(bracteoles absent, present in sect. Oxycoccos). Flowers: sepals 4–5, connate basally; petals 4–5 (–6), connate nearly their entire lengths, sometimes distinct
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Leaf-blade ovate to deltate, elliptic, or nearly orbiculate, 0.5–10 (–14) × 0.5–8 cm, thin, margins doubly serrate or serrate (or crenate to shallowly
18 KB (893 words) - 08:41, 30 July 2020
biosystematic survey of Coreopsis in eastern United States and Canada. Sida 6: 123–215. Smith, E. B. 1984. Biosystematic study and typification of the Californian
12 KB (827 words) - 23:22, 29 July 2020
revolute. Inflorescences cymose, compact, often flat-topped, 0.5–6 (–12) × 1–10 (–13) cm; branches dichotomous, whitish-lanate to brownish or reddish-tomentose
15 KB (1,118 words) - 10:29, 30 July 2020
proximal 2/3–4/5 stigmatic, apices acute to rounded. Cypselae (3–) 3.5–7.5 mm; pappi usually coroniform or of 2–6, unequal scales, 0.1–2.5 mm, sometimes
12 KB (678 words) - 23:55, 29 July 2020
Primarily boreal and cool temperate zones of Northern Hemisphere Genera 6, species ca. 125 (5 genera, 33 species in the flora). Betulaceae belong to an ancient
14 KB (815 words) - 08:47, 30 July 2020
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 23. Treatment on page 44. Mentioned on page 6, 7, 8, 28, 38, 48, 168. Herbs, perennial or annual, cespitose or not, rhizomatous
18 KB (736 words) - 01:57, 30 July 2020
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 23. Treatment on page 21. Mentioned on page 5, 6, 27. Illustrator: John Myers Copyright: Flora of North America Association
10 KB (422 words) - 01:32, 30 July 2020
perigynium or “bur”); florets 1 (–5+), corollas 0. Staminate heads: involucres cupshaped to saucer-shaped, 1.5–6+ mm diam.; phyllaries 5–16+ in ± 1 series, ± connate;
16 KB (728 words) - 23:11, 29 July 2020
page 6, 7, 8, 9, 12, 14, 89, 425, 438. Annuals, biennials, perennials, or subshrubs, 15–250+ cm (taprooted, rhizomatous in G. oölepis). Stems (1–6+) usually
23 KB (1,525 words) - 22:29, 29 July 2020
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 2. Stems long-creeping to ascending to erect, 1.5–12 mm or more diam. Blades 1-pinnate to pinnate-pinnatifid, rarely 2-pinnate
14 KB (584 words) - 00:28, 30 July 2020
techniques. Johnston, L. A. 1975. Revision of the Rhamnus serrata complex. Sida 6: 67–79. Wolf, C. B. 1938. The North American species of Rhamnus. Rancho Santa
12 KB (452 words) - 18:31, 29 July 2020
terebinthinaceum, Silphium wasiotense Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 2: 919. 1753. , Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 391. 1754. Jennifer A. Clevinger Etymology: Greek silphion, an unknown plant
10 KB (661 words) - 23:01, 29 July 2020
moderately laterally compressed, with 4-30 florets. Lower glumes 3-5-veined; upper glumes 5-9-veined; lemmas elliptic, lanceolate, obovate, or rhombic, rounded
9 KB (742 words) - 02:55, 30 July 2020
ovary to 0.5 mm, green or pink to purple, (0.1–4 mm); sepals 5, green, sometimes reddish at tips, sometimes ± purple; petals absent or (1–) 5, white, cream
21 KB (1,151 words) - 12:59, 30 July 2020
dark red center; staminal column included or exserted; ovules 3 (–6) per carpel; style 5–25-branched; stigmas sometimes black, capitate. Fruits schizocarps
12 KB (726 words) - 11:23, 30 July 2020
to funnelform to salverform, connate basally into tube, 2–16 cm; tepals subequal; stamens 6, of 2 different lengths, appearing equal or subequal (anthers
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urceolate, ± 5-angled, weakly keeled or not keeled, glabrous, pilose, or puberulent, lobes not reflexed, length 0.5–1 times tube; petals 5, lavender, magenta
25 KB (2,084 words) - 13:06, 30 July 2020
viorna, Clematis viticaulis A. Gray in A. Gray et al. Syn. Fl. N. Amer. 1(1): 5. 1895. James S. Pringle Basionym: Undefined subg. Viorna Spach 1839 Treatment
13 KB (470 words) - 08:24, 30 July 2020
Siphonychia Torrey & A. Gray Treatment appears in FNA Volume 5. Treatment on page 30. Mentioned on page 4, 5, 29, 31, 37. Herbs, annual, biennial, or perennial,
21 KB (1,113 words) - 10:32, 30 July 2020
internodes 3.5-12 (15) mm. Spikelets 1/2 - 33/4 times the length of the rachis internodes, usually sessile, sometimes pedicellate, pedicels to 5 mm, appressed
20 KB (1,611 words) - 03:05, 30 July 2020
perceived to symbolize Christ’s crucifixion Treatment appears in FNA Volume 6. Treatment on page 171. Mentioned on page 172, 173. Vines, glabrous or densely
19 KB (1,406 words) - 11:20, 30 July 2020
1-50-flowered cymes. Flowers pedicellate; sepals deciduous soon after anthesis, 5; petals yellow (rarely absent in R. pedatifidus); nectary scale joined with
12 KB (526 words) - 08:22, 30 July 2020
veins scabrous, apices unawned (rarely mucronate); lower glumes 0.5-4.9 mm; upper glumes 0.9-6 mm; florets usually bisexual; calluses distinct or poorly developed
14 KB (1,093 words) - 04:44, 30 July 2020
secondary branching fanlike, branches 3–10 (–22) cm, third internode 2–15 (–23) × 1–3.5 (–5) mm, dominant shoot 1–6 mm diam. at base. Staminate pedicels absent
14 KB (1,109 words) - 18:24, 29 July 2020
canescens var. shastensis). Involucres turbinate, campanulate, or hemispheric, 6–16 × 6–30 mm. Phyllaries 25–100 in 3–12 series, appressed, spreading, or reflexed
11 KB (782 words) - 22:23, 29 July 2020
brown, black or gray, irregularly or obliquely obovoid or pyriform, 1.5–5 × 1–3.5 × 1–1.5 mm, papillate, sometimes also rugose, shiny; testa cells convex. x
14 KB (926 words) - 09:24, 30 July 2020
borne singly or (2–5+) in corymbiform arrays. Peduncles mostly 3–30 cm. Involucres campanulate to hemispheric, 6–15 mm diam. Phyllaries 5–13 (–15), distinct
11 KB (916 words) - 23:56, 29 July 2020
turbinate-campanulate, (2.5–) 3–5 (–7) × (1.5–) 2–4 mm, glabrous, tomentose, or sparsely pubescent; teeth 5–8, 0.2–0.6 mm. Flowers (1.5–) 2–4 mm; perianth white
14 KB (1,118 words) - 10:38, 30 July 2020
wide (70–95 µm or more); (5) specialized asexual reproduction by broken leaf tips or flagellated branches common vs. rare; (6) specialized habitat of rocks
26 KB (1,278 words) - 06:56, 30 July 2020
± basally truncate), in distal 1/3–3/4 of phyllary (outer) to less than 1/6 and only along midnerves (inner), apices obtuse to acute, faces glabrous, ±
20 KB (1,017 words) - 22:19, 29 July 2020
elongate-linear or rectangular; distal cells usually rounded, almost isodiametric, 6–24 µm, papillose only over lumina, papillae 1–4 per cell, conic or 2-fid; marginal
24 KB (641 words) - 07:46, 30 July 2020
Arabis patens, Arabis pycnocarpa Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 2: 664. 1753. , Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 298. 1754. Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz Common names: Rockcress Etymology: Latin Arabia
15 KB (974 words) - 12:07, 30 July 2020
and without whorled bracts. Involucre ± actinomorphic, not spurred; glands 4–5 (2–3 in E. oblongata), flat or slightly convex; appendages absent or hornlike
19 KB (827 words) - 18:28, 29 July 2020
rancid, 5–17 mm diam.; hypanthium green to red, obconic, 2–6 mm, glabrous or hairy; sepals 5, erect or ascending, ovate or triangular; petals 5, white or
21 KB (1,208 words) - 14:28, 30 July 2020
in FNA Volume 3. Roots 3-8 (-12) -branched at least 1 cm from stem attachment, (4-) 10-30 (-40) cm, fibrous, twisted, dry, thin threadlike segments apparent
8 KB (562 words) - 08:23, 30 July 2020
Involucres obconic to turbinate or campanulate, (3–9.5 ×) 2–8 mm. Phyllaries 15–30 in (3–) 4–6 series, 1-nerved (midnerves usually barely evident; flat
12 KB (695 words) - 20:55, 29 July 2020
often enclosed within fleshy, flask-shaped receptacle (syconium); sepals 2-6, distinct or partly connate (vestigial in Brosimum). Staminate flowers: stamens
9 KB (490 words) - 08:32, 30 July 2020
sheaths open, upper sheaths sometimes inflated; auricles absent; ligules 0.6-6.5 mm, truncate to acute, membranous, puberulent or glabrous, entire to lacerate;
13 KB (1,084 words) - 02:42, 30 July 2020
and intravaginal. Culms 5-120 cm, terete or weakly compressed; nodes terete or weakly compressed. Sheaths closed for (1/6) 1/4 – 3/5 their length, terete
10 KB (1,062 words) - 03:18, 30 July 2020
Sporophores pinnately branched or simple. Sporangia exposed or embedded, 0.5–1.5 mm diam., thick-walled, with thousands of spores. Spores all 1 kind, trilete
8 KB (289 words) - 00:26, 30 July 2020
Treatment on page 23. Mentioned on page 3, 5, 6, 24, 34. Perennials, subshrubs, shrubs, or trees, 10–600 cm (dioecious [rarely monoecious], usually glabrous
19 KB (1,032 words) - 15:27, 15 December 2020
Treatment on page 445. Mentioned on page 5, 6, 7, 8, 13, 15, 386, 446. Perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs, 20–250 cm (root crowns woody). Stems erect, usually
11 KB (801 words) - 20:56, 29 July 2020
Leaves: petiole 5–10 mm; blade bright green, slightly glaucous to strongly gray-glaucous, shiny or dull, elliptic to ovate, 2–4.5 × 1–2.5 cm, base cuneate
9 KB (736 words) - 13:15, 30 July 2020
to turbinate-campanulate, (2–) 3.5–5 (–8) × 2–4 mm, tomentose to floccose; teeth 5, erect, 0.1–1 mm. Flowers (2.5–) 3–6 (–7) mm; perianth yellow or white
13 KB (1,117 words) - 10:39, 30 July 2020
solitary flowers, to 30 cm; bracts leaflike, not forming involucre. Flowers bisexual, radially symmetric; sepals not persistent in fruit, 5, white to blue, yellow
12 KB (514 words) - 08:29, 30 July 2020
pedunculate, not subtended by foliaceous bracts, (6–) 40–100+ in ± corymbiform to paniculiform arrays (6–) 10–25+ cm diam. Involucres ± campanulate to obconic
13 KB (807 words) - 20:05, 29 July 2020
glands [0–] (2–) 5, slightly concave, flat, or slightly convex; appendages usually petaloid, occasionally rudimentary. Staminate flowers (5–) 20–25 (–70)
16 KB (581 words) - 18:23, 29 July 2020
orange, or 2-colored]; nectary extrastaminal, annular and 5-lobed or of 5 glands; stamens [6–] 8 or 10 in 1–2 whorls, distinct or connate basally to most
14 KB (637 words) - 18:28, 29 July 2020
Gray in War Department [U.S.] in War Department[U.S.], Pacif. Railr. Rep. 6(3): 77, plate 13. 1858 ·. Dieter H. Wilken Etymology: [[Etymology::Alpinegold
9 KB (598 words) - 00:03, 30 July 2020
the internodes, open; ligules membranous and ciliate or of hairs; blades 6-25 cm long, 1-8 mm wide, flat or involute, margins not thick and cartilaginous
11 KB (976 words) - 04:34, 30 July 2020
obovate, ovate, lanceolate, or elliptic, planoconvex in cross-section, 1.5–4 mm, base rounded or truncate, with spongy tissue, margins rounded or acutely
11 KB (598 words) - 01:52, 30 July 2020
stem; proximal 1–5 lateral spikes pistillate, with 40–200 perigynia, or, sometimes, some androgynous, pedunculate, prophyllate; distal 1–6; lateral spikes
13 KB (709 words) - 02:14, 30 July 2020
(F. Townsend) Wettstein agg. (species 3 and 4), E. nemorosa agg. (species 6–10), E. oakesii agg. (species 13–15), and E. minima Jacquin ex de Candolle
17 KB (854 words) - 19:26, 29 July 2020
sect. Gaylussacia (species 2–5) with deciduous leaves with some stipitate-glandular hairs; and sect. Decamerium (species 6–10) with deciduous leaves and
10 KB (580 words) - 12:53, 30 July 2020
Pedicels straight in fruit, 0.4–6 (–10) cm, proximal often longer than distal. Flowers 5-merous; hypanthium (1.8–) 2.5–7 mm diam.; petals pale-yellow to
21 KB (1,382 words) - 14:01, 30 July 2020
pistillate on same plant. Staminate flowers sessile or pedicellate; calyx of 2-6 sepals; stamens 1-2, straight. Pistillate flowers sessile; ovary 1-locular;
8 KB (474 words) - 08:43, 30 July 2020
than the florets, 1-veined; upper glumes usually longer than the florets, 1-6-veined; lemmas shorter than the paleas, 1-3-veined, midveins keeled, lateral-veins
15 KB (1,152 words) - 04:46, 30 July 2020
(2–) 5–50 (–70) -flowered, cymose, ± to very open. Pedicels straight in fruit, 0.2–3 (–6.5) cm, proximal often much longer than distal. Flowers 5-merous;
18 KB (1,044 words) - 13:56, 30 July 2020
tennesseensis, Xyris torta Gronovius in C. Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 1: 42. 1753; Gen. Pl. ed. 5; 25, 1754. Robert Kral Common names: Yellow-eyed-grass Etymology: Greek xyron
16 KB (658 words) - 00:56, 30 July 2020
narrowly campanulate, sometimes hemispheric, (5–22+ ×) 2–22+ mm diam. Phyllaries either (without calyculi) 25–80+ in 4–6+ series and orbiculate to oblong, lance-oblong
16 KB (748 words) - 20:19, 29 July 2020
or orange, or not changing color, 1.5–8 mm; stamens subequal, filaments 1.5–5.5 mm, anthers 1.5–6 mm, ciliate; style 5–16 mm, stigma exserted beyond anthers
11 KB (951 words) - 21:04, 7 June 2022
cauline leaves sometimes bladeless, glabrous. Inflorescences racemose, with 3–5 (–6) spikes; proximal nonbasal bracts leaflike or bladeless, long-sheathing;
9 KB (460 words) - 02:08, 30 July 2020
rhizoids often on abaxial surface of costa. Dicranodontium 6 Plants slender and julaceous. Aongstroemia 6 Plants not julaceous, leaves usually crisped, contorted
14 KB (515 words) - 06:54, 30 July 2020
bractlets 5; hypanthium shallowly cupulate, 0.5–3 × 2.5–7 mm; sepals 5, spreading to reflexed or erect, narrowly to broadly-triangular-ovate; petals 5, white
22 KB (1,357 words) - 14:09, 30 July 2020
or cupulate; tepals 6, in 2 similar whorls, distinct, nectaries present on all tepals, but better developed on inner ones; stamens 6, included; anthers
13 KB (449 words) - 05:41, 30 July 2020
to corymbiform or fastigiate arrays. Involucres hemispheric to campanulate 6–20 mm diam. Phyllaries 11–60+ in 3 series (mostly spreading to erect in fruit
10 KB (710 words) - 22:39, 29 July 2020
usually of 6–13 subulate to lanceolate-aristate or shorter and broader scales (longer and shorter often alternating), rarely 0. x = 4, 5, 6, 7. w United
13 KB (911 words) - 23:39, 29 July 2020
white or cream colored to greenish or red tinged, actinomorphic, 0.5–2 cm diam.; tepals 6, often connate basally, each bearing 1 or 2, sometimes obscure to
13 KB (735 words) - 06:04, 30 July 2020
broadly elliptic, (1.5–) 3–6 (–9) cm, thin to chartaceous, base cuneate to rounded, sometimes truncate to subcordate, lobes 0 or 1–4 (or 5) per side, sinuses
16 KB (1,084 words) - 14:44, 30 July 2020
exposed at maturity; rachises usually terete, with (1) 5-many fascicles; fascicle axes 0.2-7.5 (28) mm, with (1) 3-130+ bristles and 1-12 spikelets. Bristles
18 KB (1,301 words) - 04:12, 30 July 2020
solitary or not, unbranched proximal to inflorescence, trigonous, (6–) 10–100 (–125) cm (high-climbing into trees), weak or wiry. Leaves few-to-many per
13 KB (648 words) - 01:45, 30 July 2020
leaves 1.2–1.5 mm and stems usually 1–2 cm and slender (related to the leaf size); ‘medium’ refers to stem leaves 1.5–3 mm and stems 2–4 cm; ‘large’ or
18 KB (782 words) - 07:52, 30 July 2020
membranous or scarious). Receptacles flat to convex, epaleate. Ray-florets 0, or 1–6, pistillate, fertile; corollas yellow. Disc-florets 1–60 [–100+], bisexual
7 KB (473 words) - 23:35, 29 July 2020
page 255, 335, 337, 338, 339, 340, 341. Annuals (perennials), to 40 (–60) cm (taprooted or roots fibrous, fleshy and clustered in Lasthenia californica
11 KB (916 words) - 23:52, 29 July 2020
ovate or ovate-deltate, 3–6 (–8) cm, thin to chartaceous, base cuneate to rounded or truncate to subcordate, lobes 0 or 3–6 per side, sinuses shallow to
13 KB (959 words) - 14:41, 30 July 2020
turbinate, turbinate-obconic, or campanulate, 10–25 mm diam. Phyllaries 20–50 in 3–6 series, ± unequal (± appressed, often reddish or purplish at margins and tips)
12 KB (637 words) - 21:48, 29 July 2020
axillary, 4–12-flowered, 0.75–2.5 × 1–3 cm. Flowers 5–8 mm diam.; hypanthia campanulate, 2–4 mm; sepals triangular, 1.5–2 mm; petals white, obovate to suborbiculate
20 KB (1,036 words) - 14:24, 30 July 2020
prickle; petals 6, in 2 whorls of 3; stamens 20-250 or more; pistil 3-5 (-7) -carpellate; ovary 1-locular; style short, to 3 mm in fruit; stigma 3-5 (-7) -lobed
14 KB (554 words) - 08:36, 30 July 2020
400. Mentioned on page 5, 182, 364, 365, 366, 395, 401, 402. Annuals, biennials, perennials, or subshrubs, (2–) 5–70 (–200) cm (taprooted). Stems erect
11 KB (947 words) - 22:31, 29 July 2020
Flowers: sepals 1–3-veined, sometimes obscurely so, ovate to lanceolate, 3–6.5 mm, not expanding in fruit, margins narrow, apex obtuse or acute to acuminate
10 KB (805 words) - 10:12, 30 July 2020
(rarely 4–) 5, usually ± erect, sometimes spreading, yellowish to green or white, ovate-triangular, fleshy, keeled adaxially; petals (rarely 4–) 5, yellowish
10 KB (499 words) - 18:33, 29 July 2020
Volume 28. Treatment on page 166. Mentioned on page 155, 156. Stems 0.5–4 (–6) cm, usually comose; sparsely to moderately radiculose. Leaves ovate, ovatelanceolate
11 KB (764 words) - 07:38, 30 July 2020
in Populus angustifolia, margins subentire or crenate, basilaminar glands 0–6). Inflorescences axillary or terminal, catkins, pendulous, sessile, unbranched
32 KB (2,739 words) - 12:04, 30 July 2020
basal rosette and cauline (sometimes not present at flowering), (0.5–) 2–8 (–13) cm; blade margins sinuate-dentate to denticulate, serrate, lobed, or entire
12 KB (1,080 words) - 21:04, 7 June 2022
shed at anthesis; stamens often 100+, often showy, usually fertile; ovary 3–6-locular; ovules 10–100+, sterile ones often present. Fruits capsules, brown
12 KB (633 words) - 21:04, 7 June 2022
near the apex; costa percurrent or excurrent, occupying most of subula, 1/6–1/3 width of leaf base, 1 row of guide cells, 2 stereid bands, adaxial stereid
12 KB (487 words) - 06:59, 30 July 2020
inflorescence branches, cylindric to turbinate or rarely campanulate; teeth 5, rarely 6–8, erect or rarely spreading, rarely lobelike, spreading to somewhat reflexed
19 KB (884 words) - 10:50, 30 July 2020
(species 1 and 2), followed by subshrubs and perennial herbs (species 3 to 6), and concludes with annual herbs (species 7 to 18). Within each growth form
17 KB (923 words) - 18:23, 29 July 2020
3–5: 1; distal cells roundedquadrate, occasionally transversely elliptical along margins, 6–12 (–18) µm wide, papillae usually 2-fid, crowded, 2–6 per
16 KB (1,136 words) - 07:01, 30 July 2020
P. P. de Candolle in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 6: 440. 1838. John L. Strother Etymology: Greek tetradymos, fourfold, evidently
10 KB (537 words) - 21:25, 29 July 2020
diam., tip straight to recurved, glabrous or distal 10–50% hairy, hairs to 1.5 mm; style glabrous. Capsules glabrous. Seeds brown, 0.8–4 mm. w North America
10 KB (581 words) - 19:05, 29 July 2020
ellipsoid or ovoid to cylindric, opening by 6 ascending to recurved teeth; carpophore absent. Seeds [1–] 5–35, brown to dark-brown or black, reniform or
12 KB (698 words) - 10:04, 30 July 2020
66, 67. Annuals or perennials [shrubs, trees], 7–15+ cm (Verbesina nana) or 30–200 (–400) [–2500+] cm. Stems usually erect, usually branched (internodes
12 KB (721 words) - 23:07, 29 July 2020
apically attenuate bristles in 1–2 series, sometimes forming coronas. x = 5, 6. w North America, nw Mexico Species 12 (12 in the flora). In gland-bearing
12 KB (729 words) - 20:57, 29 July 2020
366. Mentioned on page 25, 359, 367, 376, 394, 395, 440. Plants usually 3–10 cm, occasionally longer. Stems usually simple, not tomentose or with dense reddish
16 KB (1,050 words) - 06:54, 30 July 2020
dark-brown, redbrown, or blackish brown, shiny, slender to stout, 2–5 (–7) cm. Leaves: petiole 1–3 cm, glabrous or sparsely hairy young, eglandular or glandular
14 KB (936 words) - 14:35, 30 July 2020
Mentioned on page 60, 387, 429. Annuals, biennials, or perennials, (1–) 5–65 cm; taprooted or fibrous-rooted [subrhizomatous]. Stems 1+, usually erect,
17 KB (844 words) - 20:36, 29 July 2020
collar, spreading, nonaccrescent; pyrenes (2 or) 3–5, often angular. c, e North America Species 6 (6 in the flora). Members of ser. Pruinosae are common
12 KB (981 words) - 14:43, 30 July 2020
annual. Culms 14-180 cm, solitary or branched at the base; internodes usually hollow throughout in hexaploids, usually solid for about 1 cm below the spike
16 KB (1,599 words) - 02:57, 30 July 2020
FNA Volume 6. Treatment on page 420. Mentioned on page 418, 419, 421, 422. Plants annual or perennial [rarely subshrubs], deciduous, stems 1–2 cm (except
9 KB (637 words) - 11:41, 30 July 2020
Philonotis uncinata, Philonotis yezoana Bridel Bryol. Univ. 2: 15, plate 6, fig. 5. 1827. Dana G. Griffin III Etymology: Greek philo- , loving, and notis
12 KB (605 words) - 07:34, 30 July 2020
Treatment on page 93. Mentioned on page 65, 95, 100. Perennials, 10–45 (–100) cm (taproots slender or massive, thick or thin-barked; caudices unbranched or
13 KB (768 words) - 23:05, 29 July 2020
The base chromosome number of Xylorhiza (x = 6) also contrasts with that of Machaeranthera (x = 4 or 5). Two sections were recognized by Watson: sect
11 KB (655 words) - 22:25, 29 July 2020
to many, erect to spreading, straight to recurved, 1–100 cm; ligule deltate to cordiform, 1–6 mm, membranous. Sporangia ovoid to ellipsoid or oblong, 3–15
15 KB (1,109 words) - 00:22, 30 July 2020
villous, pilose, or villosulous). Heads borne singly. Calyculi persistent, of (6–) 8–18 (–20) broadly ovate to lanceolate bractlets in (1–) 2–3 series, distinct
28 KB (2,401 words) - 20:10, 29 July 2020
soboliferous, sometimes rhizomatous. Culms 10-140 (150) cm, erect, usually glabrous, usually smooth; nodes 1-6; branching intra or extravaginal at the base, not
13 KB (1,054 words) - 02:48, 30 July 2020
not; rosettes solitary or sparingly cespitose, 1.5–6 × 1.5–10 dm. Leaves ascending, 12–50 × 1–5.5 cm; blade grayish green to yellowish green or green,
7 KB (560 words) - 06:13, 30 July 2020
entire, toothed, or glandular-toothed, herbaceous or scarious; petals (4–) 5–10 (–19), twisting about and falling away with capsules after anthesis; stamens
13 KB (537 words) - 09:45, 30 July 2020
on page 32. Mentioned on page 6, 7, 33, 38, 41. Annuals, perennials, or subshrubs [treelets], 10–120 (–300+) [–1200+] cm. Leaves cauline; opposite; petiolate
8 KB (555 words) - 23:33, 29 July 2020
articulation swollen or not; perianth campanulate; tepals 4–5, connate 1/4–2/3 their length; stamens 5–8; styles deciduous, 2–3, included or exserted (exserted
12 KB (760 words) - 10:11, 30 July 2020
Bulbs seldom clustered, globose, 1–5 cm diam. Leaves usually fewer than 10, 1–6 dm × 4–20 mm. Inflorescences 20–80 cm; sterile bracts absent, bracts subtending
7 KB (506 words) - 05:59, 30 July 2020
lateral-veins more prominent than midvein, widest leaf-blades 5+ mm, glabrous. Inflorescences racemose, with 3–6 spikes; proximal nonbasal bracts leaflike, long-sheathing
12 KB (663 words) - 02:07, 30 July 2020
tube 1.5–4 mm, lobes 5, 1–6 mm; corolla-tube maroon or yellow (fading to white) with reddish to magenta, thin, wavy ring, ring rarely absent, lobes 5, usually
13 KB (1,045 words) - 13:06, 30 July 2020
grayi), long hairs (if present) soft to weak, sometimes stiff. Inflorescences 1–6 (–12) -flowered, ± cymose, ± to very open, or solitary flowers. Pedicels usually
14 KB (899 words) - 13:59, 30 July 2020
opened by fire, globose or oblong, 1–4 cm; scales persistent, 3–6 pairs, valvate, peltate, thick and woody. Seeds 5–20 per scale, lenticular or faceted,
8 KB (582 words) - 00:28, 30 July 2020
Ray-florets 0. Disc-florets 2–40+ (often 5–6); corollas yellow, tubes shorter than campanulate to funnelform throats, lobes 5, erect to spreading, triangular to
12 KB (864 words) - 21:46, 29 July 2020
marginal cells differentiated, linear, rhomboidal, or rectangular, in (1–) 2–3 (–6) rows. Specialized asexual reproduction absent (sometimes by green protonematous
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with 1-6 racemosely axillary arranged branches, panicles partially or completely enclosed by the subtending leaf-sheath; branches 2-12 (17) cm, ascending
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blade shape and lobing similar throughout. Inflorescences usually 5-10 flowers per 5 cm, ± dense, cylindric (greatly shortened in some), spurs rarely intersecting
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Leaves monomorphic to somewhat dimorphic, clustered to widely scattered, 2–100 cm. Petiole brown, black, straw-colored, or gray, rounded, flattened or with
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wavy ridges, cells elongate, cell margins straight. w North America Species 6 (6 in the flora). None. Delphinium antoninum, Delphinium basalticum, Delphinium
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Treatment appears in FNA Volume 19. Treatment on page 70. Mentioned on page 5, 6, 8, 9, 12, 76. Annuals, perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs (sometimes clambering)
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diam.; epicalyx bractlets, if present, 5 (10 in G. glaciale); hypanthium saucer-shaped to cupshaped, 2–6 mm; sepals 5 (–10 in G. glaciale), erect to erect-spreading
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-flowered cymes. Flowers pedicellate; sepals deciduous soon after anthesis, 3-5; petals yellow; nectary scale attached on 3 sides, forming pocket enclosing
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hemispheric, 2–3 mm wide; sepals 5, spreading, brown to greenish, ovate-triangular to triangular, keeled adaxially; petals 5, greenish or yellowish to creamy
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in staminate flowers. Achenes flattened or nearly terete; beak more than 1.5 cm, plumose. Worldwide Species 50-100 (11 in the flora). The Asian (Korean)
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crowded). Involucres cylindro-turbinate to hemispheric, (3.8–6.5 ×) 2–10 mm. Phyllaries 10–50 in 2–6 series, midnerves not evident or indurate, elliptic to linear-lanceolate
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(burgundy in two) to black fully mature fruit, usually fairly short (1.5–3.5 cm) thorns, and laterally eroded pyrenes. The lateral erosion or pitting on
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flowers: sepals 3–5, usually green, sometimes reddish green, not petaloid, valvate, distinct; petals 0; nectary absent [present]; stamens 2–6 (–10) [–25], distinct
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pubescent. Spikelets (6) 7-17 mm, with 3-10 florets. Glumes ovatelanceolate to lanceolate, exceeded by the distal florets; lower glumes (1.5) 2-6 (7) mm; upper
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apically; petals 0 or 5, rudimentary; ovary 3-locular; styles 3, 1–2.5 mm, deeply 2-fid, terminal segments 6. Capsules 3.5–6 × 4–5 mm, smooth; columella
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Culms sometimes solitary, scapose, stiff or flaccid, terete, compressed, or 3–5-angled, coarse or fine. Leaves basal, distichous or polystichous; sheaths open
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Flowers unisexual; tepals 6, greenish, yellow, or bronze, ovate to elliptic; staminate flowers sometimes with pistillode, stamens 6, anthers basifixed, dehiscence
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persistent, 5 (–6) in ± 1 series, 2–3-nerved, ovate or oblong to lanceolate or linear, ± equal (herbaceous). Receptacles flat or convex, epaleate. Florets 5 (–6);
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Calochortus amabilis 5 Leaves and stems not glaucous; petals pale yellow, adaxial surface glabrous or sparsely hairy. Calochortus pulchellus 6 Capsules nodding;
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page 229. Mentioned on page 10, 216, 231, 239, 647, 659. Plants (1–) 2–5 (–10) cm, dense or open mats. Stems green or yellow-green, usually brownish with
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to oblong-lanceolate or tapering from base, 1–6 (–11) × 0.2–1.2 (–2) cm, 2–4 mm thick, base 0.5–1.5 (–2) cm wide, apex acute to subacuminate, often apiculate
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Microgramma 5 Blades with numerous peltate or ovate scales abaxially. Pleopeltis 5 Blades lacking scales abaxially except along midrib. > 6 6 Blades pectinate
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Mentioned on page 221, 222. Annuals, perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs, (1–) 5–30 cm. Stems erect to spreading or decumbent, branched from bases or ± throughout
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well defined, 3–7 (–8) mm, 1–3 cm apart; apical spine dark-brown to gray, subulate or acicular, 1.5–4 cm. Scape (2–) 3–6 m. Inflorescences broadly paniculate
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loose or dense tufts, green, yellowish, or sometimes brownish. Stems 0.5–3 (–6) cm; sparsely to strongly radiculose. Stem-leaves oblong-lanceolate to obovate;
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pulchella, Grusonia schottii F. Reichenbach ex K. Schumann Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 6: 177. 1896. Donald J. Pinkava Common names: Club-cholla Etymology: for Hermann
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entire. Scape 0.5–25 dm. Inflorescences paniculate, rarely racemose, 3–18 dm; bracts caducous or occasionally persistent. Flowers 2–5 per node, functionally
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ovate, ovate-elliptic, ovate or elliptic-lanceolate, or obovate-spatulate, 1.5–6.5 mm, proximal leaves much smaller; base short to long-decurrent; margins plane
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lanceolate-elliptic or orbiculate, 3–6.5 × 1.3–2.5 cm; filaments 0.7–2.8 cm; anthers 3.2–6 mm; pistil 1.5–3.5 cm; style white to pale green, 3–10 (–13)
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Pedicels ± straight in fruit, 0.2–2 (–5) cm, proximal often much longer than distal. Flowers 5-merous; hypanthium 2.5–6 mm diam.; petals pale-yellow or yellow
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stamens (5–) 6, proximal 3 fertile, medial different in form, size from others, distal (2–) 3 staminodial; filaments glabrous; antherodes commonly 4–6-lobed;
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sheaths (2.0) 2.9-4.4 (6.5) cm long, (1.5) 2.3-3.4 (4.4) mm wide; peduncles (1) 6-14 (60) mm, with 2 (4) rames; rames (1) 1.7-2.5 (3.5) cm, exserted or not at
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spreading, rarely incurved, ± accrescent; pyrenes (3–) 5. North America, Mexico, in Europe Species 6 (6 in the flora). Crataegus mollis and immediate relatives
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or turbinate, 3–10 (–12) mm diam. Phyllaries persistent or falling, in 3–6+ series, mostly ovate to lanceolate or linear, unequal. Receptacles flat, epaleate
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subcylindric, 9–18 × 4–8 mm. Phyllaries 10–20 in 3–6 series, tan, ovate to lanceolate or elliptic, 5–11+ × 0.7–2 mm, subequal, mostly chartaceous, sometimes
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Seeds 5–38, globose, obovoid, triangular, or horseshoe-shaped, not arillate, (cleft fused between ends). x = 10. North America, Mexico Species 6 (6 in the
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Crassula tillaea, Crassula viridis Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 1: 282. 1753. , Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 136. 1754 ,. Reid V. Moran Common names: Pygmyweed Latin crassus thick and
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Involucres oblong, urceolate, cylindric, or turbinate, 0.5–2 mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, 2–6 (–9) in ± 1 series (linear, concave, or boatshaped, subequal)
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similar to the lemmas, 3-10-veined, 1-keeled; lodicules 2; anthers usually 6 (1-16); styles 2, bases fused or free, stigmas linear, plumose. Fruits usually
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2-years old dark gray to blackish or chestnut-brown, medium to stout, (2–) 3–6.5 cm. Leaves: petiole usually short, length 0–18 (–31) % blade, usually glabrous
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usually recurved in fruit, 0.5–2 (–4) cm, proximal usually not much longer than distal. Flowers 5-merous; hypanthium 2–6 mm diam.; petals pale to bright-yellow
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throats, lobes 5, lance-linear to linear-oblong; anther thecae cream to purple; stigmatic papillae in 2 lines. Cypselae stoutly obpyramidal, 5 (–6) -angled,
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thin, lacking apophysis and umbo; bracts included. Seeds winged; cotyledons 5–15. x =12. North temperate regions, North America, Mexico, Eurasia Species
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spongy, flexible when dried, 2–8 (–15) cm, bearing tubers (3–) 6–11 mm diam. Culms trigonous, 15–60 (–100) cm × 0.6–3.4 mm, glabrous. Leaves 3–7, flat to
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racemes, 3-30 cm long, 2-12 cm wide, with 2 or more spikelets per node; nodes glabrous or with straight, about 0.5 mm hairs; primary branches 3-6 cm, appressed
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slightly recurved, 2-years old very dark-brown to black, ± slender, (1.5–) 2–3 (–5) cm. Leaves: petiole length 20–50 (–55) % blade, glabrous, sparsely to densely
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to lanceolate, often awn-tipped; lemmas 6-25 mm, glabrous or hairy, usually awned, awns to 15 mm; anthers 1.5-5 mm. Colo., Wash., Alaska, Idaho, Alta.,
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perennial, 0.2–4 (–8) dm; rhizomatous, often forming woody stock. Stems 1–6 (–10), decumbent to ascending or erect, usually pubescent or puberulent, rarely
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(–150), connate basally; pistil (4–) 5 (–6) -carpellate; ovules 2–4 per locule; styles 1 or 5; stigmas [4–] 5 [–6] -lobed or unlobed. Capsules brown, conic
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recurved or straight in fruit, (0.5–) 1–4 (–6) cm, proximal often not much longer than distal. Flowers 5-merous; hypanthium 2–6 mm diam.; petals yellow, narrowly
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mallow, and thamnos, shrub, alluding to habit Treatment appears in FNA Volume 6. Treatment on page 280. Mentioned on page 219, 281, 283. Subshrubs or shrubs
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petals white, obovate, oblong, or obovate-cuneate, 4.5–10 mm, 1.6–1.8 times as long as wide, 0.5–1.1 times longer than sepals, apex retuse, obtuse, erose
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4-angled (lengths 1–1.5+ diams.), sparsely to densely hairy (at least proximally, hairs straight); pappi usually persistent, of 6–10+ medially thickened
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page 256, 276, 283, 287, 291. Annuals, subshrubs, or shrubs, 4–120 (–150) cm. Stems usually ± erect, rarely decumbent. Leaves mostly cauline (annuals forming
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Volume 6. Treatment on page 150. Mentioned on page 112, 118, 144, 151, 152, 153, 160, 162. Plants perennial, caulescent, not stoloniferous, 1.5–25 cm. Stems
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page 52, 68, 486, 531. Perennials or subshrubs, (1–) 5–60 (–70) cm (usually aromatic). Stems 1–5+ (with interxylary cork), lax to erect, branched from
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Association Leaves floating; petiole to 100 cm; blade ovate, narrowly oval, or narrowly lanceolate, 6–23 × 1.5–7.5 cm, base rounded to attenuate, apex obtuse
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spiraled, 1–3.5 mm, with 1 vein or fewer than 10 widely spaced longitudinal veins, membranous. Styles 3-fid. Achenes trigonous to nearly terete, 0.5–1.1 mm,
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shiny dark-brown or black, older gray, usually slender, sometimes stout, 2–6 cm. Leaves: petiole short, length 10–25 (–50) % blade, pubescent, usually eglandular
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ovate to oblong, 5-17 × (3.5-) 5-7 (-9) mm, abaxially hairy, adaxially glabrous; stamens 50-80. Heads of achenes spheric; pedicel 6-15 (-23) cm. Achenes: body
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Treatment appears in FNA Volume 17. Treatment on page 339. Mentioned on page 5, 6, 12, 325, 340. Subshrubs or herbs, annual or perennial; caudex herbaceous
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[distinct], equal (each often subtending a nectary); petals equal; stamens 6 (usually exserted, distinct, equal); filaments inserted on a discoid or conical
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or perennials; cespitose, sometimes shortly rhizomatous. Culms to 135 (150) cm, erect, geniculate, or decumbent; nodes glabrous or pubescent. Sheaths open
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scattered or in 1–6 whorls or partial whorls, 3–19 leaves per whorl, horizontal and drooping at tips to ascending, 4.9–26.5 × 0.3–5.6 cm, 3–34 times longer
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annual or perennial; sometimes rhizomatous, sometimes cespitose. Culms 5-150 cm, glabrous or pubescent, basal branching extravaginal. Sheaths open the
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distinct, white or pink to rose [rarely blue], equal, not clawed; stamens 6 or 0–3, all fertile, equal; filaments glabrous or bearded; ovary 2–3-locular
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with spikelets confined to the distal 1/5 – 1/3 (1/2). Spikelets 2.5-8.2 mm, laterally compressed; florets (1) 2-5 (6), normal, bisexual; rachilla internodes
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erect, yellow, 6–9 cm; anthers yellow, 25–35 mm; ovary 3–4.5 cm, neck constricted, 3–6 (–8) mm. Capsules short-pedicellate, oblong, 3.5–8 cm, apex beaked
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nonbasal bracts leaflike, except in C. castanea, sheaths usually longer than 5 mm, except in C. castanea, C. misera, and C. sprengelii; lateral spikes erect
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in A. von Humboldt et al. in A. von Humboldt et al., Nov. Gen. Sp. 6(fol.): 183. , 6(qto.): 232. , plate 559. 1824. James Henrickson, Brian D. Vanden Heuvel
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7–3 (–4.5) cm, proximal usually not much longer than distal. Flowers 5-merous; hypanthium 2.5–6 mm diam.; petals yellow, ± obcordate, (2.5–) 3.5–7 (–9)
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shorter than throats, lobes 4 or 5, ± deltate (style-branch apices penicillate or truncate). Cypselae mostly obpyramidal, 4–5-angled, glabrous or sparsely
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Knowl. 5(6): 26. 1853. Susannah B. Johnson-Fulton, Linda E. Watson Common names: Wright´s yellowshow Illustrated Treatment appears in FNA Volume 6. Treatment
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Treatment on page 639. Plants perennial; cespitose or stoloniferous. Culms 30-250 cm, with pithy internodes. Leaves basal or cauline, not aromatic; sheaths open;
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linear to broadly lanceolate, sometimes ovate, 1–6 cm, not fleshy, margins wavy, involute, (0–) 3 (–5) -lobed, apex rounded or narrowly acute to acuminate;
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1 (–4.6) mm; petals linear, elliptic, or oblong, (4–) 6–10.2 (–15) × (1.8–) 2.6–4 (–5.3) mm; stamens (15–) 19–21 (–28); styles (3–) 5 (or 6), (1.5–) 3.4–4
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generally elongate, 0.5-4 cm or sometimes longer; capsule, when present, peristomate > 5 4 Stems generally very short, 0.2-0.8 cm; capsule, when present
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less than 3.5 (–5) mm diam.; scales 10–50, spirally arranged, each scale subtending flower, glabrous. Flowers bisexual; perianth of (0–) 3–6 bristles; bristles
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broadly elliptic, 1.9–4.5 (–6.5) × 0.5–2 (–3) cm, margins entire, surfaces sparsely glandular. Racemes (dense) 5–20 cm (10–30 cm in fruit); bracts unifoliate
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stolons, not producing subterranean spikelets. Culms 20-250 cm, erect or decumbent, usually with 2-5 nodes. Sheaths open; auricles absent; ligules membranous
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Petals 2.5-5(-6.5) mm, not crisped or channeled, claw undifferentiated from blade; calyces not urceolate. Caulanthus lasiophyllus 14 Petals 6-13 mm, crisped
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10 m, glabrous. Leaves: petiole 0.6–3.5 (–5) cm; blade elliptic, elliptic-lanceolate or oblong to ovate, to 15 × 7 cm, base rounded to cuneate, apex acuminate
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R. groenlandicum, R. tomentosum, scented or not); sepals 5 [–9], slightly connate; petals 5 [–9], strongly to only slightly connate (sometimes nearly
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bracts 2–6 mm. Flowers white with redbrown spots at bases of perianth parts; sepals spatulate, 4–6 × 1–2 mm, apex apiculate; lateral sepals connate to 3/4
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somewhat mesic, disturbed areas. There are 11 species in the Flora region, 5 native and 6 introduced. The sterile florets of Phalaris are frequently mistaken
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minute, central papilla. Generated Map Legacy Map North America Varieties 6 (6 in the flora). None. Allium canadense var. canadense, Allium canadense var
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G. Davidse, M. Sousa S., and A.O. Chater (eds.). Flora Mesoamericana, vol. 6: Alismataceae a Cyperaceae. Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Instituto
18 KB (1,245 words) - 04:10, 30 July 2020
or salverform, constricted distal to ovary, abruptly expanded to 5-lobed limb; stamens 5–9, included; styles included; stigmas linear. Fruits winged or not
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tripartita 5 Shrubs, 50–200(–250) cm > 6 5 Shrubs, 10–50 cm > 8 6 Leaves mostly deciduous (variable in size and shape, entire or irregularly 3–6-lobed, lobes
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(3–) 4–5 (–14); corollas 3.5–6.5 mm, lobes 0.7–1.7 mm; style-branches 2.2–3.2 mm (exserted beyond spreading corolla lobes), appendages 0.8–1.5 mm (length
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1–1.6 (–2.3) × 0.4–0.7 mm. Disc-florets (2–) 4–6 (–8); corollas 2–3.5 (–4.5) mm, lobes (0.5–) 0.7–1 (–1.3) mm. Cypselae (narrowly obconic) 0.9–1.5 mm,
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Treatment appears in FNA Volume 23. Treatment on page 32. Mentioned on page 6. Illustrator: John Myers Copyright: Flora of North America Association Herbs
11 KB (647 words) - 01:45, 30 July 2020
numerous and wiry on erect stems. Leaves entire, lobed, or compound, 0.5–20 × 0.2–5 cm. Petiole short, wiry, often partially or wholly winged. Blade glabrous
8 KB (436 words) - 00:26, 30 July 2020
Racemes 0.5–25 cm, (congested or considerably elongated). Fruiting pedicels horizontal to ascending, straight, 2.5–15 mm. Flowers: sepals 1.6–5.3 × 0.5–1.5 mm
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linear-oblong, obtuse. Ray-florets 7–16; laminae 2–5 × 0.7–0.9 mm. Disc-florets 6–31; corollas 4–4.9 mm, lobes 0.6–1.3 (–2) mm. Cypselae narrowly obconic, 1.9–3
11 KB (956 words) - 21:32, 29 July 2020
whitish yellow to black, 0.1-1.5 mm diam., smooth, commonly proliferous and forming clones. Stems upright, forming caudex, to 1.6cm thick (cormlike in O. crotalophoroides);
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distal portions obovate, 2.5–4 × 1.2–2.8 cm, margins erose; style disc green, 2.5–4 cm diam. Capsules 0.6–1.2 cm diam. Seeds 1.2–1.5 mm. Generated Map Legacy
10 KB (1,044 words) - 13:09, 30 July 2020
oblong-lanceolate, (3–) 4–6 × 1.5–2.5 mm; lip recurved, pale greenish to white, triangular-lanceolate to lanceolate, 2.5–7 × 1.5–3.5 mm; spur usually deflexed
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Peduncles 0–10 cm, leafy-bracted. Involucres ovoid to hemispheric, 2–4 × 1.5–6 cm, loosely arachnoid on phyllary margins or glabrate. Phyllaries in 5–10 series
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nearly naked to leafy-bracteate). Involucres campanulate, (5–12 ×) 5.5–14 mm. Phyllaries 30–55 in 3–5 series, 1-nerved, (weakly to strongly keeled proximally
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Mentioned on page 219. Perennials, 5–250 cm; taprooted, often producing offshoots connected by slender rhizomes. Stems 1–5, usually erect, sometimes decumbent
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broadly ovate or rhombic-elliptic to obtrullate or obovate or ± orbiculate, 1.5–5 cm, thin to coriaceous, base ± cuneate, lobes 0 or 1–3 per side, sinuses shallow
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emarginate, 3–5 teeth of central lobe apex usually equally distal. Peduncles 2.5–6 cm. Flowers 4–6.5 cm diam.; sepals linear to narrowly ovate, 15–20 × 3–5 mm, apex
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lateral-veins usually moderately pronounced; lower glumes (3) 3.5-5 (6) mm, 3-veined; upper glumes 3.5-5.5 (6.5) mm, nearly equaling to slightly exceeding the lowest
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Caryopses slightly flattened, broadly ellipsoid to oblong-ellipsoid; hila 1/6 – 1/4 as long as the caryopses, ovate, x = 7. Idaho, Mont., Wash., Va., Alta
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388. Mentioned on page 364, 365, 392. Annuals or perennials, 10–80 (–150+) cm. Stems erect, branched (mostly distally). Leaves cauline; opposite (proximal)
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occurs in many species of sect. Rhexia. In R. cubensis (2x, 4x, 6x), R. nashii (4x, 6x), and R. virginica (2x, 4x), conspecific plants of different ploidy
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acuminate, margins serrate, teeth numerous, venation craspedodromous, veins 3–5 (or 6) per side, apex subacute to acuminate, abaxial surface glabrous except sometimes
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in FNA Volume 26. Rosettes globose, 3.5–7.5 × 4–8.5 dm. Leaves ascending to erect, (18–) 25–65 × (4.5–) 6.5–20 cm; blade linear to lanceolate to broadly
5 KB (592 words) - 06:13, 30 July 2020
Jussieu Lorin I. Nevling Jr., Kerry Barringer Treatment appears in FNA Volume 6. Treatment on page 380. Herbs or shrubs, deciduous or evergreen. Stems flexible;
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21. Treatment on page 88. Mentioned on page 43, 64, 65. Perennials, to 140 cm (caudices vertical or horizontal; plants usually taprooted, fibrous-rooted
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Lygodesmia ramosissima, Lygodesmia texana D. Don Edinburgh New Philos. J. 6: 311. 1829. David J. Bogler Common names: Skeletonplant rush pink Etymology:
9 KB (559 words) - 20:28, 29 July 2020
oblanceolate to linear, obovate, or oblong, laminar (mostly to 1 mm thick), 0.5–5.5 cm, somewhat fleshy, base not spurred, margins entire or toothed; veins not
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(9–) 10 (–12) in 1 whorl; carpels 6–12, connate at least in proximal 1/2; ovary 6–12-loculed. Berries purple-black, 6–11 mm diam. Seeds black, lenticular
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Systematic Account of the Family Asteraceae. 2+ vols. Huntsville, Tex. Vol. 6, pp. 22–43. [Phytologia Mem. 10, 11.] Pectis angustifolia, Pectis cylindrica
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bovina differs from C. diffusa in having smaller involucres (6–7 mm versus 7–10 mm; 3.5 mm versus 4–5 mm diameter), and purple versus pink flowers). Examination
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sepals 5, distinct; petals usually 5, sometimes rudimentary or 0, distinct, white, sometimes pale yellow-green or pale-purple proximally; nectary 5 glands;
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or obovate to elliptic, (5.7–) 9.5–14 (–18.8) × (2.2–) 3.3–5.2 (–6.6) mm; stamens (10–) 15–21 (–22); styles (3 or) 4 or 5 (or 6), (1.3–) 2–2.9 (–3.9) mm;
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Mentioned on page 217, 218, 322, 335, 343, 346, 374. Annuals or perennials, 5–120 cm; taprooted or with caudices (in perennial species; M. borealis rhizomatous)
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their pollen having a high proportion of grains with more pores, usually 4 or 5, than typical 3-pored pollen in Onagraceae. This can be observed under low
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4–7 mm diam.; mericarps usually (4–) 6 or 7 (–10), (1.5–) 2–2.5 mm, glabrous, sides usually smooth, thin, margins and back usually lightly reticulate-veined
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(smooth in F. hamatacanthus), longest spines 30–130 (–170) × 0.5–4.5 mm; radial spines 6–25 per areole, straight to curved, or crinkly bristles, 15–70 mm;
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glabrous. Leaves: petiole 1.6-12.5 cm; leaflets mostly 5, petiolules 0.2-2.2 cm, blades oblong to ovate-elliptic, 0.7-8.2 × 0.4-4.2 cm, base rounded, margins
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to acute. Receptacles flat to convex, pitted, glabrous, epaleate. Florets 6–50+; corollas yellow, bluish, or whitish. Cypselae reddish-brown, tan, whitish
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portion of ovary wall; sepals (2–) 4–5 (–9), connate, forming tube with (2–) 5 (–9) minute, apical teeth; corolla lobes 5–6 (–8), imbricate or subinduplicate-valvate
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page 566, 572, 576, 577, 580, 581, 583, 584, 624, 665. Herbs, perennial, 1.4–6 dm; caudex woody; with a taproot. Stems few-to-many, erect to ascending, unbranched
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(Hydrangeaceae) as it occurs in New Mexico. New Mexico Bot. Newslett. 13: 1–6. Hitchcock, C. L. 1943. The xerophyllous species of Philadelphus in southwestern
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nuecense, Thelesperma simplicifolium, Thelesperma subnudum Lessing Linnaea 6: 511. 1831. John L. Strother Etymology: Greek thele, nipple, and sperma, seed
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recurved, 1-year old shiny, dark mahogany or black, ± slender to ± stout, 3–6 cm. Leaves: petiole length 50% blade, usually narrowly winged distally, pubescent
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America Association Herbs caulescent; caudex branched. Flowering-stems 6–57 cm, short to long-stipitate-glandular or glabrous, viscid. Leaves: petiole
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oblong or ovate, 3–8 (–12) × 1–3.5 (–5) mm, often hairy to ciliate; petioles of proximalmost leaves (5–) 6–15 (–30) cm, 3–9 times as long as blades, much
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funnelform, constricted beyond ovary, abruptly expanded to 5-lobed limb; stamens 2 (–3) or 5–6 (2–5 in cleistogamous flowers), exserted; styles exserted beyond
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Involucres 1 per node, turbinate, (1–) 1.5–3.5 × 1–2 (–2.5) mm; teeth 5, erect, 0.3–1 mm. Flowers (1.5–) 2–3.5 mm; perianth white to cream, pink, or pale-yellow
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