Synonyms:

lobes 5-24, width 2-6 mm (basal), 1-3 mm (cauline). Inflorescences 15-30 (-49) -flowered; pedicel 1-2 (-3.6) cm, puberulent; bracteoles 1-5 mm from flowers

genusSchistidium speciesSchistidium frigidum H. H. Blom Bryophyt. Biblioth. 49: 181, fig. 70. 1996,. Terry T. McIntosh Treatment appears in FNA Volume 27

genusArabis speciesArabis crucisetosa Constance & Rollins Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 49: 147. 1936. Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz Endemic Treatment appears in FNA Volume 7

genusPackera speciesPackera hartiana (A. Heller) W. A. Weber & Á. Löve Phytologia 49: 47. 1981. Debra K. Trock Common names: Hart’s ragwort Endemic Basionym: Senecio

genusPackera speciesPackera cynthioides (Greene) W. A. Weber & Á. Löve Phytologia 49: 46. 1981. Debra K. Trock Common names: White Mountain ragwort Endemic Basionym:

genusSchistidium speciesSchistidium subjulaceum H. H. Blom Bryophyt. Biblioth. 49: 161, fig. 61. 1996,. Terry T. McIntosh Treatment appears in FNA Volume 27

Richard H. Zander Basionym: Barbula inaequalifolia Taylor London J. Bot. 5: 49. 1846 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 27. Treatment on page 567. Mentioned

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 27. Treatment on page 51. Mentioned on page 49, 52, 53, 92. Plants moderate-sized to robust, capitulum typically flat, ±

Bigelow’s desertgrass Treatment appears in FNA Volume 25. Treatment on page 49. Illustrator: Karen Klitz, Linda A. Vorobik Copyright: Utah State University

distally. Ray-florets 10–13; laminae elliptic, 5–8 × 1–3 mm. Disc-florets 41–49; corollas narrowly funnelform, 5.5–7.5 (–8.2) mm, exceeding involucres, lobes

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 28. Treatment on page 50. Mentioned on page 49. Plants 0.5–2.3 cm. Stem-leaves loosely erect-appressed and ± loosely twisted

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 28. Treatment on page 70. Mentioned on page 49, 52, 59, 71. Illustrator: Patricia M. Eckel Copyright: Flora of North America

differentiated; basal laminal cells in 15–18 rows, hyaline, thin-walled, rectangular, 49–95 × 4–20 µm, narrower at margins; distal laminal cells elongate, 74–140 ×

Caryophyllales I: Re-evaluation of classification of Phytolaccaceae s.l. Syst. Bot. 10: 49–63. Carlquist, S. 2000. Wood and bark anatomy of Achatocarpaceae. Sida 19:

Developmental origins of floral bilateral symmetry in Moringaceae. Amer. J. Bot. 90: 49–71. Verdcourt, B. 1985. A synopsis of the Moringaceae. Kew Bull. 40: 1–-23

villosa var. sierrablancensis Semple Rev. Heterotheca Phyllotheca, 147, fig. 49. 1996. John C. Semple Common names: White Mountains hairy goldenaster Treatment

Organization for Flora Neotropica. 1968+. Flora Neotropica. 109+ nos. New York. No. 49, pp. 1–108. Simpson, B. B. 1991. The past and present uses of rhatany (Krameria

palm. J. New York Bot. Gard. 38: 49--58. Zanoni, T. A. 1991. The royal palm on the island of Hispaniola. Principes 35: 49--54. Zona, S. 1991. Notes on Roystonea

FNA Volume 9. Treatment on page 50. Mentioned on page 34, 35, 38, 39, 41, 49, 53, 56. Shrubs, 10–30 dm, armed. Stems biennial, erect to arching, glabrous

> 48 49 Spikelets 2.4-5 mm wide; glumes 1.7-4 mm long; lemmas 2-6 mm long, the apices usually acuminate or attenuate Eragrostis secundiflora 49 Spikelets

= 12. ne North America, Europe Species 1. Until recently, Bartsia included 49 species distributed in North America, South America, Eurasia, and Africa (U

Smith's buckthorn Endemic Treatment appears in FNA Volume 12. Treatment on page 49. Mentioned on page 46. Shrubs, 1–3 m, unarmed. Branchlets greenish to brown

genusHymenothrix speciesHymenothrix loomisii S. F. Blake Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 40: 49. 1927. John L. Strother Endemic Treatment appears in FNA Volume 21. Treatment

speciesClarkia borealis subspeciesClarkia borealis subsp. arida E. Small Canad. J. Bot. 49: 1215, figs. 2B, 3B. 1971. Harlan Lewis†, Peter C. Hoch Common names: Shasta

Sida 11: 378. 1986. John L. Strother Basionym: Dyssodia texana Cory Rhodora 49: 162. 1947 Synonyms: Dyssodia tenuiloba var. texana (Cory) Strother Treatment

V. Moran Basionym: Sedum rosea var. leedyi Rosendahl & J. W. Moore Rhodora 49: 198, plate 1086. 1947 Synonyms: Sedum rosea subsp. leedyi (Rosendahl & J

genusFlourensia speciesFlourensia pringlei (A. Gray) S. F. Blake Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 49: 375. 1913. John L. Strother Basionym: Helianthella pringlei A. Gray Proc

The taxonomic position of the genera Telephium and Corrigiola. Taxon 36: 47–49. Vogel, A. 1997. Die Verbreitung, Vergesellschaftung und Populationsökologie

when present 1.5-2.3 (3) mm; ovaries rarely present, apices glabrous. 2n = 49, 50, 63. Festuca prolifera is often abundant, and may be a dominant component

0–3 mm; pistillate moderately densely flowered, slender to subglobose, 15.5–49 × 8–18 mm, flowering branchlet 1–6 mm; floral bract brown or bicolor, 0.8–1

pubescent as basal or adaxially also with simple trichomes. Racemes (10–) 16–49 (–61) -flowered, ebracteate, elongated in fruit; rachis not flexuous, pubescent

differentiated, not extending to costa; proximal laminal cells elongate, pitted, (30–) 49–68 (–101) × (5–) 10–11 (–15) µm, abruptly shorter in distal half of leaf;

in proximal 1/5–1/3, 0.7–1.2 mm. Achenes 1.1–1.5 mm. 2n = 56, 63; 28, 42, 49, 70 (Asia, Europe). Phenology: Flowering summer. Habitat: Well-drained, exposed

thick. Culms purple-red to 4.8–8.1 cm at base, 24–53 cm; vegetative shoots 28–49 cm, 0.5–1.3 times as tall as culms. Leaves green, widest blades 2.1–4 mm wide

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 7. Treatment on page 50. Mentioned on page 24, 39, 49. Stems: branches glabrous or glabrescent; branchlets yellowbrown, redbrown

rounded and densely lanate to tomentose; widespread > 49 49 Perianths usually hairy abaxially > 50 49 Perianths glabrous > 52 50 Plants matted; leaf blades

layer of common to abundant short and/or stiff crisped hairs. 2n = 28; 42, 49, 56, 70 (Asia). Phenology: Flowering spring–summer. Habitat: Well-drained

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 28. Treatment on page 55. Mentioned on page 49, 60. Plants to 0.5 cm. Stem-leaves stiff, erect-appressed when dry, ovate-oblong

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 28. Treatment on page 69. Mentioned on page 49. Plants 0.5–1 cm. Stem-leaves stiff, erect-appressed or slightly flexuose

Endemic Basionym: Lygodesmia doloresensis Tomb Syst. Bot. Monogr. 1: 48, fig. 49. 1980 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 19. Treatment on page 372. Mentioned

Leptosyne speciesCoreopsis stillmanii (A. Gray) S. F. Blake Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 49: 342. 1913. John L. Strother Basionym: Leptosyne stillmanii A. Gray J. Acad

speciesPackera millefolium (Torrey & A. Gray) W. A. Weber & Á. Löve Phytologia 49: 47. 1981. Debra K. Trock Common names: Piedmont ragwort IllustratedEndemicConservation

genusPackera speciesPackera macounii (Greene) W. A. Weber & Á. Löve Phytologia 49: 47. 1981. Debra K. Trock Common names: Siskiyou Mountain ragwort Endemic

var. glabrata Gleason Treatment appears in FNA Volume 12. Treatment on page 49. Mentioned on page 46. Shrubs, 0.5–2 (–4) m, unarmed. Branchlets greenish

feuilles d'aulne Endemic Treatment appears in FNA Volume 12. Treatment on page 49. Mentioned on page 46, 50. Shrubs, 0.5–1 (–1.5) m, unarmed. Branchlets gray

varietyPackera neomexicana var. mutabilis (Greene) W. A. Weber & Á. Löve Phytologia 49: 47. 1981. Debra K. Trock Endemic Basionym: Senecio mutabilis Greene Pittonia

Tridentatae speciesArtemisia rigida (Nuttall) A. Gray Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 19: 49. 1883. Leila M. Shultz Common names: Scabland sagebrush Endemic Basionym:

speciesLiatris ohlingerae (S. F. Blake) B. L. Robinson Contr. Gray Herb. 104: 49. 1934. Guy L. Nesom Common names: Florida gayfeather sandtorch Endemic Basionym:

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 8. Treatment on page 66. Mentioned on page 49, 51, 65, 67. Plants solitary or in clumps, with bulbils on caudices. Leaves

speciesRhynchospora floridensis (Britton) H. Pfeiffer Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 49: 82. 1940. Robert Kral Illustrated Basionym: Dichromena floridensis Britton

sparsely, obscurely glandular; inner phyllaries 3.2–4.5 mm. Ray-florets 15–49; corollas 6–10 mm. Disc corollas 3.5–4 (–5) mm. 2n = 18. Phenology: Flowering

varietyPenstemon clevelandii var. connatus Munz & I. M. Johnston Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 49: 357. 1923. Craig C. Freeman Endemic Synonyms: Penstemon clevelandii subsp

genusPackera speciesPackera millelobata (Rydberg) W. A. Weber & Á. Löve Phytologia 49: 47. 1981. Debra K. Trock Common names: Uinta ragwort Basionym: Senecio millelobatus Rydberg

shiny), ovatelanceolate to lanceolate, glabrous. Pistillate florets (25–) 30–49. Bisexual florets (1–) 3–6. Cypselae ridged, papillate-roughened. Phenology:

keel and slight apiculum), tomentose (at least bases). Pistillate florets 29–49. Bisexual florets 5–9. Cypselae ridged, smooth to weakly papillate-roughened

genusSageretia speciesSageretia thea (Osbeck) M. C. Johnston J. Arnold Arbor. 49. 378. 1968. Guy L. Nesom Common names: Pauper's or Chinese tea Introduced

genusPackera speciesPackera ionophylla (Greene) W. A. Weber & Á. Löve Phytologia 49: 47. 1981. Debra K. Trock Common names: Tehachapi ragwort EndemicConservation

genusPackera speciesPackera layneae (Greene) W. A. Weber & Á. Löve Phytologia 49: 47. 1981. Debra K. Trock Common names: Layne’s ragwort EndemicConservation

genusPackera speciesPackera schweinitziana (Nuttall) W. A. Weber & Á. Löve Phytologia 49: 48. 1981. Debra K. Trock Common names: Schweinitz’s ragwort Endemic Basionym:

speciesSolidago ulmifolia varietySolidago ulmifolia var. palmeri Cronquist Rhodora 49: 78. 1947. John C. Semple, Rachel E. Cook Common names: Palmer’s elm-leaf

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 28. Treatment on page 59. Mentioned on page 49. Plants to 1.5 cm. Stem-leaves stiff, erect-appressed when dry, narrowly lanceolate

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 28. Treatment on page 67. Mentioned on page 49. Plants to 1.5 cm. Stem-leaves rigid, erect when dry, ligulate to elliptic-lanceolate

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 8. Treatment on page 69. Mentioned on page 49, 51, 70. Plants solitary or in groups, with bulbils on caudices. Leaves basal;

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 8. Treatment on page 57. Mentioned on page 49, 50, 53. Plants tufted or mat-forming, with ± branched caudices or stolonlike

molecular phylogeny of Tropaeolaceae and its systematic implications. Taxon 49: 721–736. Tropaeolum window.propertiesFromHigherTaxa=[];

sistematike roda Suaeda Forssk. i tri’by Suaedeae Rchnb. Sovetsk. Bot. 5: 39–49. Schenk, H. J. and W. R. Ferren Jr. 2001. On the sectional nomenclature of

Volume 7. Treatment on page 46. Mentioned on page 36, 37, 39, 42, 43, 47, 48, 49. Illustrator: John Myers Copyright: Flora of North America Association Shrubs

Balsamorhiza terebinthacea and other hybrid balsam-roots. Madroño 12: 47–49. Balsamorhiza subg. Artorhiza, Balsamorhiza subg. Balsamorhiza "broader" is

strongly coherent, separating with torus attached. 2n = 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49, 56, 63. Phenology: Flowering Mar–Jun. Habitat: Woodlands, savannas, pine

1977. The Lycopodium obscurum complex in North America. Amer. Fern J. 67: 45--49. Wagner, W. H. Jr., J. M. Beitel, and R. C. Moran. 1989. Lycopodium hickeyi:

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 27. Treatment on page 53. Mentioned on page 49, 51, 52, 84, 89, 93, 94, 96. Plants moderate-sized to fairly robust; strong-stemmed

genusSchistidium speciesSchistidium grandirete H. H. Blom Bryophyt. Biblioth. 49: 50, fig. 7. 1996,. Terry T. McIntosh Treatment appears in FNA Volume 27.

1979,. Richard H. Zander Basionym: Barbula replicata Taylor London J. Bot. 5: 49, plate 15, fig. c. 1846 Synonyms: Barbula spiralis Müller Hal. Tortula spiralis (Müller

speciesSchistidium robustum (Nees & Hornschuch) H. H. Blom Bryophyt. Biblioth. 49: 149. 1996,. Terry T. McIntosh Basionym: Grimmia robusta Nees & Hornschuch

retrorsa (A. Heller) Jepson Treatment appears in FNA Volume 4. Treatment on page 49. Mentioned on page 47. Stems usually many, clumped, often glabrous or glabrate

Steve L. O’Kane Jr. Basionym: Lesquerella latifolia A. Nelson Bot. Gaz. 42: 49. 1906 Synonyms: Lesquerella barnebyi Maguire Lesquerella kingii subsp. latifolia (A

bastard-sage Basionym: Eriogonum nodosum Small Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 25: 49. 1898 Synonyms: Eriogonum pringlei J. M. Coulter & E. M. Fischer Eriogonum

varietyPotentilla glaucophylla var. perdissecta (Rydberg) Soják Thaiszia 16: 49. 2006. Barbara Ertter, James L. Reveal Conservation concernEndemic Basionym:

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 28. Treatment on page 60. Mentioned on page 49, 61, 64, 69. Plants 0.4–1.4 cm. Stem-leaves stiff, loosely erect-appressed

ovalifolium var. depressum Blankinship Sci. Stud. Montana Coll. Agric., Bot. 1: 49. 1905. James L. Reveal Common names: Dwarf cushion wild buckwheat Endemic

genusPackera speciesPackera werneriifolia (A. Gray) W. A. Weber & Á. Löve Phytologia 49: 48. 1981. Debra K. Trock Common names: Hoary groundsel Endemic Basionym:

speciesPackera multilobata (Torrey & A. Gray) W. A. Weber & Á. Löve Phytologia 49: 47. 1981. Debra K. Trock Common names: Lobeleaf Groundsel Endemic Basionym:

sparsely invested with unicellular, gland-tipped hairs. Spores spiny, usually 49–60 µm. 2n = 252. Phenology: Sporulating summer–fall. Habitat: Cracks and ledges

sheaths, flexible, drooping, green; rachises terete, puberulent. Fascicles 24-49 per cm; fascicle axes 0.4-0.5 mm, with 1 spikelet; most bristles only slightly

as wide as high. Glumes and lemmas smooth or scabrous near the apices. 2n = 49, 56. Festuca viviparoidea subsp. viviparoidea is circumpolar and found in

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 27. Treatment on page 54. Mentioned on page 49, 80. Plants ± moderate-sized, compact and stiff-stemmed; forming dense to

subgenusDudleya subg. Dudleya speciesDudleya gnoma S. W. McCabe Madroño 44: 49, fig. 1. 1997 ,. Reid V. Moran Common names: Munchkin dudleya Treatment appears

apex obtuse to acute; cauline (2 or) 3–5 (–8) pairs, petiolate or sessile, 49–90 × 5–15 mm, blade lanceolate, base tapered, truncate, or clasping, margins

fasciculatum var. flavoviride Munz & I. M. Johnston Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 49: 350. 1923. James L. Reveal Common names: Sonoran Desert California buckwheat

blazingstar Endemic Basionym: Nuttallia marginata Osterhout Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 49: 183. 1922 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 12. Treatment on page 506. Mentioned

genusPackera speciesPackera plattensis (Nuttall) W. A. Weber & Á. Löve Phytologia 49: 48. 1981. Debra K. Trock Common names: Prairie groundsel Endemic Basionym:

varietyErigeron uniflorus var. eriocephalus (J. Vahl) B. Boivin Phytologia 23: 49. 1972. Guy L. Nesom Common names: Vergerette à capitules laineux Basionym:

Strother Basionym: Agassizia suavis A. Gray & Engelmann Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 1: 49. 1847 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 426. Mentioned

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 27. Treatment on page 53. Mentioned on page 49, 51, 52, 84, 92. Plants moderate-sized to robust, strong-stemmed, lax to somewhat

styles persistent. Caryopses 2-3 mm, rarely maturing. 2n = 36, 42, 44, 46, 48, 49-54, 72, 84, 96, 120. Generated Map Legacy Map Conn., N.J., N.Y., Wash., Va

Copyright: Utah State University Plants not cespitose, rhizomatous. Culms 27-49 cm, glabrous; lowest internode plus sheath 3-8 mm thick. Sheaths glabrous;

speciesCarex straminea Willdenow in C. Schkuhr in C. Schkuhr, Beschr. Riedgräs. 1: 49, plate G, fig. 34. 1801. Joy Mastrogiuseppe, Paul E. Rothrock, A. C. Dibble

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 28. Treatment on page 68. Mentioned on page 49, 69. Plants 0.3–0.8 cm. Stem-leaves stiff, loosely erect-appressed when dry

speciesPackera sanguisorboides (Rydberg) W. A. Weber & Á. Löve Phytologia 49: 48. 1981. Debra K. Trock Common names: Burnet ragwort Endemic Basionym: Senecio

speciesPackera obovata (Muhlenberg ex Willdenow) W. A. Weber & Á. Löve Phytologia 49: 47. 1981. Debra K. Trock Common names: Roundleaf ragwort Basionym: Senecio

Linda A. Vorobik Copyright: Utah State University Plants cespitose. Culms 49-90 cm, not rooting or branching at the lower nodes. Leaves usually completely

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 6. Treatment on page 57. Mentioned on page 49, 51, 58. Plants annual or short-lived perennial; roots taproots. Stems prostrate

ovalifolium varietyEriogonum ovalifolium var. monarchense D. A. York Madroño 49: 16, fig. 1. 2002. James L. Reveal Common names: Monarch wild buckwheat Treatment

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 6. Treatment on page 56. Mentioned on page 49, 50, 57. Peduncles in fruit terete, not prominently ribbed, expanded along

genusPackera speciesPackera tridenticulata (Rydberg) W. A. Weber & Á. Löve Phytologia 49: 48. 1981. Debra K. Trock Common names: Threetooth ragwort Endemic Basionym:

not papillate-swollen proximally, 1 mm. Achenes 1.5–2 mm. 2n = 28, 35, 42, 49, 56, 63, 70, 84 (Europe). Phenology: Flowering spring–early summer. Habitat:

(hairs (42–270) /mm2), eglandular or sparsely stipitate-glandular (glands 20–49/mm2). Heads 1–18 (–39), in congested to open, usually corymbiform, sometimes

isodiametric cells, often surpassing mature sporangia. Spores averaging 43–49 µm. 2n = 152. Phenology: Sporulating late spring–fall. Habitat: Shaded ledges

speciesHelianthus simulans E. Watson Pap. Michigan Acad. Sci. 9: 363, plate 49. 1929. Edward E. Schilling Common names: Muck sunflower Endemic Treatment

straight or geniculate at maturity; anthers about 2 mm. 2n = 28 (35, 42, 49). Generated Map Legacy Map N.H., N.J., Wash., Del., N.C., Calif., Oreg., N

genusSchistidium speciesSchistidium pulchrum H. H. Blom Bryophyt. Biblioth. 49: 119, fig. 41. 1996,. Terry T. McIntosh Treatment appears in FNA Volume 27

genusSchistidium speciesSchistidium frisvollianum H. H. Blom Bryophyt. Biblioth. 49: 87, fig. 25. 1996,. Terry T. McIntosh Treatment appears in FNA Volume 27

genusSchistidium speciesSchistidium venetum H. H. Blom Bryophyt. Biblioth. 49: 192, fig. 76. 1996,. Terry T. McIntosh Treatment appears in FNA Volume 27

as the glumes, usually puberulent; anthers 1.6-2.3 mm. 2n = 42 (21, 35, 36, 49, 56, 63, 70, 84). Generated Map Legacy Map Conn., N.J., N.Y., Wash., Del.

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 28. Treatment on page 63. Mentioned on page 49, 54, 55, 64, 69. Plants to 0.5 cm. Stem-leaves stiff, loosely erect-appressed

buckwheat Endemic Basionym: Eriogonum phoeniceum L. M. Shultz Harvard Pap. Bot. 3: 49, fig. 1. 1998 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 5. Treatment on page 246. Mentioned

46-80 per ovary; cauline leaves 3-16, blades with auricles 0.5-1.5 mm > 49 49 Distal cauline leaf blades with surfaces pubescent; petals white; stems proximally

Leaves 25–55 cm × 6–12 mm, blade bluish green; terminal raceme (8–)12–35(–49) cm; flowers (20–)30–36(–46) per 10 cm of raceme; tepals purplish black with

1922. Commelinantia, a new genus of the Commelinaceae. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 49: 269--275. Tinantia anomala window.propertiesFromHigherTaxa=[{"rank":"family"

ultrastructural features of the seagrass Phyllospadix scouleri Hook. Aquatic Bot. 49: 167--182. None. window.propertiesFromHigherTaxa=[{"rank":"genus","name":"Phyllospadix"

morphological variation and a taxonomic revision of C. arcticum Lange s.l. Taxon 49: 189–216. Good, D. A. 1984. Revision of the Mexican and Central American species

by consensus chloroplast SSR marker length and sequence variation. Genome 49: 219–229. Ghebretinsae, A. G., M. Thulin, and J. C. Barber. 2007. Relationships

4 4 Blades ovate to lanceolate, usually widest above base; spores usually 49-60 µm; ne North America. Cystopteris laurentiana 4 Blades deltate to narrowly

Anoectangium handelii (Bryopsida, Pottiaceae) in the New World. Bryologist 108: 47–49. None. window.propertiesFromHigherTaxa=[{"rank":"genus","name":"Anoectangium"

et al., eds. 1905+. North American Flora…. 47+ vols. New York. Vol. 33, pp. 49–50. Kirkman, L. K. 1981. Taxonomic revision of Centratherum and Phyllocephalum

usually ovate, rarely oblong or elliptic, margins finely serrulate; petioles 15–49 mm; involucral glands 1(–3); ovaries glabrous; caruncles absent or rudimentary

the Zingiberales with special reference to their taxonomy. Cytologia 35: 13--49. Mc Miege, J. 1960. Troisième liste de nombres chromosomiques d'espèces d'Afrique

hispidulous or softly puberulent; anthers 1.5-2.5 mm. 2n = 42, 43, 44, 45, ca. 46, 49, 56, ca. 58, 63, ca. 64, ca. 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, ca. 71, ca. 72, ca. 73

the Schistidium apocarpum complex in Norway and Sweden. Bryophyt. Biblioth. 49. Blom, H. H. 1998. Schistidium. In: E. Nyholm. 1986+. Illustrated Flora of

spines with darker, usually chalky blue tips), glabrous; radial spines (27–) 37–49 per areole, white or pale tan, bristlelike, 3–6 × 0.05–0.1 mm, stiff, contrasting

genusDraba speciesDraba zionensis C. L. Hitchcock Revis. Drabas W. N. Amer., 49, plate 2, fig. 16. 1941. Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz, Michael D. Windham, Reidar Elven

speciesPackera streptanthifolia (Greene) W. A. Weber & Á. Löve Phytologia 49: 48. 1981. Debra K. Trock Common names: Rocky Mountain groundsel Endemic Basionym:

elliptic-ovate to broadly ovate, suborbicular, or depressed-ovate, (5–) 10–49 (–80) × (3–) 10–25 (–60) mm, as long as wide or wider than long, proximals

± papillate-swollen in proximal 1/3–1/2, 0.8–1 mm. Achenes 1–1.3 mm. 2n = 49. Phenology: Flowering summer. Habitat: Moist rocky slopes and flats, in montane

papillate-swollen in proximal 1/5–1/3, 0.9–1 mm. Achenes 1.2–1.8 mm. 2n = 42, 49 (Russian Far East). Phenology: Flowering summer. Habitat: Dry tundra meadows

papillate-swollen on proximal 1/5 (–1/3), 0.9–1.1 mm. Achenes 1.2–2 mm. 2n = 28, 42, 49, 56 (Russian Far East). Phenology: Flowering late spring to summer. Habitat:

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 6. Treatment on page 57. Mentioned on page 49, 50, 53. Plants annual; roots taproots or fibrous. Stems creeping or climbing

distinctly papillate-swollen at very base, 1–1.1 mm. Achenes 1.1–1.5 mm. 2n = 42, 49, 56. Phenology: Flowering summer. Habitat: Gravelly dry tundra, dry ridges

speciesEriogonum gypsophilum Wooton & Standley Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 16: 118, plate 49. 1913. James L. Reveal Common names: Seven River Hills or gypsum wild buckwheat

not papillate-swollen proximally, 1–1.6 mm. Achenes 1.2 mm. 2n = 42; 28, 35, 49 (Europe). Phenology: Flowering spring–summer. Habitat: Herb meadows and slopes

and Santa Barbara islands Malacothrix foliosa 8 Calyculi 0; phyllaries 31–49 in 5–6+ series, hyaline margins 0.6–1 mm wide; Anacapa and Santa Cruz islands

abundance of 2 repetitive sequences in Leymus and Psathyrostachys species. Genome 49:511-519 Zhang, H.B. and J. Dvorak. 1991. The genome origin of tetraploid species

= 84), although various other numbers have been reported (2n = 14, 21, 28, 49, 56), mainly from Europe. Morphological differences include achenes tuberculate

sect. Leptosyne has been misattributed to S. F. Blake, Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 49: 341. 1913. None. Coreopsis californica, Coreopsis douglasii, Coreopsis stillmanii

occurrence of turions in Hydrilla verticillata Presl. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 49: 802--804. Shireman, J. V. , and M. J. Maceina. 1981. The utilization of grass

and B. G. Baldwin. 2002. Hymenocleas are ambrosias (Compositae). Madroño 49: 143–144. Ambrosia acanthicarpa, Ambrosia ambrosioides, Ambrosia artemisiifolia

gland-dotted Euthamia graminifolia 4 Leaf blades linear to lanceolate, lengths 12–49 times widths, gradually reduced distally, faces abundantly and prominently

1965. Chromosome numbers in some Mexican grasses. Bol. Soc. Bot. Mexico 29:49-62 Hitchcock, A.S. 1935. Manual of the Grasses of the United States. U.S.

remarks upon the northern Mexican populations. Cact. Succ. J. (Los Angeles) 49: 23–34, 51–62. Mammillaria wrightii var. wilcoxii, Mammillaria wrightii var

Ecological studies of the cabbage palm, Sabal palmetto. Principes 20: 3--10, 49--56, 98--115, 148--157. None. window.propertiesFromHigherTaxa=[{"rank":"genus"

A biosystematic study on Echinochloa oryzoides (Ard.) Fritsch. Cytologia 49:673-678 Yabuno, T. and H. Yamaguchi. 1996. Hie no hakubut-sugaku [A natural

1965. A taxonomic revision of Ariocarpus. Cact. Succ. J. (Los Angeles) 37: 39–49. Anderson, E. F. and W. A. Fitz Maurice. 1997. Ariocarpus revisited. Haseltonia

Resurrection of a century-old species distinction in Calamagrostis. Madrono 49:169-177. Calamagrostis bolanderi, Calamagrostis breweri, Calamagrostis cainii

11. Temperate to tropical regions of w United States and Mexico Species ca. 49 (23 in the flora). Echinocereus was treated as a distinct North American tribe

K. and H. Mathiesen. 1953. Luzula wahlenbergii in Greenland. Bot. Tidsskr. 49: 233--238. Jørgensen, C. A., T. JH. Sørensen, and M. Westergaard. 1958. The

intergeneric hybrid between Oryzopsis bymenoides and Stipa viridula. Amer. J. Bot. 30:49-56. ×achnella caduca "decumbent" is not a number."+timesthewidths" is not

acicularis plants or hybrids with hexaploid subsp. sayi individuals, forming 2n = 49 septaploids. None. None. "thin" is not a number."dm" is not declared as a

Isles. Spergula arvensis L. (S. sativa Boenn., S. vulgaris Boenn.). J. Ecol. 49: 205–215. None. "/4-1timesaslongassepals" is not declared as a valid unit

weeds. 12. Phragmites australis Trin. ex Steud. J. Austral. Inst. Agric. Sci. 49:123-132 Koyama, T. 1987. Grasses of Japan and Its Neighboring Regions: An

sistematico e fitogeografico di Lagurus ovatus L. Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n.s., 49:133-204 Vergagno Gambi, O. 1965. Osservazioni sullo sviluppo di Lagurus ovatus

Baldini, R.M. 1995. Revision of the genus Phalaris L. (Gramineae). Webbia 49:265-329 Merigliano, M.E and P. Lesica. 1998. The native status of reed canarygrass

Sarcobatus (Caryophyllales): Systematic and ecological implications. Taxon 49: 27–34. Sanderson, S. C., H. C. Stutz, M. Stutz, and R. C. Roos. 1999. Chromosome

H. coronaria (pollen parent, 2n = 44). As expected, the hybrids have 2n = 49 (D. B. Joye and G. L. Smith 1993), and after several years are still thriving

cells oblong-rhombic, ca. 3:1. > 49 49 Alar cells few, oblong-quadrate, in 1 or 2 rows along insertion. Sematophyllum 49 Alar cells many, oblate, in many

Findlay. 1971. The systematic position of Claytonia bostockii. Canad. J. Bot. 49: 713–715. None. window.propertiesFromHigherTaxa=[{"rank":"genus","name":"Montia"

Intra-colonial variation in plant size and habit in Plantago maritima. New Phytol. 49: 135–141. None. "-1.2timessepals" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement

with sympatric Cerastium species, including cytological data). Castanea 51: 49–55. None. "timesaslongassepals" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement

abaxially eglandular, rarely stipitate-glandular (except subsp. woodsii n of 49° parallel); mostly w of Wasatch Range or e of Continental Divide > 2 1 Infrastipular

palea keels scabrous, glabrous, intercostal regions glabrous. 2n = 43, 44, 48,49, 50, 51, 52, 54,56, 58, 59, 62, 65, 66, 61, 74, ca. 85, ca. 86, 88, 89, 95

Asteridae by Cronquist, who defined the group as a subclass of 11 orders and 49 families. Takhtajan, on the other hand, recognized two unequal groups, the

   Canada —    U.S. 4,367    World 57,976    U.S. 8,986    World 40,226    World 49,085 Plums Barley    Canada 6    Canada 11,672 Sunflowers    U.S. 8,784    Canada

Palynology of Oligocene sediments from central British Columbia. Canad. J. Bot. 49: 1885--1920. Pijl, L. van der and C. Dodson. 1966. Orchid Flowers: Their Pollination

Ranunculus Rosa Veronica Plantago Muhlenbergia Polygonum Paspalum Salix 30-49 Bromus Artemisia Anemone Rubus4 Castilleja Galium Panicum Opuntia Vaccinium

14 62 214 Indian Ocean Islands Families 115 32 147       Add. Subfamilies 49 19 68 215 Atlantic Islands Families 96 28 124       Add. Subfamilies 32 8