achenes; styles persistent or deciduous, not elongate (elongate in Gillenieae). x = 8, 9, 15, 17. North America, Mexico, Central America, South America, Europe
5 KB (367 words) - 14:16, 30 July 2020
persistent or deciduous, not elongate (elongate but not plumose in Geum). x = 7 (8). North America, Mexico, West Indies, Bermuda, Central America, South
4 KB (346 words) - 13:59, 30 July 2020
one of these clades, most taxa have a chromosome base number of x = 9, but some have x = 10, and the taxa are pan-tropical in origin. The taxa in the other
17 KB (1,292 words) - 03:56, 30 July 2020
H. Raven 1996); and change in base chromosome number from x = 8 in Ludwigia to x = 10 or x = 11 at the base of Onagroideae (Raven 1979; Levin et al. 2003)
3 KB (506 words) - 21:01, 7 June 2022
from the base chromosome number of x = 11 found in Circaeeae, Gongylocarpeae, and Lopezieae, to x = 18 in Epilobieae, and x = 7 in Onagreae; however, these
5 KB (617 words) - 21:02, 7 June 2022
lineages, one of which contains species with a base number of x = 9 and the other, species with x = 10. Photosynthesis in the Paniceae may follow the C3 pathway
21 KB (1,188 words) - 03:56, 30 July 2020
species 2 (2 in the flora). The base chromosome number for Gillenieae is x = 9. Gillenia is host to Gymnosporangium and Phragmidium rusts. None. Amelanchier
4 KB (294 words) - 14:28, 30 July 2020
internode elongate; embryonic leaf margins usually meeting, rarely overlapping, x = (7, 8,) 9, 10 (12). The subfamily Chloridoideae is most abundant in dry,
17 KB (1,499 words) - 04:33, 30 July 2020
three sections: sect. Conyzopsis (x = 7), sect. Symphyotrichum (including sect. Turbinelli) (x = 8), and sect. Occidentales (x = 8). Relationships among sections
7 KB (663 words) - 21:03, 29 July 2020
"hypanthium texture","stipule presence","torus presence","x chromosome atypical quantity","x chromosome quantity"]},{"rank":"family","name":"Rosaceae"
9 KB (450 words) - 13:53, 30 July 2020
vary from 2 x to 6 x. Two species, Asplenium trichomanes and A. heterochroum, occur in different levels of polyploidy—2 x and 4 x, and 4 x and 6 x, respectively
8 KB (637 words) - 00:22, 30 July 2020
absent; mesocotyl internode usually absent; embryonic leaf margins overlapping, x = 7, 10. The subfamily Pooideae includes approximately 3300 species, making
17 KB (872 words) - 03:12, 30 July 2020
dorsiventrally compressed; embryo peripheral and curved, or central and straight. x = 7, 10, 12, [13?,] 14, 15, 17, [18]. North-temperate regions, Europe (esp
11 KB (721 words) - 10:22, 30 July 2020
four hybrid genera: xAgropogon (Agrostis x Polypogon, p. 668), xArctodupontia (Arctopbila x Dupontia, p. 604), xDupoa (Dupontia x Poa, p. 601), and ×Pucciphippsia
45 KB (1,179 words) - 03:07, 30 July 2020
air in seed-coat cells), rectangular to pyramidal, often ± rough surfaced. x = 8. n temperate and arctic subtropical and, in Eastern Hemisphere, tropical
9 KB (574 words) - 08:34, 30 July 2020
embryo usually peripheral and curved, rarely central and straight (Holosteum). x = 6–15, 17–19, 23. North-temperate regions, South America (Andean region),
11 KB (765 words) - 10:56, 30 July 2020
indehiscent or partially dehiscent apically. Seeds 1 per mericarp, glabrous. x = 7, 8. North America, Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America
13 KB (672 words) - 11:32, 30 July 2020
and a root covered by the coleorhiza (root sheath); hila punctate to linear. x = 5,6, 7, 9, 10, 11, 12. The Poaceae or grass family includes approximately
35 KB (1,876 words) - 02:36, 30 July 2020
arrangement","hypanthium texture","stipule presence","torus size","x chromosome atypical quantity","x chromosome quantity"]},{"rank":"family","name":"Rosaceae"
4 KB (289 words) - 13:48, 30 July 2020
prisms, dorsiventrally flattened or not, 0.5–4.5 mm, winged or not winged. x = 9. w, c, se North America, Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America
16 KB (1,025 words) - 18:17, 29 July 2020
basally. Fruits capsules, leathery exocarp sloughing off prior to dehiscence. x = 12. North America, Mexico, Central America (Costa Rica), Central America
10 KB (807 words) - 18:19, 29 July 2020
lenticular or 3-gonous, glabrous or pubescent. Seeds: embryo curved or straight. x = 10. North America (including n Mexico) Species ca. 250 (224 in the flora)
22 KB (1,627 words) - 10:29, 30 July 2020
arrangement, typically displayed by a bulbous habit (X. caroliniana, X. platylepis, X. scabrifolia, X. tennesseensis, XS. torta). In these species, the leaf
9 KB (610 words) - 00:51, 30 July 2020
sometimes veined; beak present or absent, terminal, straight or curved, 0-4.5 mm. x = 7, 8. Worldwide except lowland tropics Species about 300 (76 in the flora)
15 KB (560 words) - 08:33, 30 July 2020
and even though their base chromosome numbers are different [x = 24 in Hesperocallis and x = 30 in Hosta and Agavaceae (T. W. Whitaker 1934; D. Satô 1935;
29 KB (1,493 words) - 05:37, 30 July 2020
that there is no clear relationship to the presumed x = 9 of the Centrospermae. For most genera, x (base number) is unknown. Pollen grains in the Nyctaginaceae
20 KB (1,275 words) - 09:16, 30 July 2020
longitudinally grooved; hila linear; embryos about 1/6 the length of the caryopses. x = 7. There are three genera in the Bromeae. One genus, Bromus, grows in the
9 KB (822 words) - 02:52, 30 July 2020
if with 7-13 veins, the veins often in 3 groups; lodicules 2, or absent, x = 7, 8, 9, 10, 12. Most members of the Cynodonteae in the Flora region can
34 KB (1,217 words) - 04:33, 30 July 2020
cross-section, not winged, adjacent nuts not separated by internal cupule valves. x = 12. North America, Europe, Asia Species ca. 8-10 (3 in the flora, often interpreted
8 KB (435 words) - 08:38, 30 July 2020
capsular. Seeds smooth or sculptured, with or without strophioles or elaiosomes. x = 4–9, 11, 13, 15, 23. Primarily Southern Hemisphere, poorly represented in
13 KB (722 words) - 09:43, 30 July 2020
Eurybia (x = 9) on morphologic and cytologic grounds (Semple 1982). Section Conyzopsis also has x = 7; its karyotype is similar to that of x = 8 subg.
62 KB (1,546 words) - 15:28, 15 December 2020
highly condensed, heteropycnotic chromosomes with a base chromosome number of x = 18, sepals held erect or spreading (not reflexed) throughout anthesis, and
6 KB (821 words) - 21:02, 7 June 2022
species are x = 4, 5, and 7 for the annuals, and x = 8, 15, and 19 for the perennials (S. Carlquist 1956; J. S. Mooring 1997, 2001, 2002). Possibly, x = 15 and
13 KB (1,037 words) - 23:55, 29 July 2020
usually digested by developing embryo and food storage taken over by perisperm. x = 9. Polyploidy common. Worldwide, especially in desert and semidesert regions
21 KB (878 words) - 09:28, 30 July 2020
texture","stipule presence","torus presence","torus size","x chromosome atypical quantity","x chromosome quantity"]},{"rank":"family","name":"Rosaceae"
4 KB (279 words) - 14:03, 30 July 2020
absent; pith interrupted by nodal diaphragms; tendrils branched or absent. x = 19. North America, Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America, Eurasia
2 KB (298 words) - 18:35, 29 July 2020
upper paleas with compound or compound and simple papillae towards the apices, x = 9. There are approximately 50 species of Panicum subg. Panicum in the Western
7 KB (909 words) - 04:05, 30 July 2020
spreading or reflexed. Pappi shorter than to equaling disc-florets at flowering. x = 8. North America, Mexico, widely worldwide through ornamental horticulture
4 KB (810 words) - 21:04, 29 July 2020
reflexed, never hooked; nut 1 per cup, round in cross-section, not winged. x = 12. North America, Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America (Colombia
13 KB (1,271 words) - 08:47, 30 July 2020
complete false septum and dehiscing into 10 segments. Seeds 10, lenticular. x = 13, [15, 18]. Nearly worldwide, temperate and subtropical regions Species
10 KB (551 words) - 18:27, 29 July 2020
persistent or falling, of 1–35 bristles plus callous crowns or hyaline scales. x = 17, 19. United States, Mexico, South America Species 66 (35 in the flora)
8 KB (548 words) - 23:47, 29 July 2020
embryo peripheral, curved or rarely annular to spirally curved (Spergula). x = [7], 8, 9, (11), 12. w North America (including Mexico), w South America
9 KB (538 words) - 10:03, 30 July 2020
or absent; mesocotyl internode elongated; embryonic leaf margins meeting, x = 11, 12. The subfamily Aristidoideae includes only one tribe, the Aristideae
11 KB (771 words) - 04:51, 30 July 2020
slightly laterally compressed; embryo peripheral or central, curved or straight. x = 7, 8, 9. s North America, South America (Andean region), Europe (Mediterranean
9 KB (597 words) - 10:32, 30 July 2020
200–1360 µm diam.; microspores tetrahedral, variously sculptured, 20–75 µm diam. x = 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12. Worldwide, mainly tropical and subtropical regions The
9 KB (681 words) - 00:31, 30 July 2020
sides not prominently veined; beak terminal, straight or curved, 12-110 mm. X = 8. Worldwide, mostly temperate, a few subarctic, subalpine, or tropical Species
9 KB (493 words) - 08:33, 30 July 2020
irregularly bristly, the teeth or setae 0.1–2+ mm), epaleate. Ray-florets 0 (in X. grindelioides and 2 Mexican taxa) or 12–60+, pistillate, fertile; corollas
13 KB (844 words) - 22:21, 29 July 2020
beaked, pericarp thin; hila linear; embryos about 1/3 as long as the caryopses. x = 7. The Triticeae are primarily north-temperate in distribution. The tribe
19 KB (1,548 words) - 02:55, 30 July 2020
species 200+ (44 in the flora). The base chromosome number for Amygdaleae is x = 8. None. Prunus window.propertiesFromHigherTaxa=[{"rank":"subfamily","name":"Rosaceae
4 KB (274 words) - 14:17, 30 July 2020
"hypanthium texture","stipule presence","torus presence","x chromosome atypical quantity","x chromosome quantity"]},{"rank":"family","name":"Rosaceae"
6 KB (393 words) - 14:33, 30 July 2020
sometimes carinate; testa foveolate or reticulate to scalariform [papillose]. x = 12, 9–7, 6 (dihaploid). Nearly worldwide Species ca. 490 (54 in the flora)
13 KB (922 words) - 11:15, 30 July 2020
Pedicularis verticillata) that exhibit a different base chromosome number (x = 6 versus x = 8). That concept has not been accepted by others, because there is
19 KB (1,040 words) - 19:27, 29 July 2020
cylindric, deltoid, pyramidal, or bottle-shaped; caruncle present or absent. x = 6, 7, 8, 9, 10. North America, Mexico, West Indies, Bermuda, Central America
18 KB (1,360 words) - 18:28, 29 July 2020
not; hila usually linear; embryos less than 1/3 as long as the caryopses. x = (8) 9, 10. There are approximately 130 species and 8 or 9 genera in the Meliceae
12 KB (1,001 words) - 03:20, 30 July 2020
architecture","style presence","whole_organism duration","whole_organism growth form","x chromosome quantity"]},{"rank":"family","name":"Ranunculaceae","properties":["illustrator"
1 KB (281 words) - 08:42, 30 July 2020
dorsifixed, versatile. Drupes globose, subglobose, or ellipsoid, slightly fleshy. x = 11. North America, Mexico, Central America, n, w South America, Eurasia,
8 KB (536 words) - 18:13, 29 July 2020
internode absent or very short; embryonic leaf margins usually overlapping. x =12 (10,15,17). The Ehrhartoideae encompasses three tribes, one of which, the
10 KB (670 words) - 02:52, 30 July 2020
apically weakly to strongly clavate [(0.5–in S. sphacelata) 1.5–5 (–7.3) mm]. x = 9. North America, Mexico, South America, Eurasia Species ca. 100 (77 in the
18 KB (1,000 words) - 21:32, 29 July 2020
10–100+, brown, ovoid or oblong, somewhat 4-angled, reticulate or vesiculate. x = [8,] 9, [10,] 11, [12]. North America, Mexico, Central America, South America
25 KB (2,084 words) - 13:06, 30 July 2020
seed-coat (caruncle) often present, white, barely visible to ± equaling seed body. x = 6. Temperate and arctic regions worldwide, tropical mountains The leaves
7 KB (466 words) - 00:53, 30 July 2020
spikelets, sometimes differing in sexuality and shape, sometimes missing. x = usually 9 or 10, or possibly 5 with 9 and 10 reflecting ancient polyploidy
31 KB (2,561 words) - 04:21, 30 July 2020
Seeds 1; testa thin, free from pericarp; embryo basal; endosperm abundant. x = 5–ca. 100. Worldwide Genera ca. 100, species ca. 5000 (27 genera, 843 species
24 KB (775 words) - 01:21, 30 July 2020
loculicidal. Seeds 4–25, pale-brown to dark-brown, ovoid to reniform, wings absent. x = 6, 7. w United States, nw Mexico Species 13 (13 in the flora). Cordylanthus
10 KB (460 words) - 18:57, 29 July 2020
brown, or black, unwinged, (2–) 3-gonous, glabrous. Seeds: embryo curved. x = 10. Nearly worldwide Species ca. 65 (33 in the flora). Two sections of Polygonum
11 KB (904 words) - 10:08, 30 July 2020
Amerallium, encompassing all of the x = 7 North American members of the genus. P. Hanelt (1992) placed the Old World x = 7 species also in that subgenus
43 KB (1,553 words) - 05:48, 30 July 2020
spreading. Seeds narrowly ovoid, longitudinally ribbed, finely cross-ribbed. x = 17. sw United States, nw Mexico Species ca. 45 (26 species in the flora)
13 KB (1,202 words) - 13:01, 30 July 2020
sometimes clavate, often rough-thickened basally to nearly whole length. x = 7. North America, Mexico, West Indies, Bermuda, Central America, South America
31 KB (1,939 words) - 13:53, 30 July 2020
"fruits achene arrangement","stipule presence","torus size","x chromosome atypical quantity","x chromosome quantity"]},{"rank":"family","name":"Rosaceae"
6 KB (367 words) - 14:13, 30 July 2020
less than 1 mm wide. Petal color is assumed to be yellow, although X. caroliniana and X. platylepis have white-petaled forms. Leaf widths or thicknesses
16 KB (658 words) - 00:56, 30 July 2020
Pyrenes 1–5, dorsally grooved, sides plane or eroded, excavated, or pitted. x = 17. North America, Mexico, Europe, Asia, n Africa, in temperate South America
26 KB (2,400 words) - 15:31, 15 December 2020
small or elongate, with or without a scutellar tail; hila usually linear, x = 12, 15, 17. The Oryzeae include about 10-12 genera and 70-100 species. Its
9 KB (719 words) - 02:55, 30 July 2020
hirtellous to villous); pappi 0 or of 12–22 orbiculate to spatulate scales. x = 17. North America, Mexico Species 11 (10 in the flora). My treatment of Hymenopappus
9 KB (558 words) - 23:45, 29 July 2020
brownish, rigid, unequal, smooth, apically attenuate bristles in 1 series. x = 6. w North America Species 14 (14 in the flora). Pyrrocoma has often been
15 KB (811 words) - 22:27, 29 July 2020
fusiform, sometimes ± compressed, (5–) 6–10-nerved, usually densely strigillose. x = 5, 4. North America, Mexico Species 24 (19, including 1 hybrid, in the flora)
8 KB (946 words) - 21:01, 29 July 2020
(in P. hybridum) stigmatic disc. Seeds many, minutely pitted, aril absent. x = 7. Temperate and arctic North America, Eurasia, n, s Africa, Australia Species
11 KB (522 words) - 08:35, 30 July 2020
often compressed laterally, with or without easily separating membranous coat. x = 9 or unknown. North America, Mexico, West Indies (Cuba), Central America
11 KB (511 words) - 11:39, 30 July 2020
Stigmas 2. Achenes biconvex, smaller than bodies of perigynia; style deciduous. x = 27–48. Worldwide Species 70–90 (31 in the flora). Carex sect. Phacocystis
16 KB (761 words) - 02:00, 30 July 2020
lanceolate, erose-truncate or laciniate plus 0–2 (–5) longer, subulate to aristate. x = 12. North America, in Europe Species 23 (23 in the flora). The species of
11 KB (696 words) - 15:28, 15 December 2020
subglobose to elongate, 3-locular, large, leathery. Seeds large, green, fleshy. x = 20, 23. se and sc United States, West Indies, Central America, and South
14 KB (860 words) - 05:56, 30 July 2020
fleshy or leathery; sepals persistent or deciduous, erect to spreading-erect. x = 7. North America, Mexico, Europe, Asia, n Africa, widely worldwide Species
23 KB (1,822 words) - 13:48, 30 July 2020
measurement","whole_organism growth form","whole_organism some measurement","x chromosome quantity"]},{"rank":"tribe","name":"Rosaceae tribe Roseae","properties":["achene
5 KB (546 words) - 13:49, 30 July 2020
ampliate, lobes erect. Pappi shorter than to equaling disc-florets at flowering. x = 8. w North America Species 12 (12 in the flora). Allen, G. A. 1984. Morphological
3 KB (603 words) - 21:09, 29 July 2020
512, 513, 530. Plants 20–80 cm. Leaves: basal 0–10, blade lanceolate, 20–120 x 10–60 mm, 1-pinnatifid or 2-pinnatifid, margins of adjacent lobes nonoverlapping
8 KB (574 words) - 19:28, 29 July 2020
hispidula and T. dentata), and some veins meeting margin at or below the sinuses. x = 36. Species 7–12 were monographed by A. R. Smith (1971), who treated them
2 KB (298 words) - 00:29, 30 July 2020
lower paleas absent, small, or large, not thickened; upper florets variable, x = 9 or 10. Panicum subg. Agrostoidea is found primarily in warm temperate to
6 KB (905 words) - 04:08, 30 July 2020
Xerospiraea J. Henrickson (one species). The base chromosome number for Spiraeeae is x = 9. None. Aruncus, Holodiscus, Kelseya, Luetkea, Petrophytum, Spiraea window
7 KB (338 words) - 14:24, 30 July 2020
dorsal vein. Seeds 1 or 2 (or 3) per mericarp, glabrous or slightly pubescent. x = 5. w, c North America, Mexico, South America (Argentina), South America (Bolivia)
14 KB (589 words) - 11:36, 30 July 2020
pericarp thin; hila linear; embryos less than 1/3 the length of the caryopses. x = 7, 8, 10, 11, 12. The tribe Stipeae includes about 15 genera and approximately
18 KB (1,356 words) - 02:45, 30 July 2020
5-lobed. Fruits nutlets, obovoid or subglobose, smooth, ridged, or tuberculate. x = 5. w North America Species 7 (7 in the flora). Limnanthes was divided into
10 KB (1,122 words) - 12:04, 30 July 2020
present, stalks and rachis only slightly flattened, not fleshy, 0.5–2 mm wide. x =45. Worldwide Trophophore blades of most species in Botrychium subg. Botrychium
5 KB (560 words) - 00:23, 30 July 2020
flowers; style conic, short. Berries purple or black. Seeds 1–4 per fruit. x = 10. North America, Mexico, West Indies, Central America, n South America
14 KB (773 words) - 18:13, 29 July 2020
2-valved. Seeds few-many, reniform to subglobose, elaiosome usually present. x = 8. Temperate North America, Eurasia, and Africa Species ca. 100 (10 in the
10 KB (525 words) - 08:22, 30 July 2020
attached to inner surface of sporophylls, elongate, dehiscing longitudinally. x =108. Nearly worldwide Equisetum occurs in moist places such as riverbanks
11 KB (523 words) - 00:32, 30 July 2020
hypanthium persistent; sepals persistent, erect; styles tardily deciduous, jointed. x = 7. w United States, nw Mexico Species 30 (30 in the flora). The often aromatic
19 KB (1,253 words) - 14:03, 30 July 2020
baccate, ovoid to globose, fleshy. Seeds 2–40, ellipsoid; testa reticulate. x = 12. North America, Mexico, West Indies, Central America, n South America
13 KB (607 words) - 12:52, 30 July 2020
ephemeral, sometimes absent; sporangial capsules glabrous or occasionally hairy. x = 27, 29, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36. Nearly worldwide In the broadest sense, Thelypteris
14 KB (584 words) - 00:28, 30 July 2020
orbicular to elliptical, planoconvex or flattened, white, yellow, or brown, x = 10, 12. Conn., N.J., N.Y., Wash., Va., Del., D.C, Wis., W.Va., Pacific Islands
22 KB (1,167 words) - 04:18, 30 July 2020
are exceedingly variable, and polyploidy is common: multiples of both x = 7 and x = 8 occur, suggesting that chromosomal changes have played a significant
12 KB (679 words) - 06:03, 30 July 2020
articulate. Blades 1–4-pinnate, of diverse size and shape. Indusia present. x = 36. Worldwide Species ca. 700 (28 species, 3 nothospecies in the flora).
11 KB (330 words) - 00:25, 30 July 2020
(sometimes pappi 0 and shoulders of cypsela wings ± bristly, pappuslike). x = 14. Mostly temperate North America, also tropical New World and Old World
12 KB (827 words) - 23:22, 29 July 2020
tuberculate, with white elaiosome; seeds dispersed ballistically and by ants. x = 5, 6, 7, 8. North America, (including Mexico), Central America (Guatemala)
16 KB (646 words) - 09:44, 30 July 2020
that sect. Orobanche has a base number of x = 19, whereas members of the other sections are characterized by x = 24. As summarized by J. M. Park et al.
22 KB (1,669 words) - 19:24, 29 July 2020
with cartilaginous beak protruding through opening in stone, not furrowed. x = 20–26. North America, Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America
10 KB (499 words) - 18:33, 29 July 2020
(coroniform in A. californica and A. papposa, sometimes on outer in A. rothrockii). x = 9. Mostly Northern Hemisphere (North America), Mostly Northern Hemisphere
14 KB (1,396 words) - 20:45, 29 July 2020
head). Capsules 1-locular or 3-locular, beaked. Seeds tailed or not tailed. x = 20. Worldwide Species ca. 80 (32 in the flora). None. Juncus acuminatus,
13 KB (391 words) - 01:01, 30 July 2020
Fruits achenes, berries, or cypselas. Seeds: perisperm present; embryo curved. x = 9. Temperate, subtropical, and tropical North America, West Indies, Central
10 KB (597 words) - 09:11, 30 July 2020
sect. Californica T. J. Watson (shrubs, including X. cognata, X. orcuttii, and the Mexican endemic X. frutescens). Watson, T. J. 1977. The taxonomy of
11 KB (655 words) - 22:25, 29 July 2020
anthers 3. Caryopses smooth; pericarp thin; endosperm hard; hila round or oval, x = 9. Minn., Conn., N.J., N.Y., Wash., Ala., Mich., N.C., Pa., Puerto Rico,
26 KB (1,343 words) - 04:00, 30 July 2020
wings often present, lateral wing often present, 1, curved, glands present. x = 11. Mostly Western Hemisphere, Europe, Asia Species ca. 30 (24 in the flora)
14 KB (539 words) - 00:58, 30 July 2020
discoid, biconvex, 2–3-gonous, or spheroidal, glabrous. Seeds: embryo curved. x = 10, 11, 12. Nearly worldwide Species ca. 100 (26 in the flora). Opinions
10 KB (671 words) - 10:11, 30 July 2020
or subplumose bristles 0.5–4.6 mm plus callous crowns or hyaline scales. x = 17. United States, Mexico Species 29 (22 in the flora). Powell, A. M. 1973b
11 KB (583 words) - 23:49, 29 July 2020
reddish, subequal, fine, barbellate, apically attenuate bristles in 1 series. x = 9. w North America, n Mexico Species 36 (34 in the flora). Two species, Ericameria
23 KB (1,156 words) - 22:11, 29 July 2020
scale erose, or 1–5-aristate, or a fascicle of 5–9 basally connate bristles). x = 8. sw United States, Mexico, in West Indies, South America, Asia, Africa
11 KB (587 words) - 23:33, 29 July 2020
deciduous, jointed, usually ± rough-thickened basally, otherwise mostly filiform. x = 7. w North America, nw Mexico Species 20 (20 in the flora). As discussed
16 KB (987 words) - 14:06, 30 July 2020
hymenoides x Stipa nevadensis. Amer. J. Bot. 49:540-546 Johnson, B.L. 1963. Natural hybrids between Oryzopsis and Stipa: III. Oryzopsis hymenoides x Stipa pinetorum
28 KB (2,014 words) - 02:45, 30 July 2020
or aristate scales (sometimes 2 kinds in combination on single cypselae). x = 8. w North America, nw Mexico, South America (Chile) Species 18 (17 in the
11 KB (916 words) - 23:52, 29 July 2020
(1 in T. spathacea); hilum oblong to linear; embryotega abaxial to lateral. x = 6–8, probably others. Neotemperate and neotropical The species described
17 KB (671 words) - 00:52, 30 July 2020
or yellow, relatively thick, or not prominent, greenish. Berries globose. x = 8. North America, Mexico, Central America, South America, Europe, Asia, n
23 KB (1,464 words) - 13:16, 30 July 2020
light to dark-brown or yellow, ovoid to reniform or oblong, wings absent. x = 7. w North America Species 9 (9 in the flora). Orthocarpus is related to
9 KB (389 words) - 18:58, 29 July 2020
Caryopses with punctate hila; embryos 1/2 or more as long as the caryopses. x = 10. The tribe Pappophoreae includes five genera and approximately 40 species
4 KB (557 words) - 04:49, 30 July 2020
shorter on peripheral cypselae, midnerves obscure), sometimes 0 or coroniform. x = ? (n = 6, 8, plus polyploids and dysploid numbers). w North America, nw Mexico
11 KB (947 words) - 22:31, 29 July 2020
dehiscence poricidal. Seeds 5–40, brown to black, ovoid to oblong, wings absent. x = 8. w United States, n Mexico Species 12 (9 in the flora). Sairocarpus is
11 KB (634 words) - 19:01, 29 July 2020
hila large, punctate, basal; embryos 3/4 or more as long as the caryopses. x = 10. The tribe Orcuttieae includes only three genera and nine species, all
7 KB (646 words) - 04:50, 30 July 2020
without lipid, starch-grains simple or compound, or both; hila round or oval, x = 9 (usually), sometimes 10, with polyploid and dysploid derivatives. Conn
26 KB (1,480 words) - 04:05, 30 July 2020
to fine, ± equal (or outer shorter), barbellulate bristles in 1–2 series. x = 3, 4, 5, 6, 11. North America, Eurasia, Africa, nearly worldwide Species
18 KB (964 words) - 20:06, 29 July 2020
surrounding copious farinaceous perisperm; radicle inferior or centrifugal. x = 9. Worldwide Species 100+ (34 in the flora). Chenopodium quinoa Willdenow
19 KB (716 words) - 09:29, 30 July 2020
inrolled, hollow near attachment to placenta, wings absent, rarely present. x = 7. North America, nw Mexico Species 21 (21 in the flora). The flowers in
16 KB (737 words) - 19:04, 29 July 2020
architecture","whole_organism duration","whole_organism growth form","whorl quantity","x"]},{"rank":"family","name":"Liliaceae","properties":["illustrator","illustration
2 KB (518 words) - 05:27, 30 July 2020
an involute leaf vernation. While Primula has a base number of x = 11, Dodecatheon has x = 22; H. J. Thompson (1953) has shown that 2n = 66 plants are triploids
21 KB (1,760 words) - 13:05, 30 July 2020
Erythronium is x = 12, except for the white-flowered species of eastern North America, E. albidum, E. mesochoreum, and E. propullans, which have x = 11. Both
18 KB (1,049 words) - 05:39, 30 July 2020
hairy, usually some hairs (chasmogamous), 1–20 per capsule (cleistogamous). x = 10. North America, Mexico, West Indies (Dominican Republic), Central America
9 KB (561 words) - 11:40, 30 July 2020
loculicidal. Seeds 6–36, lustrous black, obpyriform to ovoid-ellipsoid, 2–4 mm. x = 15. North America Species 6 (6 in the flora). Cmassia has been associated
9 KB (519 words) - 05:59, 30 July 2020
sometimes fragile, rarely falling, of 5–40, barbellulate bristles in 1 series. x = 17. North America, Mexico, Central America, Andean South America Species
11 KB (480 words) - 22:58, 29 July 2020
pits (pits oriented with longer dimension at right angles to length of seed). x = 9. North America, Mexico, South America, Europe, Asia, Africa, Pacific Islands
8 KB (388 words) - 18:13, 29 July 2020
the lemmas, ciliate on the keels, adnate to the caryopses; anthers (2) 3. x = 7. Conn., Mass., N.H., N.J., N.Y., Calif., Del., N.C., Va., W.Va., Vt., D
16 KB (1,697 words) - 02:52, 30 July 2020
attached. Seeds numerous, subglobose, minutely pitted, 1-3 mm, aril present. x = 14. North America, South America, Hawaii, in other tropical and temperate
14 KB (554 words) - 08:36, 30 July 2020
prominently veined; beak terminal, straight, 3-26 mm. Seeds black, obovoid, smooth. x = 7. Circumboreal Species ca. 70 (21 in the flora). Species of Aquilegia are
12 KB (514 words) - 08:29, 30 July 2020
some measurement","whole_organism duration","whole_organism growth form","x chromosome quantity"]},{"rank":"family","name":"Ranunculaceae","properties":["illustrator"
3 KB (434 words) - 08:42, 30 July 2020
compressed, papillate-tuberculate, marginal wing absent, appendage absent. x = [9?, 13, 15] 17, 18, 19. Worldwide, but mainly north-temperate region Species
21 KB (1,044 words) - 10:15, 30 July 2020
red. Caryopses small, ellipsoid to subglobose, compressed dorsiventrally. x = 9. Conn., N.J., N.Y., Wash., Utah, W.Va., Mich., Del., D.C, Wis., Iowa, Pacific
17 KB (1,129 words) - 04:14, 30 July 2020
clandestinus. Cleistogamous spikelets occasionally present in the lower leaf-sheaths, x = 9. Conn., N.J., N.Y., Wash., Va., W.Va., Del., D.C, Wis., Ariz., N.Mex.,
22 KB (1,094 words) - 04:32, 30 July 2020
or persistent, of 2 awns (± confluent with cypsela shoulders and wings). x = 7. North America Species 12 (12 in the flora). In keys and descriptions here
10 KB (661 words) - 23:01, 29 July 2020
partial, membranous, laciniate, marginal wing often present, appendage absent. x = 9. Coastal and saline areas, w North America (including Mexico), Central
13 KB (764 words) - 10:17, 30 July 2020
cleft present; mesocotyl internode absent; embryonic leaf margins overlapping, x = 7,9, 10, 11, 12. The Bambusoideae includes two tribes, the woody Bambuseae
11 KB (722 words) - 03:10, 30 July 2020
thick, unequal, barbellate, apically attenuate bristles in 2 (–3) series. x = 6. sw United States, Mexico Species 16 (10 in the flora). Isocoma is recognized
12 KB (695 words) - 20:55, 29 July 2020
cylindric; stigma capitate. Capsules borne on erect pedicels, subglobose to ovoid. x = 13. North America, n Europe, Asia Species 18 (3 in the flora). None. Cassiope
5 KB (396 words) - 13:15, 30 July 2020
smooth, rugulose, or tuberculate, marginal wing absent, appendage absent. x = 11. North-temperate regions, esp. w North America, Eurasian mountains, Asia
19 KB (1,194 words) - 10:09, 30 July 2020
architecture","whole_organism duration","whole_organism growth form","whorl quantity","x"]},{"rank":"family","name":"Liliaceae","properties":["illustrator","illustration
2 KB (474 words) - 06:14, 30 July 2020
pendent, ellipsoid to slightly obovoid, 3-ribbed. Seeds cylindric-fusiform. x = 20, 21. Mostly temperate regions, North America, Central America, 1 circumboreal
9 KB (511 words) - 05:31, 30 July 2020
ribbed or striate, glandular-pubescent; pappi usually 0 (rarely of scales). x = 16. sw United States, n Mexico Species 3 (3 in the flora). Baileya is perhaps
7 KB (599 words) - 22:38, 29 July 2020
pappi persistent, of 5–12 entire or ± lacerate, sometimes aristate scales. x = 17. North America, Mexico, West Indies (Cuba), Central America, South America
13 KB (702 words) - 15:32, 15 December 2020
apex. Seeds 1–50, brown or black, smooth or minutely sculpted, estrophiolate. x = 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15. w North America (including Mexico) Species 16 (16
13 KB (537 words) - 09:45, 30 July 2020
short-ciliate (E. salisburgensis). Seeds 10–18, grayish, fusiform, wings absent. x = 11. North America, South America, Eurasia, Africa (Morocco), Atlantic Islands
17 KB (854 words) - 19:26, 29 July 2020
Elymus canadensis x Agropyron dasystachutn. Amer. J. Bot. 54:1084-1089 Dewey, D.R. 1968. Synthetic hybrids of Agropyron dasystachyum x Elymus glaucus and
45 KB (3,070 words) - 03:00, 30 July 2020
branches, purple, plumose. Caryopses not longitudinally grooved; endosperm solid, x = 9. D.C, Wis., Pacific Islands (Hawaii), Fla., N.Mex., Tex., La., Ala., Ind
12 KB (923 words) - 04:12, 30 July 2020
globose-lenticular, or 3-gonous, glabrous. Seeds: embryo straight or curved. x = 10. North America (including Mexico), South America Species 50 (33 in the
23 KB (1,142 words) - 10:54, 30 July 2020
elongated; embryonic leaf margins usually meeting, sometimes overlapping, x = 6,7, 9. The Danthonioideae include only one tribe, the Danthonieae, which
13 KB (931 words) - 04:50, 30 July 2020
(sometimes cypselae each with glandular-hairs around apices in R. heliopsidis). x = 19. e North America Species 9 (9 in the flora). None. Rudbeckia fulgida,
10 KB (649 words) - 22:36, 29 July 2020
obscurely woody. Seeds 1–3 per scale, round to faceted, wingless; cotyledons 2–6. x = 11. Primarily Northern Hemisphere, 1 in e Africa Juniperus is the only dioecious
12 KB (667 words) - 00:26, 30 July 2020
persistent, of 12–40 coarsely barbellate to plumose bristles in 1–2 series. x = 10. North America, Mexico, West Indies (Bahamas) Species 37 (37 in the flora)
24 KB (826 words) - 22:52, 29 July 2020
to many, angular, 1-winged or 2-winged [prismatic]; seed-coat light-brown. x = 9. Introduced; s Africa Species 52 (1 in the flora). Several species of Watsonia
6 KB (445 words) - 06:09, 30 July 2020
irregularly. Seeds closely or loosely invested in capsules, globose, turgid. x = 19. North America (se and sw United States), n and nc Mexico Species ca.
10 KB (569 words) - 06:10, 30 July 2020
fleshy, dehiscence irregular. Seeds ovoid, not winged, with fleshy appendage. x = 13. North America Species 10 (all in the flora). Hexastylis is very similar
9 KB (474 words) - 08:38, 30 July 2020
barbellulate to barbellate, sometimes plumose or subplumose bristles in 1 series. x = 9. North America, Mexico, Central America Species ca. 100 (32 in the flora)
17 KB (617 words) - 22:47, 29 July 2020
with corky arillate appendages (strophioles in Mammillaria tetrancistra). x = 11. Tropical to temperate regions in North America, West Indies, Central
40 KB (1,967 words) - 15:27, 15 December 2020
and rugose, appearing transversely and longitudinally ribbed, wings absent. x = 6. Introduced; Europe, Asia, ne Africa, also in Mexico, South America, elsewhere
15 KB (843 words) - 19:14, 29 July 2020
but often obscure in mature sori. Spores brownish, cristate, rarely rugose. x = 38, 39, 41. Mostly north temperate regions and higher elevations in the tropics
12 KB (653 words) - 00:23, 30 July 2020
20–50 µm, monolete, smooth or textured with spines, tubercles, or ridges. x = 11. Nearly worldwide Geography, habitat, megaspore texture, spore size, and
15 KB (1,109 words) - 00:22, 30 July 2020
tetrahedral-globose, rugose or cristate, lacking prominent equatorial-ridge. x = 29. Most in the Western Hemisphere, a small number in Asia, Africa, the Pacific
15 KB (692 words) - 00:28, 30 July 2020
sometimes dry, at maturity. Seeds 1-10, tan to redbrown or black; aril absent. x = 14. Almost worldwide Species ca. 500 (22 in the flora). Many species of Berberis
16 KB (698 words) - 08:36, 30 July 2020
stigmas with dry multicellular papillae, entire or 4-lobed, lobes commissural; x = 18 [b. Onagraceae subfam Onagroideae tribe Epilobieae 5 Floral tube absent;
19 KB (805 words) - 21:01, 7 June 2022
Seeds black, angular, subovoid, wrinkled, coat with crust. x = 9 (except for B. clevelandii x = 14). c and s Calif, Mexico (n Baja California) Species 3
9 KB (571 words) - 06:02, 30 July 2020
tetrahedral-globose, rugose, lacking prominent equatorial-ridge. Gametophytes glabrous. x = 29. North America, Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America The
9 KB (562 words) - 00:25, 30 July 2020
dehiscence loculicidal. Seeds black, flattened, obovoid, becoming globose distally. x = 30 (5 large, 25 small). Warmer regions in the Americas from the sw United
24 KB (1,110 words) - 06:12, 30 July 2020
Stigmas 2. Achenes biconvex, smaller than bodies of perigynia; style deciduous. x = 27–33. Circumboreal, high montane regions of North America, South America
11 KB (598 words) - 01:52, 30 July 2020
rounded to flattened, coat with crust with longitudinal surface striations. x = 6, 8, 12, 16, 18, 20, or 24. w North America including Mexico (Baja California)
12 KB (690 words) - 06:01, 30 July 2020
rounded-trigonous; seed-coat dry, verrucose, papillate, ribbed, or smooth; caruncle absent. x = 8, 9, 13. North America, Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America
16 KB (864 words) - 18:14, 29 July 2020
loculicidal. Seeds many, in 2 rows per locule, yellowish to brownish, flat. x = 12, 13, often with chromosome fragments. Northern Hemisphere Species ca.
13 KB (449 words) - 05:41, 30 July 2020
reduced to an awn column with well-developed awns or to a flabellate scale, x = 10. Conn., N.J., N.Y., W.Va., Mich., Alta., B.C., Man., Ont., Sask., D.C
16 KB (1,065 words) - 04:46, 30 July 2020
or sculptured, sometimes hairy, strophiolate in C. maritima and C. tweedyi. x = 22, 23. North America (including Mexico), South America Species ca. 35 (11
11 KB (596 words) - 09:43, 30 July 2020
equal, subequal, or unequal, erose to laciniate scales (the alternate alike). x = 19. w United States, nw Mexico Species 7 (7 in the flora). Wilken, D. H.
9 KB (598 words) - 00:03, 30 July 2020
column. Capsule dry, dehiscent. Seeds flattened or rounded, sometimes winged. x = 6, 7, 8. Nearly worldwide Species ca. 300 (12 in the flora). Most European
10 KB (491 words) - 08:21, 30 July 2020
fruiting stem and capsules frequently present during current-year’s anthesis. x = 14, 15, 18, ca. 20, ca. 21, 22. Widespread, mostly in Asia and East Indies
9 KB (493 words) - 05:30, 30 July 2020
spheric to ovoid, reticulate, ridged and burlike, or pitted, aril absent. x = 6, 7. w North America (United States), nw Mexico Species 12 (10 in the flora)
9 KB (321 words) - 08:45, 30 July 2020
intervening flesh, rarely connate, brown, planoconvex or trigonous, bony. x = 17. Introduced; Eurasia, n Africa, also in Europe, Pacific Islands, Australia
31 KB (1,652 words) - 14:31, 30 July 2020
cycle","vein presence","vein shape","vein size","whole_organism architecture","x chromosome quantity"]},{"rank":"tribe","name":"Poaceae tribe Paniceae","properties":["base
3 KB (836 words) - 04:15, 30 July 2020
extensively corky (usually in wetland species), with or without obvious aril. x = uncertain. Northern Hemisphere Species ca. 280 (34 in the flora). Because
20 KB (1,129 words) - 06:06, 30 July 2020
loculicidal. Seeds 8–40, brown to dark-brown, ovoid to ± reniform, wings absent. x = 7. w United States, nw Mexico Species 4 (4 in the flora). Species of Chloropyron
8 KB (447 words) - 18:56, 29 July 2020
septicidal. Seeds 100+, ellipsoid, narrowly winged, not tailed; testa smooth. x = 12. North America, Eurasia Species 8 (5 in the flora). None. Phyllodoce aleutica
7 KB (391 words) - 13:17, 30 July 2020
Seeds 12–65, globose or subglobose, not arillate, (cleft fused between ends). x = 10. North America, Mexico Species 5 (5 in the flora). Iltis, H. H. 1958.
6 KB (350 words) - 12:06, 30 July 2020
capsular, obovoid to globose, dehiscence loculicidal. Seeds black, 3-angled. x = 12. w North America, Eurasia Species 10–12 (1 in the flora). None. Lloydia
5 KB (300 words) - 05:44, 30 July 2020
enclosing woody seed-coat, splitting into 2 parts at maturity; albumen ruminate. x = 11. North America, Asia in China and Japan Two Asian species are planted
6 KB (342 words) - 00:32, 30 July 2020
anthesis, distinct in fruit. Capsules 2-locular, longitudinally 2-grooved. x = 11. c, e United States, e Asia, Africa Species 29 (1 in the flora). None
3 KB (230 words) - 13:07, 30 July 2020
measurement","whole-organism duration","whole-organism some measurement","x chromosome quantity"]},{"rank":"tribe","name":"Asteraceae tribe Astereae",
3 KB (603 words) - 21:32, 29 July 2020
"stigma relief","style architecture or shape","testa fusion","testa width","x chromosome quantity"]}];
37 KB (456 words) - 02:15, 30 July 2020
2-veined, occasionally absent; anthers 1 or 3. Caryopses fusiform; hila linear, x = 11, 12. Conn., D.C, Del., Ill., Ind., Mass., Md., Mo., Mont., Nebr., N.H
23 KB (1,150 words) - 04:51, 30 July 2020
smooth and shiny, or rugose, or finely pubescent, or with paired glands, x = 9 or 10, with some polyploids. Panicum subg. Phanopyrum is most abundant
5 KB (871 words) - 04:10, 30 July 2020
in cross-section, dark-brown; embryos about 2/5 as long as the caryopses. x = 10. Conn., N.J., N.Y., D.C, Del., Ill., Ind., Kans., Mich., Minn., Nebr.
11 KB (976 words) - 04:34, 30 July 2020
Seeds ellipsoid, oblong, ovoid, globose, or lenticular; caruncle present. x = 8, 9, 10, 14. North America, Mexico, West Indies, Bermuda, Central America
24 KB (874 words) - 18:18, 29 July 2020
rudimentary, terminal, straight or curved, to 40 (-50) mm, sometimes plumose. x=7 or 8. Nearly worldwide, primarily in cooler temperate and arctic regions
19 KB (1,214 words) - 15:30, 15 December 2020
40–50 white to tawny, barbellate, apically attenuate bristles in 1–3 series. x = 4. w North America, n Mexico Species 3 (3 in the flora). Dieteria has often
11 KB (782 words) - 22:23, 29 July 2020
barbellate, apically attenuate bristles in 1–2 series, sometimes forming coronas. x = 5, 6. w North America, nw Mexico Species 12 (12 in the flora). In gland-bearing
12 KB (729 words) - 20:57, 29 July 2020
stigmas 3, recurved, ligulate. Berries black, blue, purple, red, or orange. x = 13–16. Worldwide in the tropics and subtropics, with extensions into temperate
14 KB (755 words) - 06:14, 30 July 2020
imbibing water; endosperm globose to pyriform; embryo oriented longitudinally. x = 14. North America, Mexico, West Indies, Central America, Eurasia, Africa
13 KB (906 words) - 17:24, 5 October 2020
winged or not, glabrous or pubescent. Seeds pubescent to subglabrous, arillate. x = 9. w, sc United States, Mexico, Central America (Guatemala) Species 17 (12
13 KB (712 words) - 21:03, 7 June 2022
smooth or variously sculptured, granular to stellate-tuberculate or spiny. x = 4, 5, 8, 9. Nearly worldwide, primarily tropical and subtropical, also temperate
12 KB (398 words) - 09:12, 30 July 2020
coiled peduncles. Seeds nearly globose to ellipsoid, to 5 mm; aril present. x = 14. Worldwide Species 35-40 (9 in the flora). Nymphaea is an important genus
8 KB (500 words) - 08:37, 30 July 2020
2–3 sclerified awns plus (0–) 7–12 shorter bristles or scales in 1 series. x = 9. North America Species 5 (5 in the flora). Morgan, J. T. 1966. A Taxonomic
9 KB (535 words) - 22:17, 29 July 2020
or threadlike (B. davidii), usually obcompressed, wings present or absent. x = 19. North America, Mexico, Central America, South America, Asia, e Africa
12 KB (593 words) - 19:21, 29 July 2020
end walls often raised, giving testa papillose appearance; endosperm absent. x = 6. Nearly worldwide Seeds are necessary for certain determination of species
10 KB (561 words) - 01:00, 30 July 2020
ellipsoid to globose, yellow to dark-brown, smooth to scabrous or furrowed. x = 7. Generally dry areas in temperate, tropical North America and Mediterranean
8 KB (560 words) - 00:28, 30 July 2020
spikelets usually vestigial or absent, sometimes well-developed and staminate. x = 10. Minn., Conn., N.J., N.Y., Wis., Del., D.C, Man., Ont., Que., Sask., W
14 KB (1,071 words) - 04:25, 30 July 2020
"whole_organism architecture","whole_organism duration","whole_organism growth form","x chromosome quantity"]},{"rank":"tribe","name":"Poaceae tribe Andropogoneae"
2 KB (728 words) - 04:25, 30 July 2020
bearing white or yellowish, large, oily, myrmecochorous elaiosome (aril). x = 5.2n = 10 in all American species recorded. North America, Asia Species 43
30 KB (822 words) - 06:13, 30 July 2020
globose to obconic or hemispheric; seed-coat black, granular to rugulose. x = 8. New World, Hawaii, 1 species in New Zealand and 1 in Great Britain probably
23 KB (1,162 words) - 06:04, 30 July 2020
plane or margins and/or midribs variously raised and thickened (then H or X-shaped in cross-section), or evidently terete, midribs and margins much thickened
8 KB (531 words) - 06:10, 30 July 2020
glabrous; styles 2-branched, branches divergent to recurved, plumose distally. x = 10. N.C., Conn., N.J., N.Y., Wash., W.Va., Del., D.C, Wis., Ariz., N.Mex
20 KB (1,626 words) - 03:20, 30 July 2020
lanceolate to oblong, 24–140 x 8–31 mm, margins serrate to pinnatifid, surfaces brown-pubescent. Bracts leaflike, 11–32 x 3–9 mm, margins entire or crenate
6 KB (468 words) - 19:32, 29 July 2020
Seeds usually 3–6 per mericarp, usually turbinate, puberulent or scabridulous. x = 7, 8. United States, Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America
12 KB (726 words) - 11:23, 30 July 2020
ellipsoid; embryo vertical, oblique, or horizontal; endosperm present or absent. x = 12. United States, Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America, Africa
13 KB (783 words) - 13:04, 30 July 2020
5–20 per scale, lenticular or faceted, narrowly 2-winged; cotyledons 2–5. x = 11. Warm north temperate regions The genus Cupressus in North America consists
8 KB (582 words) - 00:28, 30 July 2020
in T. tetragyna; ovary pear-shaped; styles 3 (or 4), short. Seeds beaked. x = 12. Introduced; Eurasia, n, s Africa, also in Mexico, West Indies, South
8 KB (807 words) - 11:41, 30 July 2020
Seeds 30–40, brown, globular-ovoid or irregular, wings present or absent. x = 13. s United States, Mexico, West Indies Species 17 (5 in the flora). The
8 KB (440 words) - 18:50, 29 July 2020
indehiscent. Seeds ascending, 1 per mericarp, black, obovoid-reniform, glabrous. x = 10. sw United States, nw Mexico Species 3 (3 in the flora). None. Eremalche
7 KB (365 words) - 11:26, 30 July 2020
bracts resembling foliage leaves. Pedicels 11–30 mm. Flowers 10–26 x 7–16 mm; calyx 3–5 x 4–7 mm, lobes broadly deltate, 1–1.5 mm; corolla abruptly inflating
5 KB (422 words) - 19:32, 29 July 2020
been used to separate Fallopia (x = 10; climbing or sprawling, fibrous-rooted annuals and perennials) from Reynoutria (x = 11; erect, rhizomatous perennials)
11 KB (761 words) - 10:08, 30 July 2020
pappi persistent, of 20–30 reddish-brown, fine, smooth bristles in 1–2 series. x = 5 (4, 6). w United States, Mexico Species 13 (7 in the flora). Hazardia is
11 KB (801 words) - 20:56, 29 July 2020
staminate spikelets, hyaline, unawned or with a straight awn of less than 10 mm. x = 10. Minn., Conn., N.J., N.Y., Fla., Pa., Wash., Va., W.Va., Del., D.C, Wis
13 KB (1,172 words) - 04:27, 30 July 2020
sepals persistent, spreading, reflexed, or clasping tori; styles deciduous. x = 7. North America, Mexico, South America, Eurasia, Pacific Islands (Hawaii)
14 KB (994 words) - 14:08, 30 July 2020
smooth. Fruits dry, enclosed in persistent calyces, dehiscing transversely. x = 9. North America, s South America, Europe, w Asia (n Siberia), n Africa Species
6 KB (452 words) - 10:13, 30 July 2020
hypanthium persistent; sepals persistent, erect; styles tardily deciduous, jointed. x = 7. North America, nw Mexico, Eurasia, mostly temperate areas Species 25–30
22 KB (1,357 words) - 14:09, 30 July 2020
achenes; sepals persistent, erect, connivent, bristles erect to reflexed, hooked. x = 7. North America, Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America, Eurasia
14 KB (902 words) - 14:13, 30 July 2020
ensheathed by brownish or sometimes mottled persistent perianth; embryo coiled. x = 10. Temperate Northern Hemisphere Species 3 (2 in the flora). None. Humulus
5 KB (301 words) - 08:23, 30 July 2020
true indusium. Spores tetrahedral-globose, trilete, very finely granulate. x = 26. Almost worldwide Species 1 (1 species, 4 varieties in the flora). Page
5 KB (316 words) - 00:35, 30 July 2020
Capsules granulose, rugose, or verrucose [smooth]. Seeds reticulate [striate]. x = 5, 7, (13). sc, se United States, Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South
7 KB (405 words) - 11:19, 30 July 2020
contrasting margins. Follicles usually ± leathery. Seeds relatively large. x = 5. w United States, nw Mexico, Eurasia Species ca. 30 (2 in the flora). Peonies
4 KB (371 words) - 12:57, 30 July 2020
without resin sacs); pappi usually 0 (of 3–5 subulate scales in S. compacta). x = 9. w United States, nw Mexico Species 9 (8 in the flora). Holmgren, A. H
9 KB (565 words) - 20:44, 29 July 2020
per locule, reniform or reniform-pyriform (annual species only), glabrous. x = 14, 15. United States, n Mexico Species 9 (9 in the flora). Several species
10 KB (507 words) - 11:25, 30 July 2020
persistent, of 25–40 (cream to pinkish purple) barbellate bristles in 1 series. x = 10. North America Species 5 (5 in the flora). Detailed distribution maps
9 KB (571 words) - 22:44, 29 July 2020
indehiscent or dehiscent and 2-valved. Seeds few-many, elaiosome usually present. x = 8. Temperate North America and eastern Asia Species 20 (9 in the flora).
10 KB (655 words) - 08:28, 30 July 2020
2–3-valved, 2–3-locular. Seeds 1–2 per locule; hilum linear; embryotega lateral. x = 11–15. Almost worldwide, mainly tropical Species ca. 170 (9 in the flora)
9 KB (390 words) - 01:00, 30 July 2020
pollen-sacs 2–2.8 mm. Capsules ovoid to globular-ovoid, 8–12 x 7–9 mm, glabrous. Seeds reticulate, 1.8–2.5 x 1–2 mm. Phenology: Flowering Jun–Sep. Habitat: Dry to
7 KB (515 words) - 18:50, 29 July 2020
Plants 2–45 cm. Leaves: basal 1–20, blade elliptic to lanceolate, 10–110 x 3–26 mm, 1-pinnatifid or 2-pinnatifid, margins of adjacent lobes nonoverlapping
10 KB (849 words) - 19:30, 29 July 2020
cm. Leaves: basal 4–20, blade elliptic or lanceolate to oblanceolate, 10–70 x 3–15 mm, 1-pinnatifid, margins of adjacent lobes nonoverlapping or slightly
7 KB (550 words) - 19:29, 29 July 2020
511, 512, 530. Plants 10–50 cm. Leaves: basal 3–10, blade lanceolate, 30–100 x 5–30 mm, 1-pinnatifid or 2-pinnatifid, margins of adjacent lobes nonoverlapping
7 KB (596 words) - 19:28, 29 July 2020
small; upper florets smooth, shiny, with an apical tuft of prickly hairs, x = 9. Panicum sect. Agrostoidea includes about four species, one of which is
5 KB (884 words) - 04:08, 30 July 2020
rugose surfaces, lacking prominent equatorial-ridge. Gametophytes glabrous. x = 27. North America, Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America The
11 KB (568 words) - 00:35, 30 July 2020
about 1/3 or less as long as the caryopses; hila subbasal to basal, punctate, x = 12. The tribe Centotheceae has approximately 10 genera and 30 species, most
8 KB (695 words) - 03:55, 30 July 2020
rugose) mucilaginous or not when wetted; cotyledons accumbent, rarely incumbent. x = 7, 8. Nearly worldwide Species ca. 200 (39 in the flora). R. C. Rollins (1993)
23 KB (1,239 words) - 12:23, 30 July 2020
schizocarps. Seeds ellipsoid to subglobose; caruncle present, sometimes rudimentary. x = 10. North America, Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America, Asia
17 KB (923 words) - 18:23, 29 July 2020
100–150, obovoid, oblong, or ovoid, often winged, tailed; testa reticulate. x = 12. North America, West Indies (Cuba), n, c Europe, n Asia Dendrium Desvaux;
11 KB (885 words) - 13:17, 30 July 2020
subglobose or ± oblate. Seeds numerous, black, flat, D or wedge-shaped, lustrous. x = 6. se and sc United States, Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America
12 KB (861 words) - 05:58, 30 July 2020
20–100, tawny to purple or black, cochleate or cuneate; endosperm absent. x = 7–18+. North America, Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America
13 KB (667 words) - 21:04, 7 June 2022
moderately to densely hairy; pappi persistent, of 4–8 usually aristate, scales. x = 15. North America, Mexico Species 9 (9 in the flora). Here, strigoso-canescent
10 KB (710 words) - 22:39, 29 July 2020
falling, of 30–80+, white to stramineous, barbellulate to smooth bristles. x = 10. Nearly worldwide, mostly in warm-temperate, subtropical, and tropical
30 KB (1,295 words) - 21:10, 29 July 2020
minutely reticulate), not mucilaginous when wetted; cotyledons accumbent. x = 8. North America, Europe, Asia, n, alpine, c, e Africa Species ca. 70 (15
15 KB (974 words) - 12:07, 30 July 2020
lanceolate, 20–50 x 5–10 mm, marginal teeth 3–5, apex blunt, surfaces hispid. Racemes: 4–10 pairs of flowers; bracts foliaceous, 5–15 x 2–4 mm. Pedicels
7 KB (685 words) - 19:27, 29 July 2020
Cavalcanti (2001) proposed that x = 8 is the base chromosome number for Lythraceae, which is sister to Onagraceae. This suggests that x = 8 in Ludwigia is a plesiomorphy
30 KB (1,654 words) - 21:01, 7 June 2022
adherent; lenticels prominent; pith continuous through nodes; tendrils unbranched. x = 20. se United States, West Indies, Mexico Species 2 (1 in the flora). None
2 KB (249 words) - 18:29, 29 July 2020
reddish-brown, rarely greenish or green-tipped, with strawberry or pineapple scent. x = 11. Temperate North America Species 3 (2 in the flora). None. Calycanthus
3 KB (223 words) - 08:48, 30 July 2020
erose-margined, scales in 1–2 series (usually longer in discs than rays). x = 4. w North America, w South America Species 28 (10 in the flora). Amphiachyris
13 KB (837 words) - 21:29, 29 July 2020
papillate, marginal wing absent, appendage absent; embryo central, straight. x = 15. n North America, Eurasia (Balkans to c Asia), Africa, in North America
13 KB (1,001 words) - 10:22, 30 July 2020
loculicidal. Seeds 60–600, yellow, tan, brown, or black, angled, wings absent. x = 13. c, e North America, Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America
23 KB (952 words) - 19:30, 29 July 2020
usually black, occasionally gray, flattened, round, rarely obovate or ovate. x = 25, 30. e coastal plain, se, sc, w United States, n, c, w Mexico, n Central
17 KB (687 words) - 06:11, 30 July 2020
white to stramineous, lanceolate or lance-linear scales in C. stylosus). x = 9. w North America Species 9 (9 in the flora). Phylogenetic and systematic
12 KB (864 words) - 21:46, 29 July 2020
caducous [absent]. Spores yellow or brownish to black, with inflated folds. x = 41. Worldwide The mating systems of Polystichum seem to be highly outcrossing
13 KB (882 words) - 00:24, 30 July 2020
compressed or plump, smooth to tuberculate, marginal wing absent, appendage absent. x = 6, 7, 11. Chiefly cold-temperate Northern Hemisphere, also on some tropical
13 KB (654 words) - 10:21, 30 July 2020
(minutely reticulate), not mucilaginous when wetted; cotyledons incumbent. x = 7. North America, n Europe, Asia Species 17 (7 in the flora). Abbe, E. C
13 KB (760 words) - 12:30, 30 July 2020
pappi usually coroniform or of 2–6, unequal scales, 0.1–2.5 mm, sometimes 0. x = 18. North America Species 13 (13 in the flora). None. Rudbeckia alpicola
12 KB (678 words) - 23:55, 29 July 2020
bristles plus 20–40+ inner, longer, subulate to setiform scales or bristles. x = 17. Mainly c, e North America, n Mexico, 2–3 species in South America Species
13 KB (807 words) - 20:05, 29 July 2020
smooth, glabrous, longitudinally furrowed, falling from the floret when mature, x = 9. Wash., W.Va., D.C, Wis., Ariz., N.Mex., Oreg., Tex., Fla., Wyo., N.J.
16 KB (1,258 words) - 02:39, 30 July 2020
capsular, (2-valved, obclavate to ovoid or ellipsoid). Seeds: aril present. x = 19. North America, Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America, Europe
35 KB (4,327 words) - 12:03, 30 July 2020
sporophore branches. Gametophytes broadly ovate, unbranched, 1–3 × 1–10 mm. x =44, 45, 92. Nearly worldwide The greatest diversity in Botrychium is at high
19 KB (579 words) - 15:29, 15 December 2020
rounded or keeled, flattened to turgid, beaked; embryo coiled 1 or more times. x = 13 or 14. Nearly worldwide Potamogeton is one of the most important genera
23 KB (1,207 words) - 00:56, 30 July 2020
present; mesocotyl internode present; embryonic leaf margins overlapping, x = (11) 12. The subfamily Centothecoideae is one of the subfamilies that cannot
11 KB (728 words) - 03:55, 30 July 2020
apex not beaked. Seeds 100–2000+ per fruit, oblong, winged; aril absent. x = 9. North America, Mexico, Europe, Asia, nw Africa Species ca. 70 (9 in the
10 KB (406 words) - 18:17, 29 July 2020
broadly winged (± globose with wings reduced to basal ridges in V. fimbriatum). x = 8. Northern Hemisphere Species 25–30 (5 in the flora). The number of Veratrum
11 KB (649 words) - 05:55, 30 July 2020
subglobose, not winged; aril yellow, orange, or red, completely surrounding seed. x = 16. North America, Mexico, West Indies, Central America, Europe, e, se Asia
10 KB (511 words) - 18:30, 29 July 2020
angular-obovoid or narrowly conic, (sometimes tailed); testa cells elongate. x = 12. e United States, Mexico, West Indies, e Asia Arsenococcus Small; Desmothamnus
9 KB (502 words) - 13:19, 30 July 2020
subulate scales plus 0–4+ shorter, lacerate scales (sometimes all ± connate). x = 15. w North America, n Mexico Species 9 (6 in the flora). Weber, W. A. 1948
8 KB (578 words) - 23:09, 29 July 2020
Seeds 1–16, globose or reniform, not arillate, (cleft fused between ends). x = 20. United States, Mexico Species 10 (8 in the flora). The two extraterritorial
8 KB (453 words) - 12:06, 30 July 2020
terete; pappi of (8–) 10–20 scales in 2–4 equal or gradually unequal series. x = 6. w North America, nw Mexico Species 8 (8 in the flora). Species of sect
9 KB (593 words) - 22:32, 29 July 2020
receptacle and accessible by apical opening (ostiole) closed by small scales. x = 13. Tropics and subtropics, chiefly Asian Species ca. 750 (10 in the flora)
8 KB (474 words) - 08:43, 30 July 2020
or dark-brown, unwinged, 3-gonous, glabrous. Seeds: embryo usually curved. x = 8, 10, 11. w North America, Europe, Asia Species ca. 25 (3 in the flora)
9 KB (726 words) - 10:12, 30 July 2020
persistent, deeply 2-lobed. Fruits samaras, usually flattened, membranously winged. x = 14. Temperate regions, Northern Hemisphere, most in Eurasia Species 20-40
9 KB (681 words) - 08:23, 30 July 2020
triangular, or horseshoe-shaped, not arillate, (cleft fused between ends). x = 10. North America, Mexico Species 6 (6 in the flora). Whether included in
8 KB (622 words) - 12:06, 30 July 2020
or falling as unit, of basally connate, usually longer, plumose bristles. x = 13, 14, 16, 17, 18, 19?. North America, Eurasia, 1 in Australia Species 300–400
9 KB (521 words) - 20:00, 29 July 2020
muticous scales plus 0–5 [–30+] subulate-aristate to setiform scales or bristles. x = 11, 12, 17. w United States, Mexico, Central America, South America Species
8 KB (485 words) - 22:46, 29 July 2020
pappi (of disc-florets) 0 or of 3–12 linear, oblanceolate, or subulate scales. x = 13. w United States, nw Mexico Species 4 (3 in the flora). Following B. G
9 KB (671 words) - 23:40, 29 July 2020
sometimes persistent, of 2–4 hyaline scales, or coroniform (of connate scales). x = 18. United States, Mexico, West Indies (Greater Antilles), Central America
9 KB (638 words) - 23:35, 29 July 2020
the 2 principal angles, 1–5 mm) plus 0–8 usually shorter scales (0.2–2 mm). x = 17. North America, Mexico, in the Old World Species 52, including 1 hybrid
32 KB (1,118 words) - 23:14, 29 July 2020
orange to brown [white], crowned by persistent calyx; endocarp 1 [–5] -celled. x = 11. e, s United States, West Indies (Antilles), South America (Argentina)
6 KB (364 words) - 13:08, 30 July 2020
brown to blackish, ovoid to deltoid, wings present (absent in A. pedicularia). x = 14. c, e North America, n Mexico Species 8 (7 in the flora). Molecular phylogenetic
8 KB (372 words) - 19:32, 29 July 2020
compressed; hilum narrowly ovate to obovate; embryo vertical; endosperm present. x = [12, 13, 14,] 26. Fla., Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America
6 KB (389 words) - 13:04, 30 July 2020
5–3.5 mm (in P. vitreomontana all but 2–3 may reduced to vestigial nubs). x = 17. sw United States Species 6 (6 in the flora). Powell, A. M. 1969. Taxonomy
6 KB (533 words) - 23:47, 29 July 2020
laterally or with narrow sinus, or indusia absent. Spores brownish, rugose. x = 40. Worldwide In species outside the flora stems are sometimes long-creeping
6 KB (372 words) - 00:29, 30 July 2020
2–3-locular. Seeds [1-] 2 per locule; hilum punctiform; embryotega abaxial. x = 6–8. se United States, tropical America, major center of distribution in
8 KB (320 words) - 00:55, 30 July 2020
Achenes usually trigonous, smaller than bodies of perigynia; style deciduous. x = 29, 31. w and n North America, Europe (Norway), and Asia Species 3 (3 in
7 KB (428 words) - 01:24, 30 July 2020
reproduction","type variability","vesture coloration","vesture pubescence","x chromosome quantity"]},{"rank":"family","name":"Chenopodiaceae","properties":["illustrator"
3 KB (477 words) - 09:35, 30 July 2020
filaments 5 long and 5 short, alternating with one another, or equal length. x = (5–) 7 (–12). North America, Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South
23 KB (1,013 words) - 18:29, 29 July 2020
white-membranous hairs. Seeds 20–100, brown, ovoid, wings essentially absent. x = 8. w United States, nw Mexico Species 7 (7 in the flora). Keckiella is nearly
13 KB (1,011 words) - 19:04, 29 July 2020
dehiscent. Seeds obovoid or oblong-obovoid, not beaked, longitudinally furrowed. x = 12. North America, Mexico, Central America, South America, Europe, e Asia
12 KB (452 words) - 18:31, 29 July 2020
smooth, rugulose, or tuberculate, marginal wing absent, appendage absent. x = [7, 8?] 10, 11. North-temperate regions, w North America (including Mexico)
12 KB (698 words) - 10:04, 30 July 2020
persistent [falling], usually of 2, ± subulate scales or awns, sometimes 0. x = 17, 18? Mostly subtropical, tropical, and warm-temperate North America Species
12 KB (721 words) - 23:07, 29 July 2020
covered with pale white or gray, thin, dull, fleshy to chartaceous pellicle. x = 12. North America, Central America, South America Species 25–30 (16 in the
14 KB (868 words) - 09:46, 30 July 2020
smooth or papillate to reticulate; embryo coiled; perisperm absent or scant. x = 9. Worldwide Species ca. 110 (12 in the flora). Plants of Suaeda are found
12 KB (865 words) - 09:39, 30 July 2020
loculicidal. Seeds 2–20 per capsule, elongate, twisted and flattened at ends. x = 8, 11, 26. North America including Mexico, Central America, e Asia (Japan)
13 KB (735 words) - 06:04, 30 July 2020
below fruit apex. Seeds several–100, cuboid, usually 1–3 mm, wind dispersed. x = 11. Introduced; Australia, also nearly worldwide Species 700+ (15 in the
12 KB (633 words) - 21:04, 7 June 2022
glanddotted; pappi persistent, of 20–50 (whitish) barbellulate bristles in 1 series. x = 10. e North America, Europe, e Asia Species 41+ (24 species, including 2
17 KB (791 words) - 22:42, 29 July 2020
short-strigose, glandular-hairy; blade oblong-lanceolate or linear, (10–) 14–90 [–95] x 2–20 mm, margins green, apex acute. Spikelike racemes 1–14 cm; flowers 2–16
8 KB (557 words) - 19:26, 29 July 2020
4-5.5 mm; ovaries glabrous. Fruit an achene, pericarp free from the seed, x = 10. Ill., Ind., Wash., Alta., B.C., Man., Ont., Sask., Wis., Fla., Wyo.,
7 KB (719 words) - 04:37, 30 July 2020
lodicules 2, completely fused; anthers 3, opening by pores; ovaries glabrous, x = 8, 9, 10. B.C., Greenland, Nfld. and Labr. (Nfld.), Nunavut, Ont., Que.,
9 KB (824 words) - 02:45, 30 July 2020
page 512, 513, 526. Plants 4–30 cm. Leaves: basal 0–10, blade elliptic, 10–30 x 3–15 mm, 2-pinnatifid, margins of adjacent lobes nonoverlapping or slightly
6 KB (533 words) - 19:29, 29 July 2020
well developed, from slightly shorter than to equaling the sessile spikelets. x = 10. N.C., Va., Del., D.C, W.Va., Pacific Islands (Hawaii), Md., Fla., Puerto
12 KB (931 words) - 04:21, 30 July 2020
flattened; hila punctate, basal; embryos about Yi as long as the caryopses. x = 10. Ala., Ark., Ariz., Kans., Miss., N.Mex., Okla., Pacific Islands (Hawaii)
11 KB (927 words) - 04:24, 30 July 2020
"stigma relief","style architecture or shape","testa fusion","testa width","x chromosome quantity"]}];
4 KB (429 words) - 02:16, 30 July 2020
stamens 5; style conic, short. Berries dark blue or black. Seeds 2–4 per fruit. x = 10. North America, Asia Species 15 (4 in the flora). None. Parthenocissus
6 KB (281 words) - 18:29, 29 July 2020
dorsal protuberance. Samaras pale yellowbrown or grayish, dull, glabrous. x = 9. Almost throughout range of family Species 17 (3 in the flora). Hybrids
4 KB (286 words) - 08:43, 30 July 2020
Seeds ca. 100, ovoid to globose, not winged, not tailed; testa foveolate. x = 12. North America, e, sw Asia Orphanidesia Boissier & Balansa Species 3 (1
6 KB (404 words) - 13:17, 30 July 2020
teardrop-shaped, free from perianth at maturity, partly covered by hoodlike tepal. x = 12, 13. Mostly tropical and subtropical regions worldwide except Australia
7 KB (277 words) - 08:22, 30 July 2020
papillate or rugose, rarely smooth, marginal wing absent, appendage absent. x = 10, 11, 12, 13, 15. Worldwide, mainly north-temperate regions Species ca
21 KB (985 words) - 10:17, 30 July 2020
developing seeds, glabrous; funicular girdle smooth or with low marginal ridge. x = 11. sw and sc United States, Mexico, West Indies, to South America (Chile)
17 KB (804 words) - 09:14, 30 July 2020
Stigmas 3. Achenes trigonous, smaller than bodies of perigynia; style deciduous. x = 16 to 26+3. Temperate and cooler latitudes of North America and Eurasia,
9 KB (480 words) - 02:06, 30 July 2020
persistent, of 60–80, tawny or white, ± connate, smooth bristles in 1–2+ series. x = 9. North America, n Mexico Species 5 (5 in the flora). Lygodesmia is easily
9 KB (559 words) - 20:28, 29 July 2020
mottled, or gray-striate) weakly 4-angled, ± obpyramidal (glabrous); pappi 0. x = 8. sw United States, Mexico Species 5 (4 in the flora). Heliomeris has often
9 KB (624 words) - 23:20, 29 July 2020
lacking apophysis and umbo; bracts included. Seeds winged; cotyledons 5–15. x =12. North temperate regions, North America, Mexico, Eurasia Species ca. 35
9 KB (446 words) - 15:28, 15 December 2020
ovate to elliptical in broadest outline; embryo oriented longitudinally. x = 14. United States, Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America Species
11 KB (739 words) - 18:27, 29 July 2020
species, brown, 4-angled to somewhat trigonous, reticulate to almost smooth. x = 10. North America, nw Mexico, Eurasia, mostly north-temperate areas Species
9 KB (489 words) - 13:05, 30 July 2020
fusiform, sometimes ± compressed, 5–6-nerved, sparsely strigillose or glabrate. x = 5. North America, worldwide Species ca. 10 (3 in the flora). Sundberg, S
6 KB (625 words) - 21:00, 29 July 2020
membranous scale; stamens 2, 4-locular. Seeds 1–5, longitudinally ribbed. x = 10, 21, 22 Worldwide except arctic and antarctic regions In Lemna the connection
8 KB (361 words) - 00:53, 30 July 2020
fragile, or readily falling, of 100–120+, white, smooth or barbellate bristles. x = 28. e North America Species 8 (8 in the flora). The name Cacalia Linnaeus
10 KB (547 words) - 21:24, 29 July 2020
dehiscence loculicidal. Seeds 10–100, dark-brown, ovoid to ellipsoid, wings absent. x = 11. w North America, in Asia (China) Species 5 (5 in the flora). Taxa of
8 KB (463 words) - 18:58, 29 July 2020
absent. Fruits borne on straight peduncles. Seeds ovoid, to 6 mm; aril absent. x = 17. North temperate, North America, Europe, and Asia Species 10-12, most
9 KB (602 words) - 08:47, 30 July 2020
persistent, of 35–40, barbellulate to barbellate (subequal) bristles in 1–2 series. x = 10. se United States Species 7 (7 in the flora). Trilisa and Litrisa have
10 KB (586 words) - 22:55, 29 July 2020
usually 0, sometimes readily falling or persistent, of 2 bristlelike awns. x = 18. sw United States, Mexico, South America Species 13 or 14 (8 in the flora)
9 KB (624 words) - 23:10, 29 July 2020
(surrounded by persistent, fleshy calyx). Seeds 20–80+, ovoid; testa smooth. x = 11, 12, 13. North America, Mexico, West Indies (Hispaniola), West Indies
10 KB (594 words) - 13:21, 30 July 2020
planoconvex; embryos 1/5–1/2 as long as the caryopses; hila punctiform to ellipsoid, x = 9. N.C., Conn., N.J., N.Y., Wash., Va., Del., D.C, Wis., W.Va., Pacific Islands
23 KB (1,318 words) - 03:56, 30 July 2020
texture, and color, surface smooth or slightly rough to punctate-sculptured. x = 20. North America, Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America, nearly
15 KB (1,114 words) - 11:41, 30 July 2020
usually glabrous, strigose in some B. careyana and in B. rosea); pappi 0. x = 19. w North America Species 12 (12 in the flora). Balsamorhiza ×bonseri H
13 KB (768 words) - 23:05, 29 July 2020
reticulate), mucilaginous when wetted; cotyledons incumbent, rarely accumbent. x = (6) 7, 8 (9–17). North America, n Mexico, Central America, Europe, Asia,
17 KB (1,002 words) - 12:29, 30 July 2020
rosettes; blade 1-veined, linear to narrowly lanceolate, (5–) 10–25 (–42) x (0.5–) 1 (–2) mm, margins ciliate proximally, apex acuminate. Bracteoles leaflike
5 KB (449 words) - 19:02, 29 July 2020
smooth, marginal wing absent, appendage absent; embryo peripheral, curved. x = 7, 8, 9. Warm-temperate North America, South America, Eurasia, Africa Species
21 KB (1,113 words) - 10:32, 30 July 2020
Seeds brown, oblong, ellipsoid, or ovoid, smooth, tuberculate, or papillate. x = 6, 8, 11, 13, 14. North America, South America, Eurasia, n Africa, mostly
21 KB (1,151 words) - 12:59, 30 July 2020
tawny, fine, barbellate or subplumose to plumose bristles (0 in A. dealbata). x = 19. North America, Mexico, Europe, Asia (Japan), Asia (Russia) Species 29
16 KB (834 words) - 23:57, 29 July 2020
and E.J. Judziewicz. 1996. A new hybrid species, xCalammophila don-hensonii (Ammophila brcviligulata x Calamagrostis canadensis, Poaceae) from Grand Island
24 KB (1,813 words) - 02:43, 30 July 2020
bristles 0.5–4 (–6) mm, sometimes plus crowns of hyaline, laciniate scales. x = 17, 19. United States, Mexico, South America Species 30 (7 in the flora)
7 KB (505 words) - 23:48, 29 July 2020
to elliptic, subglobose, alveolate, completely covered by placental tissue. x = 18. Fla., Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America Species 13
6 KB (357 words) - 13:05, 30 July 2020
abaxially rounded, beaked or not, turgid; embryo with less than 1 full coil. x = 13. Nearly worldwide The stipules of Stuckenia are adnate to the blade for
8 KB (521 words) - 00:55, 30 July 2020
hispidulous; pappi persistent, of ca. 30 barbellate bristles in 1 series. x = 10. sw, e North America, Mexico Species 4 (3 in the flora). Patterson, T
7 KB (455 words) - 22:45, 29 July 2020
laterally compressed, ovoid or deltoid, loosely enclosed by inner tepals. x = 12, 13. Nearly worldwide Species 45 (4 in the flora). None. Urtica chamaedryoides
7 KB (273 words) - 08:29, 30 July 2020
papillate. Fruits cypselae, ±clavate, straight; sepals persistent. Seeds 1, ovoid. x = 23. w United States, n Mexico Species 5 (4 in the flora). Petalonyx belongs
8 KB (446 words) - 18:17, 29 July 2020
adjacent achenes; sides not veined; beak terminal, straight, 0.05-1.8 mm. x=8. Temperate regions worldwide Species 15 (5 in the flora). Mature fruits are
7 KB (346 words) - 08:38, 30 July 2020
rounded, smooth; endosperm present, fleshy; embryo straight; cotyledon flat. x = 7, 9, 10. c, se United States, Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South
7 KB (299 words) - 11:22, 30 July 2020
globose, sutures thin. Seeds strongly flattened, slightly winged; testa thin. x = 8. s, e North America, Mexico, Central America, South America, e Asia, Atlantic
6 KB (347 words) - 13:09, 30 July 2020
Seeds 1, white to black, globose, covered by membranous remnants of placenta. x = 6. Introduced; Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America, Asia
7 KB (384 words) - 13:08, 30 July 2020
to reddish-brown, hemispheric, angular, minutely alveolate or reticulate. x = 12, 13. North America, Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America
7 KB (365 words) - 13:05, 30 July 2020
septicidal. Seeds ca. 50–150, ovoid, not winged, not tailed; testa reticulate. x = 12. sw Oreg. Species 2 (2 in the flora). Kalmiopsis is the only vascular
7 KB (537 words) - 13:17, 30 July 2020
glabrous, dehiscence septicidal, then adaxially loculicidal. Seeds appendaged. x = 15. North America, Japan Species 4 (3 in the flora). Recognition here of
7 KB (361 words) - 05:42, 30 July 2020
sometimes persisting as apical or subapical mucro), loosely enclosed by tepals. x=7, 8, 10, 13. Primarily in temperate and subtropical regions Species 20-30
7 KB (312 words) - 08:27, 30 July 2020
brown, laterally compressed; hilum linear; embryo vertical; endosperm present. x = [12,] 13. Fla., Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America, Asia
7 KB (384 words) - 13:04, 30 July 2020
bristles (pappi 0 in K. cespitosa, 0 or 1 series of tiny scales in K. wrightii). x = (4) 5 (6, 9). North America, ne Mexico Species 7 (7 in the flora). Krigia
12 KB (834 words) - 20:27, 29 July 2020
"terminal cell size","whole_organism duration","whole_organism growth form","x chromosome quantity"]},{"rank":"family","name":"Poaceae","properties":["abaxial
1 KB (506 words) - 04:51, 30 July 2020
accrescent, hooked and elongating to 10 mm, or not hooked and elongating to 70 mm. x = 7. North America, Mexico, South America, Eurasia, Africa, Pacific Islands
22 KB (1,259 words) - 14:34, 30 July 2020
Chang) C. X. Ye ex S. X. Yang, P. longicarpa, and P. yunnanensis) are also more closely related to members of tribe Theeae (Prince and Parks; Yang S. X. et al
8 KB (619 words) - 13:08, 30 July 2020
hirtellous; pappi readily falling, of ± 60+, white, barbellulate bristles. x = 20, 22, 23. Subtropical, temperate, and arctic regions of North America,
40 KB (1,171 words) - 21:16, 29 July 2020
leathery or membranaceous, reduced or essentially absent in some species. x = 7. Forested temperate and boreal Northern Hemisphere, North America, Asia
14 KB (902 words) - 08:46, 30 July 2020
mucilaginous when wetted; cotyledons accumbent or incumbent, rarely contorted. x = 9. North America, Mexico, West Indies, Central America, Europe, Asia (Near
11 KB (752 words) - 12:20, 30 July 2020
persistent or caducous. Spores brownish, coarsely rugose or with folded wings. x = 41. Mostly in temperate Asia The relationships of the North American species
12 KB (674 words) - 15:31, 15 December 2020
rust, unequal, barbellate, apically attenuate or weakly clavate bristles. x = 9. e United States, se Mexico, Bahamas, Central America (Belize), Central
12 KB (845 words) - 21:52, 29 July 2020
3-lobed. Fruits capsules, erect, nearly sessile, ellipsoid to sausage-shaped. x = 21. Temperate regions, North America (including Mexico) Species 10 (10 in
11 KB (532 words) - 05:26, 30 July 2020
sparsely hairy); pappi persistent, ± coroniform (with 0–4 ± prominent teeth). x = 11. e, c North America Species 9 (9 in the flora). In keys and descriptions
10 KB (797 words) - 23:04, 29 July 2020
laterally, at least somewhat, tuberculate, marginal wing absent, appendage absent. x = (11), 12. sw United States, Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America
13 KB (701 words) - 10:17, 30 July 2020
brown, grayish brown, or black, reniform, wings present, partial, or absent. x = 3, 5. nearly worldwide, mainly montane where native in tropical regions Species
13 KB (810 words) - 19:03, 29 July 2020
531. Plants 4–12 cm. Leaves: basal 6–8, blade elliptic or spatulate, 35–120 x 10–30 mm, undivided or 1-pinnatifid or 2-pinnatifid, margins of adjacent lobes
7 KB (525 words) - 19:28, 29 July 2020
Plants 15–78 cm. Leaves: basal 5–25, blade elliptic, 60–150 (or 200–250) x 3–23 mm, 1-pinnatifid or 2-pinnatifid, margins of adjacent lobes nonoverlapping
7 KB (569 words) - 19:28, 29 July 2020
lower cauline leaves, enclosed by a tightly rolled, somewhat indurate sheath, x = 10. Conn., N.J., N.Y., Wash., Va., W.Va., Del., D.C, Wis., N.Dak., S.Dak
42 KB (1,621 words) - 04:38, 30 July 2020
reddish-brown, equal, barbellate, apically attenuate bristles in 1 series. x = 7, 6, 5, 4. sc, se United States, ne Mexico Species 3 (3 in the flora). Croptilon
9 KB (639 words) - 21:54, 29 July 2020
Caryopses 1.9-5 mm, laterally compressed, brown to reddish-black or black, x = 12. Del., Wis., W.Va., Fla., N.J., Tex., La., N.C., Tenn., S.C., Pa., N.Y
9 KB (735 words) - 03:55, 30 July 2020
"whole_organism pubescence","wing arrangement","wing presence","wing shape","x chromosome quantity"]},{"rank":"family","name":"Chenopodiaceae","properties":["bark
2 KB (420 words) - 09:30, 30 July 2020
Achenes trigonous, biconvex or planoconvex, 0.6–1.8 mm, minutely papillose. x = 14. North America, Mexico, Eurasia, Australia, Pacific Islands Species ca
17 KB (757 words) - 01:31, 30 July 2020
barbellate, apically attenuate bristles in 1 series (spreading at maturity). x = 9. w North America, nw Mexico Species 4 (3 in the flora). Morse, C. A. 1994
9 KB (550 words) - 21:44, 29 July 2020
glabrous, minutely papillate, dull or ± shiny; corolla scars apical; pappi 0. x = 7. c United States, n Mexico Species 3 (3 in the flora). See discussion of
10 KB (742 words) - 20:40, 29 July 2020
capitate. Capsules obovoid, splitting between placentae. Seeds 20–70, minute. x = 10. Nearly worldwide Species ca. 170 (8 in the flora). Species of Drosera
9 KB (637 words) - 11:41, 30 July 2020
bristles or setiform, minutely barbed scales (“minutely flattened bristles”). x = 8, 9, 10, 11, 13. Introduced; Eurasia, Africa Species ca. 90 (5 in the flora)
10 KB (613 words) - 20:17, 29 July 2020
of 5 (–6) scarious to membranous (hyaline, sometimes scaberulous) scales. x = 9. s, c, se United States Species 7 (7 in the flora). Channell, R. B. 1957
8 KB (545 words) - 22:41, 29 July 2020
dilated, barbellate, apically attenuate bristles in 1 series, sometimes 0. x = 9. Calif., nw Mexico Species 6 (6 in the flora). Five of the Pentachaeta
10 KB (665 words) - 22:02, 29 July 2020
fleshy, dehiscence irregular. Seeds ovoid, not winged, with fleshy appendage. x = 13. North America, Eurasia Species ca. 10 (6 in the flora). The species seem
9 KB (452 words) - 08:38, 30 July 2020
reticulate to nearly smooth), not mucilaginous when wetted; cotyledons accumbent. x = 7. North America, Mexico, South America (Patagonia), Europe, Asia, n Africa
9 KB (742 words) - 12:35, 30 July 2020
to stipe. Seeds 1–2 (–3), slender-ovoid; coat thin, appressed to endocarp. x = 15. Mostly N tempnorth temperate, some circumboreal, North America, a few
9 KB (851 words) - 00:57, 30 July 2020
calyx, brownish green, usually capped by marcescent corolla and style bases. x = 8, 9. Worldwide, especially from Mediterranean region east to c Asia Species
11 KB (727 words) - 10:13, 30 July 2020
glabrate or puberulent marginally with simple, white to tawny hairs 1–2 mm. x = 33. North America Iliamna comprises one widespread species of the mountainous
9 KB (548 words) - 11:28, 30 July 2020
Berries yellow, orange, red, purple, brown, or black, fleshy or fibrous. x = 15. se United States, Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America
9 KB (562 words) - 13:05, 30 July 2020
fleshy; stones thick walled, ripening in autumn, persisting after leaves fall. x = 10. Tropical and temperate regions, worldwide Species ca. 60 (6 in the flora)
9 KB (475 words) - 08:41, 30 July 2020
Seeds 1 per mericarp, sometimes enclosed in persistent reticulate endocarp. x = 15. North America, Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America, Australia
8 KB (440 words) - 11:24, 30 July 2020
(appearing smooth in M. parvifolia); elaiosome absent or, less than 1 mm. x = 7, 8, 10, 11. Worldwide Species 12 (8 in the flora). The classification of
11 KB (582 words) - 09:46, 30 July 2020
(brown in B. richardsonii), ellipsoid, tuberculate (smooth in B. richardsonii). x = 7. North America, nw Mexico, e Asia (Japan) Neoboykinia H. Hara; Therofon
9 KB (505 words) - 12:58, 30 July 2020
Seeds flattened, mainly vertical; radicle inferior, lateral, or superior. x = 9. Worldwide, mainly in subarctic, temperate, and subtropical regions Species
45 KB (1,022 words) - 09:34, 30 July 2020
narrowly elliptic, 20–50 x 2–4 mm, surfaces scabrous-hispid. Inflorescences racemes, lax; flowers alternate; bracts linear, 20–35 x 1–2 mm, longer than calyx
8 KB (643 words) - 19:27, 29 July 2020
scalelike, 3–7 x 2 mm, surfaces puberulent. Inflorescences spikes, lax, sometimes congested; flowers opposite, rarely alternate; bracts lanceolate, 5–7 x 1–2 mm
8 KB (631 words) - 19:27, 29 July 2020
"whole_organism growth form","whole_organism reproduction","whole_organism variability","x chromosome quantity"]},{"rank":"tribe","name":"Poaceae tribe Cynodonteae",
2 KB (706 words) - 04:47, 30 July 2020
genera, 5 species in the flora). The base chromosome number for Sorbarieae is x = 9. Spiraeanthus Maximowicz, with one species native to central Asia, also
5 KB (307 words) - 14:23, 30 July 2020
short pilose, (0) 1 (3) -veined; anthers 2. Caryopses oblong; hila punctate, x = 11. The tribe Gynerieae includes only one genus, the neotropical genus Gynerium
6 KB (645 words) - 03:56, 30 July 2020
times shorter than ovary. Fruits erect to spreading. Seeds ovoid, reticulate. x = ca. 34. Tex., Mexico, Central America, South America (Argentina) Species
7 KB (489 words) - 13:04, 30 July 2020
seed coat anticlinal wall shape can be observed at 10/x magnification; greater magnification (30–40/x) is needed to see seed coat cell papillae in species
20 KB (775 words) - 18:32, 29 July 2020
in 2 (–3) series (outer usually 1 mm or less, sometimes 0, inner 5–10 mm). x = 9. North America Species 10 (10 in the flora). Eucephalus, a relatively well-marked
12 KB (637 words) - 21:48, 29 July 2020
glandular-farinose (gametophytes of all other Pteridaceae genera lack farina). x = 30. North America, Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America As
13 KB (724 words) - 00:34, 30 July 2020
bearing glandular-hairs on bulbous head. Spores monolete, rugose to tuberculate. x = 37. Worldwide Some species traditionally included in Polypodium are treated
13 KB (793 words) - 00:23, 30 July 2020
6 segments. Seeds 4 or 6, oblong to clavate, triangular in cross-section. x = 18. w United States, nw Mexico Species 13 (13 in the flora). Hesperolinon
15 KB (1,021 words) - 18:23, 29 July 2020
Seeds (pyrenes) 10, ellipsoid; testa stony, papillose (smooth in G. ursina). x = 12. e North America, South America (c), South America (n Andes), South America
10 KB (580 words) - 12:53, 30 July 2020
or tan, rarely reddish-brown, ± equal, barbellulate bristles in 1 series. x = 8. North America, n Asia, sc Africa (1 species) Species ca. 26–30 (14 in
14 KB (741 words) - 20:12, 29 July 2020
dorsally compressed, curved in cross-section, falling with the lemma and palea. x = 7. Conn., N.J., N.Y., Fla., S.Dak., Wyo., Wash., Ariz., Colo., Ga., Iowa
10 KB (965 words) - 03:13, 30 July 2020
reniform, trigonous, tetrahedral, or disciform, wings present or absent. x = 6. Introduced; Europe (especially Mediterranean region), w Asia, n Africa
12 KB (693 words) - 18:50, 29 July 2020
(2–) 3 (–4) -gonous, glabrous. Seeds: embryo straight or slightly curved. x = 11. e, sc United States Species 11 (11 in flora). Polygonella is distinct
13 KB (825 words) - 10:07, 30 July 2020
subequal, indurate, ovate, obscurely veined, acuminate. Caryopses obtrulloid. x = 17. Ariz., D.C, Fla., Miss., Ohio, Pa., Puerto Rico, Tex., Wash., Va., W
11 KB (962 words) - 04:13, 30 July 2020
veined or ribbed; beak present or absent, terminal, straight to coiled, 0-4 mm. x = 7. Nearly worldwide, mostly temperate Species 120-200 (22 in the flora).
17 KB (836 words) - 08:34, 30 July 2020
flattened-ellipsoidal to fusiform, often tailed, ± winged; testa smooth. x = 13. North America, Europe, Asia, Australia Anthodendron Reichenbach; Azaleastrum
21 KB (889 words) - 13:16, 30 July 2020
rose violet, purple, blue, black, orange, or yellow. Seeds 1–4 per fruit. x = 10. North America, Mexico, Asia, temperate to tropical regions Species ca
5 KB (246 words) - 18:24, 29 July 2020
longitudinally dehiscent; filaments adnate to corolla-tube; staminodes present. x = 6. se United States, e Asia Species 6 (1 in the flora). The Asian species
5 KB (312 words) - 13:08, 30 July 2020
membranous, dehiscing irregularly. Seeds 1, dark red or reddish-brown, lenticular. x = 15. Mostly littoral in tropical and subtropical America (including Galápagos
7 KB (299 words) - 09:42, 30 July 2020
coronalike tube adnate to corolla base, free distally; staminodes present. x = 6. e United States Species 1: e United States. Prior to 1972, the single
5 KB (334 words) - 13:08, 30 July 2020
central lobe narrow, longer than lateral lobes. Seeds winged; cotyledons 6–12. x =12, 13. North America, 3 in e Asia Species 5 (2 in the flora). Flous, F. 1937
6 KB (331 words) - 00:31, 30 July 2020
dehiscence, purplish red or brown, curved, furrowed. Seeds 1, brown; aril absent. x = 6. North America, Asia (Japan) Species 3 (2 in the flora). Achlys is of particular
7 KB (362 words) - 08:27, 30 July 2020
dehiscence centrally circumscissile. Seeds (2–) 3–many, black, flattened. x = 9. Primarily tropical, subtropical Americas, Asia, and Africa Species ca
6 KB (285 words) - 09:40, 30 July 2020
length of costa. Spores with perine smooth to variously winged or rugose. x = 28, 29, 31, 32, 34, 36. Mostly tropical, especially Southern Hemisphere Species
5 KB (249 words) - 00:35, 30 July 2020
Spores tetrahedral-globose, trilete (rarely monolete), tuberculate or ridged. x = 34, 46, 47. Worldwide, mostly tropical Species ca. 70 (3 in the flora). Tryon
5 KB (273 words) - 00:34, 30 July 2020
veinlets, discrete, round; indument absent. Spores verrucose to nearly psilate. x = 37. Tropical, North America, Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South
6 KB (326 words) - 00:32, 30 July 2020
yellow, or pink, glabrous; anthers yellow or pink. Seeds minutely tuberculate. x = 8 or 9. North America, Europe (Russia), Asia Species 2 (1 in the flora).
4 KB (291 words) - 13:04, 30 July 2020
dry. Seeds (pyrenes) 2, planoconvex, not winged, not tailed; testa ± smooth. x = 13. se United States Species 1: se United States. Ceratiola was treated formerly
6 KB (466 words) - 13:18, 30 July 2020
or absent, sometimes a persistent perisperm present; cotyledons incumbent. x = 11. sw North America, n Mexico, South America (Bolivia) Genus 1, species
8 KB (242 words) - 12:05, 30 July 2020
persistent. Seeds many, obconic, angular; seed-coat brown, coarsely rugulose. x = 32. North America, South America Species 12 (1 in the flora). None. Olsynium
5 KB (366 words) - 06:04, 30 July 2020
seed-coat (smooth), mucilaginous or not when wetted; cotyledons accumbent. x = 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 15. North America, n Mexico, s South America (Argentina)
40 KB (1,647 words) - 11:54, 30 July 2020
equaling ovary. Fruits erect. Seeds ellipsoid, few-ribbed, finely cross-ribbed. x = 9. Introduced; Calif., Asia (sw Arabia), s, e Africa Species 11 (1 in the
6 KB (386 words) - 12:59, 30 July 2020
Myers Copyright: Flora of North America Association Fronds ovoid, 0.4–0.8 mm (x 0.3–0.5 mm), 1.3–2 times as long as wide, 1–1.5 times as deep as wide, rounded
3 KB (307 words) - 01:02, 30 July 2020
Copyright: Flora of North America Association Fronds nearly globular, 0.5–1.4 mm (x 0.4–1.2 mm), 1–1.3 times as long as wide, 1–1.3 times as deep as wide, rounded
4 KB (427 words) - 00:54, 30 July 2020
Castilleja has a base chromosome number of x = 12; Orthocarpus is x = 14. Presumed aneuploid reductions to x = 10 are known from three annual Castilleja
79 KB (2,746 words) - 18:50, 29 July 2020
"whole_organism pubescence","wing arrangement","wing presence","wing shape","x chromosome quantity"]},{"rank":"family","name":"Chenopodiaceae","properties":["bark
3 KB (512 words) - 09:30, 30 July 2020
archesporium (H. Tobe and P. H. Raven 1996), and a base chromosome number of x = 8. None. Ludwigia window.propertiesFromHigherTaxa=[{"rank":"family","name":"Onagraceae"
3 KB (434 words) - 21:01, 7 June 2022
reflexed; carpels cartilaginous; styles sometimes persistent. Seeds absent or few. x = 17. North America, nw Mexico, Europe, e, w Asia, n Africa Species ca. 20
22 KB (1,558 words) - 13:48, 30 July 2020
rugose or cristate, lacking prominent equatorial-ridge. Gametophytes glabrous. x = 30 (29 in Cheilanthes alabamensis complex). Mostly Western Hemisphere but
22 KB (1,068 words) - 00:28, 30 July 2020
(–5) mm. Flowers: calyx 3–5 x 2–3 mm, lobes equal to tube, often reflexed, adaxial slightly longer than abaxial; corolla 10–14 x 3–4 mm, abaxial lip with
7 KB (598 words) - 19:27, 29 July 2020
middle of fruit. Seeds 25–50 per locule, orangish brown or tan, ellipsoid. x = 16. United States, n Mexico Species 2 (2 in the flora). This treatment of
9 KB (414 words) - 18:22, 29 July 2020
Capsules borne on erect pedicels, globose to ovoid, dehiscent basipetally. x = 16. North America, n Europe, n Asia Species 2 (2 in the flora). None. Harrimanella
5 KB (429 words) - 13:19, 30 July 2020
smooth or finely honeycombed); pappi persistent, coroniform, ± lacerate. x = 19. w United States Species 1. None. Scabrethia scabra "broader" is not a
6 KB (505 words) - 23:06, 29 July 2020
photosynthetic, on substrate surface, pincushion-shaped; ring meristem absent. x = 78. North temperate region and tropical America This concept of Lycopodiella
7 KB (447 words) - 00:34, 30 July 2020
Seeds dark-brown, prismatic (or angular) and fusiform, minutely tuberculate. x = 7. w United States Species 2 (2 in the flora). Both the monograph by R. J
7 KB (464 words) - 12:58, 30 July 2020
surrounded by utricular scale; stamen 1, 2-locular. Seeds 1, nearly smooth. x = 10, 20, 21, 22, 23. Nearly worldwide (except arctic and antarctic regions)
5 KB (302 words) - 00:51, 30 July 2020
often with tepals persisting at base. Seeds 1–6, black, globose to angular. x = 10. Introduced; Europe, Asia, Africa, some widely, expected elsewhere Species
8 KB (488 words) - 05:46, 30 July 2020
off, stalks and rachis only slightly flattened, not fleshy, 0.5–0.8 mm wide. x =45. Worldwide Species 13 (6 in the flora). None. Botrychium biternatum, Botrychium
5 KB (457 words) - 00:26, 30 July 2020
lateral wings absent, abaxially 2–3-ribbed, abaxial keel absent, glands absent. x = 7. Widely distributed, nearly worldwide Much controversy surrounds the treatment
8 KB (422 words) - 00:53, 30 July 2020
than ovary. Fruits erect. Seeds ellipsoidal, ribbed, finely cross-ribbed. x = 18. Introduced; Calif., Asia (Yemen), Africa, Atlantic Islands (especially
7 KB (430 words) - 13:01, 30 July 2020
loculidical. Seeds numerous, subglobose, often with elaiosomes; testa black. x = 7, 11. Introduced; Europe, n Africa, Asia, and naturalized elsewhere Species
7 KB (412 words) - 05:58, 30 July 2020
strigoso-hispidulous; pappi persistent, of 5–6 aristate scales, or coroniform, or 0. x = 10. United States, Mexico, Central America, 2 species widespread as adventives
7 KB (446 words) - 22:45, 29 July 2020
Seeds 4-7, black to reddish-brown; aril whitish, covering ca. 1/2-2/3 of seed. x = 6. w United States Species 3 (3 in the flora). The fruits of Vancouveria
8 KB (409 words) - 08:34, 30 July 2020
dehiscence loculicidal. Seeds flat, triangular, 0.3–0.6 cm on radial margins. x = 30. se and sc United States, nw Mexico to Honduras and El Salvador Species
8 KB (422 words) - 06:14, 30 July 2020
Seeds 5–45, dark-brown to reddish-brown, angled, papillate to alveolate. x = 10, 11. North America, Mexico, West Indies (Jamaica), Central America, South
7 KB (415 words) - 13:07, 30 July 2020
silver, pale green, red, reddish-brown, or pink, fleshy or dry. Seeds striate. x = 6, 14. North America, Eurasia, Australia Species ca. 45 (5 in the flora)
8 KB (421 words) - 21:01, 7 June 2022
seed-coat dull brown, slightly ribbed; embryo annular; perisperm copious. x = 9. North America, Eurasia, Africa, some species nearly worldwide (as ) Species
7 KB (467 words) - 09:32, 30 July 2020
turbinate. Seeds many, ± prismatic, or compressed, winged; seed-coat brown. x = 7. North America (incl. Mexico), Central America Species 5 (4 in the flora)
7 KB (379 words) - 06:09, 30 July 2020
somewhat fused, lacking prominent equatorial flange. Gametophytes glabrous. x = 30. North America, nw Mexico Until recently, Pentagramma was included in
8 KB (469 words) - 00:33, 30 July 2020
compressed; hilum circular [elliptic]; embryo vertical; endosperm present. x = 12. Introduced; Fla., Asia, Africa, Indian Ocean Islands, Pacific Islands
7 KB (403 words) - 13:04, 30 July 2020
transversely dehiscent; filaments adnate to corolla-tube; staminodes absent. x = 6. se United States Species 2 (2 in the flora). None. Pyxidanthera barbulata
6 KB (317 words) - 13:08, 30 July 2020
ellipsoid to obovoid, not winged, not tailed; testa reticulate or foveolate. x = 12. Introduced; Europe, Asia, Africa Species ca. 860 (4 in the flora). All
8 KB (497 words) - 13:18, 30 July 2020
yellow to olive green or dark-brown, ovoid to oblong, flattened, wings absent. x = 8, 9, 10. w United States, nw Mexico Species 49 (48 in the flora). Diplacus
28 KB (1,133 words) - 19:01, 29 July 2020
ellipsoid, or ovoid, longitudinally ribbed (ribs ribbonlike or pectinate). x = 8. North America, Mexico, South America, Eurasia, mostly north-temperate
27 KB (988 words) - 13:15, 30 July 2020
(proximally) ± plumose bristles in 1 series (falling all together or in groups). x = 7, 9. w United States, nw Mexico, in South America Species 20 (18 in the
16 KB (748 words) - 20:19, 29 July 2020
in fruit), minutely barbellate, apically attenuate bristles in 1–3 series. x = 9. Mostly New World tropics and warm-temperate regions, especially diverse
19 KB (1,032 words) - 15:27, 15 December 2020
but similar in texture; lodicules 0 or 2, glabrous; anthers 3, if present, x = 5,7, 8,9 (usually 9). Wash., W.Va., Calif., Fla., Pacific Islands (Hawaii)
18 KB (1,301 words) - 04:12, 30 July 2020
compressed; embryos 1/2 - 3/4 as long as the caryopses; hila punctate to linear, x = 7, 8, 9, or 10. Pacific Islands (Hawaii), Fla., Md., S.C., Puerto Rico, N
18 KB (1,245 words) - 04:10, 30 July 2020
ovoid or spheroid; embryos usually 0.7-0.9 times as long as the caryopses. x = 9. Conn., N.J., N.Y., Wash., Va., W.Va., Del., D.C, Wis., Fla., Pacific Islands
20 KB (1,801 words) - 03:59, 30 July 2020
Europe extensive complexes based on x = 6; the circumpolar and subarctic taxa form different complexes based on x = 7. It appears that all North American
10 KB (803 words) - 12:28, 30 July 2020
allopolyploid origin and that the generic base number should be viewed as x = 7 and not x = 14. Based on these karyological data, an early eastern Asian and North
9 KB (627 words) - 05:39, 30 July 2020
series, in 2, abruptly unequal series, or in 2–3, gradually unequal series. x = 6. sw United States, nw Mexico Species 7 (7 in the flora). Taxa of sect.
10 KB (816 words) - 22:32, 29 July 2020
Seeds oblong or ellipsoid to reniform, ridged, sometimes also papillate. x = 8 (secondarily 7). North America, Mexico, West Indies, Bermuda, Central America
11 KB (847 words) - 12:59, 30 July 2020
70–150 bristles or of 20–30, white to stramineous, subulate to setiform scales. x = 30. w North America, nw Mexico Species 10 (10 in the flora). Strother, J
10 KB (537 words) - 21:25, 29 July 2020
Seeds (50–200), usually dark-brown, ovoid, smooth, wrinkled, or tuberculate. x = 7. w North America Tellima R. Brown [unranked] Lithophragma Nuttall, J. Acad
11 KB (517 words) - 12:55, 30 July 2020
ellipsoid to globose; caruncle present (sometimes rudimentary) or absent. x = 11. s United States, Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America
14 KB (637 words) - 18:28, 29 July 2020
Caryopses shorter than the lemmas, concealed at maturity, glabrous; hila short, x = 7. Ariz., Calif., Conn., D.C, Del., Iowa, Ill., Ind., Kans., Ky., Mass.,
13 KB (1,084 words) - 02:42, 30 July 2020
exposed by splitting valves at dehiscence. Seeds ca. 1000, fusiform, winged. x = 23. North America, Mexico, Central America (Guatemala), Europe, Asia (including
12 KB (691 words) - 13:10, 30 July 2020
prickle; bracts included. Seeds winged or wingless; cotyledons (3–) 6–10 (–18). x =12. Widespread in north temperate and north tropical (mountainous) regions
29 KB (1,428 words) - 00:26, 30 July 2020
whitish-gray, subglobose to ovoid, fleshy, becoming brittle. Seeds (1–) 2 per fruit. x = 11. w, sc United States, Mexico, West Indies (Cuba), West Indies (Hispaniola)
11 KB (672 words) - 18:18, 29 July 2020
firm, dehiscence loculicidal. Seeds black, sharply angled, coat with crust. x = 9 (8 in D. ida-maia). w North America including n Mexico (Baja California)
9 KB (482 words) - 06:02, 30 July 2020
with warty protuberances, usually covered with waxy coating that dries white. x = 8. Nearly worldwide Species ca. 50 (7 in the flora). Myrica is often cultivated
9 KB (420 words) - 08:24, 30 July 2020
or depressed at hilar end; outer seed-coat dry; caruncle absent or present. x = 11. s United States, Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America
11 KB (559 words) - 18:22, 29 July 2020
nor angled, grooved, ridged, rugulose, or smooth; shells thick. Seeds sweet. x = 16. North America, Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America, Eurasia
10 KB (556 words) - 08:22, 30 July 2020
hardened perigynium (the ultimate “fruits” ± compressed, ± D-shaped); pappi 0. x = 12. United States, Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America, in
9 KB (570 words) - 23:36, 29 July 2020
diameters greater than lengths, faces glabrous; pappi 0. Disc cypselae 0; pappi 0. x = 14. w North America Species 1. Hemizonia as often circumscribed (to include
8 KB (747 words) - 23:42, 29 July 2020
pink, or orange oily aril, extruded from follicles and suspended by funiculi. x=19. Temperate and tropical regions, Western Hemisphere, Asia (Himalayas), Asia
9 KB (426 words) - 08:23, 30 July 2020
tan or dark redbrown, linear-fusiform, (narrowly wing-margined), smooth. x = 7. United States Species 3 (3 in the flora). Perhaps the most noteworthy
8 KB (507 words) - 12:58, 30 July 2020
bristles 3.5–6 mm, in 2–4 markedly unequal series, ray sometimes shorter. x = (2, 3,) 4. w North America, Mexico Species 6 (3 in the flora). None. Xanthisma
7 KB (631 words) - 22:22, 29 July 2020
tan to light-brown, darker towards center, globular to ovoid, wings present. x = 14. c, e North America Species 4 (4 in the flora). Chelone is a member of
11 KB (814 words) - 19:03, 29 July 2020
or sparsely hairy; pappi of 1–2 toothlike projections, or coroniform, or 0. x = 16. North America, Mexico Species 7 (4 in flora). Jackson, S. W. 1963. Hybridization
8 KB (575 words) - 22:54, 29 July 2020
sometimes scabrellous or hispidulous distally, usually ± glanddotted; pappi 0. x = 18. Mostly temperate North America, some subtropical, some in Old World Species
9 KB (666 words) - 23:19, 29 July 2020
Gametophytes brown to white, narrowly linear, unbranched, 2-20 × 1-3mm diam. x =30. Nearly worldwide, mainly tropical and subtropical Ophioglossum occurs
9 KB (450 words) - 00:29, 30 July 2020
tetrahedral, rugate and/or tuberculate, usually with prominent equatorial flange. x = 29. Worldwide, warm and tropical regions Species ca. 300 (5 species and 1
8 KB (450 words) - 00:35, 30 July 2020
Seeds 1–12, globose, 3–6 mm diam.; testa pale-brown, thin; endosperm scaly. x = 18. North America, Central America, n Europe, e Asia to the Himalayas Species
9 KB (616 words) - 05:45, 30 July 2020
endosperm absent; cotyledons leafy, folded and rolled around hypocotylar axis. x = 10. United States, Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America (to
11 KB (636 words) - 11:22, 30 July 2020
exposed by splitting valves at dehiscence. Seeds ca. 1000, fusiform, winged. x = 13. North America, Mexico, West Indies (Hispaniola), Central America, Eurasia
10 KB (509 words) - 13:10, 30 July 2020
distinct in ± 1 series, inner basally coherent or connate, in 2–3+ series. x = 9. Introduced; Europe (Mediterranean), w Asia, n Africa, Atlantic Islands
9 KB (535 words) - 20:13, 29 July 2020
faces glabrous, smooth, shiny; corolla scars usually ± subapical; pappi 0. x = 14. Amphitropical, w North America, nw Mexico, s South America Species 5
10 KB (639 words) - 20:39, 29 July 2020
architecture","upper lower lemma architecture","vascular-bundle arrangement","x chromosome quantity"]},{"rank":"genus","name":"Panicum","properties":["author"
4 KB (1,009 words) - 04:05, 30 July 2020