Illustrator: John Myers Copyright: Flora of North America Association Leaf-blade 5-15 × 2-5cm, apex rounded or blunt; abaxial surface pellucid-dotted. Flowers ca.
4 KB (464 words) - 08:43, 30 July 2020
tripetala, Magnolia virginiana Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 1: 535. 1753. , Gen. Pl. ed. 5 240. 1754. Frederick G. Meyer Etymology: For Pierre Magnol (1638-1715), professor
9 KB (426 words) - 08:23, 30 July 2020
Association Stems 2-6 (-11) dm, ± puberulent. Leaves 5-28. Leaf-blade semicircular, 9-27-lobed, 1-5cm wide, ± puberulent, lobes less than 1.5 mm wide. Inflorescences
5 KB (501 words) - 15:30, 15 December 2020
Vascular Plants of the Intermountain West, U.S.A. 5+ vols. in 6+. New York and London. Vol. 5, pp. 5–471. Eldenäs, P. K., M. Källersjö, and A. A. Anderberg
275 KB (5,940 words) - 15:30, 15 December 2020
to narrowly acute or acuminate; sheath 1.5–3cm, base persistent. Pollen cones ellipsoid-cylindric, 1.5–3.5cm, yellow or red. Seed-cones maturing in 2 years
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light-redbrown, ca. 0.6–0.7 (–1) cm, slightly resinous. Leaves (2–) 3 (–4) per fascicle, spreading-ascending, persisting 2 years, 6–15cm × 0.8–1mm, straight
8 KB (568 words) - 00:34, 30 July 2020
(–40) × 1–1.5mm, yellow-green to dark or bluish green, apex obtuse to acute. Pollen cones yellow-red. Seed-cones 4–10 × 3–3.5cm. Seeds 5–6mm, wing longer
5 KB (455 words) - 00:29, 30 July 2020
ovoid-cylindric, light-redbrown, 0.4–0.5cm, slightly resinous. Leaves 5 per fascicle, spreading to ascending, persisting 2–3 years, 6–10cm × 0.7–1mm, straight, slightly
8 KB (627 words) - 00:27, 30 July 2020
inflorescence branches usually without obvious bracts. Spikelets with (0-1) 2 (3-6) glumes (empty bracts) subtending 1-60 florets, glumes and florets distichously
35 KB (1,876 words) - 02:36, 30 July 2020
level, 2-6 times as long as trophophore; sporangial clusters 0.5-1.5cm, 1.5 mm or less wide, mostly with 5-12 pairs of sporangia, apiculum 0.5-1 mm. Phenology:
6 KB (575 words) - 00:35, 30 July 2020
Seed-cones cylindric, (5–) 6–7 (–12) × 3–3.5cm, light green, dark blue, deep purple, or gray, sessile, apex rounded; scales ca. 2–2.5 × 2–2.5cm, densely pubescent;
9 KB (660 words) - 00:29, 30 July 2020
Involucres 1–8 or more per cluster, narrowly turbinate to campanulate; teeth (3–) 5–6 (–10), erect or occasionally spreading, apex acute to obtuse or rounded. Flowers
80 KB (1,352 words) - 10:29, 30 July 2020
ovoid-cylindric, dark-brown, 1–2.5cm, resinous. Leaves 2 per fascicle, spreading to upcurved, persisting 2–3 years, 8–15cm × (1.2–) 1.5 (–2) mm, slightly twisted
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glabrous, resinous, margins entire, apex sharp-pointed. Leaves 1.2–2.5cm × 1.5–2mm, 1-ranked (particularly on lower branches) to spiraled, flexible; cross-section
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FNA Volume 25. Treatment on page 14. Plants annual or perennial. Culms 1-500 cm, not woody, usually not branched above the base. Sheaths usually open, often
34 KB (1,217 words) - 04:33, 30 July 2020
revision of the North American species of Erigeron, north of Mexico. Brittonia 6: 121–302. Nesom, G. L. 1989c. Infrageneric taxonomy of New World Erigeron (Compositae:
97 KB (2,063 words) - 21:58, 29 July 2020
short-shoots 2–3.5cm × 0.6–0.8mm, 0.4–0.6mm thick, keeled abaxially, 2-angled adaxially; resin canals 40–80µm from margins, each surrounded by 6–10 epithelial
5 KB (515 words) - 00:28, 30 July 2020
Malvinda Boehmer Pseudomalachra (K. Schumann) Monteiro Treatment appears in FNA Volume 6. Treatment on page 310. Mentioned on page 215, 217, 239, 311. Herbs, annual
13 KB (672 words) - 11:32, 30 July 2020
1118. 1835. Paul A. Fryxell†, Steven R. Hill Treatment appears in FNA Volume 6. Treatment on page 215. Mentioned on page 187, 188, 192, 298, 305. Herbs, subshrubs
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entire or distantly serrulate, apex conic-acute to conic-subulate; sheath 0.5–1.5cm, scales soon recurving, shed early. Pollen cones ellipsoid, ca. 10mm, bluish
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sometimes borne singly. Calyculi 0. Phyllaries persistent or falling, usually in 3–5+ series (usually in spirals, sometimes in vertical ranks), distinct, unequal
79 KB (1,886 words) - 20:55, 29 July 2020
Vesicariae, Carex sect. Vulpinae Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 2: 972. 1753. , Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 420. 1754. Peter W. Ball, A. A. Reznicek Common names: Carex laîche Treatment
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infrequently terete to subterete, usually lanceolate, sometimes ovate; florets (1) 2-6 (13), usually sexual, sometimes bulb-forming; rachillas usually terete, sometimes
87 KB (2,178 words) - 03:17, 30 July 2020
cylindric, 5–10 × 3–3.5cm, dark purple-blue to grayish purple, sessile, apex rounded; scales ca. 1.5 × 2.5cm, densely pubescent; bracts included. Seeds 5–7 ×
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obconic, constricted at disc except for opening, 2–6 mm wide; sepals 5, spreading, triangular; petals 5, white, sometimes pale cream (ser. Montaninsulae)
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in Pereskia and several genera outside the flora), terete or flat, 0–3 cm (to 10 cm in Pereskia); stipules absent. Spines flexible and hairlike or bristlelike
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Scleria, Carex, Cymophyllus, and Kobresia; perianth absent or with (1–) 3–6 (–30) bristles and/or scales, usually falling off with fruit; stamens usually
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broadly ovate to suborbiculate, 1–8 (–12) cm, length 1.6–2 times width, coriaceous to thin, lobes 0 or 1–4 or 5 (–9), sinuses usually shallow, sometimes
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corymbose, or solitary flowers. Flowers unisexual [bisexual]; sepals (4–) 5 (–6), sometimes vestigial (Cyclanthera), connate, calyx rotate, campanulate,
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emarginate to 2-fid, rarely pinnatifid [fimbriate or filiform]; stamens (2 or 4) 6 [8–24], in 2 whorls, usually tetradynamous (lateral outer pair shorter than
107 KB (3,718 words) - 12:07, 30 July 2020
yellow. Seed-cones cylindric, 8–10 (–13) × 3.5–5cm, purple, sessile, apex round to nipple-shaped; scales ca. 2 × 2cm, pubescent; bracts included. Seeds 10–12
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or 3-5 locular, placentation free-central, basal, or axile in proximal half; ovules mostly campylotropous, bitegmic, crassinucellate; styles 1-5 (-6), distinct
29 KB (1,113 words) - 10:14, 30 July 2020
below the glumes. > 6 6 Lemmas awned, awns longer than 2 mm. > 7 7 Glumes coriaceous, rigid, hispid or scabrous; lemmas awned, awns 5-14.5 mm long, subterminal
45 KB (1,179 words) - 03:07, 30 July 2020
peduncle, rarely between ovary and perianth or ovary and pedicel; perianth of 6 tepals in 2 whorls, all petaloid or sepals sometimes greener and more foliaceous
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ca. 1.5cm, resinous; scale margins fringed, apex attenuate. Leaves 3 per fascicle, spreading or ascending, persisting 4–5 years, (8–) 9–15 (–20) cm × (1–)
8 KB (536 words) - 00:27, 30 July 2020
margins finely serrulate, apex acute to abruptly conic-subulate; sheath 1–2.5cm, base persistent. Pollen cones cylindric, 20–40mm, yellow to yellowbrown.
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to purplish, not yellow, not 2-lipped (sometimes ± zygomorphic), lobes (4–) 5, usually ± deltate to lanceovate, sometimes lanceolate to lance-linear; anther
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lateral clefts slightly deeper than abaxial and adaxial (C. plagiotoma); petals 5, corolla white to pale greenish proximally, usually becoming green, white,
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545, 570, 615. Annuals, biennials, perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs, 5–100 (–250+) cm (perennating bases taprooted, fibrous-rooted, branched caudices, or
30 KB (1,295 words) - 21:10, 29 July 2020
Inflorescences terminal, panicles to 30 cm or longer. Flowers fragrant, subsessile; petals white, lanceolate, 6 mm; stamens 6, long-exserted, connectives white
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mostly yellow, infrequently whitish or reddish, funnelform to tubular; tepals 6, connate basally into tube atop a typically constricted neck; limb lobes erect
24 KB (1,110 words) - 06:12, 30 July 2020
Philadelphia, n. s. 1: 166. 1848. James L. Reveal Treatment appears in FNA Volume 5. Treatment on page 331. Mentioned on page 221, 222, 223, 365. Herbs, shrubs
24 KB (947 words) - 10:41, 30 July 2020
Leaves 3 per fascicle, spreading-ascending, persisting (2–) 4–6 (–7) years, 12–22 (–25) cm × ca. 1.5–2mm, slightly twisted, gray to yellow-green, all surfaces
8 KB (619 words) - 00:34, 30 July 2020
ovoid-acuminate, pale redbrown, ca. 1cm, resinous. Leaves mostly 5 per fascicle, upcurved, persisting 10–30 years, 1.5–3.5cm × 0.8–1.2mm, mostly connivent, deep
8 KB (514 words) - 00:34, 30 July 2020
cymiform, or subumbelliform arrays. Calyculi 0 or 1–5+ bractlets. Involucres campanulate to cylindric, 5–12 mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, usually 8, 13
40 KB (1,171 words) - 21:16, 29 July 2020
cylindric or campanulate to hemispheric, 4–22 mm diam. Phyllaries 20–84 in (3–) 4–6 (–9) series, 1 (–3) -nerved (not keeled), oblong-lanceolate or oblanceolate
62 KB (1,546 words) - 15:28, 15 December 2020
sometimes dioecious; cespitose, stoloniferous, or rhizomatous. Culms 2-160 cm, not woody, erect, decumbent, or geniculate, sometimes rooting at the lower
33 KB (1,388 words) - 03:56, 30 July 2020
in A. triquetrum); tepals 6, in 2 similar whorls, ± distinct, petallike, usually becoming becoming dry and persisting; stamens 6, epipetalous; filaments
43 KB (1,553 words) - 05:48, 30 July 2020
occasionally sessile; perianth actinomorphic or zygomorphic, often very showy; tepals 6, distinct or less often connate proximally forming tube that may also bear
29 KB (1,493 words) - 05:37, 30 July 2020
A. Gleason, and J.H. Barnhart (eds.). North American Flora, vol. 17, part 6. New York Botanical Garden, New York, New York, U.S.A. 64 pp. Hitchcock, A
42 KB (1,621 words) - 04:38, 30 July 2020
opening along sutures into 3–5 valves, frequently splitting into 6–10 equal teeth; carpophore usually present. Seeds ca. (5–) 15–100 (–500+), reddish to
36 KB (1,364 words) - 10:24, 30 July 2020
on page 64. Mentioned on page 6, 7, 8, 43, 135. Annuals, perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs, (3–) 10–200 (–400+) [2500+] cm. Leaves usually cauline, sometimes
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surface shiny green; margins entire. Seed-cones ovoid to oblong, 2.5–4 × 1.5–2.5cm; scales oblong, 12–18 × 8–12mm, bases clawed, apex rounded. 2n =24.
5 KB (429 words) - 00:25, 30 July 2020
stout, reddish-brown, usually glabrous. Buds reddish-brown, 5–7mm, apex acute. Leaves 1–2.5cm, 4-angled in cross-section, rigid, light to dark green, bearing
5 KB (425 words) - 00:24, 30 July 2020
(yellow-green); margins minutely dentate. Seed-cones ovoid, (1–) 1.5–2.5 (–3) × 1–2.5cm; scales ovate, 8–15 × 6–10mm, apex round to pointed. 2n =24. Habitat: Coastal
5 KB (533 words) - 00:27, 30 July 2020
cespitose, with or without rhizomes, occasionally stoloniferous. Culms 5-150 (275) cm, usually glabrous and smooth throughout, sometimes scabrous or densely
52 KB (3,291 words) - 03:08, 30 July 2020
page 384. Mentioned on page 5, 6, 12, 385, 461, 471. Annuals, perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs (often ± woolly annuals 1–10 cm). Leaves basal and/or cauline;
25 KB (1,822 words) - 20:30, 29 July 2020
cylindric to hemispheric or rotate. Phyllaries persistent, 4–45 (–100+) in 1–6+ series (usually distinct, ± connate in Lagascea, broadly ovate to linear,
10 KB (633 words) - 23:14, 29 July 2020
leaflike bracts.) Involucres cylindric to ovoid or spheric, (1–6 ×) 1–8 cm. Phyllaries many in 5–20 series, subequal or weakly to strongly, outer and middle
60 KB (2,205 words) - 13:43, 10 February 2021
Seed surfaces papillose or reticulate; stems 2–55(–60) cm; leaf blades 0.5–5.5(–6.5) cm; petals 1.6–5.5(–7) mm, white, fading or rarely pink. > 41 41 Pedicels
32 KB (1,609 words) - 21:02, 7 June 2022
Flowers bisexual, radially symmetric; sepals sometimes persistent in fruit, 3-5 (-6), green or sometimes purple, yellow, or white, plane (base saccate in R.
15 KB (560 words) - 08:33, 30 July 2020
tepals 6, similar, fleshy, distinct to or connate at base, whitish to cream or tinged slightly with green or purple, occasionally pubescent; stamens 6; filaments
17 KB (687 words) - 06:11, 30 July 2020
37 37 Fruits 3-5.5 mm wide; seeds 3-6.5(-8) × 2-4.5 mm, wing (0.8-)1.2-2.5 mm wide > 38 37 Fruits 2-3.2 mm wide; seeds 2.5-3.5 × 1.5-2.5 mm, wing 0.2-0
73 KB (2,294 words) - 12:15, 30 July 2020
flowers with 3–5-parted calyx, ebracteate; stamens 3–5. Pistillate flowers lacking perianth, pistil naked, or in few species with (1–) 3–5-lobed perianth
45 KB (1,022 words) - 09:34, 30 July 2020
page 254. Mentioned on page 3, 5, 6, 76, 255, 257, 300, 301, 306. Annuals, perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs, (0.5–) 1–250 cm. Leaves mostly basal, or basal
15 KB (799 words) - 23:36, 29 July 2020
these often sharply distinct from the blades of the cauline leaves. Culms 5-150 cm, herbaceous, hollow, usually erect or ascending, rarely sprawling, in the
26 KB (1,343 words) - 04:00, 30 July 2020
with 2–20+ spikes, 1–1.5 times as long as wide in fruit; proximal bracts scalelike or bristlelike, rarely leaflike, not more than 5 cm, not more than 2 times
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Mentioned on page 51, 136, 148, 149, 157, 170. Annuals or perennials, (5–) 20–300 (–500) cm. Stems erect or ascending to decumbent or procumbent, usually branched
32 KB (1,118 words) - 23:14, 29 July 2020
campanulate to hemispheric, 2–6+ mm diam.; pistillate turbinate or campanulate to cylindric, 3–7 (–9+) mm diam. Phyllaries in 3–6+ series, usually relatively
38 KB (2,648 words) - 20:30, 29 July 2020
(minutely reticulate), not mucilaginous when wetted; cotyledons accumbent. x = 6–12. North America, Mexico, South America (Andes), South America (Colombia to
85 KB (2,094 words) - 12:08, 30 July 2020
combination of these, ovate or obovate to linear, sometimes clawed; stamens 6, alternating in 2 whorls of 3, erect, incurved, or divergent; filaments mostly
30 KB (822 words) - 06:13, 30 July 2020
base (split to base in Tolmiea); sepals usually (4–) 5 (–6), distinct; petals usually (4–) 5 (–6) or absent, distinct, lobed or unlobed; nectary disc often
27 KB (1,591 words) - 13:14, 30 July 2020
most species, remaining dry and partially adherent to the seed in 5. heterolepis and 5. clandestinus. Cleistogamous spikelets occasionally present in the
22 KB (1,094 words) - 04:32, 30 July 2020
explanate, rarely saccate, dehiscing completely, rarely incompletely, distal 1/5–2/3 sometimes indehiscent, connective splitting, rarely not, sides glabrous
36 KB (1,140 words) - 19:13, 29 July 2020
Flowers (5–) 8–20 (–26) mm diam.; epicalyx bractlets (4 or) 5 (–10); hypanthium patelliform to cupulate, rarely turbinate, 0.5–2.5 (–5) × (1.5–) 2–7 (–10)
31 KB (1,939 words) - 13:53, 30 July 2020
leaf blades mostly 3–8+ cm and radiate heads with yellow corollas (laminae mostly 15–25+ mm) borne on peduncles mostly 3–15+ cm are cultivated in warm areas
23 KB (1,021 words) - 21:10, 29 July 2020
mostly laminar, sometimes subterete, turgid ± throughout. Cymes: branches 2-3 (-6), simple or bifurcate; cincinni circinate or not. Pedicels erect to pendent
10 KB (581 words) - 12:54, 30 July 2020
FNA Volume 25. Treatment on page 602. Plants usually perennial. Culms 7-600 cm, annual, not woody, often reddish or purple, particularly at the nodes, often
31 KB (2,561 words) - 04:21, 30 July 2020
tomentose, sometimes muriculate. Seeds 6–75, spherical or ovoid, glabrous, often arillate with elaiosome. x = 6, 7. Nearly worldwide, temperate regions
39 KB (2,374 words) - 11:16, 30 July 2020
3.1–12 × 0.6–2.6 cm, apex usually acute; petals 3, ridged abaxially, with 2 adaxial longitudinal median rounded ridges, 3–11.2 × 0.6–3.4 cm, apex usually
37 KB (2,628 words) - 05:42, 30 July 2020
Vaccinioideae); hypanthium absent; sepals absent or (2–) 4–5 (–7), distinct or connate basally; petals (2–) 4–5 (–8), rarely absent or highly reduced, connate or
33 KB (1,383 words) - 13:10, 30 July 2020
stipelike; perianth green, pinkish, or red, campanulate, glabrous; tepals (5–) 6, connate proximally, sepaloid, dimorphic, outer 3 remaining small, inner
41 KB (1,085 words) - 10:05, 30 July 2020
resinous. Leaves dimorphic, spirally arranged; foliage leaves (needles) (1–) 2–5 (–6) per fascicle, persisting 2–12 or more years, terete or ± 2–3-angled and
29 KB (1,428 words) - 00:26, 30 July 2020
branches racemelike), 5–20 (–50) -flowered, (partially developing with new stem growth and dormant (immature inflorescences) for 6–9 months, usually pendent
41 KB (2,034 words) - 13:11, 30 July 2020
veins. Inflorescences spikes, usually exserted, with 1-3 (5) spikelets per node, internodes (1.5) 2-26 mm; rachises with scabridulous, scabrous, or ciliate
45 KB (3,070 words) - 03:00, 30 July 2020
(3–) 5 (–6), valvate or slightly imbricate, distinct or connate basally; petals (3–) 5 (–6) or 0, distinct, white; nectary extrastaminal, usually 5 glands;
24 KB (874 words) - 18:18, 29 July 2020
Calyculi 0 or of 1–15+ bractlets. Phyllaries persistent or falling, usually in 3–5+ series, usually distinct (sometimes connate and forming hardened perigynia
30 KB (1,803 words) - 22:30, 29 July 2020
surface of style arm at base of crest; ovary terete or roundly 3-angled or 6-angled or grooved. Fruits capsular, wall papery or becoming dry and hardened
20 KB (1,129 words) - 06:06, 30 July 2020
hairy and/or glanddotted; pappi falling, fragile, or persistent, usually of 6–80 distinct or basally connate bristles, or of 4–20 distinct (or basally connate)
17 KB (818 words) - 23:57, 29 July 2020
± purple, ± red, or reddish-brown. Seed-cones oblong-cylindric, 10–15 × 5–6.5cm, green, red, or purple, overlaid with green bracts, at maturity brown (bracts
8 KB (588 words) - 00:23, 30 July 2020
sepaloid bracteoles absent; perianth hypogynous; sepals usually imbricate, 3-6 (-20), distinct, often petaloid and colored, occasionally spurred; petals 0-26
13 KB (392 words) - 08:32, 30 July 2020
Plateilema, Psathyrotes, Psilostrophe, Tetraneuris, Trichoptilium Lessing Linnaea 6: 516. 1831. Theodore M. Barkley†, Luc Brouillet, John L. Strother Treatment
13 KB (688 words) - 22:34, 29 July 2020
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 19. Treatment on page 82. Mentioned on page 5, 6, 8, 12, 95, 172, 176, 195. Annuals or perennials (sometimes coarse and/or
15 KB (836 words) - 20:05, 29 July 2020
length of inner, inner apically weakly to strongly clavate [(0.5–in S. sphacelata) 1.5–5 (–7.3) mm]. x = 9. North America, Mexico, South America, Eurasia
18 KB (1,000 words) - 21:32, 29 July 2020
expanded, limb 5-lobed; stamens 3–6, exserted; styles exserted beyond stamens; stigmas capitate. Fruits radially symmetric, with (4–) 5 round or angular
15 KB (526 words) - 09:38, 30 July 2020
0.2–1.6 mm. > 33 33 Involucres 0.4–0.6 × 0.5–0.9 mm, glands 0.1 × 0.1–0.2 mm, appendages absent. Euphorbia micromera 33 Involucres 0.6–2.5 × 0.5–2.4 mm
36 KB (819 words) - 18:21, 29 July 2020
proximal node, 0.3–2.5 × 0.2–1.8 cm, usually scalelike distally, 1–5 × 0.5–3 mm. Involucres 1 per node, turbinate to campanulate, 1–6 × (1–) 1.5–10 mm, tomentose
27 KB (1,609 words) - 10:41, 30 July 2020
connate basally), white to pink, blue, or violet, equal, rarely clawed; stamens 6, all fertile, equal; filaments bearded or glabrous; ovary 3-locular, ovules
17 KB (671 words) - 00:52, 30 July 2020
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 17. Treatment on page 372. Mentioned on page 6, 365, 366, 367, 373, 427. Subshrubs or herbs, annual (fibrous-rooted or taprooted)
49 KB (1,607 words) - 18:59, 29 July 2020
Munz (1942, 1944), H. Hara (1953), and others. H. E. Baillon (1866–1895, vol. 6) was the first author to merge Isnardia and Jussiaea under Ludwigia, and consequently
30 KB (1,654 words) - 21:01, 7 June 2022
Watson Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 12: 259. 1877 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 5. Treatment on page 380. Mentioned on page 223, 381, 431, 433, 434, 435, 437
30 KB (1,075 words) - 10:46, 30 July 2020
dense rosettes, usually alternate, sometimes opposite or in whorls of 3–5 [–6], ± alike, petiolate or sessile, not connate basally; blade linear to orbiculate
21 KB (778 words) - 13:02, 30 July 2020
-veined; upper glumes 3-veined; calluses hairy, hairs 0.2-6.5 mm, sparse to abundant; lemmas 3 (5) -veined, smooth or scabrous, apices usually tapering into
24 KB (1,813 words) - 02:43, 30 July 2020
flat or convex to conic, smooth or pitted, glabrous, usually epaleate (with 1–6 hyaline paleae in E. ambiguum, obscurely setose in E. mohavense). Ray-florets
13 KB (1,037 words) - 23:55, 29 July 2020
erect, occasionally reflexed, leaflike proximally, scalelike distally. Flowers 6-merous, bisexual or functionally unisexual; perianth of 2 similar petallike
13 KB (701 words) - 06:10, 30 July 2020
oblanceolate, spatulate, fan-shaped, or rhombic, seldom folded along midribs, 0.5–18 cm, membranous to leathery, margins flat, usually entire or toothed, sometimes
43 KB (1,828 words) - 14:17, 30 July 2020
Seeds (1–) 3–6, black, rounded, shiny and smooth to tuberculate, with white elaiosome; seeds dispersed ballistically and by ants. x = 5, 6, 7, 8. North
16 KB (646 words) - 09:44, 30 July 2020
3, filiform, 2.5–3 mm, glabrous proximally; stigmas 3, subcapitate, smooth to papillate (50×). Capsules ovoid to urceolate, opening by 6 ascending to recurved
19 KB (1,194 words) - 10:09, 30 July 2020
Treatment on page 353. Plants annual or perennial; habit various. Culms 3-800 cm, annual, usually not woody. Leaves basal and/or cauline; sheaths usually open;
21 KB (1,188 words) - 03:56, 30 July 2020
perennial; usually cespitose, sometimes rhizomatous or stoloniferous. Culms (3) 5-120 cm, usually erect. Sheaths open, usually smooth and glabrous, sometimes scabrous
31 KB (1,893 words) - 03:29, 30 July 2020
on page 450. Plants annual or perennial; their habit variable. Culms 2-300 cm, herbaceous, sometimes hard and almost woody, or woody, simple or branched
26 KB (1,480 words) - 04:05, 30 July 2020
branchlets stout (mostly over 5mm thick), orangebrown, aging darker brown, rough. Buds ovoid to ovoid-cylindric, redbrown, ca. 1–1.5cm, resinous; scale margins
8 KB (547 words) - 00:23, 30 July 2020
pale redbrown, 0.5–1.2cm, slightly resinous. Leaves (2–) 3 (–4) per fascicle, spreading to upcurved, persisting 3–4 years, 2–6cm × 0.6–0.9 (–1) mm, connivent
8 KB (610 words) - 00:22, 30 July 2020
ovoid-cylindric, redbrown, ca. 1.5cm, resinous. Leaves (2–) 3 in a fascicle, spreading-ascending, persisting 3–4 years, (8–) 9–15 (–20) cm × 1.3–1.8 (–2) mm, straight
8 KB (616 words) - 00:35, 30 July 2020
Seed-cones cylindric, 3.5–6 × 2.5–4cm, dark purple overlaid with yellowish green bracts, sessile, apex round; scales ca. 0.7–1 × 1–1.3cm, pubescent; bracts
8 KB (559 words) - 00:31, 30 July 2020
thesis. Cornell University. Pinkava, D. J. 2003. Cactaceae cactus family: Part 6. J. Arizona-Nevada Acad. Sci. 35: 137–150. Opuntia aciculata, Opuntia atrispina
34 KB (1,067 words) - 09:16, 30 July 2020
Treatment on page 335. Mentioned on page 3, 5, 255, 336, 364. Annuals, perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs, 1–200 cm. Leaves basal, basal and cauline, or mostly
11 KB (627 words) - 23:52, 29 July 2020
or flowers solitary, to 41 cm; involucres absent or present, involucral-bracts 2-3 (these compound, often resembling whorl of 6-9 simple bracts), leaflike
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Culms with 4–5(–6) angles or sometimes terete, not compressed; achenes falling with or before scales, yellow to dark brown or green, with 6–12 depressions
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spreading, or reflexed, rarely ascending, lanceolate or ovatelanceolate, 5–30 (–40) × 1.5–6 mm, margins entire or pinnatifid, abaxial surfaces glabrous, rarely
24 KB (1,103 words) - 13:51, 30 July 2020
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 19. Treatment on page 485. Mentioned on page 5, 6, 8, 11, 486, 498. Annuals, biennials, perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs (herbage
23 KB (1,089 words) - 20:43, 29 July 2020
Ribes watsonianum, Ribes wolfii Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 1: 200. 1753. , Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 94. 1754 ,. Nancy R. Morin Common names: Currant gooseberry Etymology: Arabic
23 KB (1,464 words) - 13:16, 30 July 2020
magenta or pinkish purple, sometimes white, throats funnelform (lengths 4–6 times diams., externally glanduliferous, glabrous inside or pilose inside near
24 KB (826 words) - 22:52, 29 July 2020
absent or a mucro or awn (tooth) at apex of sheath, very rarely flattened, to 6 cm. Inflorescences terminal; spikelet 1; involucral-bracts absent, rarely a
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perennial; herbaceous, usually cespitose, occasionally rhizomatous. Culms 10-150 cm, not woody, sometimes branched above the base; internodes usually pith-filled
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flowers usually 4 or 5, rarely solitary (versus 1–3), slightly or not fragrant (versus fragrant), 3–5 cm diam. (versus 5–10 cm diam.), with often pinnately
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Streptanthus vernalis, Streptanthus vimineus Nuttall J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 5: 134, plate 7. 1825. Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz Common names: Jewel-flower Etymology:
23 KB (1,011 words) - 12:00, 30 July 2020
cylindric to obconic or campanulate, 5–12 mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, (10–) 14–45 (–60) in 3–7 (–9) series, usually (4–) 5–6 (–16) -striate or nerved, linear
17 KB (617 words) - 22:47, 29 July 2020
2–1.3 mm diam., tip straight to recurved, distal 5–60 (–90) % hairy or papillate, hairs or papillae to 1.5 mm, rarely glabrous; style glabrous. Capsules glabrous
29 KB (982 words) - 19:10, 29 July 2020
G. Davidse, M. Sousa S., and A.O. Chater (eds.). Flora Mesoamericana, vol. 6: Alismataceae a Cyperaceae. Instituto de Biologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma
22 KB (1,167 words) - 04:18, 30 July 2020
bracts 5, 50% connate, apex acute to widely ovate. Flowers 6 (–16) per involucre; perianth magenta, funnelform, 4–5 cm. Fruits light-brown, with 5 blunt
5 KB (545 words) - 09:41, 30 July 2020
hairs to 2.5 mm, rarely glabrous; style glabrous. Capsules glabrous. Seeds brown or dark-brown, angled, angled-elongate, or disciform, 1.8–5.4 mm. North
17 KB (733 words) - 19:07, 29 July 2020
21. Treatment on page 183. Mentioned on page 6, 41, 184. Annuals, perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs, 10–400 cm (sometimes rhizomatous or with cormiform bases
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Plants perennial; usually cespitose, sometimes rhizomatous. Culms 20-310 cm, erect, much-branched distally. Leaves not aromatic; ligules membranous, sometimes
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prominent than midvein, blade 2+ cm, longer than its sheath, 2–4.5 mm wide, glabrous. Inflorescences racemose, with 2–6 spikes; proximal nonbasal bracts
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or orange, redbrown (with or without yellow/orange), or white. Disc-florets 6–120+, bisexual, fertile; corollas greenish yellow to orange, sometimes tipped
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(–4) scales aristate, or of 1–2 (–6) or 8–35 bristles. sw United States, Mexico, South America (1 species) Genera 5, species 67 (2 genera, 36 species in
7 KB (521 words) - 23:47, 29 July 2020
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 8. Mentioned on page 3, 6. Annuals, biennials, perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs (usually taprooted, perennating
16 KB (907 words) - 23:04, 29 July 2020
narrowly obovate, sometimes obtrullate, ovate, or suborbiculate, (0.6–) 1–4 (–5) cm, thin to coriaceous, firm to floppy, base narrowly cuneate to rounded
22 KB (1,233 words) - 13:46, 30 July 2020
on page 50. Mentioned on page 5, 6, 51, 68, 72, 85, 188. Shrubs (trees in Ericameria parishii var. parishii), 10–500 cm. Stems usually erect to ascending
23 KB (1,156 words) - 22:11, 29 July 2020
sometimes 5 or 8, occasionally 4; filaments distinct, inserted at base of ovary; staminodes absent or 1–4 (via anther abortion), linear; styles (3–) 5 (–6), clavate
21 KB (1,044 words) - 10:15, 30 July 2020
long-stipitate-glandular); sepals 5 (6 in H. eastwoodiae), green, white, cream, yellow, pink, purple, or red, often green or red tinged; petals (1–) 5 (–6 in H. eastwoodiae)
26 KB (1,593 words) - 12:56, 30 July 2020
radiata). Involucres hemispheric to narrowly campanulate, 5–15 (–30) × 5–60 mm. Phyllaries 10–40 in 2–6 series, appressed to loosely spreading, 1-nerved, oblanceolate
15 KB (811 words) - 22:27, 29 July 2020
vaseyi, Potamogeton zosteriformis Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 1: 126. 1753; Gen. Pl. ed. 5; 61, 1754. Robert R. Haynes, C. Barre Hellquist Common names: Pondweeds potamot
23 KB (1,207 words) - 00:56, 30 July 2020
2–40 (–50) × 0.3–5.5 cm, usually glabrous, tuberculate; areoles elliptic, circular, ovate, obovate, or obdeltate to rhombic, 0.7–5 mm diam.; wool white
17 KB (804 words) - 09:14, 30 July 2020
anthesis, with (3) 4-14 (16) florets. Lower glumes 1-3-veined; upper glumes 3-5-veined; lemmas elliptic to lanceolate, rounded over the midvein, apices subulate
11 KB (779 words) - 02:52, 30 July 2020
spikelike; bracts present. Pedicels present; bracteoles absent. Flowers: sepals 5, calyx radially, rarely bilaterally, symmetric, campanulate to hemispheric
23 KB (952 words) - 19:30, 29 July 2020
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 23. Treatment on page 200. Mentioned on page 6, 7, 201, 231, 238. Herbs, annual or perennial, cespitose or not, often scaly-rhizomatous
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phyllaries lanceolate (margins brown or white) > 9 9 Involucres 3.5–6 × 6–11 mm; phyllaries lanceolate (margins brown); corollas yellow or reddish black
11 KB (598 words) - 20:49, 29 July 2020
thorn-tipped in C. oliganthus); shrubs deciduous, semideciduous, or evergreen. > 6 6 Leaf blades pinnately veined (proximal pair of secondary veins rarely more
15 KB (437 words) - 18:13, 29 July 2020
539. Plants annual or perennial; cespitose, rarely rhizomatous. Culms 10-600 cm, erect or decumbent. Ligules membranous and ciliate or of hairs; blades flat
17 KB (1,129 words) - 04:14, 30 July 2020
from blade, (apex obtuse, rounded, emarginate, or subemarginate); stamens (6, rarely 4), equal in length; filaments not dilated basally; anthers ovate,
23 KB (1,239 words) - 12:23, 30 July 2020
follows; stems: short (less than 1 cm), medium (1–3 cm), long (more than 3 cm); leaves: small (less than 1.5 mm), medium (1.5–3 mm), large (3–4 mm), robust
20 KB (757 words) - 07:35, 30 July 2020
Treatment on page 221. Mentioned on page 5, 222, 364. Annuals, perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs, (1–) 5–50 (–120+) [200+] cm. Leaves mostly cauline, sometimes
11 KB (674 words) - 23:30, 29 July 2020
living branchlets from which leaves have fallen. Genera 10, species ca. 200 (6 genera, 66 species in the flora with 64 natives and 2 naturalized). Burns,
13 KB (769 words) - 00:23, 30 July 2020
abruptly dilated, campanulate throats, lobes 5 (reflexed at anthesis). Cypselae obpyramidal (4-angled, sometimes 5-angled, each face usually 1–4-ribbed, glabrous
9 KB (558 words) - 23:45, 29 July 2020
seed-coat (smooth), mucilaginous or not when wetted; cotyledons accumbent. x = 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 15. North America, n Mexico, s South America (Argentina)
40 KB (1,647 words) - 11:54, 30 July 2020
turbinate, mostly 6–20+ mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, 5–23 in (1–) 2 series. Receptacles convex, smooth or pitted, epaleate. Ray-florets 0, or 5–22, pistillate
16 KB (834 words) - 23:57, 29 July 2020
page 23, 24, 29, 49, 51, 61, 64, 66, 67, 71, 75, 78, 83, 86. Shrubs, 0.005–6 m, clonal by layering or rhizomes, rarely root shoots, or not clonal. Stems
22 KB (876 words) - 12:17, 30 July 2020
lemmas, 1-veined, obtuse or acute, often erose; lower glumes 0.3-4.5 mm; upper glumes 0.6-7 mm; calluses glabrous; lemmas membranous to thinly coriaceous
20 KB (1,626 words) - 03:20, 30 July 2020
quinquefolia; it differs in having 6-8 sepals and brown or black (never white) rhizomes with a 3-5 mm diameter in contrast to the 5 sepals and white or black rhizomes
19 KB (1,214 words) - 15:30, 15 December 2020
ovate, 1.5–6 (–9) mm, margins herbaceous or silvery and scarious, apex rounded or obtuse to acute, acuminate, or spinescent, sometimes hooded; petals 5 or rarely
25 KB (1,236 words) - 10:19, 30 July 2020
suborbiculate, 2–6 (–9.5) cm, thin to chartaceous, sometimes subcoriaceous, base cuneate to rounded, truncate, or broadly ovate, lobes 0, or 1–5 (or 6) per side
20 KB (1,294 words) - 13:44, 30 July 2020
mostly diploid (n = 3, 4, 5, or 6). Babcock concluded that there was a progressive decrease in the chromosome numbers, from n = 6 to n = 3. Along with the
18 KB (964 words) - 20:06, 29 July 2020
prow-shaped. Panicles 1-29 cm, contracted to open, usually with fewer than 100 spikelets; nodes with 1-5 branches; branches 0.5-18 cm, terete or angled, smooth
10 KB (1,045 words) - 03:20, 30 July 2020
Involucres: staminate 6–8 mm; pistillate 6–8 mm. Phyllaries distally red to pink, light-brown, or white. Corollas: staminate 3–4.5 mm; pistillate 5–6 mm. Cypselae
12 KB (714 words) - 20:21, 29 July 2020
spreading, narrowly lanceolate to ovatelanceolate [rarely linear-lanceolate], 0.6–3.5 mm; base decurrent or not; margins plane (strongly revolute in P. cardotii
17 KB (677 words) - 07:39, 30 July 2020
linear, 6-60 mm; petals absent; sometimes anther-bearing staminodes between sepals and stamens; stamens many; filaments filiform to flattened; pistils 5-150
9 KB (493 words) - 08:33, 30 July 2020
short-hairy; pappi 0 or of 1–2 (–6) equal or subequal, smooth, antrorsely barbellulate, or subplumose bristles 0.5–4.6 mm plus callous crowns or hyaline
11 KB (583 words) - 23:49, 29 July 2020
purple, or violet; stamens: filaments 5 long and 5 short, alternating with one another, or equal length. x = (5–) 7 (–12). North America, Mexico, West
23 KB (1,013 words) - 18:29, 29 July 2020
globoid, campanulate, or urceolate, (2.5–) 6–32 mm diam. Phyllaries persistent (or inner falling), usually (6–) 16–30 (–40) in 2 series and unequal, sometimes
15 KB (1,046 words) - 22:37, 29 July 2020
×curtissii, Asplenium ×heteroresiliens Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 2: 1078. 1753; Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 485, 1754. Warren H. Wagner Jr., Robbin C. Moran, Charles R. Werth Common
11 KB (330 words) - 00:25, 30 July 2020
perigynous; hypanthium present; sepals (3–) 4–5 (–12) [–30+], distinct or connate basally (or into tube); petals (3–) 4–5 (–12) [–30+], distinct or connate basally
18 KB (1,028 words) - 12:59, 30 July 2020
petals [2–] 3 [–4], distinct or variously connate; androecium: stamens [3–] 6–34 [–1000]; filaments distinct or connate or basally adnate to petals; anthers
20 KB (1,128 words) - 00:55, 30 July 2020
rhizomatous. Culms 5-190 cm. Sheaths closed to near the top, usually pubescent; auricles sometimes present; ligules membranous, to 6 mm, usually erose or
16 KB (1,697 words) - 02:52, 30 July 2020
the spikelets; upper glumes usually from 1/6 as long as to equaling the spikelets, occasionally absent, 0-5-veined, usually pubescent; lower florets sterile;
23 KB (1,318 words) - 03:56, 30 July 2020
various genera. The primary basic chromosome number for the tribe is probably 5 or 6, with higher numbers reflecting ancient euploidy. Barkworth, M.E. and J
18 KB (1,356 words) - 02:45, 30 July 2020
or matted, sometimes forming hanging clumps, often aromatic, (0.1–) 0.3–6 (–6.5) dm, sparsely to densely hirsute, sericeous, villous, or pilose, sometimes
19 KB (1,253 words) - 14:03, 30 July 2020
globose or ovoid heads, 0.8–2 cm × 6–15 mm; proximal spikes not distinct. Carex hoodii 20 Inflorescences oblong, 1.5–5 cm × 6–10 mm; proximal spikes ± distinct
15 KB (529 words) - 01:49, 30 July 2020
cupulate, or campanulate, 1.5–5 mm, glabrous or pilose to tomentose; sepals 5, erect, triangular, often fleshy; petals 5, spreading, white [rarely pale-pink]
31 KB (1,652 words) - 14:31, 30 July 2020
cylindric, sometimes tapering distally, (1–) 2–70 (–130) [–200] × (0.6–) 1–15 cm, less than 40 cm at flowering, skin hard and brittle (less often soft), tuberculate
24 KB (1,147 words) - 09:19, 30 July 2020
apices usually rounded; lodicules 2 or 3, membranous, not lobed; anthers 3, 1.5-6 mm, sometimes penicillate; ovaries with 2 style-branches, branches fused at
28 KB (2,014 words) - 02:45, 30 July 2020
to densely stipitate-glandular, sometimes sessile-glandular; petals (0–) 5 (or 6), white to pink or magenta, suborbiculate to elliptic, obovate, or spatulate;
35 KB (2,155 words) - 15:31, 15 December 2020
shape and lobing similar throughout. Inflorescences usually with 2-6 flowers per 5 cm, open, ± pyramidal, usually at least 3 times longer than wide, spurs
13 KB (670 words) - 08:25, 30 July 2020
laterally, yellowish to black, 0.5–2 mm diam., smooth or with corky ridges, not proliferous. Stems upright, forming caudex to 5 mm thick; gemmae absent or minute
19 KB (579 words) - 15:29, 15 December 2020
acute or acuminate. Receptacles flat, pitted, glabrous, epaleate. Florets 6–150+; corollas usually yellow, sometimes white or ochroleucous, sometimes tinged
26 KB (1,108 words) - 20:14, 29 July 2020
Mentioned on page 333, 334. Annuals, perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs, 2–45 (–75) cm (glabrous or hairy, often glanddotted). Stems erect to pendent. Leaves mostly
8 KB (548 words) - 23:47, 29 July 2020
sepals 5 (–9), green or whitish to pinkish, calyx deeply lobed, lobes usually lanceolate, ovate, or deltate, longer than tube; petals absent or 5 (–9),
18 KB (899 words) - 13:07, 30 July 2020
7–1.5 cm × 5–10 mm. > 8 4 Corona 6 cm or wider. Hymenocallis rotata 4 Corona rarely wider than 6 cm. > 5 5 Tepals yellow-green to pale green. > 6 5 Tepals
14 KB (860 words) - 05:56, 30 July 2020
resemblances Synonyms: Hesperalcea Greene Treatment appears in FNA Volume 6. Treatment on page 319. Mentioned on page 216, 219, 320, 327, 328, 329, 330
21 KB (668 words) - 11:33, 30 July 2020
occasionally shortly rostrate, occasionally not differentiated, 0.5–2.5 mm. Calyptra cucullate, 2.5–6 mm, smooth. Spores 13–30 (–50) µm, papillose, rarely densely
26 KB (1,447 words) - 07:08, 30 July 2020
page 503. Mentioned on page 6, 26, 53, 398, 486, 487, 498, 504, 50. Annuals, biennials, perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs, 3–350 cm (usually, rarely not, aromatic)
14 KB (1,396 words) - 20:45, 29 July 2020
×floridana, Tillandsia ×smalliana Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 1: 286. 1753; Gen. Pl. ed. 5; 138, 1754. Harry E. Luther, Gregory K. Brown Etymology: After the Swedish
9 KB (299 words) - 01:00, 30 July 2020
in slender chains; ovary 0–1, if present, inferior, 2–6 [–16] -carpellate, 1-locular or falsely 6–9-locular; placentation parietal. Fruits berrylike. Seeds
11 KB (422 words) - 00:55, 30 July 2020
scalelike; sepals falling immediately after anthesis, 6, yellow; petals 6, yellow, nectariferous; stamens 6; anthers dehiscing by valves; pollen exine punctate;
16 KB (698 words) - 08:36, 30 July 2020
to obtuse, abaxial faces resinous. Ray-florets 0. Disc-florets (4–) 5 (–6); corollas 6–12 mm. Cypselae tan, turbinate to cylindric or oblanceoloid, 3–8 mm
16 KB (1,091 words) - 20:55, 29 July 2020
fruit, usually 5–15 mm. Flowers: calyx 3–6 × 3–6 mm; petals connate 1–2.5 mm, pale or bright-yellow, mustard yellow, or red, 7–14 × 1.5–4.5 mm, apex mostly
10 KB (763 words) - 13:01, 30 July 2020
subdivided into fingerlike lobes), glabrous (pubescent in P. alba); stamens (6–) 8 in chasmogamous flowers, fewer in cleistogamous flowers, not grouped; ovary
19 KB (903 words) - 21:03, 7 June 2022
page 219, 349, 351, 354, 360, 361, 370. Annuals, 10–200 cm, taprooted, or perennials, 10–100 cm, with deeply seated, woody caudices or stout or slender
15 KB (1,165 words) - 20:25, 29 July 2020
clothed by scalelike leaves or by decurrent leaf-bases; longest internodes to 1 cm; buds undifferentiated and inconspicuous (except in Sequoia). Roots fibrous
17 KB (1,137 words) - 00:30, 30 July 2020
(–31) × 0.01–0.6 mm; radial spines (6–) 10–80 per areole, straight to curved or crinkly bristles, (0.6–) 3–25 mm; central spines 0–several (indefinitely numerous
18 KB (1,104 words) - 09:27, 30 July 2020
cylindric, faces usually smooth, sometimes papillate-roughened and/or with 4–6 longitudinal ridges, usually glabrous (papilliform hairs in P. luteoalbum);
17 KB (673 words) - 20:34, 29 July 2020
Volume 21. Treatment on page 42. Mentioned on page 6, 43, 64, 135. Annuals, biennials, or perennials, 20–300 cm. Leaves basal and cauline or mostly cauline;
9 KB (600 words) - 23:53, 29 July 2020
Natl. Herb. 20(5): 159--172. Tryon, R. M. 1955. Selaginella rupestris and its allies. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 42: 1--99, plates 1--6. Tryon, R. M. 1971
17 KB (719 words) - 00:22, 30 July 2020
scoparium, Crocanthemum suffrutescens Spach Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 2, 6: 370. 1836. Bruce A. Sorrie Common names: Frostweed rushrose rockrose Etymology:
9 KB (561 words) - 11:40, 30 July 2020
(30×). Capsules globose to conic, opening by 3 or 6, occasionally 4, 8, or 10 ascending to recurved valves; carpophore present or absent. Seeds (1–) 3–20+
21 KB (985 words) - 10:17, 30 July 2020
estrophiolate; more widespread Lewisia 5 Stigmas 2; capsule valves 2 Cistanthe 5 Stigmas 1 or 3; capsule valves 2-3 > 6 6 Sepals mostly deciduous; inflorescences
13 KB (722 words) - 09:43, 30 July 2020
Perennials, 5–10 cm. Leaves: basal 2-pinnate, 3–20 cm, lobes 2–50 × 0.5–2 (–3) mm; cauline 0–12. Heads 1–60 per stem. Peduncles 1–16 cm. Phyllaries whitish
8 KB (620 words) - 23:45, 29 July 2020
synoecious; habit various, cespitose, stoloniferous, or rhizomatous. Culms 1-80 cm. Leaves usually mostly basal; sheaths open; ligules of hairs, membranous,
16 KB (1,065 words) - 04:46, 30 July 2020
axillary) corymbiform arrays, sometimes borne singly. Involucres campanulate, 3–6 mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, 8–30 in 2 (–3) series, 0-nerved or 2-nerved
11 KB (480 words) - 22:58, 29 July 2020
with recurved tepals, 1–6.5 × 0.6–10 cm; outer tepals entire or fringed; inner tepals variously colored, never pure red or blue, 4.5–40 × 1–15 mm, often glossy
25 KB (1,748 words) - 09:25, 30 July 2020
vinifera); calyx a minute rim, entire or 5-toothed; petals (3–) 5 (–9), connate distally, forming calyptra; nectary free, (3–) 5 (–9) glands alternating with stamens;
14 KB (773 words) - 18:13, 29 July 2020
rarely navicular-sigmoid, dehiscing completely, rarely incompletely, proximal 1/5–1/2 indehiscent, connective splitting, rarely not, sides glabrous, sutures
21 KB (880 words) - 19:09, 29 July 2020
lanceolate or lingulate, often channeled or keeled, rarely concave, mostly ca. 1.5–3.5 mm; base usually ovate to oblong, occasionally sheathing the stem; margins
28 KB (882 words) - 07:00, 30 July 2020
(glabrate to sparsely, minutely strigose, hairs 0.5–1.5 mm in 2 species, sometimes minutely glandular), lobes 5, erect to spreading, deltate, triangular, or
25 KB (1,511 words) - 21:54, 29 July 2020
brown, or white, lanceolate to ovate (wider if solitary), flat to folded, 6–60 cm, glaucous in a few species, glabrous, base narrowed gradually or abruptly
18 KB (1,049 words) - 05:39, 30 July 2020
dehiscence loculicidal. Seeds 6–36, lustrous black, obpyriform to ovoid-ellipsoid, 2–4 mm. x = 15. North America Species 6 (6 in the flora). Cmassia has been
9 KB (519 words) - 05:59, 30 July 2020
short extension of spine-bearing areoles, campanulate or funnelform, 1–6.7 × 1–6 (–7) cm; outer tepals with greenish lavender, reddish-brown, yellowish-brown
19 KB (1,100 words) - 09:23, 30 July 2020
petals; carpels 2–5, connate, adnate to hypanthium, ovary 6–10-loculed by false partitions, apex densely hairy or glabrous, styles 2–6, terminal, distinct
22 KB (1,558 words) - 13:48, 30 July 2020
7-35 5-25 cm, 1.2-1.6 times as long as wide, sinus 1/3-1/2 length of midrib, lobes approximate to overlapping; surfaces glabrous. Flowers 2.5-5 cm diam
7 KB (664 words) - 08:40, 30 July 2020
bractlets 5; hypanthium ± cupulate with flattened bases, 1–5.5 mm, less than 1/2 to nearly as deep as wide, interior often with band of hairs; sepals 5, spreading
16 KB (987 words) - 14:06, 30 July 2020
adnate to ovary, free to 0.5 mm, usually green, rarely purplish; sepals 5, green, sometimes reddish at tips; petals 5 (absent or 1–5 in M. apetala, M. subapetala)
27 KB (988 words) - 13:15, 30 July 2020
cross-sections non-kranz. Inflorescences usually spikes or spikelike racemes, with 1-5 sessile or subsessile spikelets per node, occasionally panicles, sometimes
19 KB (1,548 words) - 02:55, 30 July 2020
unknown plant Treatment appears in FNA Volume 27. Mentioned on page 3, 4, 6, 9, 10, 11, 12, 15, 16, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 32, 33. Plants
16 KB (943 words) - 06:58, 30 July 2020
smooth or scabrous, some branches longer than 1 cm; pedicels usually longer than 3 mm, thinner than 0.5 mm. Spikelets pedicellate, subterete to weakly laterally
22 KB (1,516 words) - 03:14, 30 July 2020
absent; stamens 5-6, adnate to styles and stigmas, forming gynostemium; ovary inferior, 3-locular, 5-locular, or 6-locular; styles 3, 5, or 6, connate in column
10 KB (491 words) - 08:21, 30 July 2020
Treatment on page 176. Mentioned on page 6, 7, 135, 182. Annuals, perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs, (2–) 10–150 [–300+] cm. Leaves mostly basal or mostly cauline;
10 KB (606 words) - 23:21, 29 July 2020
virginianum, Linum westii (Reichenbach) Engelmann Smithsonian Contr. Knowl. 3(5): 25. 1852. Nancy R. Morin Basionym: Linopsis Reichenbach Handb. Nat. Pfl.-Syst
12 KB (469 words) - 18:17, 29 July 2020
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 4. Treatment on page 14. Mentioned on page 15, 68, 5. Herbs, shrubs [or trees], annual or perennial. Roots fibrous to fleshy or
20 KB (1,275 words) - 09:16, 30 July 2020
obtuse, entire or bilobed, lobes, when present, sometimes awn-tipped, awns to 0.6 mm; paleas shorter than the lemmas, 2-veined, veins scabrous; anthers 3; lodicules
21 KB (1,159 words) - 04:42, 30 July 2020
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 17. Treatment on page 305. Mentioned on page 5, 12, 13, 14, 297, 322. Herbs or subshrubs (V. fruticans) [shrubs], perennial
20 KB (967 words) - 19:23, 29 July 2020
well developed, resembling calyx-tube, tepals and stamens perigynous; tepals 6 (-9), in 2 (-3) whorls of 3, sepaloid, equal or rarely unequal, if unequal
10 KB (319 words) - 08:27, 30 July 2020
on page 383. Mentioned on page 6, 7, 8, 10, 15, 17, 384, 394, 402. Annuals, biennials, perennials, or subshrubs, 3–100 cm (taprooted, caudices woody, much
13 KB (844 words) - 22:21, 29 July 2020
revolute. Inflorescences cymose, compact, often flat-topped, 0.5–6 (–12) × 1–10 (–13) cm; branches dichotomous, whitish-lanate to brownish or reddish-tomentose
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terminal, sometimes entirely axillary; cymes 1–6-flowered. Pedicels erect to spreading or reflexed, 0.1–6 mm, sometimes absent. Flowers open, semi-open
11 KB (812 words) - 10:09, 30 July 2020
Seeds 4–25, pale-brown to dark-brown, ovoid to reniform, wings absent. x = 6, 7. w United States, nw Mexico Species 13 (13 in the flora). Cordylanthus is
10 KB (460 words) - 18:57, 29 July 2020
sometimes glanddotted; styles 3–5+ mm, branches 1–1.8 mm, proximal 1/2–4/5 stigmatic, apices acute to rounded. Cypselae 1.5–3.5 (–4) mm; pappi usually coroniform
10 KB (649 words) - 22:36, 29 July 2020
midvein, widest blades not more than 6 mm, glabrous or sheaths hispidulous. Inflorescences racemose, with (1–) 3–6 spikes; proximal nonbasal bracts leaflike
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to conic, shallowly 5-lobed, apex rounded; style distally expanded into broad umbrellalike disc with midribs (arms) extending into 5 evenly spaced, reflexed
17 KB (1,184 words) - 13:09, 30 July 2020
present; buds nodding [erect]. Flowers: sepals 2 (-3), distinct; petals 4 (-6); stamens many; pistil 3-18 [-22] -carpellate; ovary 1-locular, sometimes incompletely
11 KB (522 words) - 08:35, 30 July 2020
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 23. Treatment on page 21. Mentioned on page 5, 6, 27. Illustrator: John Myers Copyright: Flora of North America Association
10 KB (422 words) - 01:32, 30 July 2020
cespitose or soboliferous, not or only shortly rhizomatous. Culms (4) 9-250 cm, sometimes forming a basal corm; nodes and internodes usually glabrous. Sheaths
16 KB (1,258 words) - 02:39, 30 July 2020
Mentioned on page 184, 185, 206. Annuals or perennials [shrubs, vines], 5–400 cm. Stems usually 1, usually erect, (terete or 4-angled, often striate or
22 KB (1,036 words) - 23:27, 29 July 2020
Anthers 0.8–1.5 mm. > 20 20 Tepals 3–4 mm Juncus covillei 20 Tepals 4.5–6 mm Juncus falcatus 21 Tepals 3–4 mm Juncus covillei 21 Tepals 5–6 mm. > 22 22 Tepals
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techniques. Johnston, L. A. 1975. Revision of the Rhamnus serrata complex. Sida 6: 67–79. Wolf, C. B. 1938. The North American species of Rhamnus. Rancho Santa
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proximal 2/3–4/5 stigmatic, apices acute to rounded. Cypselae (3–) 3.5–7.5 mm; pappi usually coroniform or of 2–6, unequal scales, 0.1–2.5 mm, sometimes
12 KB (678 words) - 23:55, 29 July 2020
cohabitation with Ibis, stork, in marshes Treatment appears in FNA Volume 6. Treatment on page 252. Mentioned on page 215, 218, 220, 253, 262. Herbs, annual
20 KB (1,253 words) - 11:27, 30 July 2020
convex, epaleate. Florets (3–) 5 (–15+); corollas usually white, rarely pinkish, throats funnelform to campanulate, lobes 5, triangular; styles: bases sometimes
17 KB (791 words) - 22:42, 29 July 2020
moderately laterally compressed, with 4-30 florets. Lower glumes 3-5-veined; upper glumes 5-9-veined; lemmas elliptic, lanceolate, obovate, or rhombic, rounded
9 KB (742 words) - 02:55, 30 July 2020
332, 336, 3. Herbs, perennial, scapose, from fibrous-coated corms. Leaves 1–6, basal; blade linear, crescent-shaped in cross-section. Scape solitary, cylindrical
12 KB (690 words) - 06:01, 30 July 2020
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 23. Treatment on page 44. Mentioned on page 6, 7, 8, 28, 38, 48, 168. Herbs, perennial or annual, cespitose or not, rhizomatous
18 KB (736 words) - 01:57, 30 July 2020
Leaf-blade ovate to deltate, elliptic, or nearly orbiculate, 0.5–10 (–14) × 0.5–8 cm, thin, margins doubly serrate or serrate (or crenate to shallowly
18 KB (893 words) - 08:41, 30 July 2020
borne singly or (2–5+) in corymbiform arrays. Peduncles mostly 3–30 cm. Involucres campanulate to hemispheric, 6–15 mm diam. Phyllaries 5–13 (–15), distinct
11 KB (916 words) - 23:56, 29 July 2020
perigynium or “bur”); florets 1 (–5+), corollas 0. Staminate heads: involucres cupshaped to saucer-shaped, 1.5–6+ mm diam.; phyllaries 5–16+ in ± 1 series, ± connate;
16 KB (728 words) - 23:11, 29 July 2020
13, 17, 194, 351. Annuals, biennials, or perennials, 1–2 (–3) or (1–) 5–15 (–75+) cm (usually taprooted or developing ± woody caudices, sometimes rhizomatous)
18 KB (845 words) - 15:31, 15 December 2020
turbinate-campanulate, (2.5–) 3–5 (–7) × (1.5–) 2–4 mm, glabrous, tomentose, or sparsely pubescent; teeth 5–8, 0.2–0.6 mm. Flowers (1.5–) 2–4 mm; perianth white
14 KB (1,118 words) - 10:38, 30 July 2020
page 6, 7, 8, 9, 12, 14, 89, 425, 438. Annuals, biennials, perennials, or subshrubs, 15–250+ cm (taprooted, rhizomatous in G. oölepis). Stems (1–6+) usually
23 KB (1,525 words) - 22:29, 29 July 2020
dark red center; staminal column included or exserted; ovules 3 (–6) per carpel; style 5–25-branched; stigmas sometimes black, capitate. Fruits schizocarps
12 KB (726 words) - 11:23, 30 July 2020
(bracteoles absent, present in sect. Oxycoccos). Flowers: sepals 4–5, connate basally; petals 4–5 (–6), connate nearly their entire lengths, sometimes distinct
13 KB (607 words) - 12:52, 30 July 2020
brown, black or gray, irregularly or obliquely obovoid or pyriform, 1.5–5 × 1–3.5 × 1–1.5 mm, papillate, sometimes also rugose, shiny; testa cells convex. x
14 KB (926 words) - 09:24, 30 July 2020
secondary branching fanlike, branches 3–10 (–22) cm, third internode 2–15 (–23) × 1–3.5 (–5) mm, dominant shoot 1–6 mm diam. at base. Staminate pedicels absent
14 KB (1,109 words) - 18:24, 29 July 2020
Sagittaria subulata, Sagittaria teres Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 2: 993. 1753; Gen. Pl. ed. 5; 429, 1754. Robert R. Haynes, C. Barre Hellquist Common names: Sagittaire Etymology:
14 KB (539 words) - 00:58, 30 July 2020
to funnelform to salverform, connate basally into tube, 2–16 cm; tepals subequal; stamens 6, of 2 different lengths, appearing equal or subequal (anthers
12 KB (861 words) - 05:58, 30 July 2020
suberect, inclined, or nutant, ovate, obovate, pyriform, clavate, or turbinate, 2–6 (–7) mm; hypophysis slender or thick; operculum conic to low-convex, rounded
12 KB (810 words) - 07:37, 30 July 2020
veins scabrous, apices unawned (rarely mucronate); lower glumes 0.5-4.9 mm; upper glumes 0.9-6 mm; florets usually bisexual; calluses distinct or poorly developed
14 KB (1,093 words) - 04:44, 30 July 2020
viorna, Clematis viticaulis A. Gray in A. Gray et al. Syn. Fl. N. Amer. 1(1): 5. 1895. James S. Pringle Basionym: Undefined subg. Viorna Spach 1839 Treatment
13 KB (470 words) - 08:24, 30 July 2020
surface usually broadly concave, occasionally narrowly channeled, 0.4–3 (–6) mm; base weakly differentiated in shape to oblong and half-sheathing the stem
28 KB (1,343 words) - 07:04, 30 July 2020
to turbinate-campanulate, (2–) 3.5–5 (–8) × 2–4 mm, tomentose to floccose; teeth 5, erect, 0.1–1 mm. Flowers (2.5–) 3–6 (–7) mm; perianth yellow or white
13 KB (1,117 words) - 10:39, 30 July 2020
style 0.1–1 mm, or absent; stigmas 2–3 (–5), slender. Staminate flowers: tepals 3–5, equal or subequal; stamens 3–5, filaments distinct, anthers 4-locular
32 KB (1,366 words) - 09:41, 30 July 2020
urceolate, ± 5-angled, weakly keeled or not keeled, glabrous, pilose, or puberulent, lobes not reflexed, length 0.5–1 times tube; petals 5, lavender, magenta
25 KB (2,084 words) - 13:06, 30 July 2020
biosystematic survey of Coreopsis in eastern United States and Canada. Sida 6: 123–215. Smith, E. B. 1984. Biosystematic study and typification of the Californian
12 KB (827 words) - 23:22, 29 July 2020
terebinthinaceum, Silphium wasiotense Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 2: 919. 1753. , Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 391. 1754. Jennifer A. Clevinger Etymology: Greek silphion, an unknown plant
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perceived to symbolize Christ’s crucifixion Treatment appears in FNA Volume 6. Treatment on page 171. Mentioned on page 172, 173. Vines, glabrous or densely
19 KB (1,406 words) - 11:20, 30 July 2020
sheaths open, upper sheaths sometimes inflated; auricles absent; ligules 0.6-6.5 mm, truncate to acute, membranous, puberulent or glabrous, entire to lacerate;
13 KB (1,084 words) - 02:42, 30 July 2020
orange, or 2-colored]; nectary extrastaminal, annular and 5-lobed or of 5 glands; stamens [6–] 8 or 10 in 1–2 whorls, distinct or connate basally to most
14 KB (637 words) - 18:28, 29 July 2020
Treatment on page 445. Mentioned on page 5, 6, 7, 8, 13, 15, 386, 446. Perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs, 20–250 cm (root crowns woody). Stems erect, usually
11 KB (801 words) - 20:56, 29 July 2020
in FNA Volume 3. Roots 3-8 (-12) -branched at least 1 cm from stem attachment, (4-) 10-30 (-40) cm, fibrous, twisted, dry, thin threadlike segments apparent
8 KB (562 words) - 08:23, 30 July 2020
pistillate on same plant. Staminate flowers sessile or pedicellate; calyx of 2-6 sepals; stamens 1-2, straight. Pistillate flowers sessile; ovary 1-locular;
8 KB (474 words) - 08:43, 30 July 2020
canescens var. shastensis). Involucres turbinate, campanulate, or hemispheric, 6–16 × 6–30 mm. Phyllaries 25–100 in 3–12 series, appressed, spreading, or reflexed
11 KB (782 words) - 22:23, 29 July 2020
and intravaginal. Culms 5-120 cm, terete or weakly compressed; nodes terete or weakly compressed. Sheaths closed for (1/6) 1/4 – 3/5 their length, terete
10 KB (1,062 words) - 03:18, 30 July 2020
internodes 3.5-12 (15) mm. Spikelets 1/2 - 33/4 times the length of the rachis internodes, usually sessile, sometimes pedicellate, pedicels to 5 mm, appressed
20 KB (1,611 words) - 03:05, 30 July 2020
Arabis patens, Arabis pycnocarpa Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 2: 664. 1753. , Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 298. 1754. Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz Common names: Rockcress Etymology: Latin Arabia
15 KB (974 words) - 12:07, 30 July 2020
Leaves: petiole 5–10 mm; blade bright green, slightly glaucous to strongly gray-glaucous, shiny or dull, elliptic to ovate, 2–4.5 × 1–2.5 cm, base cuneate
9 KB (736 words) - 13:15, 30 July 2020
ovary to 0.5 mm, green or pink to purple, (0.1–4 mm); sepals 5, green, sometimes reddish at tips, sometimes ± purple; petals absent or (1–) 5, white, cream
21 KB (1,151 words) - 12:59, 30 July 2020
Involucres obconic to turbinate or campanulate, (3–9.5 ×) 2–8 mm. Phyllaries 15–30 in (3–) 4–6 series, 1-nerved (midnerves usually barely evident; flat
12 KB (695 words) - 20:55, 29 July 2020
1-50-flowered cymes. Flowers pedicellate; sepals deciduous soon after anthesis, 5; petals yellow (rarely absent in R. pedatifidus); nectary scale joined with
12 KB (526 words) - 08:22, 30 July 2020
or orange, or not changing color, 1.5–8 mm; stamens subequal, filaments 1.5–5.5 mm, anthers 1.5–6 mm, ciliate; style 5–16 mm, stigma exserted beyond anthers
11 KB (951 words) - 21:04, 7 June 2022
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 2. Stems long-creeping to ascending to erect, 1.5–12 mm or more diam. Blades 1-pinnate to pinnate-pinnatifid, rarely 2-pinnate
14 KB (584 words) - 00:28, 30 July 2020
Gray in War Department [U.S.] in War Department[U.S.], Pacif. Railr. Rep. 6(3): 77, plate 13. 1858 ·. Dieter H. Wilken Etymology: [[Etymology::Alpinegold
9 KB (598 words) - 00:03, 30 July 2020
sect. Gaylussacia (species 2–5) with deciduous leaves with some stipitate-glandular hairs; and sect. Decamerium (species 6–10) with deciduous leaves and
10 KB (580 words) - 12:53, 30 July 2020
Siphonychia Torrey & A. Gray Treatment appears in FNA Volume 5. Treatment on page 30. Mentioned on page 4, 5, 29, 31, 37. Herbs, annual, biennial, or perennial,
21 KB (1,113 words) - 10:32, 30 July 2020
rancid, 5–17 mm diam.; hypanthium green to red, obconic, 2–6 mm, glabrous or hairy; sepals 5, erect or ascending, ovate or triangular; petals 5, white or
21 KB (1,208 words) - 14:28, 30 July 2020
the internodes, open; ligules membranous and ciliate or of hairs; blades 6-25 cm long, 1-8 mm wide, flat or involute, margins not thick and cartilaginous
11 KB (976 words) - 04:34, 30 July 2020
stem; proximal 1–5 lateral spikes pistillate, with 40–200 perigynia, or, sometimes, some androgynous, pedunculate, prophyllate; distal 1–6; lateral spikes
13 KB (709 words) - 02:14, 30 July 2020
and without whorled bracts. Involucre ± actinomorphic, not spurred; glands 4–5 (2–3 in E. oblongata), flat or slightly convex; appendages absent or hornlike
19 KB (827 words) - 18:28, 29 July 2020
Primarily boreal and cool temperate zones of Northern Hemisphere Genera 6, species ca. 125 (5 genera, 33 species in the flora). Betulaceae belong to an ancient
14 KB (815 words) - 08:47, 30 July 2020
Pedicels straight in fruit, 0.4–6 (–10) cm, proximal often longer than distal. Flowers 5-merous; hypanthium (1.8–) 2.5–7 mm diam.; petals pale-yellow to
21 KB (1,382 words) - 14:01, 30 July 2020
than the florets, 1-veined; upper glumes usually longer than the florets, 1-6-veined; lemmas shorter than the paleas, 1-3-veined, midveins keeled, lateral-veins
15 KB (1,152 words) - 04:46, 30 July 2020
(2–) 5–50 (–70) -flowered, cymose, ± to very open. Pedicels straight in fruit, 0.2–3 (–6.5) cm, proximal often much longer than distal. Flowers 5-merous;
18 KB (1,044 words) - 13:56, 30 July 2020
± basally truncate), in distal 1/3–3/4 of phyllary (outer) to less than 1/6 and only along midnerves (inner), apices obtuse to acute, faces glabrous, ±
20 KB (1,017 words) - 22:19, 29 July 2020
cauline leaves sometimes bladeless, glabrous. Inflorescences racemose, with 3–5 (–6) spikes; proximal nonbasal bracts leaflike or bladeless, long-sheathing;
9 KB (460 words) - 02:08, 30 July 2020
often enclosed within fleshy, flask-shaped receptacle (syconium); sepals 2-6, distinct or partly connate (vestigial in Brosimum). Staminate flowers: stamens
9 KB (490 words) - 08:32, 30 July 2020
pedunculate, not subtended by foliaceous bracts, (6–) 40–100+ in ± corymbiform to paniculiform arrays (6–) 10–25+ cm diam. Involucres ± campanulate to obconic
13 KB (807 words) - 20:05, 29 July 2020
glands [0–] (2–) 5, slightly concave, flat, or slightly convex; appendages usually petaloid, occasionally rudimentary. Staminate flowers (5–) 20–25 (–70)
16 KB (581 words) - 18:23, 29 July 2020
usually of 6–13 subulate to lanceolate-aristate or shorter and broader scales (longer and shorter often alternating), rarely 0. x = 4, 5, 6, 7. w United
13 KB (911 words) - 23:39, 29 July 2020
(F. Townsend) Wettstein agg. (species 3 and 4), E. nemorosa agg. (species 6–10), E. oakesii agg. (species 13–15), and E. minima Jacquin ex de Candolle
17 KB (854 words) - 19:26, 29 July 2020
Sporophores pinnately branched or simple. Sporangia exposed or embedded, 0.5–1.5 mm diam., thick-walled, with thousands of spores. Spores all 1 kind, trilete
8 KB (289 words) - 00:26, 30 July 2020
ovate or ovate-deltate, 3–6 (–8) cm, thin to chartaceous, base cuneate to rounded or truncate to subcordate, lobes 0 or 3–6 per side, sinuses shallow to
13 KB (959 words) - 14:41, 30 July 2020
wide (70–95 µm or more); (5) specialized asexual reproduction by broken leaf tips or flagellated branches common vs. rare; (6) specialized habitat of rocks
26 KB (1,278 words) - 06:56, 30 July 2020
Flowers: sepals 1–3-veined, sometimes obscurely so, ovate to lanceolate, 3–6.5 mm, not expanding in fruit, margins narrow, apex obtuse or acute to acuminate
10 KB (805 words) - 10:12, 30 July 2020
Treatment on page 23. Mentioned on page 3, 5, 6, 24, 34. Perennials, subshrubs, shrubs, or trees, 10–600 cm (dioecious [rarely monoecious], usually glabrous
19 KB (1,032 words) - 15:27, 15 December 2020
obovate, ovate, lanceolate, or elliptic, planoconvex in cross-section, 1.5–4 mm, base rounded or truncate, with spongy tissue, margins rounded or acutely
11 KB (598 words) - 01:52, 30 July 2020
membranous or scarious). Receptacles flat to convex, epaleate. Ray-florets 0, or 1–6, pistillate, fertile; corollas yellow. Disc-florets 1–60 [–100+], bisexual
7 KB (473 words) - 23:35, 29 July 2020
solitary flowers, to 30 cm; bracts leaflike, not forming involucre. Flowers bisexual, radially symmetric; sepals not persistent in fruit, 5, white to blue, yellow
12 KB (514 words) - 08:29, 30 July 2020
turbinate, turbinate-obconic, or campanulate, 10–25 mm diam. Phyllaries 20–50 in 3–6 series, ± unequal (± appressed, often reddish or purplish at margins and tips)
12 KB (637 words) - 21:48, 29 July 2020
white or cream colored to greenish or red tinged, actinomorphic, 0.5–2 cm diam.; tepals 6, often connate basally, each bearing 1 or 2, sometimes obscure to
13 KB (735 words) - 06:04, 30 July 2020
not; rosettes solitary or sparingly cespitose, 1.5–6 × 1.5–10 dm. Leaves ascending, 12–50 × 1–5.5 cm; blade grayish green to yellowish green or green,
7 KB (560 words) - 06:13, 30 July 2020
broadly elliptic, (1.5–) 3–6 (–9) cm, thin to chartaceous, base cuneate to rounded, sometimes truncate to subcordate, lobes 0 or 1–4 (or 5) per side, sinuses
16 KB (1,084 words) - 14:44, 30 July 2020
to corymbiform or fastigiate arrays. Involucres hemispheric to campanulate 6–20 mm diam. Phyllaries 11–60+ in 3 series (mostly spreading to erect in fruit
10 KB (710 words) - 22:39, 29 July 2020
FNA Volume 6. Treatment on page 420. Mentioned on page 418, 419, 421, 422. Plants annual or perennial [rarely subshrubs], deciduous, stems 1–2 cm (except
9 KB (637 words) - 11:41, 30 July 2020
exposed at maturity; rachises usually terete, with (1) 5-many fascicles; fascicle axes 0.2-7.5 (28) mm, with (1) 3-130+ bristles and 1-12 spikelets. Bristles
18 KB (1,301 words) - 04:12, 30 July 2020
bractlets 5; hypanthium shallowly cupulate, 0.5–3 × 2.5–7 mm; sepals 5, spreading to reflexed or erect, narrowly to broadly-triangular-ovate; petals 5, white
22 KB (1,357 words) - 14:09, 30 July 2020
tennesseensis, Xyris torta Gronovius in C. Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 1: 42. 1753; Gen. Pl. ed. 5; 25, 1754. Robert Kral Common names: Yellow-eyed-grass Etymology: Greek xyron
16 KB (658 words) - 00:56, 30 July 2020
soboliferous, sometimes rhizomatous. Culms 10-140 (150) cm, erect, usually glabrous, usually smooth; nodes 1-6; branching intra or extravaginal at the base, not
13 KB (1,054 words) - 02:48, 30 July 2020
dark-brown, redbrown, or blackish brown, shiny, slender to stout, 2–5 (–7) cm. Leaves: petiole 1–3 cm, glabrous or sparsely hairy young, eglandular or glandular
14 KB (936 words) - 14:35, 30 July 2020
3–5: 1; distal cells roundedquadrate, occasionally transversely elliptical along margins, 6–12 (–18) µm wide, papillae usually 2-fid, crowded, 2–6 per
16 KB (1,136 words) - 07:01, 30 July 2020
P. P. de Candolle in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 6: 440. 1838. John L. Strother Etymology: Greek tetradymos, fourfold, evidently
10 KB (537 words) - 21:25, 29 July 2020
or cupulate; tepals 6, in 2 similar whorls, distinct, nectaries present on all tepals, but better developed on inner ones; stamens 6, included; anthers
13 KB (449 words) - 05:41, 30 July 2020
axillary, 4–12-flowered, 0.75–2.5 × 1–3 cm. Flowers 5–8 mm diam.; hypanthia campanulate, 2–4 mm; sepals triangular, 1.5–2 mm; petals white, obovate to suborbiculate
20 KB (1,036 words) - 14:24, 30 July 2020
narrowly campanulate, sometimes hemispheric, (5–22+ ×) 2–22+ mm diam. Phyllaries either (without calyculi) 25–80+ in 4–6+ series and orbiculate to oblong, lance-oblong
16 KB (748 words) - 20:19, 29 July 2020
near the apex; costa percurrent or excurrent, occupying most of subula, 1/6–1/3 width of leaf base, 1 row of guide cells, 2 stereid bands, adaxial stereid
12 KB (487 words) - 06:59, 30 July 2020
solitary or not, unbranched proximal to inflorescence, trigonous, (6–) 10–100 (–125) cm (high-climbing into trees), weak or wiry. Leaves few-to-many per
13 KB (648 words) - 01:45, 30 July 2020
wavy ridges, cells elongate, cell margins straight. w North America Species 6 (6 in the flora). None. Delphinium antoninum, Delphinium basalticum, Delphinium
8 KB (520 words) - 08:47, 30 July 2020
opened by fire, globose or oblong, 1–4 cm; scales persistent, 3–6 pairs, valvate, peltate, thick and woody. Seeds 5–20 per scale, lenticular or faceted,
8 KB (582 words) - 00:28, 30 July 2020
in Populus angustifolia, margins subentire or crenate, basilaminar glands 0–6). Inflorescences axillary or terminal, catkins, pendulous, sessile, unbranched
32 KB (2,739 words) - 12:04, 30 July 2020
Volume 28. Treatment on page 166. Mentioned on page 155, 156. Stems 0.5–4 (–6) cm, usually comose; sparsely to moderately radiculose. Leaves ovate, ovatelanceolate
11 KB (764 words) - 07:38, 30 July 2020
apically; petals 0 or 5, rudimentary; ovary 3-locular; styles 3, 1–2.5 mm, deeply 2-fid, terminal segments 6. Capsules 3.5–6 × 4–5 mm, smooth; columella
10 KB (534 words) - 18:31, 29 July 2020
elongate-linear or rectangular; distal cells usually rounded, almost isodiametric, 6–24 µm, papillose only over lumina, papillae 1–4 per cell, conic or 2-fid; marginal
24 KB (641 words) - 07:46, 30 July 2020
tube 1.5–4 mm, lobes 5, 1–6 mm; corolla-tube maroon or yellow (fading to white) with reddish to magenta, thin, wavy ring, ring rarely absent, lobes 5, usually
13 KB (1,045 words) - 13:06, 30 July 2020
(rarely 4–) 5, usually ± erect, sometimes spreading, yellowish to green or white, ovate-triangular, fleshy, keeled adaxially; petals (rarely 4–) 5, yellowish
10 KB (499 words) - 18:33, 29 July 2020
Bulbs seldom clustered, globose, 1–5 cm diam. Leaves usually fewer than 10, 1–6 dm × 4–20 mm. Inflorescences 20–80 cm; sterile bracts absent, bracts subtending
7 KB (506 words) - 05:59, 30 July 2020
lanceolate-elliptic or orbiculate, 3–6.5 × 1.3–2.5 cm; filaments 0.7–2.8 cm; anthers 3.2–6 mm; pistil 1.5–3.5 cm; style white to pale green, 3–10 (–13)
10 KB (682 words) - 06:11, 30 July 2020
prickle; petals 6, in 2 whorls of 3; stamens 20-250 or more; pistil 3-5 (-7) -carpellate; ovary 1-locular; style short, to 3 mm in fruit; stigma 3-5 (-7) -lobed
14 KB (554 words) - 08:36, 30 July 2020
66, 67. Annuals or perennials [shrubs, trees], 7–15+ cm (Verbesina nana) or 30–200 (–400) [–2500+] cm. Stems usually erect, usually branched (internodes
12 KB (721 words) - 23:07, 29 July 2020
well defined, 3–7 (–8) mm, 1–3 cm apart; apical spine dark-brown to gray, subulate or acicular, 1.5–4 cm. Scape (2–) 3–6 m. Inflorescences broadly paniculate
8 KB (569 words) - 06:13, 30 July 2020
Mentioned on page 60, 387, 429. Annuals, biennials, or perennials, (1–) 5–65 cm; taprooted or fibrous-rooted [subrhizomatous]. Stems 1+, usually erect,
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shed at anthesis; stamens often 100+, often showy, usually fertile; ovary 3–6-locular; ovules 10–100+, sterile ones often present. Fruits capsules, brown
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annual. Culms 14-180 cm, solitary or branched at the base; internodes usually hollow throughout in hexaploids, usually solid for about 1 cm below the spike
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ellipsoid or ovoid to cylindric, opening by 6 ascending to recurved teeth; carpophore absent. Seeds [1–] 5–35, brown to dark-brown or black, reniform or
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marginal cells differentiated, linear, rhomboidal, or rectangular, in (1–) 2–3 (–6) rows. Specialized asexual reproduction absent (sometimes by green protonematous
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The base chromosome number of Xylorhiza (x = 6) also contrasts with that of Machaeranthera (x = 4 or 5). Two sections were recognized by Watson: sect
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hemispheric, 2–3 mm wide; sepals 5, spreading, brown to greenish, ovate-triangular to triangular, keeled adaxially; petals 5, greenish or yellowish to creamy
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page 255, 335, 337, 338, 339, 340, 341. Annuals (perennials), to 40 (–60) cm (taprooted or roots fibrous, fleshy and clustered in Lasthenia californica
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collar, spreading, nonaccrescent; pyrenes (2 or) 3–5, often angular. c, e North America Species 6 (6 in the flora). Members of ser. Pruinosae are common
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leaves 1.2–1.5 mm and stems usually 1–2 cm and slender (related to the leaf size); ‘medium’ refers to stem leaves 1.5–3 mm and stems 2–4 cm; ‘large’ or
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to oblong-lanceolate or tapering from base, 1–6 (–11) × 0.2–1.2 (–2) cm, 2–4 mm thick, base 0.5–1.5 (–2) cm wide, apex acute to subacuminate, often apiculate
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blade shape and lobing similar throughout. Inflorescences usually 5-10 flowers per 5 cm, ± dense, cylindric (greatly shortened in some), spurs rarely intersecting
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with 1-6 racemosely axillary arranged branches, panicles partially or completely enclosed by the subtending leaf-sheath; branches 2-12 (17) cm, ascending
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grayi), long hairs (if present) soft to weak, sometimes stiff. Inflorescences 1–6 (–12) -flowered, ± cymose, ± to very open, or solitary flowers. Pedicels usually
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400. Mentioned on page 5, 182, 364, 365, 366, 395, 401, 402. Annuals, biennials, perennials, or subshrubs, (2–) 5–70 (–200) cm (taprooted). Stems erect
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spongy, flexible when dried, 2–8 (–15) cm, bearing tubers (3–) 6–11 mm diam. Culms trigonous, 15–60 (–100) cm × 0.6–3.4 mm, glabrous. Leaves 3–7, flat to
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Philonotis uncinata, Philonotis yezoana Bridel Bryol. Univ. 2: 15, plate 6, fig. 5. 1827. Dana G. Griffin III Etymology: Greek philo- , loving, and notis
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sheaths (2.0) 2.9-4.4 (6.5) cm long, (1.5) 2.3-3.4 (4.4) mm wide; peduncles (1) 6-14 (60) mm, with 2 (4) rames; rames (1) 1.7-2.5 (3.5) cm, exserted or not at
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(species 1 and 2), followed by subshrubs and perennial herbs (species 3 to 6), and concludes with annual herbs (species 7 to 18). Within each growth form
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loose or dense tufts, green, yellowish, or sometimes brownish. Stems 0.5–3 (–6) cm; sparsely to strongly radiculose. Stem-leaves oblong-lanceolate to obovate;
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Association Leaves floating; petiole to 100 cm; blade ovate, narrowly oval, or narrowly lanceolate, 6–23 × 1.5–7.5 cm, base rounded to attenuate, apex obtuse
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crowded). Involucres cylindro-turbinate to hemispheric, (3.8–6.5 ×) 2–10 mm. Phyllaries 10–50 in 2–6 series, midnerves not evident or indurate, elliptic to linear-lanceolate
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inflorescence branches, cylindric to turbinate or rarely campanulate; teeth 5, rarely 6–8, erect or rarely spreading, rarely lobelike, spreading to somewhat reflexed
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in staminate flowers. Achenes flattened or nearly terete; beak more than 1.5 cm, plumose. Worldwide Species 50-100 (11 in the flora). The Asian (Korean)
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Treatment on page 93. Mentioned on page 65, 95, 100. Perennials, 10–45 (–100) cm (taproots slender or massive, thick or thin-barked; caudices unbranched or
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scattered or in 1–6 whorls or partial whorls, 3–19 leaves per whorl, horizontal and drooping at tips to ascending, 4.9–26.5 × 0.3–5.6 cm, 3–34 times longer
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articulation swollen or not; perianth campanulate; tepals 4–5, connate 1/4–2/3 their length; stamens 5–8; styles deciduous, 2–3, included or exserted (exserted
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diam., tip straight to recurved, glabrous or distal 10–50% hairy, hairs to 1.5 mm; style glabrous. Capsules glabrous. Seeds brown, 0.8–4 mm. w North America
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Pedicels ± straight in fruit, 0.2–2 (–5) cm, proximal often much longer than distal. Flowers 5-merous; hypanthium 2.5–6 mm diam.; petals pale-yellow or yellow
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villous, pilose, or villosulous). Heads borne singly. Calyculi persistent, of (6–) 8–18 (–20) broadly ovate to lanceolate bractlets in (1–) 2–3 series, distinct
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(–150), connate basally; pistil (4–) 5 (–6) -carpellate; ovules 2–4 per locule; styles 1 or 5; stigmas [4–] 5 [–6] -lobed or unlobed. Capsules brown, conic
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persistent, 5 (–6) in ± 1 series, 2–3-nerved, ovate or oblong to lanceolate or linear, ± equal (herbaceous). Receptacles flat or convex, epaleate. Florets 5 (–6);
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lateral-veins more prominent than midvein, widest leaf-blades 5+ mm, glabrous. Inflorescences racemose, with 3–6 spikes; proximal nonbasal bracts leaflike, long-sheathing
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Knowl. 5(6): 26. 1853. Susannah B. Johnson-Fulton, Linda E. Watson Common names: Wright´s yellowshow Illustrated Treatment appears in FNA Volume 6. Treatment
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erect, yellow, 6–9 cm; anthers yellow, 25–35 mm; ovary 3–4.5 cm, neck constricted, 3–6 (–8) mm. Capsules short-pedicellate, oblong, 3.5–8 cm, apex beaked
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pubescent. Spikelets (6) 7-17 mm, with 3-10 florets. Glumes ovatelanceolate to lanceolate, exceeded by the distal florets; lower glumes (1.5) 2-6 (7) mm; upper
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apically attenuate bristles in 1–2 series, sometimes forming coronas. x = 5, 6. w North America, nw Mexico Species 12 (12 in the flora). In gland-bearing
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basal rosette and cauline (sometimes not present at flowering), (0.5–) 2–8 (–13) cm; blade margins sinuate-dentate to denticulate, serrate, lobed, or entire
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Volume 6. Treatment on page 150. Mentioned on page 112, 118, 144, 151, 152, 153, 160, 162. Plants perennial, caulescent, not stoloniferous, 1.5–25 cm. Stems
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Ray-florets 0. Disc-florets 2–40+ (often 5–6); corollas yellow, tubes shorter than campanulate to funnelform throats, lobes 5, erect to spreading, triangular to
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366. Mentioned on page 25, 359, 367, 376, 394, 395, 440. Plants usually 3–10 cm, occasionally longer. Stems usually simple, not tomentose or with dense reddish
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ovate to oblong, 5-17 × (3.5-) 5-7 (-9) mm, abaxially hairy, adaxially glabrous; stamens 50-80. Heads of achenes spheric; pedicel 6-15 (-23) cm. Achenes: body
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broadly elliptic, 1.9–4.5 (–6.5) × 0.5–2 (–3) cm, margins entire, surfaces sparsely glandular. Racemes (dense) 5–20 cm (10–30 cm in fruit); bracts unifoliate
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10 m, glabrous. Leaves: petiole 0.6–3.5 (–5) cm; blade elliptic, elliptic-lanceolate or oblong to ovate, to 15 × 7 cm, base rounded to cuneate, apex acuminate
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on page 32. Mentioned on page 6, 7, 33, 38, 41. Annuals, perennials, or subshrubs [treelets], 10–120 (–300+) [–1200+] cm. Leaves cauline; opposite; petiolate
8 KB (555 words) - 23:33, 29 July 2020
pulchella, Grusonia schottii F. Reichenbach ex K. Schumann Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 6: 177. 1896. Donald J. Pinkava Common names: Club-cholla Etymology: for Hermann
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in FNA Volume 26. Rosettes globose, 3.5–7.5 × 4–8.5 dm. Leaves ascending to erect, (18–) 25–65 × (4.5–) 6.5–20 cm; blade linear to lanceolate to broadly
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racemes, 3-30 cm long, 2-12 cm wide, with 2 or more spikelets per node; nodes glabrous or with straight, about 0.5 mm hairs; primary branches 3-6 cm, appressed
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(burgundy in two) to black fully mature fruit, usually fairly short (1.5–3.5 cm) thorns, and laterally eroded pyrenes. The lateral erosion or pitting on
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page 229. Mentioned on page 10, 216, 231, 239, 647, 659. Plants (1–) 2–5 (–10) cm, dense or open mats. Stems green or yellow-green, usually brownish with
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entire, toothed, or glandular-toothed, herbaceous or scarious; petals (4–) 5–10 (–19), twisting about and falling away with capsules after anthesis; stamens
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thin, lacking apophysis and umbo; bracts included. Seeds winged; cotyledons 5–15. x =12. North temperate regions, North America, Mexico, Eurasia Species
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oblong-lanceolate, (3–) 4–6 × 1.5–2.5 mm; lip recurved, pale greenish to white, triangular-lanceolate to lanceolate, 2.5–7 × 1.5–3.5 mm; spur usually deflexed
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petals white, obovate, oblong, or obovate-cuneate, 4.5–10 mm, 1.6–1.8 times as long as wide, 0.5–1.1 times longer than sepals, apex retuse, obtuse, erose
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distinct, white or pink to rose [rarely blue], equal, not clawed; stamens 6 or 0–3, all fertile, equal; filaments glabrous or bearded; ovary 2–3-locular
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emarginate, 3–5 teeth of central lobe apex usually equally distal. Peduncles 2.5–6 cm. Flowers 4–6.5 cm diam.; sepals linear to narrowly ovate, 15–20 × 3–5 mm, apex
7 KB (598 words) - 11:39, 30 July 2020
bracts 2–6 mm. Flowers white with redbrown spots at bases of perianth parts; sepals spatulate, 4–6 × 1–2 mm, apex apiculate; lateral sepals connate to 3/4
7 KB (649 words) - 05:32, 30 July 2020
stamens (5–) 6, proximal 3 fertile, medial different in form, size from others, distal (2–) 3 staminodial; filaments glabrous; antherodes commonly 4–6-lobed;
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diam.; epicalyx bractlets, if present, 5 (10 in G. glaciale); hypanthium saucer-shaped to cupshaped, 2–6 mm; sepals 5 (–10 in G. glaciale), erect to erect-spreading
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distal portions obovate, 2.5–4 × 1.2–2.8 cm, margins erose; style disc green, 2.5–4 cm diam. Capsules 0.6–1.2 cm diam. Seeds 1.2–1.5 mm. Generated Map Legacy
10 KB (1,044 words) - 13:09, 30 July 2020
1 (–4.6) mm; petals linear, elliptic, or oblong, (4–) 6–10.2 (–15) × (1.8–) 2.6–4 (–5.3) mm; stamens (15–) 19–21 (–28); styles (3–) 5 (or 6), (1.5–) 3.4–4
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ovate, ovate-elliptic, ovate or elliptic-lanceolate, or obovate-spatulate, 1.5–6.5 mm, proximal leaves much smaller; base short to long-decurrent; margins plane
13 KB (645 words) - 07:41, 30 July 2020
Seeds 5–38, globose, obovoid, triangular, or horseshoe-shaped, not arillate, (cleft fused between ends). x = 10. North America, Mexico Species 6 (6 in the
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slightly recurved, 2-years old very dark-brown to black, ± slender, (1.5–) 2–3 (–5) cm. Leaves: petiole length 20–50 (–55) % blade, glabrous, sparsely to densely
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flowers: sepals 3–5, usually green, sometimes reddish green, not petaloid, valvate, distinct; petals 0; nectary absent [present]; stamens 2–6 (–10) [–25], distinct
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entire. Scape 0.5–25 dm. Inflorescences paniculate, rarely racemose, 3–18 dm; bracts caducous or occasionally persistent. Flowers 2–5 per node, functionally
10 KB (569 words) - 06:10, 30 July 2020
to lanceolate, often awn-tipped; lemmas 6-25 mm, glabrous or hairy, usually awned, awns to 15 mm; anthers 1.5-5 mm. Colo., Wash., Alaska, Idaho, Alta.,
5 KB (920 words) - 03:04, 30 July 2020
Involucres oblong, urceolate, cylindric, or turbinate, 0.5–2 mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, 2–6 (–9) in ± 1 series (linear, concave, or boatshaped, subequal)
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Culms sometimes solitary, scapose, stiff or flaccid, terete, compressed, or 3–5-angled, coarse or fine. Leaves basal, distichous or polystichous; sheaths open
13 KB (547 words) - 01:31, 30 July 2020
Flowers unisexual; tepals 6, greenish, yellow, or bronze, ovate to elliptic; staminate flowers sometimes with pistillode, stamens 6, anthers basifixed, dehiscence
14 KB (755 words) - 06:14, 30 July 2020
-flowered cymes. Flowers pedicellate; sepals deciduous soon after anthesis, 3-5; petals yellow; nectary scale attached on 3 sides, forming pocket enclosing
9 KB (584 words) - 08:33, 30 July 2020
usually recurved in fruit, 0.5–2 (–4) cm, proximal usually not much longer than distal. Flowers 5-merous; hypanthium 2–6 mm diam.; petals pale to bright-yellow
12 KB (863 words) - 13:59, 30 July 2020
throats, lobes 5, lance-linear to linear-oblong; anther thecae cream to purple; stigmatic papillae in 2 lines. Cypselae stoutly obpyramidal, 5 (–6) -angled,
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glabrous. Leaves: petiole 1.6-12.5 cm; leaflets mostly 5, petiolules 0.2-2.2 cm, blades oblong to ovate-elliptic, 0.7-8.2 × 0.4-4.2 cm, base rounded, margins
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Mentioned on page 221, 222. Annuals, perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs, (1–) 5–30 cm. Stems erect to spreading or decumbent, branched from bases or ± throughout
11 KB (587 words) - 23:33, 29 July 2020
to many, erect to spreading, straight to recurved, 1–100 cm; ligule deltate to cordiform, 1–6 mm, membranous. Sporangia ovoid to ellipsoid or oblong, 3–15
15 KB (1,109 words) - 00:22, 30 July 2020
with spikelets confined to the distal 1/5 – 1/3 (1/2). Spikelets 2.5-8.2 mm, laterally compressed; florets (1) 2-5 (6), normal, bisexual; rachilla internodes
8 KB (952 words) - 03:17, 30 July 2020
Crassula tillaea, Crassula viridis Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 1: 282. 1753. , Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 136. 1754 ,. Reid V. Moran Common names: Pygmyweed Latin crassus thick and
11 KB (847 words) - 12:59, 30 July 2020
(3–) 4–5 (–14); corollas 3.5–6.5 mm, lobes 0.7–1.7 mm; style-branches 2.2–3.2 mm (exserted beyond spreading corolla lobes), appendages 0.8–1.5 mm (length
9 KB (684 words) - 21:47, 29 July 2020
spiraled, 1–3.5 mm, with 1 vein or fewer than 10 widely spaced longitudinal veins, membranous. Styles 3-fid. Achenes trigonous to nearly terete, 0.5–1.1 mm,
8 KB (548 words) - 01:30, 30 July 2020
(9–) 10 (–12) in 1 whorl; carpels 6–12, connate at least in proximal 1/2; ovary 6–12-loculed. Berries purple-black, 6–11 mm diam. Seeds black, lenticular
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page 52, 68, 486, 531. Perennials or subshrubs, (1–) 5–60 (–70) cm (usually aromatic). Stems 1–5+ (with interxylary cork), lax to erect, branched from
9 KB (565 words) - 20:44, 29 July 2020
shiny dark-brown or black, older gray, usually slender, sometimes stout, 2–6 cm. Leaves: petiole short, length 10–25 (–50) % blade, pubescent, usually eglandular
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subcylindric, 9–18 × 4–8 mm. Phyllaries 10–20 in 3–6 series, tan, ovate to lanceolate or elliptic, 5–11+ × 0.7–2 mm, subequal, mostly chartaceous, sometimes
11 KB (730 words) - 21:17, 29 July 2020
rhizoids often on abaxial surface of costa. Dicranodontium 6 Plants slender and julaceous. Aongstroemia 6 Plants not julaceous, leaves usually crisped, contorted
14 KB (515 words) - 06:54, 30 July 2020
minute, central papilla. Generated Map Legacy Map North America Varieties 6 (6 in the flora). None. Allium canadense var. canadense, Allium canadense var
8 KB (568 words) - 05:48, 30 July 2020
mallow, and thamnos, shrub, alluding to habit Treatment appears in FNA Volume 6. Treatment on page 280. Mentioned on page 219, 281, 283. Subshrubs or shrubs
13 KB (608 words) - 11:29, 30 July 2020
or turbinate, 3–10 (–12) mm diam. Phyllaries persistent or falling, in 3–6+ series, mostly ovate to lanceolate or linear, unequal. Receptacles flat, epaleate
14 KB (712 words) - 20:43, 29 July 2020
Racemes 0.5–25 cm, (congested or considerably elongated). Fruiting pedicels horizontal to ascending, straight, 2.5–15 mm. Flowers: sepals 1.6–5.3 × 0.5–1.5 mm
10 KB (918 words) - 12:35, 30 July 2020
linear to broadly lanceolate, sometimes ovate, 1–6 cm, not fleshy, margins wavy, involute, (0–) 3 (–5) -lobed, apex rounded or narrowly acute to acuminate;
11 KB (743 words) - 18:50, 29 July 2020
whitish yellow to black, 0.1-1.5 mm diam., smooth, commonly proliferous and forming clones. Stems upright, forming caudex, to 1.6cm thick (cormlike in O. crotalophoroides);
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lateral-veins usually moderately pronounced; lower glumes (3) 3.5-5 (6) mm, 3-veined; upper glumes 3.5-5.5 (6.5) mm, nearly equaling to slightly exceeding the lowest
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[distinct], equal (each often subtending a nectary); petals equal; stamens 6 (usually exserted, distinct, equal); filaments inserted on a discoid or conical
8 KB (453 words) - 12:06, 30 July 2020
1–1.6 (–2.3) × 0.4–0.7 mm. Disc-florets (2–) 4–6 (–8); corollas 2–3.5 (–4.5) mm, lobes (0.5–) 0.7–1 (–1.3) mm. Cypselae (narrowly obconic) 0.9–1.5 mm,
12 KB (875 words) - 21:39, 29 July 2020
annual or perennial; sometimes rhizomatous, sometimes cespitose. Culms 5-150 cm, glabrous or pubescent, basal branching extravaginal. Sheaths open the
13 KB (1,134 words) - 02:39, 30 July 2020
recurved or straight in fruit, (0.5–) 1–4 (–6) cm, proximal often not much longer than distal. Flowers 5-merous; hypanthium 2–6 mm diam.; petals yellow, narrowly
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Treatment appears in FNA Volume 19. Treatment on page 70. Mentioned on page 5, 6, 8, 9, 12, 76. Annuals, perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs (sometimes clambering)
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Leaves monomorphic to somewhat dimorphic, clustered to widely scattered, 2–100 cm. Petiole brown, black, straw-colored, or gray, rounded, flattened or with
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7–3 (–4.5) cm, proximal usually not much longer than distal. Flowers 5-merous; hypanthium 2.5–6 mm diam.; petals yellow, ± obcordate, (2.5–) 3.5–7 (–9)
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usually inflated, (valves sometimes 3), 20–30 × 6–12 mm, smooth. Seeds 5–25, dark-brown, obovoid, 6–7 × 5–6 mm, smooth. Generated Map Legacy Map Ariz., Calif
6 KB (512 words) - 12:06, 30 July 2020
2-years old dark gray to blackish or chestnut-brown, medium to stout, (2–) 3–6.5 cm. Leaves: petiole usually short, length 0–18 (–31) % blade, usually glabrous
13 KB (1,053 words) - 14:38, 30 July 2020
Peduncles 0–10 cm, leafy-bracted. Involucres ovoid to hemispheric, 2–4 × 1.5–6 cm, loosely arachnoid on phyllary margins or glabrate. Phyllaries in 5–10 series
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4-angled (lengths 1–1.5+ diams.), sparsely to densely hairy (at least proximally, hairs straight); pappi usually persistent, of 6–10+ medially thickened
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Treatment appears in FNA Volume 17. Treatment on page 339. Mentioned on page 5, 6, 12, 325, 340. Subshrubs or herbs, annual or perennial; caudex herbaceous
11 KB (602 words) - 19:09, 29 July 2020
numerous and wiry on erect stems. Leaves entire, lobed, or compound, 0.5–20 × 0.2–5 cm. Petiole short, wiry, often partially or wholly winged. Blade glabrous
8 KB (436 words) - 00:26, 30 July 2020
8–16.5 cm, distal internode 3–15 mm. Sessile leaves up to 5 cm, blade linear, apex acuminate. Petiolate leaves: stipule 3.5–5.7 cm; petiole 7–28 cm, rigid;
6 KB (494 words) - 05:42, 30 July 2020
Caryopses slightly flattened, broadly ellipsoid to oblong-ellipsoid; hila 1/6 – 1/4 as long as the caryopses, ovate, x = 7. Idaho, Mont., Wash., Va., Alta
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in A. von Humboldt et al. in A. von Humboldt et al., Nov. Gen. Sp. 6(fol.): 183. , 6(qto.): 232. , plate 559. 1824. James Henrickson, Brian D. Vanden Heuvel
13 KB (773 words) - 14:15, 30 July 2020
linear-oblong, obtuse. Ray-florets 7–16; laminae 2–5 × 0.7–0.9 mm. Disc-florets 6–31; corollas 4–4.9 mm, lobes 0.6–1.3 (–2) mm. Cypselae narrowly obconic, 1.9–3
11 KB (956 words) - 21:32, 29 July 2020
4–7 mm diam.; mericarps usually (4–) 6 or 7 (–10), (1.5–) 2–2.5 mm, glabrous, sides usually smooth, thin, margins and back usually lightly reticulate-veined
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less than 3.5 (–5) mm diam.; scales 10–50, spirally arranged, each scale subtending flower, glabrous. Flowers bisexual; perianth of (0–) 3–6 bristles; bristles
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oblanceolate to linear, obovate, or oblong, laminar (mostly to 1 mm thick), 0.5–5.5 cm, somewhat fleshy, base not spurred, margins entire or toothed; veins not
8 KB (450 words) - 13:00, 30 July 2020
spreading, rarely incurved, ± accrescent; pyrenes (3–) 5. North America, Mexico, in Europe Species 6 (6 in the flora). Crataegus mollis and immediate relatives
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Treatment appears in FNA Volume 23. Treatment on page 32. Mentioned on page 6. Illustrator: John Myers Copyright: Flora of North America Association Herbs
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erect, 1.5–8 dm, glabrous. Leaves: petiole 0–1 cm, with a thin margin to winged; blade linear to oblanceolate-spatulate or elliptic, to 6 × 1.9 cm, white-flecked
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Microgramma 5 Blades with numerous peltate or ovate scales abaxially. Pleopeltis 5 Blades lacking scales abaxially except along midrib. > 6 6 Blades pectinate
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petiole 6-26 mm. Leaf-blade dark olive-green, elliptic to lanceolate, 5-21 × 1.5-6 cm, base cuneate, apex acute to acuminate. Flowers 2.5-5 cm diam.; peduncle
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perennial, 0.2–4 (–8) dm; rhizomatous, often forming woody stock. Stems 1–6 (–10), decumbent to ascending or erect, usually pubescent or puberulent, rarely
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page 566, 572, 576, 577, 580, 581, 583, 584, 624, 665. Herbs, perennial, 1.4–6 dm; caudex woody; with a taproot. Stems few-to-many, erect to ascending, unbranched
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Treatment on page 639. Plants perennial; cespitose or stoloniferous. Culms 30-250 cm, with pithy internodes. Leaves basal or cauline, not aromatic; sheaths open;
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sheaths (2.1) 3.1-4.6 (6.7) cm long, (1.7) 3-3.8 (5.6) mm wide; peduncles usually (1) 4-6 (30) mm, with 2-7 rames; rames (0.5) 1.7-2.8 (4.4) cm, sometimes exerted
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acuminate, margins serrate, teeth numerous, venation craspedodromous, veins 3–5 (or 6) per side, apex subacute to acuminate, abaxial surface glabrous except sometimes
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somewhat mesic, disturbed areas. There are 11 species in the Flora region, 5 native and 6 introduced. The sterile florets of Phalaris are frequently mistaken
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pedicel (4.5-) 5-14 (-18.5) cm. Achenes: body ellipsoid to ovate, flat, 5-9 × (3-) 4-6 mm, winged, glabrous; beak curved to recurved, 0.8-1.5 mm, glabrous
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oblong or ovate, 3–8 (–12) × 1–3.5 (–5) mm, often hairy to ciliate; petioles of proximalmost leaves (5–) 6–15 (–30) cm, 3–9 times as long as blades, much
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or obovate to elliptic, (5.7–) 9.5–14 (–18.8) × (2.2–) 3.3–5.2 (–6.6) mm; stamens (10–) 15–21 (–22); styles (3 or) 4 or 5 (or 6), (1.3–) 2–2.9 (–3.9) mm;
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nearly globose, 6–6.5 × 5–6 mm. 2n = 18. Phenology: Flowering primarily summer; fruiting shortly thereafter. Habitat: Seasonally wet areas in open marshes
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Involucres 1 per node, turbinate, (1–) 1.5–3.5 × 1–2 (–2.5) mm; teeth 5, erect, 0.3–1 mm. Flowers (1.5–) 2–3.5 mm; perianth white to cream, pink, or pale-yellow
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fleshy), linear-oblanceolate to broadly spatulate, (0.4–) 0.8–6 (–7.9) cm × (0.3–) 0.6–4 (–6) mm, base (membranous), broadly expanded near point of attachment
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staminate and pistillate on same plant. Staminate spikes 0.7-4 cm, 7-11.5 whorls per cm; anthers 0.6-0.8 mm. Infructescences sparsely pubescent [tomentose]; peduncles
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5–12; bisexual 6–45; corollas yellow, sometimes red-tinged, 1.5–2.8 mm, glabrous. Cypselae ellipsoid ca. 0.5 mm, (obscurely nerved) glabrous. 2n = 18, 36, 54
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(smooth in F. hamatacanthus), longest spines 30–130 (–170) × 0.5–4.5 mm; radial spines 6–25 per areole, straight to curved, or crinkly bristles, 15–70 mm;
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Lygodesmia ramosissima, Lygodesmia texana D. Don Edinburgh New Philos. J. 6: 311. 1829. David J. Bogler Common names: Skeletonplant rush pink Etymology:
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America Association Herbs caulescent; caudex branched. Flowering-stems 6–57 cm, short to long-stipitate-glandular or glabrous, viscid. Leaves: petiole
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lanceoloid-linear, angled, 6–9 cm, apex acuminate. Seeds light yellow, translucent, flat. 2n = 16. Generated Map Legacy Map Calif. Varieties 5 (5 in the flora). None
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branches 2.7-6 (12) cm, scabrous, spikelets sparsely to densely concentrated on the distal 2/3. Spikelets 2-4.5 (5.2) mm; rachilla prolongations 0.5-1 mm, hairs
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(–9) × 4.5–6.5 (–8) cm; basal plate 1–3 cm; neck 4–6 cm; tunic grayish brown. Leaves deciduous, 3–9, erect, (2–) 3–6.7 dm × (0.8–) 1.5–3.2 cm, coriaceous;
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entire, apex rounded to obtuse or acute; cauline 2–6 pairs, sessile or proximals sometimes short-petiolate, 6–85 × 1–17 mm, blade oblanceolate to spatulate
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388. Mentioned on page 364, 365, 392. Annuals or perennials, 10–80 (–150+) cm. Stems erect, branched (mostly distally). Leaves cauline; opposite (proximal)
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recurved after flowering, (1.6–) 2.6–4.2 (–6.5) mm; petals oblanceolate to oblong, (4.9–) 7.2–9.8 (–14) × (1.6–) 2.6–3.1 (–5.3) mm; stamens (9–) 13–19 (–20);
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to acute. Receptacles flat to convex, pitted, glabrous, epaleate. Florets 6–50+; corollas yellow, bluish, or whitish. Cypselae reddish-brown, tan, whitish
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portion of ovary wall; sepals (2–) 4–5 (–9), connate, forming tube with (2–) 5 (–9) minute, apical teeth; corolla lobes 5–6 (–8), imbricate or subinduplicate-valvate
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Inflorescences: staminate inflorescences 2–6 cm; pistillate inflorescences 1–3 cm. Infructescences 4.5–12 cm; bracts 2.5–3.5 × 1.5–2.8 cm, lobes narrowly triangular,
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broadly ovate or rhombic-elliptic to obtrullate or obovate or ± orbiculate, 1.5–5 cm, thin to coriaceous, base ± cuneate, lobes 0 or 1–3 per side, sinuses shallow
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recurved, 1-year old shiny, dark mahogany or black, ± slender to ± stout, 3–6 cm. Leaves: petiole length 50% blade, usually narrowly winged distally, pubescent
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Involucres: staminate 6–8 mm; pistillate 6–8 mm. Phyllaries distally red to pink, light-brown, or white. Corollas: staminate 3–4.5 mm; pistillate 5–6 mm. Cypselae
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nectary weakly 10-lobed or ribbed; stamens 2.6–3.6 mm; filaments 2.3–3.4 mm, villous; anthers ovoid, 1–1.6 mm, awns 0.6–1.1 mm; ovary villous; style often persistent
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nuecense, Thelesperma simplicifolium, Thelesperma subnudum Lessing Linnaea 6: 511. 1831. John L. Strother Etymology: Greek thele, nipple, and sperma, seed
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Mentioned on page 219. Perennials, 5–250 cm; taprooted, often producing offshoots connected by slender rhizomes. Stems 1–5, usually erect, sometimes decumbent
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tube yellow or dark blood red, 6–12 mm; galea yellow to yellow tinged with red, purple-tinged with yellow, or dark blood red, 6–15 mm, beakless or beaked,
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fusiform tips; archegonia 1–6 per perichaetium, ca. 1–2 mm; antheridia 5–40 per perigonium, ca. 1–2 mm. Capsule ca. 2.5–3 × 1–1.5 mm; exothecial cells with
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bearing brown hairs of 1–2 types. Roots sparse or absent. Leaves small, 0.5–20 × 0.2–5 cm, often forming dense mats. Petiole short, threadlike to wiry, often
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long, 1-6 cm wide, loosely contracted; rachises scabrous or hairy; branches 5-20, 1-5 cm long, 0.4-0.6 mm wide, appressed to divergent, pubescent, sometimes
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sepals 5, distinct; petals usually 5, sometimes rudimentary or 0, distinct, white, sometimes pale yellow-green or pale-purple proximally; nectary 5 glands;
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caudate. Inflorescences terminally paniculate or racemose, 5–250-flowered. Flowers 3-merous (6 tepals, 6 stamens) or, by reduction, 2-merous (4 tepals, 4 stamens);
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