5, 222, 364. Annuals, perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs, (1–) 5–50 (–120+) [200+] cm. Leaves mostly cauline, sometimes basal or basal and cauline; mostly
11 KB (674 words) - 23:30, 29 July 2020
591, 594, 611, 618, 644. Shrubs or trees, usually main trunk dominant, 3–120 dm. Stems usually 1 in larger plants, more in smaller plants, outer spreading;
26 KB (2,400 words) - 15:31, 15 December 2020
circular, elliptic, ovate, lanceolate, or obovate to oblanceolate, 2–60 (–120) × 1.2–40 cm, nearly smooth to tuberculate, glabrous or pubescent; areoles usually
34 KB (1,067 words) - 09:16, 30 July 2020
exalbuminous; embryos straight. Nearly worldwide, mostly tropical Genera ca. 120, species ca. 825 (23 genera, 56 species in the flora). Sechium edule (Jacquin)
19 KB (877 words) - 11:15, 30 July 2020
FNA Volume 25. Treatment on page 14. Plants annual or perennial. Culms 1-500 cm, not woody, usually not branched above the base. Sheaths usually open, often
34 KB (1,217 words) - 04:33, 30 July 2020
Annuals, perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs [perennials], mostly 10–80 (–200) cm. Stems erect, branched distally or ± throughout. Leaves cauline; mostly opposite
11 KB (696 words) - 15:28, 15 December 2020
Treatment on page 309. Mentioned on page 395. Biennials or perennials, to 120 cm. Stems erect, often scapiform (1 stem per crown in biennials, usually 3+
9 KB (558 words) - 23:45, 29 July 2020
on page 460, 507. Annuals, perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs, (12–) 30–120 (–200) cm. Stems mostly erect, often much branched (sometimes virgate, often striate)
17 KB (617 words) - 22:47, 29 July 2020
branching mixed intra and extravaginal to completely intravaginal. Culms 10-120 cm, capillary to stout, terete or weakly compressed; nodes terete. Sheaths
9 KB (1,082 words) - 03:24, 30 July 2020
phyllary) > 13 9 Annuals, 1–20 cm; disc florets 1(–2) Hemizonella 9 Annuals or perennials, 2–150 cm; disc florets 3–120+ > 10 10 Perennials (rhizomatous);
275 KB (5,940 words) - 15:30, 15 December 2020
inflorescences; stems 2–120(–190) cm, usually more than 30 cm. > 40 40 Seed surfaces ridged; stems (3–)10–120(–190) cm; leaf blades (1–)3–12(–16) cm; petals 2–14
32 KB (1,609 words) - 21:02, 7 June 2022
shoots not keeled and tubular, of extravaginal shoots scalelike. Culms 1-150 cm, hollow, usually unbranched above the base. Sheaths from almost completely
87 KB (2,178 words) - 03:17, 30 July 2020
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 9. Treatment on page 246. Mentioned on page 120, 121, 122, 133, 219, 220, 243, 247, 248, 252, 256, 259, 264, 271, 281. Herbs
16 KB (987 words) - 14:06, 30 July 2020
subshrubs 100–200 cm that are initially arachnose to tomentose, soon glabrescent, and have oblanceolate to linear or filiform leaves (2–7 cm), notably small
30 KB (1,295 words) - 21:10, 29 July 2020
page 366. Mentioned on page 3, 5, 255, 257, 364, 365, 375. Perennials, 5–100 cm (rhizomes relatively long and thin; caudices woody, relatively short and thick)
16 KB (834 words) - 23:57, 29 July 2020
257, 300, 301, 306. Annuals, perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs, (0.5–) 1–250 cm. Leaves mostly basal, or basal and cauline, or mostly cauline; opposite and/or
15 KB (799 words) - 23:36, 29 July 2020
glabrous, rarely pubescent; replum rounded; septum complete; ovules (10–) 12–120 per ovary; style distinct or obsolete; stigma entire or 2-lobed. Seeds uniseriate
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appears in FNA Volume 9. Treatment on page 121. Mentioned on page 19, 20, 120, 122, 123, 127, 131, 132, 133, 137, 138, 148, 150, 159, 165, 178, 186, 195
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America Association Plants to 18 cm (excluding inflorescence). Leaves: blade 8–15 × 1–2.5 cm. Inflorescences 1–2, to 12 cm; bracts 3–10 mm. Flowers cream
5 KB (469 words) - 05:32, 30 July 2020
7, 33, 38, 41. Annuals, perennials, or subshrubs [treelets], 10–120 (–300+) [–1200+] cm. Leaves cauline; opposite; petiolate or sessile; blades mostly deltate
8 KB (555 words) - 23:33, 29 July 2020
page 214, 216, 217, 219, 223, 228. Annuals, biennials, or perennials, 3–120 cm; usually taprooted, sometimes rhizomatous (roots deep or shallow, woody
18 KB (964 words) - 20:06, 29 July 2020
cespitose, sometimes rhizomatous, sometimes stoloniferous. Culms 8-180 (220) cm, usually erect to ascending, sometimes strongly decumbent to prostrate, usually
45 KB (3,070 words) - 03:00, 30 July 2020
perennial; usually cespitose, sometimes rhizomatous or stoloniferous. Culms (3) 5-120 cm, usually erect. Sheaths open, usually smooth and glabrous, sometimes scabrous
31 KB (1,893 words) - 03:29, 30 July 2020
Stems 10–40(–50) cm; basal leaves spatulate, 40–120 mm; dunes and headlands, California, Oregon Solidago spathulata 2 Stems 65–110 cm; basal leaves oblanceolate
4 KB (551 words) - 21:32, 29 July 2020
Treatment on page 456. Mentioned on page 7. Perennials, (10–) 20–80 (–120) cm. Leaves mostly basal and/or cauline; alternate; petiolate or sessile; blades
7 KB (512 words) - 22:41, 29 July 2020
Mentioned on page 491, 494, 496, 498, 499, 525, 529. Shrubs or trees, 20–100 [–120] dm. Stems: trunks 1–few, ± erect, bark flattened-scaly or exfoliating; compound
7 KB (671 words) - 14:34, 30 July 2020
Volume 19. Treatment on page 165. Mentioned on page 58, 83. Perennials, 5–120+ cm; herbage tomentose or glabrescent, not spiny. Stems erect or ascending,
9 KB (521 words) - 20:00, 29 July 2020
sometimes tapering distally, (1–) 2–70 (–130) [–200] × (0.6–) 1–15 cm, less than 40 cm at flowering, skin hard and brittle (less often soft), tuberculate
24 KB (1,147 words) - 09:19, 30 July 2020
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 9. Treatment on page 219. Mentioned on page 120, 121, 122, 133, 137, 176, 220, 221, 222, 225, 243, 245, 247, 248, 271. Herbs
19 KB (1,253 words) - 14:03, 30 July 2020
branching mainly extravaginal or equally extra and intravaginal. Culms 5-120 cm, terete or weakly compressed; nodes terete or weakly compressed. Sheaths
10 KB (1,062 words) - 03:18, 30 July 2020
365. Mentioned on page 19, 182, 361, 362, 372, 382, 466. Perennials, 10–120 cm (rhizomes long and slender to short and thick, sometimes cormoid, often
20 KB (1,017 words) - 22:19, 29 July 2020
Treatment on page 222. Mentioned on page 223, 229. Annuals or perennials, 1–120 cm (herbage often lemon or spicy scented). Stems prostrate to erect, simple
14 KB (1,174 words) - 23:30, 29 July 2020
Treatment on page 270. Mentioned on page 256, 271, 276, 280, 291. Annuals, 5–120 cm (mostly self-incompatible). Stems erect to spreading (unbranched or branched)
13 KB (911 words) - 23:39, 29 July 2020
Mentioned on page 256, 276, 283, 287, 291. Annuals, subshrubs, or shrubs, 4–120 (–150) cm. Stems usually ± erect, rarely decumbent. Leaves mostly cauline (annuals
14 KB (819 words) - 23:40, 29 July 2020
Mentioned on page 5, 317. Annuals, perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs, 2–45 (–75) cm. Leaves cauline; opposite or alternate; petiolate or sessile; blades mostly
7 KB (521 words) - 23:47, 29 July 2020
Mentioned on page 217, 218, 322, 335, 343, 346, 374. Annuals or perennials, 5–120 cm; taprooted or with caudices (in perennial species; M. borealis rhizomatous)
15 KB (826 words) - 20:23, 29 July 2020
Mentioned on page 7, 13, 89, 438, 445. Perennials or subshrubs, (4–) 20–120 (–150) cm (bases often woody). Stems usually strictly erect, few-branched, glabrous
12 KB (695 words) - 20:55, 29 July 2020
Annuals, biennials, perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs [treelets], 1–120 [–400] cm. Stems ± erect, usually branched. Leaves usually cauline, sometimes in
10 KB (645 words) - 23:10, 29 July 2020
Mentioned on page 459, 485. Annuals, perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs, 50–120+ cm. Stems erect, usually branched. Leaves cauline; all or mostly opposite or
8 KB (485 words) - 22:46, 29 July 2020
on page 276. Mentioned on page 254, 255, 256, 277, 280, 291. Annuals, 10–120 cm. Stems ± erect to prostrate. Leaves mostly cauline (at flowering); proximal
9 KB (671 words) - 23:40, 29 July 2020
Annuals, biennials, or perennials [subshrubs, shrubs, trees], (0.5–) 2–90 (–100) cm (taprooted, fibrous-rooted, or rhizomatous and fibrous-rooted, sometimes with
97 KB (2,063 words) - 21:58, 29 July 2020
Mentioned on page 5, 51, 101, 171, 178, 182, 188, 413. Shrubs or subshrubs, 8–120 cm (often rounded, compact; usually with woody, often highly branched caudices)
12 KB (864 words) - 21:46, 29 July 2020
page 262. Mentioned on page 255, 259, 260, 263, 264. Annuals, 2–60 (–130) cm. Stems usually ± erect (prostrate in L. chrysanthemoides and L. platyglossa
14 KB (738 words) - 23:38, 29 July 2020
Mentioned on page 222. Annuals, perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs, 10–120 [–200+] cm. Stems erect, usually strictly branched. Leaves cauline; opposite or
8 KB (535 words) - 23:32, 29 July 2020
Volume 20. Treatment on page 622. Mentioned on page 542. Perennials, 30–300 cm. Stems usually 1, erect (unbranched proximal to heads). Leaves basal and cauline;
10 KB (547 words) - 21:24, 29 July 2020
Flora of North America Association Perennials, 20–80 (rarely to 120 in desert washes) cm, aromatic (rhizomatous). Stems relatively few to relatively numerous
8 KB (635 words) - 20:50, 29 July 2020
appears in FNA Volume 9. Treatment on page 302. Mentioned on page 20, 29, 119, 120, 274, 303, 304, 310. Herbs, perennial, 0.2–4 (–8) dm; rhizomatous, often forming
18 KB (1,235 words) - 14:11, 30 July 2020
Mentioned on page 136, 148, 170, 171, 173. Annuals or perennials, (2–) 10–90 (–120+) cm. Stems erect, branched distally or ± throughout. Leaves mostly cauline;
9 KB (624 words) - 23:20, 29 July 2020
Treatment on page 259. Mentioned on page 216, 258. Annuals or biennials, 15–450+ cm; taprooted. Stems usually 1, usually erect, branched distally or throughout
10 KB (574 words) - 20:12, 29 July 2020
Treatment on page 118. Mentioned on page 65, 66, 119, 120. Perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs (10–) 30–150 cm. Stems erect, usually branched from bases, often
9 KB (624 words) - 23:10, 29 July 2020
Treatment on page 662. Plants annual or perennial; not rhizomatous. Culms 4-120 cm, erect to decumbent, rooting at the lower nodes, sparingly branched near
10 KB (870 words) - 03:30, 30 July 2020
Plants perennial; usually cespitose, sometimes rhizomatous. Culms 20-310 cm, erect, much-branched distally. Leaves not aromatic; ligules membranous, sometimes
14 KB (1,071 words) - 04:25, 30 July 2020
in Pereskia and several genera outside the flora), terete or flat, 0–3 cm (to 10 cm in Pereskia); stipules absent. Spines flexible and hairlike or bristlelike
40 KB (1,967 words) - 15:27, 15 December 2020
obdeltate, spatulate, suborbiculate, elliptic, or oblong; stamens [10–] 25–120, shorter than petals; torus hemispheric to cylindric; carpels (2–) 20–250
22 KB (1,259 words) - 14:34, 30 July 2020
FNA Volume 20. Treatment on page 191. Mentioned on page 188. Shrubs, 10–120 cm; with woody, branched caudices, bark whitish tan, becoming gray, flaky and
9 KB (684 words) - 21:47, 29 July 2020
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 53. Perennials, to 120 cm (stoloniferous, rosettes forming at stolon apices). Stems glabrous or moderately
8 KB (700 words) - 22:36, 29 July 2020
Herbs, 15-120 cm, mostly pubescent when young, often glabrate, having rhizomes, often with adventitious-roots. Leaves 4-25 cm; petiole 1-10 cm; blade ovate
4 KB (345 words) - 08:32, 30 July 2020
Mentioned on page 510, 511, 512, 513, 530. Plants 20–80 cm. Leaves: basal 0–10, blade lanceolate, 20–120 x 10–60 mm, 1-pinnatifid or 2-pinnatifid, margins of
8 KB (574 words) - 19:28, 29 July 2020
appears in FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 456. Perennials, (10–) 20–80 (–120) cm (fibrous-rooted, usually with caudices, sometimes rhizomatous). Stems erect
8 KB (545 words) - 22:41, 29 July 2020
20. Treatment on page 101. Mentioned on page 19, 102, 171. Perennials, 15–120 cm (rhizomatous or with stout, branching, woody caudices). Stems erect, simple
11 KB (857 words) - 21:31, 29 July 2020
appears in FNA Volume 8. Treatment on page 125. Mentioned on page 45, 47, 120, 124, 132. Illustrator: Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey Copyright: Flora of North America
9 KB (505 words) - 12:58, 30 July 2020
var. eustegia, Barbula convoluta var. gallinula Hedwig Sp. Musc. Frond., 120. 1801,. Richard H. Zander Treatment appears in FNA Volume 27. Treatment on
8 KB (922 words) - 07:03, 30 July 2020
FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 60. Mentioned on page 43. Perennials, 15–120 cm. Stems 1–12+, erect, branched from bases, throughout, or only among heads
8 KB (575 words) - 22:54, 29 July 2020
Copyright: Leaves up to 8 m; segments ca. 120 cm. Fruits ca. 4 cm; ripening from green to yellow to red or black, 4 cm; endocarp black, 3-sided, bearing 3 germination
4 KB (586 words) - 00:51, 30 July 2020
on page 120. Illustrator: Barbara Alongi Copyright: Flora of North America Association Leaves: petiole 3–15 cm; blade shallowly lobed, 2–7 cm, ultimate
5 KB (486 words) - 12:58, 30 July 2020
page 36. Mentioned on page 33. Annuals (sometimes persisting), 10–60 (–120) cm. Stems erect to ± prostrate (repeatedly “forked”). Leaves cauline; opposite;
7 KB (521 words) - 23:41, 29 July 2020
Volume 21. Treatment on page 99. Mentioned on page 65, 100. Perennials, 20–60 cm (taproots often relatively massive; caudices unbranched or multibranched)
6 KB (505 words) - 23:06, 29 July 2020
State Geological Survey Treatment appears in FNA Volume 8. Treatment on page 120. Mentioned on page 43, 47, 124. Illustrator: Barbara Alongi Copyright: Flora
7 KB (464 words) - 12:58, 30 July 2020
676. Mentioned on page 667, 670, 673. Stems erect to ascending, 20–80 (–120) cm, glabrous or sparsely glandular-puberulent, puberulent, and/or pilose. Leaves
7 KB (459 words) - 18:57, 29 July 2020
Treatment on page 481. Mentioned on page 460. Annuals and perennials, mostly 20–120 cm. Stems often decumbent (rooting at proximal nodes), sparsely to densely
7 KB (446 words) - 22:45, 29 July 2020
in FNA Volume 8. Treatment on page 118. Mentioned on page 43, 44, 46, 119, 120, 132. Illustrator: Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey Copyright: Flora of North America
9 KB (559 words) - 12:58, 30 July 2020
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 9. Treatment on page 274. Mentioned on page 19, 120, 131, 132, 272, 301, 304. Herbs, perennial, acaulescent, 0.2–2.8 dm; short-rhizomatous
14 KB (994 words) - 14:08, 30 July 2020
North America Association Plants 30–120 cm. Leaves cauline; sessile; blades oblong-lanceolate to elliptic-oblong, 2.5–13 cm, bases sagittate or clasping, margins
5 KB (462 words) - 20:49, 29 July 2020
page 120. Illustrator: Copyright: Vines to 15 m. Leaves: blade oblong, 5–10 × 2–4 cm, aestivation involute. Inflorescences terminal, panicles, 3–8 cm. Staminate
3 KB (361 words) - 18:31, 29 July 2020
usually cespitose, sometimes rhizomatous, rarely stoloniferous. Culms 10-250 cm, usually erect, rarely prostrate, glabrous. Sheaths open, usually glabrous
22 KB (1,094 words) - 04:32, 30 July 2020
appears in FNA Volume 8. Treatment on page 121. Mentioned on page 44, 47, 120, 132. Illustrator: Barbara Alongi Copyright: Flora of North America Association
8 KB (507 words) - 12:58, 30 July 2020
Volume 20. Treatment on page 131. Mentioned on page 130, 132, 133. Plants 50–120 cm; caudices branching. Stems 1 usually, erect, round, proximally glabrous
9 KB (809 words) - 21:35, 29 July 2020
503. Mentioned on page 474, 500, 502, 505, 506, 508, 509. Perennials, 30–120 cm, cespitose; short-rhizomatous or with stout, often woody caudices. Stems
15 KB (1,008 words) - 21:04, 29 July 2020
50–95 (–120), shorter than petals, anthers fertile in staminate flowers, sterile in pistillate flowers; torus ovoid-cylindric; carpels (24–) 50–95 (–120), reduced
10 KB (520 words) - 13:47, 30 July 2020
Treatment on page 532. Mentioned on page 476, 533, 534, 537. Perennials 10–60 cm, colonial; long-rhizomatous. Stems 1–5+, ascending to erect, glabrous or sparsely
9 KB (786 words) - 21:09, 29 July 2020
1–15(–35) cm diam., 5–25(–65)-leaved; caudices simple or branched, 0.5–3.5 cm diam.; leaf blades sometimes farinose, usually to 3 cm wide, rarely to 6 cm; mainland
10 KB (581 words) - 12:54, 30 July 2020
Mentioned on page 511, 513, 531. Plants 4–12 cm. Leaves: basal 6–8, blade elliptic or spatulate, 35–120 x 10–30 mm, undivided or 1-pinnatifid or 2-pinnatifid
7 KB (525 words) - 19:28, 29 July 2020
erect, to 120 cm. Sessile leaves: blade linear. Petiolate leaves emersed; stipule 7–29 cm; petiole distinctly constricted just below blade, to 60 cm; blade
7 KB (629 words) - 05:34, 30 July 2020
Basal branching both intra-and extravaginal or mainly extravaginal. Culms 2-120 cm, terete or somewhat compressed; nodes terete or weakly compressed. Sheaths
10 KB (1,113 words) - 03:19, 30 July 2020
Association Shrubs, to 200 cm, epiphytic. Stem segments light green, 40–120 × 6–9 (–10) cm, margins obtusely serrate; areoles 3–8 cm apart along margins. Spines
5 KB (772 words) - 09:21, 30 July 2020
as wide), 5–15 cm, membranous, base subcordate, apex long-acuminate, surfaces glabrate. Inflorescences: flowers sympodial. Pedicels 1–3 cm, with 3 prominent
6 KB (453 words) - 11:27, 30 July 2020
Exot. Fl. 2: plate 147. 1825 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 2. Plants 2–120 cm. Stems 1–10 mm diam., sparsely scaly. Leaves erect. Proximal leaves broad
5 KB (277 words) - 00:29, 30 July 2020
IllustratedEndemic Treatment appears in FNA Volume 26. Mentioned on page 120, 126. Stems usually not branching, 1–3 dm, proximal internodes very short;
6 KB (515 words) - 05:35, 30 July 2020
Marjorie C. Leggitt Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants 10–120 cm. Leaves glabrous (but for bristly-ciliate margins and midribs), scabrous
4 KB (523 words) - 23:40, 29 July 2020
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 9. Treatment on page 280. Mentioned on page 120, 122, 247, 250, 274, 281, 288, 290, 292, 304. Herbs, perennial, 0.5–10 dm
22 KB (1,357 words) - 14:09, 30 July 2020
FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 433. Mentioned on page 428. Annuals, 25–120 cm. Stems 1 (2–10), branched distally, moderately to strongly winged, glabrous
6 KB (597 words) - 22:36, 29 July 2020
appears in FNA Volume 28. Treatment on page 124. Mentioned on page 10, 11, 118, 120, 125, 132, 141, 154, 176, 186, 236, 661. Plants small, gregarious or in dense
14 KB (818 words) - 07:35, 30 July 2020
21. Treatment on page 465. Mentioned on page 463, 471. Perennials, 40–100+ cm. Stems (from short caudices or stout rhizomes) single, sparsely branched distally
6 KB (543 words) - 22:42, 29 July 2020
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 26. Treatment on page 125. Mentioned on page 120, 126. Stems ± slender, usually not branching, often scapelike, 0.5–2 dm. Leaves:
6 KB (466 words) - 05:34, 30 July 2020
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 8. Treatment on page 116. Mentioned on page 48, 120, 132. Illustrator: Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey Copyright: Flora of North America
8 KB (413 words) - 12:58, 30 July 2020
Volume 21. Treatment on page 112. Mentioned on page 65, 66, 119, 120. Perennials 15–100+ cm (caudices or taproots woody). Stems erect, branched from bases
7 KB (523 words) - 23:09, 29 July 2020
divided, 10–25 cm, ± broader than long. Pedicels not articulated, stout; involucellar bractlets linear, to 2.5 cm. Flowers: corolla to 8 cm diam.; staminal
5 KB (389 words) - 11:23, 30 July 2020
page 36. Mentioned on page 8, 9, 12, 349. Annuals or perennials, 10–120 (–350+) cm (usually taprooted, sometimes with ± woody caudices). Stems usually
11 KB (663 words) - 21:42, 29 July 2020
Treatment on page 287. Mentioned on page 256, 276, 280, 288, 291. Annuals, 10–120 cm. Stems ± erect. Leaves mostly cauline (at flowering); proximal opposite
8 KB (640 words) - 23:41, 29 July 2020
(18) cm long, (2) 5-12 (16) mm wide, linear, flat or folded, straight or lax, glabrous or sparsely pubescent adaxially. Panicles 7-16 cm long, 1-6 cm wide
9 KB (999 words) - 04:12, 30 July 2020
America Association Leaves: petiole 20–150 cm; blade (5–) 10–60 (–90) cm wide. Inflorescences scapose, 30–150 cm, sparsely stipitate-glandular. Flowers: hypanthium
4 KB (515 words) - 12:55, 30 July 2020
706. Plants perennial; often cespitose, usually rhizomatous. Culms 10-210 cm, unbranched or branched, more or less smooth, nodes 1-8. Sheaths open, smooth
24 KB (1,813 words) - 02:43, 30 July 2020
Wilson-Ramsey Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants (2–) 8–30 (–45) cm; rhizomes sometimes contorted. Stems 1–2 (–3). Leaves: ocrea brown, cylindric
10 KB (847 words) - 10:12, 30 July 2020
surfaces scabrous, puberulent, hirsute, or white-villous. Spikes 3-20 cm long, 5-15 cm wide, erect to subflexuous, with 2-3 spikelets per node, rarely with
12 KB (1,198 words) - 03:02, 30 July 2020
Volume 19. Treatment on page 341. Mentioned on page 339, 343. Perennials, 15–120 cm; taprooted. Stems branched and leafy distally, or simple and leafy only
9 KB (669 words) - 20:23, 29 July 2020
branched, 60–120 (–200) cm. Leaves: petiole 1/2–1/3 blade length; blade broadly lanceolate to cordate; basal leaf-blade 10–20 (–27) × 4.5–8 (–18) cm; cauline
4 KB (539 words) - 09:28, 30 July 2020
page 135. Annuals, perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs [trees], 70–500 [–700] cm. Stems erect, branched. Leaves all or mostly cauline; opposite (proximal)
8 KB (598 words) - 23:14, 29 July 2020
Marjorie C. Leggitt Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants 20–120 cm.; stems usually notably stipitate-glandular, rarely merely ± resinous distally
5 KB (566 words) - 23:42, 29 July 2020
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 28. Treatment on page 126. Mentioned on page 120, 125, 128, 129, 148, 154. Illustrator: Patricia M. Eckel Copyright: Flora
7 KB (720 words) - 07:35, 30 July 2020
on page 488. Mentioned on page 20, 429, 445, 447, 489. Shrubs or trees, 10–120 dm. Stems 1–15+, erect; bark gray; short-shoots absent; unarmed; glabrous
13 KB (813 words) - 14:34, 30 July 2020
on page 31, 53, 485, 486, 487, 488, 558. Perennials, (10–) 40–130 (–200+) cm (rhizomatous, roots usually red-tipped). Stems usually 1, erect, simple or
8 KB (520 words) - 20:54, 29 July 2020
distally, lengths 4–6 times diams.) Flyriella 26 Annuals or perennials, 30–120+ cm (not viscid, stems usually puberulent, hairs curled); corollas bluish, pinkish
17 KB (728 words) - 22:41, 29 July 2020
493, 528, 529, 569, 588, 611, 617, 618, 619, 632. Shrubs or trees, 20–70 (–120) dm, often with main trunk dominant. Stems: trunk bark seldom recorded, black
17 KB (1,102 words) - 13:45, 30 July 2020
10-40 cm, margins entire; venation radiate centrally, without weblike pattern, principal veins 6-27; surfaces glabrous. Flowers floating, 6-19 cm diam.
9 KB (799 words) - 08:38, 30 July 2020
± ovate or ovatelanceolate to elliptic, oblong, or obovate, (2–) 5–9 (–12) cm, firm or leathery, margins flat, serrate, crenate, serrulate, crenulate, or
14 KB (829 words) - 14:33, 30 July 2020
Treatment on page 83. Mentioned on page 65, 84. Perennials or subshrubs, 8–120 cm (stems often arising annually from taproots or woody caudices; herbage usually
12 KB (738 words) - 23:03, 29 July 2020
603. Annuals or perennials (often with rank, pungent odor), mostly 20–200 cm (taprooted; glabrous or ± tomentose or villous, often unevenly glabrescent)
9 KB (611 words) - 21:21, 29 July 2020
135. Annuals, perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs, (3–) 10–200 (–400+) [2500+] cm. Leaves usually cauline, sometimes mostly basal, or basal and cauline; opposite
21 KB (800 words) - 22:59, 29 July 2020
stipule margins lacerate to laciniate; petiole 0.5–6.5 cm; blade 0.6–5.5 × 0.4–4.7 cm. Peduncles 1.7–13.8 cm, glabrous or puberulent. Flowers: sepals lanceolate
9 KB (748 words) - 11:42, 30 July 2020
30–400 [–700] × (4–) 6–10 cm; ribs 3–5 [–7], narrowly triangular to winglike, very prominent, 3–5 cm deep, less than 1 cm thick, rib crests undulate;
10 KB (743 words) - 09:19, 30 July 2020
evergreen, ca. 65–200 cm or more. Petiole tan, (25–) 40–120 cm × 4–10 mm, at base with scales absent or ephemeral. Blade 40–100 cm or more, gradually reduced
6 KB (383 words) - 00:29, 30 July 2020
Association Plants to 40 cm, glabrous (except roots). Roots fasciculate, fingerlike, 3–8 mm diam., fleshy. Leaves 2–4; petiole 1–3 cm; blade elliptic to suborbiculate
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Association Aerial shoots (7.5-) 10-30 cm, from rhizomes, rhizomes horizontal. Basal leaves 0-2, ternate; petiole 10-15 cm; terminal leaflet sessile, ovate to
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Flora of North America Association Plants 70–170 cm. Leaves linear-elliptic to narrowly ovate, 20–120 × 3–11 cm, apex acuminate. Inflorescences erect, to 1
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194, 351. Annuals, biennials, or perennials, 1–2 (–3) or (1–) 5–15 (–75+) cm (usually taprooted or developing ± woody caudices, sometimes rhizomatous)
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infrequently stoloniferous. Basal branching all or mostly extravaginal. Culms 5-120 cm, terete or slightly compressed; nodes terete or slightly compressed. Sheaths
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leaf blades mostly 3–8+ cm and radiate heads with yellow corollas (laminae mostly 15–25+ mm) borne on peduncles mostly 3–15+ cm are cultivated in warm areas
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Volume 21. Treatment on page 521. Mentioned on page 513, 534. Plants 30–120 cm. Corms depressed-globose or globose to napiform. Stems puberulent to hirsute-puberulent
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Linny Heagy Copyright: Flora of North America Association Stems branched, 50–120 cm; branches spreading-ascending, quadrangular-ridged, scabrous. Leaves spreading-ascending;
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wrightii subsp. wrightii A. Gray in W. H. Emory Rep. U.S. Mex. Bound. 2(1): 120. 1859. Kerry A. Barringer Synonyms: Adenostegia wrightii (A. Gray) Greene
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appears in FNA Volume 8. Treatment on page 124. Mentioned on page 43, 47, 120. Illustrator: Barbara Alongi Copyright: Flora of North America Association
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Mentioned on page 535, 536, 542, 549, 552. Stems simple or branched, 7–120 cm; branches ascending, spreading, or arching, quadrangular-ridged to winged
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Illustrator: Linny Heagy Copyright: Flora of North America Association Stems 50–120 (–150) cm, usually thorny proximally but armament of distal portions variable among
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branched, densely scaly; scales brown, apex attenuate, filiform. Leaves 10–60 cm × 1–3 mm, petioles indistinct. Sporangia protected by soral paraphyses that
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bladelike distally, with prominent midvein-like axis, [30–] 50–120+ [–500] × [1.5–] 4–5 [–12+] cm, glabrous; ribs 2 or, on proximal portion and on juvenile
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Mentioned on page 3, 9, 11, 36, 257, 349. Annuals [perennials], 10–120 (–350+) cm. Stems usually erect, branched mostly distally (spreading and branched
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Treatment appears in FNA Volume 9. Treatment on page 309. Mentioned on page 119, 120, 274, 303, 310. Herbs, annual, prostrate to ascending, 0.1–3 dm, soft-hairy;
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Reveal Endemic Basionym: Tridentatae Rydberg Monogr. N. Amer. Potentilleae, 120, 122. 1898 Synonyms: Ambiguae A. Gray Hirsutae Rydberg Horkelia sect. Hirsutae (Rydberg)
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Treatment on page 619. Mentioned on page 543, 611, 620. Perennials, [20–] 60–120 [–200] cm (rhizomes fibrous-rooted; plants caulescent [subscapiform], glabrous
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Mentioned on page 530, 551, 558, 561, 579, 638, 641. Shrubs or trees, (40–) 70–120 dm, main trunk dominant. Stems: trunk bark older buff, newly exposed orange
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white, oblong-obovate, (10–) 15–20 × 12 mm; stamens 40–60 (–120) mm; gynophore 4–6 (–8) cm. Capsules reddish-brown to yellowish, irregularly constricted
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Warnock Endemic Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3. Stems (11-) 40-80 (-120) cm; base usually reddish, longitudinally ridged, puberulent. Leaves mostly
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page 635. Mentioned on page 541, 542, 543, 636, 637. Perennials, 10–25 (–120) cm (plants rhizomatous, polygamodioecious). Stems erect, not branched (± scapiform;
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66, 67. Annuals or perennials [shrubs, trees], 7–15+ cm (Verbesina nana) or 30–200 (–400) [–2500+] cm. Stems usually erect, usually branched (internodes
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entire; petiole present; blade ± narrowly obovate to ± narrowly elliptic, 1.5–22 cm, herbaceous, major leaflets 3–19, leaflets along rachis in ± opposite pairs
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Susan A. Reznicek Copyright: Flora of North America Association Culms 20–120 cm, angles glabrous. Leaves: basal sheaths leafless, usually redbrown; blades
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genusLarix speciesLarix occidentalis Nuttall N. Amer. Sylv. 3: 143, plate 120. 1849. William H. Parker Common names: Western larch mélèze occidental IllustratedEndemic
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Treatment on page 78. Mentioned on page 77. Plants scapiform, (40–) 100–250+ cm; taprooted. Stems terete, glabrous. Leaves: basal persistent, petiolate; cauline
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Volume 21. Treatment on page 171. Mentioned on page 170, 172. Perennials, 20–120+ cm (caudices woody). Stems strigose or puberulent to glabrate. Leaves opposite
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on page 549. Mentioned on page 548, 550, 551. Perennials, (30–) 50–80 (–120) cm (bases usually fibrous-rooted crowns, sometimes rhizomatous). Stems ascending
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FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 433. Mentioned on page 428. Annuals, 20–120 cm. Stems usually 1, branched distally, moderately to strongly winged, glabrous
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on page 558. Mentioned on page 548, 559. Subshrubs or shrubs, (30–) 40–120+ cm (taproots forming woody crowns). Herbage glabrous or ± lanate-tomentose
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on page 127, 132. Stems retrorsely ascending to erect, (15–) 25–65 (–100) cm, puberulent proximally, glandular-pubescent distally. Leaves basal and cauline
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on page 225, 229, 230, 234. Herbs. Stems ascending to erect, (30–) 40–100 cm, viscid glandular-pubescent, not glaucous. Leaves basal and cauline, opposite
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Gray Treatment appears in FNA Volume 20. Treatment on page 360. Plants 4–40 cm; stems, leaves, and phyllaries densely villous to glabrate, eglandular (at
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circular to obovate to rhombic, or apex tapering, elongate, 15–40 (–120) × 10–40 cm, ± tuberculate, glabrous, often glaucous; areoles 5–8 per diagonal row
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21. Treatment on page 178. Mentioned on page 176. Perennials, mostly 30–120 cm. Stems erect. Leaves basal and/or cauline; mostly opposite; petiolate, subpetiolate
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Annuals, perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs [perennials], mostly 10–80 (–200) cm. Stems erect, branched distally or ± throughout. Leaves cauline; mostly opposite
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on page 364, 365, 382, 385, 393. Annuals, biennials, or perennials, 10–80+ cm. Stems erect or spreading, branched from bases or throughout. Leaves mostly
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extending beyond foliage, spikelike or spicate, paniclelike thyrses, [5–] 30–120 [–150] -flowered; peduncles and pedicels not fleshy in fruit. Pedicels usually
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thyrses 2–4 cm; stems 8–12 cm. Penstemon tracyi 15 Proximal bracts lanceolate to linear, rarely ovate; thyrses 0.5–23(–50) cm; stems 3–70(–120) cm. > 16 16
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sheath, distal blade 8–120 × 3–7 mm, margins often scabridulous. Inflorescences 2 (–3) times branched, open or compact, branches 6 (–18) cm; proximal bract usually
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or suborbiculate, 2–7 × 1.5–5.8 cm, apex obtuse to rarely acute or apiculate. Inflorescences 5–20-flowered, lax, 20–120 mm; floral bracts semitranslucent
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Wilson-Ramsey Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants (50–) 70–120 (–150) cm. Corms tunicate, (15–) 20–30 mm diam.; tunic layered, brown, brittle
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Volume 20. Treatment on page 39. Mentioned on page 13, 16. Perennials, 10–160 cm (usually cespitose, induments usually of stipitate-glandular and smooth-surfaced
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471. Annuals, perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs (often ± woolly annuals 1–10 cm). Leaves basal and/or cauline; usually alternate, rarely opposite; petiolate
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middles, usually 3-lobed (middle lobes sometimes toothed). Disc-florets 40–120+; corollas ochroleucous to yellow or redbrown to purple or apices redbrown
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(biennials, or short-lived perennials), (5–) 20–120 cm. Leaf-blades oblong to narrowly oblanceolate, 1–3 cm × 2–7 mm, bases clasping, margins entire, ± revolute
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Flora of North America Association Leaves monomorphic, 10–35 cm. Blade 4 (–5) -pinnate, 3–12 cm, nearly as wide as long, papery. Ultimate segments lanceolate
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sterile culms; loosely cespitose, with rhizomes 5-7+ cm long, 0.5-1 mm thick. Culms (60) 75-120 cm, unbranched, slightly scabrous; nodes 2-4 (5). Sheaths
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Volume 25. Treatment on page 384. Plants perennial; rhizomatous. Culms 60-120 cm, stiffly erect, clustered. Sheaths open; ligules 0.1-0.3 mm, membranous
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culms; cespitose, usually with rhizomes shorter than 5 cm, 1-1.5 mm thick. Culms (10) 35-90 (120) cm, usually unbranched, smooth to slightly scabrous; nodes
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sometimes single and widely spaced, sometimes stoloniferous. Culms (8) 10-120 (130) cm, erect or decumbent, glabrous and smooth. Sheaths closed for about 3/4
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spine conical, 2–3 cm. Scape 7–9 m. Inflorescences: lateral branches 20–30. Flowers 7–8.5 cm; perianth-tube 13–14 mm; ovary 3.5–4 cm. Capsules not seen
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ascending, often clumped but not matted, green or gray-green, terete, 10–110 (–120) cm, usually well-branched throughout, sometimes simple, strigillose and/or
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219. Annuals or biennials [perennials, shrubs, sometimes spiny], [5–] 30–150 cm; usually taprooted [stoloniferous]. Stems erect [prostrate], distally branched
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page 486. Mentioned on page 460. Subshrubs or shrubs, (8–) 20–45 (–120+) [–300] cm. Stems erect [decumbent], branched from bases and/or ± throughout. Leaves
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389, 396. Perennials [subshrubs] (dioecious or subdioecious), 20–80 (–120+) cm; fibrous-rooted (rhizomatous, not stoloniferous). Stems usually 1, usually
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20. Treatment on page 614. Mentioned on page 541. Shrubs, 100–200 [–400+] cm (usually glabrous, sometimes sparsely arachnose or glabrate). Stems usually
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subspeciesCynara cardunculus subsp. flavescens Wiklund Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 109: 120, fig. 15A–D, F–J. 1992. David J. Keil Treatment appears in FNA Volume 19.
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Barbara Alongi Copyright: Flora of North America Association Annuals 30–120 cm, vines. Leaves: petiole 14–54 mm; blade hastate to broadly sagittate, 21–75
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Treatment appears in FNA Volume 20. Treatment on page 229. Stems erect, 20–80 (–120) cm. Cauline leaf-blades lanceolate to linear, reduced distally (becoming bractlike
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Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants 60–120 cm; corm depressed-globose, 40–70 mm diam. Stems 1–2-branched. Leaves 8–10
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2(1): 69, plate 25. 1859 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 8. Treatment on page 120. Mentioned on page 119. Illustrator: Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey Copyright: Flora
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Volume 21. Treatment on page 266. Mentioned on page 263, 264. Plants 5–100 cm (self-incompatible); glandular, strongly lemon or acrid-scented. Stems not
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Treatment on page 674. Mentioned on page 670. Stems erect or ascending, 10–90 (–120) cm, densely puberulent and glandular-puberulent, and pilose. Leaves puberulent
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Mentioned on page 461, 462, 541. Annuals or perennials [subshrubs], 30–120+ cm (crowns fibrous-rooted). Stems erect, simple or sparingly branched (usually
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of North America Association Stems erect, leafy, slender, (20-) 30-100 (-120) cm, glabrous. Leaves mostly cauline, proximal leaves petiolate, distalmost
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20. Treatment on page 579. Mentioned on page 575, 580. Perennials, 20–50+ cm; fibrous-rooted (caudices creeping). Stems 1 or 2–3, loosely clustered, glabrous
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Volume 21. Treatment on page 532. Mentioned on page 517, 534. Plants 30–150 cm. Corms subglobose. Stems puberulent (at least distally, sometimes glabrous
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page 47. Annuals (biennials, or perennials) [shrubs, subshrubs], (5–) 20–120 cm (sometimes rhizomatous). Leaves basal and/or cauline (mostly cauline at
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Potentilleae, 120. 1898 Synonyms: Purpurascentes Rydberg Treatment appears in FNA Volume 9. Treatment on page 270. Mentioned on page 120, 121, 122, 133
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(5) 11-24 (34) cm long, (1.5) 2-5 (6) mm wide, flat, usually stiff, sometimes puberulent. Panicles (6) 8-11 (29) cm long, (0.8) 1-2 (2.8) cm wide, pale green
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especially abaxially. Cauline leaves: petiole 0.8–6.5 cm; blade 1.1–5.5 × 1–4.7 cm. Peduncles 3–13.8 cm, bracteoles alternate or opposite. Flowers: sepal margins
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[–38] × [8–] 15–25 [–30] cm; outermost tepals often greenish, yellow, pink, or occasionally purplish red or white, 10–15 × 1–1.5 cm, margins entire; inner
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Treatment on page 376. Mentioned on page 215, 377. Annuals or perennials, 5–100+ cm; taprooted or rhizomatous (roots producing tuberiform swellings in P. grandiflorus)
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Plants annual, biennial, or perennial; loosely cespitose or tufted. Culms 30-120 cm tall, 2-4 mm thick, erect or decumbent. Sheaths usually densely, often retrorsely
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Volume 25. Treatment on page 323. Plants perennial; cespitose. Culms 25-120 cm, wiry, erect to sprawling, unbranched. Leaves basal and cauline; sheaths
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Illustrator: John Myers Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants 50–120 cm (roots fibrous). Herbage usually hairy (hairs spreading to ascending, to
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203. Plants annual, biennial, or perennial; loosely cespitose. Culms 45-120 (180) cm tall, usually less than 3 mm thick, erect. Sheaths mostly glabrous or
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of old leaves at base, 3.5–61.5 cm. Leaves erect from sheath, mostly shorter than scape, 2.2–11.5 cm; sheath 0.7–2.5 cm × 1–1.8 mm, ligule occasionally
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glabrous. Leaves crowded in terminal whorl-like clusters; stipules 5.4-7 × 2.5-3 cm, abaxially glandular. Leaf-blade predominantly pandurate to broadly rhombic-spatulate
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Barbara Alongi Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants 10–60 (–120+) cm. Stems ± procumbent. Leaf-blades deltate to ± rhombic or ovate, 13–37 ×
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Treatment appears in FNA Volume 26. Treatment on page 124. Mentioned on page 120, 123. Illustrator: Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey Copyright: Flora of North America
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Volume 21. Treatment on page 540. Mentioned on page 460. Perennials, 60–120 cm (rhizomes thickened, fibrous-rooted). Stems erect, branched distally. Leaves
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terete or flattened in cross-section, 5-7 mm. Flowers 4-9 cm broad; petals white; stamens 100-120; filaments pale-yellow; pistil 3-5-carpellate. Capsules
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Volume 20. Treatment on page 627. Mentioned on page 543. Perennials, 15–90 cm (rhizomes fibrous-rooted; plants glabrous or sparsely to densely tomentose)
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North America Association Stems usually purplish, 4-10 dm, with 120-500 prickles per cm⊃2; on main-stem below capsule, longest prickles 4-6 mm. Leaf-blades:
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Treatment appears in FNA Volume 26. Treatment on page 126. Mentioned on page 120. Illustrator: Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey Copyright: Flora of North America Association
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subumbellate, 1–4-flowered; bracts 1–8 cm. Flowers erect; perianth open, campanulate; sepals lanceolate-oblong, attenuate, 2–3 cm; petals deep yellow, usually streaked-redbrown
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petioles 4–12 cm; blades (1-) or 3-nerved, elliptic to lanceolate, 8–30 × 1–3 cm, bases attenuate, margins entire (usually ciliate). Peduncles 20–50+ cm. Phyllaries
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Leaves (5–)7–10(–12.5) cm wide; flowers 4–4.7 cm; w Texas. Agave ×glomeruliflora 8 Leaves 1–5.5 cm wide; flowers shorter than 4.3 cm. > 9 9 Leaf margins horny
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abaxial and adaxial surfaces scabrous or glabrate. Panicles 20-120 cm long, (5) 10-50 cm wide; branches unisexual. Staminate branches ascending to reflexed;
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basal sheaths of previous year not persistent. Culms easily compressed, to 120 cm × 7 mm, scabrous. Leaves: sheaths usually all with blades, green; fronts
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Treatment on page 456. Plants annual. Culms to 120 cm. Blades to 27 cm long, 1-12 mm wide. Spikes 2-40 cm, with 3-26 spikelets; rachises 0.5-3.5 mm thick
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Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants densely cespitose. Culms 25–120 cm; vegetative culms inconspicuous with few leaves clustered at apex. Leaves:
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cespitose. Culms 1–15, trigonous, 7–30 cm × 1.2–2.5 mm, soft (flattened in pressing), glabrous. Leaves 2–7, flat, (2–) 7–22 cm × 2.2–4 mm. Inflorescences: heads
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thorn-tipped. Leaves: petiole 1.5–5 cm, slightly pubescent when young; blade ovate or suborbiculate to elliptic, 2–5 (–7) × 1.5–2.5 cm, base broadly cuneate to almost
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leaves: petiole to 60 cm (broadly expanded basally); blade broadly oblong, oblong-lanceolate, or ovate, (10–) 20–45 (–60) cm × (30–) 50–120 (–170) mm, margins
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yellow-green or yellowbrown, often hoary when dry. Stems (1–) 3–10 (–12) cm, sparingly or profusely irregularly branched or often regularly pinnately
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Mentioned on page 31, 48, 53, 68, 487, 488, 541, 548. Annuals, (1–) 10–25 (–80) cm (taprooted; often aromatic). Stems 1–10+, usually erect or ascending, sometimes
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on page 120. Mentioned on page 10, 11, 118, 125, 661, 662. Plants small, in thin mats or scattered, pale green to yellow-green. Stems 0.5–1.5 cm, weakly
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Wilson-Ramsey Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants 30–80 (–120) cm (aerial stems simple or branched near or proximal to middles). Leaves basal
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of North America Association Plants 50–100 (–200) cm. Leaves: basal blades ± elliptic, mostly 15–40 cm × 100–200+ mm (bases decurrent onto strongly ribbed
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spreading; petioles of proximal leaves 0.5–0.7 cm; blades of midstem leaves ovate to widely ovate, 4.5–9 × 3.5–5 cm, base obtuse to rounded, often oblique, apex
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Association Plants 10–120 cm. Leaves: stipules 2–3.5 mm, margins entire; petiole 3–8 cm; blade ovate to round in outline, 5–17 × 4–12 cm, deeply lobed, lobes
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20–35 cm diam. Leaves 15–30, strongly costapalmate, bearing threadlike fibers between segments; hastula acute to acuminate, 5.3–18 cm; segments 55–120 × 2
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Alongi Copyright: Flora of North America Association Stems clustered, 22–120 cm. Leaves: petiole 0–2 (–5) mm; blade ovate to lanceolate or elliptic, (18–)
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to 50 cm. Roots 2–3 mm diam. Leaves 4–8, basal; petiole erect; blade spreading, broadly elliptic with several prominent arching veins, 2–9 × 1–4 cm. Inflorescences
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trees, 70–80 (–120) dm. Stems: twigs: new growth greenish, glabrous or slightly hairy; thorns on twigs straight to recurved, ± stout, 2–4 cm. Leaves: petiole
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cespitose, with or without rhizomes, occasionally stoloniferous. Culms 5-150 (275) cm, usually glabrous and smooth throughout, sometimes scabrous or densely pubescent
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State University Culms 25-65 (77) cm, erect. Blades usually puberulent abaxially, sometimes glabrous. Spikes 7-20 cm, usually exserted, usually with 2
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10–120 (–200+) cm. Stem-bases soft, herbaceous, hollow. Leaves: blades of mid cauline spatulate or oblong to obovate or lanceolate, 6–30 × 1–15 cm, bases
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Wilson-Ramsey Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants (1–) 2–5 (–25+) cm (high or across), ± villous, glabrescent (not stoloniferous, stems purplish
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Treatment on page 549. Mentioned on page 546. Perennials, (20–) 40–80 (–120) cm (caudices fibrous-rooted). Herbage usually floccose-tomentose to glabrescent
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blade channeled, to 20 cm, reduced distally. Inflorescences glomerules, 1–3 (–5), each with 2–10 flowers; peduncles 0.4–1.5 cm; primary bracts somewhat
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erect, sometimes decumbent at base, simple or much-branched distally, 20–120 cm, puberulent or scabrous-pubescent, sometimes retrorse, often glandular distally
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Volume 20. Treatment on page 148. Mentioned on page 110, 144. Plants 60–120 cm; caudices short, stout. Stems 1–5+, erect to arching, puberulent in arrays
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Endemic Treatment appears in FNA Volume 20. Treatment on page 56. Plants 20–120 cm. Stems green when young, fastigiately branched, puberulent, gland-dotted
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187, 205, 213, 221. Herbs. Stems decumbent, ascending, or erect, 20–70 (–120) cm, glabrous or retrorsely hairy, sometimes only in lines, not glaucous. Leaves
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lanceolate, 20–120 × 3–20 mm, bases cuneate, often auriculate, apices acute. Heads in racemiform to narrow, paniculiform arrays, branches usually to 10 cm. Peduncles
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green, yellow-brownish or olive to green-brown. Stems (1–) 2–7 cm or occasionally up to 10 cm long, prostrate to ascending, irregularly sparsely branched
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Treatment appears in FNA Volume 9. Treatment on page 272. Mentioned on page 120, 122, 124, 133, 219. Herbs, perennial, ± matted, 0.5–3 dm, sparsely hairy;
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Mentioned on page 473, 475, 500, 510, 521, 537. Perennials (15–) 20–70 (–120) cm, cespitose; stoutly short-rhizomatous, with thick, woody caudices or a few
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on page 152, 245, 246, 247, 248, 252, 255. Herbs. Stems erect, (50–) 80–120 cm, glaucous or not. Leaves: basal and proximal cauline 40–100 × 8–50 mm, blade
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5-lobed, capitate to peltate. Fruits capsular, subglobose, dry. Seeds ca. 60–120, ellipsoid, oblong, or angular, flattened or wedge-shaped; testa smooth and
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diameter, lax to straight. Panicles 5-30 cm long, 0.5-1.5 cm wide; branches appressed, straight, longest branches 1-7 cm. Spikelets appressed to the branches
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Treatment appears in FNA Volume 20. Treatment on page 637. Plants 10–60 (–120) cm. Rhizomes much branched, creeping, often forming long-lived, spreading clones
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or perennial; cespitose, sometimes stoloniferous or rhizomatous. Culms to 120 cm, not woody. Sheaths open; ligules membranous, ciliate; blades flat. Inflorescences
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Treatment on page 788. Plants annual; tufted or the culms solitary. Culms 5-120 cm, erect or geniculate, glabrous. Leaves mostly cauline; sheaths open, rounded
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on page 3, 9, 12, 18, 458, 459, 461, 462, 466. Annuals or perennials, 2–200 cm (colonial or cespitose, usually ± strongly heterophyllous, usually eglandular
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page 51, 136, 148, 149, 157, 170. Annuals or perennials, (5–) 20–300 (–500) cm. Stems erect or ascending to decumbent or procumbent, usually branched distally
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× 1.2–2 cm; margins edentate, or denticulate only near and at base. Flowers 2.1–2.8 cm; limb lobes 8–10 mm; filaments 1.2–1.7 cm; ovary 1–1.6 cm. 2n = 120
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subumbellate, 1–4-flowered; bracts paired, 3–8 cm. Flowers erect; perianth open, campanulate; sepals lanceolate, 2–3 cm, apex acuminate; petals lavender, with
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teeth single 2–6 mm, mostly (1–) 2–4 cm apart, rarely absent; apical spine grayish, conical to subulate, 1.5–4.5 cm. Scape (2–) 2.5–3.5 m. Inflorescences
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Mentioned on page 120. Leaves: petiole 3–12 cm; blade deeply lobed, 1–5 cm, ultimate margins crenate-dentate. Inflorescences 5–8-flowered, 10–30 cm, stipitate-glandular;
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turnip-shaped, usually 15–30 × 5–12 cm (much larger ones known). Stems gray-green to gray, simple or with 2–5 branches, 40–120 (–300) cm, distally 8–20 mm diam.,
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on page 282. Mentioned on page 260, 273, 274, 275. Perennials, 9–20 (–35) cm; taprooted, caudices essentially simple. Stems ascending to decumbent or prostrate
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North America Association Plants 4–70 cm. Leaves: blade elliptic, narrowly lanceolate, lanceovate, or oblong, 14–120 × 4–32 mm. Inflorescences: floral bracts
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FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 75. Mentioned on page 65. Annuals, 10–120 (–300+) cm. Stems erect, distally branched. Leaves cauline; mostly alternate (distal
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Volume 21. Treatment on page 28. Mentioned on page 9, 25. Annuals, 30–120 (–200) cm. Stems erect, strictly, if at all, branched. Leaves cauline; mostly opposite
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FNA Volume 21. Mentioned on page 514, 524, 525, 535. Plants (40–) 60–120 (–180) cm. Corms globose, sometimes becoming elongate rhizomes. Stems glabrous
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20. Treatment on page 641. Mentioned on page 541. Annuals, (2–) 4–12 (–30) cm (usually glabrous but for axillary tomentum). Stems usually 1, erect, simple
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page 608. Mentioned on page 541. Vines (herbaceous or suffrutescent), 50–500+ cm. Stems usually 1, ± twining and climbing. Leaves cauline; alternate; petiolate;
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20. Treatment on page 625. Mentioned on page 543. Perennials, 20–40 (–50) cm (rhizomes creeping, roots fibrous, branched). Stems 1 (–3), erect (scapiform
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Illustrator: Barbara Alongi Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants 4–120 cm. Leaves: petiole 2–6 mm; blade: proximal 15–35 × 10–30 mm, base truncate
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America Association Stems 4–10 (–15) cm. Basal leaf-blades linear-oblanceolate to narrowly oblanceolate, (30–) 40–90 (–120) × (1–) 2–4 (–6) mm, apices acute
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Treatment on page 295. Mentioned on page 255, 296, 297, 300, 303. Perennials, 50–120 cm (rhizomatous; self-incompatible). Stems (aerial) erect. Leaves basal and
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Volume 21. Treatment on page 527. Mentioned on page 515, 516. Plants 20–90 cm. Corms globose, sometimes depressed or elongate. Stems minutely puberulent-hirtellous
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(surfaces minutely papillose marginally). Flowering shoots erect, simple, 6–15 cm; leaf-blades elliptic or oblanceolate-oblong, base not spurred; offsets not
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Treatment appears in FNA Volume 26. Treatment on page 127. Mentioned on page 120, 126. Illustrator: Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey Copyright: Flora of North America
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Treatment on page 621. Mentioned on page 543. Perennials, [10–] 80–150 [–300] cm (rhizomes usually fleshy; plants hairy or tufted-hairy to unevenly glabrate)
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America Association Stems 0.8–3 cm. Leaf-blades usually 3–5-nerved, broadly linear to oblanceolate, rarely lanceolate, 30–120 × 2–12 mm. Heads 25+. Involucres
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Barbara Alongi Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants 50–180 cm; stolons and rhizomes absent, fallen stems frequently rooting at nodes. Stems
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for a kind of palm Treatment appears in FNA Volume 22. Treatment on page 120. Mentioned on page 121. Stems solitary, erect, robust, unarmed, bearing conspicuous
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in FNA Volume 20. Treatment on page 193. Mentioned on page 192. Plants 50–120 cm. Stems glabrous. Leaf-blades (spreading to deflexed) green to bluish or
6 KB (625 words) - 21:47, 29 July 2020
Treatment on page 198. Mentioned on page 185. Perennials [subshrubs], 10–70 (–120+) cm. Stems 1, erect [sprawling], branched throughout. Leaves cauline; opposite;
8 KB (551 words) - 23:26, 29 July 2020
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 26. Treatment on page 129. Mentioned on page 120, 126. Illustrator: Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey Copyright: Flora of North America
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FNA Volume 24. Treatment on page 732. Plants annual or perennial. Culms 15-120 cm. Sheaths open; auricles absent; ligules membranous; blades flat. Inflorescences
6 KB (706 words) - 02:38, 30 July 2020
on page 378. Mentioned on page 364, 365. Shrubs or treelets, mostly 100–300 cm. Stems (1–5+), branched. Leaves cauline; alternate; sessile; blades linear-filiform
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sterile culms; often densely cespitose, with rhizomes 2-6 cm long, 2-4 mm thick. Culms (26) 60-85 (120) cm, unbranched, slightly scabrous; nodes 2-3 (5). Sheaths
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sterile culms; loosely cespitose, with rhizomes 1-10 cm long, 2-4 mm thick. Culms (47) 60-120 (150) cm, unbranched, smooth, rarely slightly scabrous; nodes
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sterile culms; weakly cespitose, with rhizomes 8+ cm long, 1.5-2 mm thick. Culms (80) 85-110 (120) cm, sometimes branched, smooth or slightly scabrous beneath
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9. Treatment on page 546. Mentioned on page 492, 525. Shrubs or trees, 30–120 dm, main trunk dominant. Stems: trunk bark dark gray, scaling; freshly exposed
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State University Culms (85) 90-120 cm. Sheaths smooth; collars glabrous; ligules (2) 3-4 (6) mm; blades (12) 16-28 (30) cm long, (2) 6-8 (12) mm wide, glaucous
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Volume 20. Treatment on page 144. Mentioned on page 132, 145. Plants 40–120 cm; caudices branching, woody. Stems usually 1, erect, glabrous, sparsely hairy
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20. Treatment on page 461. Mentioned on page 18, 458, 466. Perennials, 30–120 cm (rhizomes long, slender, roots fleshy). Stems (1–4), ascending to erect
8 KB (599 words) - 20:59, 29 July 2020
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 9. Treatment on page 279. Mentioned on page 119, 120, 274, 304. Herbs, biennial or short-lived [long-lived] perennial, [0.3–] 0
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or reddish-brown. Flowering-stems erect, branching in distal 1/6–1/3, 3–15 cm, glabrous. Leaves alternate, membranous. Stolon leaves: petiole 7–43 mm, sparsely
9 KB (743 words) - 12:55, 30 July 2020
page 151. Mentioned on page 146, 150, 153, 156, 157. Plants 30–150 (–200) cm; rhizomes short to long creeping. Stems 1–20+, erect, glabrate proximally
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reddish in distal part, black and frequently defoliated proximally. Stems 5–10 cm, central strand absent. Leaves straight appressed when dry, erectopatent when
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Bee F. Gunn Copyright: Flora of North America Association Perennials 20–60 cm, colonial; long-rhizomatous. Stems 1–5+, ascending to erect, densely and uniformly
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450. Mentioned on page 7, 18, 451. Perennials or subshrubs, mostly 10–100 cm (taprooted, eventually ± woody, branched). Stems decumbent to ascending or
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12. Treatment on page 120. Vines 40+ m. Leaves: blade suborbiculate to broadly oblong-obovate or ovate-orbiculate, 4–6 × 3–5 cm, aestivation conduplicate
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Copyright: Flora of North America Association Stems 30-120 cm. Basal leaves 2-3×-ternately compound, 9-45 cm, much shorter than stems; leaflets green adaxially
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FNA Volume 26. Treatment on page 127. Mentioned on page 120. Stems stout, not branching, 16–22 cm, not bearing bulblets. Leaves: basal 2–25 dm × 8–12 mm;
4 KB (436 words) - 05:35, 30 July 2020
caudex. Stems erect, green or tan to reddish green, terete, (3–) 10–120 (–190) cm, often thick, well branched or simple, subglabrous proximal to inflorescence
15 KB (1,188 words) - 21:02, 7 June 2022
rhizomes. Culms trigonous, 30–100 cm × 2–4 mm, basally cormlike, glabrous. Leaves flat to broadly V-shaped, 20–70 cm × 4–6 mm, glabrous except for marginal
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Plants 11–35 cm. Corms elongate, forked, 18–29 mm. Leaves not appressed to inflorescences at flowering; blade linearlanceolate, 7–35 cm × 5–15 mm. Inflorescences
7 KB (658 words) - 05:28, 30 July 2020
Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants densely cespitose. Culms 20–120 cm. Leaves: sheaths adaxially white-hyaline or green-and-white-mottled, papillose
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Culms 40-120 cm, erect, not rooting or branching at the lower nodes, glabrous. Sheaths glabrous, rounded; ligules 0.7-2 mm; blades 7-20 cm long, 1-6 mm
6 KB (868 words) - 04:28, 30 July 2020
3–6 (–10), (1–) 3–6 (–18) cm, rays and rachis hispidulous; bracts 4–8 (–10), ascending at 30–60°, V-shaped, (2–) 10–25 (–45) cm × (1–) 3–6 (–8) mm; rachilla
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ligules 0.5-1 mm; blades 6-40 cm long, 3-8 mm wide, linear, flat to involute, glabrous adaxially. Panicles 6-18 cm long, 0.8-3 cm wide; rachises smooth or scabrous;
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2-200-flowered panicles, racemes, corymbs, umbels, or flowers solitary, to 41 cm; involucres absent or present, involucral-bracts 2-3 (these compound, often
17 KB (836 words) - 08:34, 30 July 2020
lanceolate, narrowly elliptic, narrowly oblong, or ovate, (1.5–) 3–8 (–9.5) cm, thin and not fleshy or slightly to moderately thickened and slightly fleshy
13 KB (824 words) - 18:53, 29 July 2020
page 488. Mentioned on page 470, 472, 483, 487, 506. Perennials, 10–100 (–120) cm, cespitose; with short, thick, woody caudices, tangled or sometimes cormoid
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University Plants cespitose, not rhizomatous, often somewhat glaucous. Culms 50-120 cm, erect; nodes 4-8, exposed or concealed, often reddish-brown or blackish
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Flora of North America Association Plants densely cespitose. Culms 30–120 (–140) cm; vegetative culms with few leaves clustered at apex. Leaves: sheaths
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America Association Plants leafy-stemmed. Stems 30–120 cm, hirsute to sparsely hirsute. Leaves: basal 10–35 cm, blade interruptedly pinnate, major leaflets 5–9
9 KB (817 words) - 14:43, 30 July 2020
close together, trigonous, (10–) 40–80 (–120) cm × 1.2–2.5 (–5) mm, glabrous. Leaves 2–5, pleated, (10–) 20–50 (–90) cm × 2–5 (–10) mm. Inflorescences: spikes
8 KB (581 words) - 01:35, 30 July 2020
Treatment on page 225. Mentioned on page 223. Perennials, 20–50 cm; rhizomes 1–20 cm. Stems usually 1, erect, green to brown distally, simple, slender
8 KB (667 words) - 21:53, 29 July 2020
FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 56. Mentioned on page 53. Perennials, to 120 cm (roots fibrous, caudices often woody). Stems proximally glabrous or sparsely
7 KB (697 words) - 22:43, 29 July 2020
sometimes dioecious; cespitose, stoloniferous, or rhizomatous. Culms 2-160 cm, not woody, erect, decumbent, or geniculate, sometimes rooting at the lower
33 KB (1,388 words) - 03:56, 30 July 2020
erect, yellow, 4–5 cm; anthers yellow, 22–25 mm; ovary 4–5 cm, neck absent. Capsules short-pedicellate, ellipsoid to oblong, 3.5–5 cm, apex beaked. Seeds
7 KB (592 words) - 06:13, 30 July 2020
Copyright: Flora of North America Association Annuals, (10–) 20–60 (–180) cm. Leaves: petioles 10–40 (–60) mm; blades deltate to lanceovate overall, 30–80
9 KB (822 words) - 23:28, 29 July 2020
Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants 3–70 cm (self-incompatible); glandular, not strongly scented. Stems usually not purple-streaked
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hairs appressed. Inflorescences 6–15 × 6–20 cm, often branching from near base, branches to 15 cm. Pedicels 1–2 cm. Staminate flowers: sepals green to purplish
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lanceolate, 10–120 × 5–30 mm, bases clasping. Heads usually borne singly, terminal, sometimes 2–6 (not subtended by leaflike bracts). Peduncles 1–5 cm. Involucres
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17–45 × 4–12 cm; blade lanceolate; margins straight, teeth 5–7 mm, 1–3 cm apart; apical spine dark-brown, subulate or acicular, 2.5–3 cm. Scape (2–) 3–4
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(50–)70–120(–150) cm; leaf blade margins serrate to biserrate, apices acute. Veronica longifolia 13 Stems usually with 4–10 nodes, 5–45(–60) cm; leaf blade
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subulate, 3–5 cm. Scape 5–9 m. Inflorescences: lateral branches 15–35. Flowers 7–10 cm; perianth-tube 8–20 mm; ovary 3–4.5 cm. Capsules 4–5 cm. Seeds unknown
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to 125 cm. Leaves: sheaths glaucous, fronts indistinctly veined, veins not persisting, apex thin, truncate or irregularly convex; blades 120 cm × 7–10
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mid with winged petioles to 6 cm, wings sometimes decurrent 1–2 cm on stems, blades lanceolate to triangular-ovate, 5–15 cm, bases cordate to truncate or
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blades 40–75 cm × 4–8 mm, strongly scabrous on margins and adaxial surface. Inflorescences with 5–7 spikes, 20 cm; peduncle of lateral spikes to 5 cm; proximal
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Roberts Copyright: Utah State University Culms 120-180 cm; nodes glabrous; internodes mostly hollow, solid for 1 cm below the spikes. Blades to 18 mm wide, shortly
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flowering; blades broadly elliptic or ovate to lanceolate, 6–12 (–18+) cm × 30–80 (–120+) mm (including petioles), both faces sparsely pilose to hirsute. Bracts
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Treatment appears in FNA Volume 26. Treatment on page 124. Mentioned on page 120, 125. Stems not branching, 0.3–2 dm. Leaves: basal persistent, 1–2 dm; blade
5 KB (488 words) - 05:34, 30 July 2020
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 26. Treatment on page 128. Mentioned on page 120. Stems not branching, less than 1 dm. Leaves: basal persistent, 1–2 dm; blade
5 KB (454 words) - 05:35, 30 July 2020
and brittle, 0.8–1.2 cm. Scape 1.6–2.5 m. Inflorescences spicate; peduncle shorter than 2 mm. Flowers 1 or 2–3 per cluster, 2.9–4.2 cm; perianth-tube 8–11
4 KB (585 words) - 06:13, 30 July 2020
(–47) cm × 6.5–11 cm; blade ovate. Flowers 4.3–5.5 (–6) cm; perianth-tube 6–9 mm, limb lobes 13–21 mm; filaments 3.3–4.4 mm; ovary 2–3.4 cm. 2n = 120. Phenology:
4 KB (603 words) - 06:14, 30 July 2020
on page 128. Mentioned on page 116, 120, 125, 139, 156, 159. Plants perennial, acaulescent, not stoloniferous, 5–20 cm; rhizome thick, fleshy. Leaves basal
7 KB (596 words) - 11:17, 30 July 2020
page 133. Mentioned on page 112, 116, 120, 134, 156, 159. Plants perennial, acaulescent, not stoloniferous, 2–15 cm; rhizome thick, fleshy. Leaves basal
7 KB (650 words) - 11:17, 30 July 2020
page 249. Mentioned on page 247, 250. Herbs. Stems ascending or erect, 50–120 cm, glaucous. Leaves: basal and proximal cauline 45–80 (–100) × 15–30 (–40)
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adaxially, leathery, basal blade (1–) 2.5–9.5 × (0.4–) 1–4.5 cm. Inflorescences pedunculate, 1–12 cm, glandular to stipitate-glandular, proximal branches sometimes
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FNA Volume 17. Treatment on page 120. Mentioned on page 110, 111, 112, 117. Stems ascending to erect, 14–40 (–60) cm, glabrous. Leaves basal and cauline
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page 219. Mentioned on page 188. Herbs. Stems ascending to erect, (15–) 30–120 cm, glabrous, sometimes glabrous proximally, glandular-pubescent distally,
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from roots. Fertile stems erect or suberect, (25–) 35–90 (–120) cm; sterile stems to 18 cm, usually absent. Leaves of fertile stems: blade linear to linear-lanceolate
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Treatment appears in FNA Volume 9. Treatment on page 300. Mentioned on page 119, 120, 122, 124, 274, 301, 304. Herbs, perennial, 1–6 dm; stoloniferous and rhizomatous
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Volume 20. Treatment on page 190. Mentioned on page 188, 191. Shrubs, 40–120 cm; with woody, freely branched caudices (not readily differentiated from young
7 KB (613 words) - 21:47, 29 July 2020
Treatment on page 142. Mentioned on page 125, 127, 139, 143. Stems erect, 30–65 cm, retrorsely hairy. Leaves basal and cauline or, sometimes, basal absent or
9 KB (670 words) - 19:10, 29 July 2020
Perennials, 60–120 cm (caudices stout). Stems erect, pilose to glandular-pubescent. Leaves: middle and distal cauline blades lanceolate-elliptic, 5–9 cm × 15–30
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Copyright: Utah State University Plants annual or biennial; tufted. Culms 30-120 cm, erect or decumbent. Sheaths usually densely, often retrorsely, hairy, hairs
5 KB (805 words) - 02:52, 30 July 2020
State University Plants perennial; cespitose, without rhizomes. Culms 40-120 cm tall, 0.8-1.2 mm thick, erect, unbranched; nodes nearly glabrous to densely
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Leaves basal; petiole sometimes indistinct, flattened, 2–4 cm; blade ovate to elliptic, 2–6 cm, ± fleshy, base cuneate to slightly attenuate, margins usually
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North America Association Plants 30–120 (–200) cm. Stems lax, sprawling or scandent. Leaves: petioles (0.5–) 1–3.5 (–4) cm; blades triangular-deltate, (1–)
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decumbent to decumbent-ascending, 2–35 cm. > 8 8 Stems procumbent or decumbent to decumbent-ascending, 3–10 cm; plants forming matted colonies; leaf blades
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rhizomes sometimes short-prolonged, appearing elongate in old clumps. Culms 15–120 cm; vegetative culms few, inconspicuous, usually fewer than 15 leaves, not
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Panicles 3-7 cm, erect, nearly cylindrical, contracted, congested, with (20) 30-80 (120) spikelets; nodes with 3-7 branches; branches 0.5-1.5 (4.5) cm, erect
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(Japan), Asia (Taiwan), Asia (Malaysia), Asia (and Indonesia) Species ca. 120 (8 in the flora). All species of Magnolia in the flora are cultivated. Many
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the largest genus in the family. The number of genera increases to over 120 if, as done by some Old World authors, segregates of Silene and other large
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America Association Plants not cespitose. Culms obtusely or acutely angled, 20–120 cm, glabrous. Leaves: basal sheaths redbrown; sheaths of proximal leaves bladeless
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North America Association Culms trigonous, scabrous-angled distally, 30–120 cm; vegetative culms somewhat taller. Leaves: basal sheaths brown; sheaths
5 KB (538 words) - 01:51, 30 July 2020
5–35 cm, smooth or scabrous distally; vegetative stems ascending to erect when young, becoming prostrate stolons at maturity, elongating to 120 cm. Leaves:
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loosely appressed, usually persistent. Leaves scattered to clustered, 5–30 cm; vernation noncircinate. Petiole usually dark-brown, rounded adaxially. Blade
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North America Association Plants (60–) 100–120 (–240) cm. Leaves: basal and proximal cauline 20–30 (–40) cm, proximal cauline blades hastate to deltate
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30–100 (–120) cm. Leaves: proximal blades usually entire, rarely serrate; mid and distal leaves entire. Heads 20–100 (–200+). Peduncles 2–5 (–7) cm. Involucres
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closely spaced, 15–75 cm. Petiole 0.5–1.5 mm diam., glabrous, occasionally glaucous. Blade lanceolate, pinnate, 10–45 × 4–15 cm, glabrous, gradually reduced
7 KB (595 words) - 00:24, 30 July 2020
Marjorie C. Leggitt Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants 40–60 (–120) dm. Leaves persistent; petiole 20–40 mm, villous adaxially when young, glabrescent;
5 KB (547 words) - 14:34, 30 July 2020
page 502. Mentioned on page 474, 500, 503, 509, 529. Perennials, (10–) 20–120 cm, colonial or cespitose; usually long-rhizomatous, sometimes with branched
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Treatment on page 155. Mentioned on page 110, 150, 151, 153, 157. Plants 25–150 cm; rhizomes short to long creeping, forming few to many-stemmed clones. Stems
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Bierner Treatment appears in FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 434. Plants 30–120 cm. Leaves: proximal and mid-blades serrate to undulate-serrate, glabrous or
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Mentioned on page 146, 158, 160, 168. Stems ascending, (10–) 50–65 (–80) cm, glabrous or puberulent to pubescent, not glaucous. Leaves basal and cauline
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254. Herbs. Stems ascending to erect, 43–140 cm, glaucous. Leaves: basal and proximal cauline (28–) 52–120 (–145) × (5–) 25–50 (–60) mm, blade ovate, base
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Mentioned on page 467, 468, 495, 500, 512. Perennials cespitose, (5–) 20–120 (–150+) cm; with stout, branched caudices, sometimes long-rhizomatous. Stems 1–5+
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Treatment on page 504. Mentioned on page 471, 500, 505. Perennials, 20–100 (–120) cm, cespitose; usually with short, stout, branched caudices, woody with age
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Volume 20. Treatment on page 363. Mentioned on page 362, 364. Perennials, 20–70 cm, colonial and cespitose, ± glaucous, sometimes stipitate-glandular distally;
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page 362. Mentioned on page 361. Perennials, densely cespitose, dwarf, 1–12 cm; caudices woody, branched, from stout taproots. Stems 1–5+, loosely erect
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to loose clumps, sometimes stoloniferous, sometimes rhizomatous. Culms 15-120 cm, erect or decumbent. Sheaths of the basal leaves closed, becoming fibrillose
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FNA Volume 25. Treatment on page 691. Plants annual; cespitose. Culms 20-120 cm, erect to decumbent, often rooting at the lower nodes, branching above the
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Mentioned on page 159, 161. Plants (forming diffuse clones) 15–80 (–150) cm; rhizomes creeping, slender. Stems 1 (at ends of rhizomes), ascending to erect
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North America Association Annuals. Stems creeping to decumbent, 10–50 (–60) cm, eglandular-hairy. Leaves: blade suborbiculate, broadly ovate, or broadly
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page 523. Mentioned on page 514, 524, 525, 535. Plants (20–) 40–110 (–180) cm. Corms globose to slightly elongate. Stems glabrous. Leaves: basal and lower
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Cindy Roché, Linda A. Vorobik Copyright: Utah State University Culms 20-120 cm. Panicles more than twice as long as wide, relatively contracted, usually
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biennial, or short-lived perennials; cespitose when perennial. Culms 25-120 (300) cm. Sheaths open; auricles usually present, 0.5-1 mm; ligules membranous
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Treatment appears in FNA Volume 9. Treatment on page 295. Mentioned on page 120, 122, 131, 274, 296, 297, 304. Shrubs, (0.2–) 1–10 (–16) dm; taprooted. Stems:
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Panicles 4-8 (16) cm long, 1.5-3 cm wide, ovate, with many branches; branches 3-7 cm, sharply ascending, capillary, naked basal portions 2-6 cm, puberulous,
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slender, 2.5–4 cm. Scape 2.7–5.5 m. Inflorescences narrowly paniculate, not bulbiferous, open; bracts persistent, triangular, 1–2+ cm; lateral branches
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America Association Rhizomes present. Cauline stems terete, without spots, 28–120 cm; nodal glands absent. Turions absent. Leaves both submersed and floating
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in FNA Volume 17. Treatment on page 552. Mentioned on page 551. Stems 4–120 cm; branches ascending, spreading, or arching. Flowers: calyx-tube 3–5 mm;
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Löve Treatment appears in FNA Volume 20. Treatment on page 44. Plants 50–120 cm. Leaves densely puberulent (more than 12 hairs/mm2), abaxially moderately
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21. Treatment on page 249. Mentioned on page 247, 248, 250. Annuals, to 100 cm (delicate or robust, sparsely villous). Stems erect. Leaves petiolate (proximal
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Patricia M. Eckel Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants to 20 cm, green to yellowish, brownish at base. Stems with axillary hairs 100–200 µm
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Patricia M. Eckel Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants to 50 cm, pale green, green, yellowish green, or golden brown. Stems slender to medium
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Treatment appears in FNA Volume 28. Treatment on page 121. Mentioned on page 120, 122, 125. Illustrator: Patricia M. Eckel Copyright: Flora of North America
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Association Perennials, 10–30 (–100+) cm. Stems simple or distally branched. Basal leaves: petioles 10–30 (–120) mm, expanding into obovate to spatulate
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Treatment on page 465. Mentioned on page 464, 466, 549. Perennials, 50–150+ cm. Stems (from short caudices or stout rhizomes) single, sparsely branched distally
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Mentioned on page 215, 219, 259. Perennials [annuals or biennials], 15–100+ cm; ± rhizomatous. Stems usually 1, usually erect, branched distally, glabrous
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appears in FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 248. Perennials (or annuals), 50–120 cm (usually glabrous, sometimes sparsely pubescent distally on peduncles).
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Vorobik Copyright: Flora of North America Association Annuals, (10–) 30–120+ cm. Leaf-blades ovate to elliptic, 30–180+ × 10–50 (–90+) mm, (1–) 2-pinnately
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Barbara Alongi Copyright: Flora of North America Association Perennials, 10–40 cm. Stems spreading to erect. Leaves all or mostly opposite (distal sometimes
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appears in FNA Volume 25. Treatment on page 63. Plants annual. Culms 13-120 cm, not woody. Ligules membranous, truncate, lacerate, sometimes ciliate; blades
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occasionally annual in desert areas; cespitose and shortly rhizomatous. Culms 5-120 cm, unbranched. Leaves mostly basal; ligules of hairs; blades 2-5 mm wide.
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linear, margins entire; petiole present; blade elliptic to obovate, 1–3.5 cm, herbaceous, leaflets 3–11, narrowly elliptic to obovate or rhombic, margins
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North America Association Perennials, 30–60 (–100+) cm. Leaf-blades ovate to lanceolate, 30–350+ × 20–120+ mm, margins usually crenate to serrate, sometimes
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page 221. Mentioned on page 218. Perennials [annuals, biennials], [2–] 10–120+ cm; taprooted. Stems usually 1, erect, branched distally or throughout, setose
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Volume 24. Treatment on page 351. Plants perennial; rhizomatous. Culms to 120 cm, glabrous. Leaves evenly distributed; sheaths open; auricles present; ligules
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to 35 cm (herbage not sweetly scented). Stems erect, branched distally, ± woolly, especially distally. Leaves broadly to narrowly linear, 20–120 × 1–10
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Treatment appears in FNA Volume 28. Treatment on page 121. Mentioned on page 120. Illustrator: Patricia M. Eckel Copyright: Flora of North America Association
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simple, (6–) 10–28 cm; leaf-blades suborbiculate or obovate, base not spurred; offsets not formed. Inflorescences panicles, 10–120-flowered, 3–20-branched;
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of North America Association Plants green, yellowish, or brown. Stems to 30 cm; sclerodermis very thick, cortical cell-walls firm; axillary hairs basal-cells
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Wilson-Ramsey Copyright: Flora of North America Association Perennials, 1–3 cm (± pulvinate). Stems ± erect; internodes 0.1–1 mm, ± strigose. Leaves basal
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9–3 (–4) dm. Rhizomal leaves 3-foliolate, 7–20 cm, leaflets petiolulate or subsessile; petiole 4–15 cm; lateral leaflets subsessile or petiolulate, blade
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(Johnny-jump-up), and V. ×wittrockiana Gams ex Nauenburg & Buttler (garden pansy). Over 120 species of Viola are grown as ornamentals (L. Watson and M. J. Dallwitz, http://delta-intkey
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Treatment on page 462. Mentioned on page 459, 461, 470, 471. Perennials, 30–200 cm. Stems erect, usually not branched proximal to arrays of heads (from caudices
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Panicles (10) 15-45 cm long, 15-25 cm wide, diffuse, subpyramidal, often included in the uppermost sheath; primary branches 1.5-13 cm, spreading 30-90° from
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134. Plants 50–120 cm; rhizomes short, caudexlike. Stems 1–5, sparsely to moderately strigoso-puberulent. Leaves: basal petioles 3–5 cm, blades oblanceolate
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Treatment on page 136. Mentioned on page 105, 108. Biennials or perennials, 25–120 cm, pubescence a mixture of fine, non-septate arachnoid trichomes and coarser
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University Plants densely to loosely cespitose, without rhizomes. Culms 60-120 (150) cm, glabrous, smooth. Sheaths closed for about 3/4 their length, slowly
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50-120 cm; internodes not glaucous; branches mostly erect, straight. Sheaths smooth; ligules 0.2-0.5 mm, ciliate, cilia 0.2-0.8 mm; blades 10-22 cm long
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Treatment on page 596. Mentioned on page 594, 597. Plants (20–) 30–100 (–120) cm; rhizomes contorted. Stems 1 (–2). Leaves: ocrea brown, cylindric, 15–50
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Copyright: Flora of North America Association Perennials or subshrubs, 50–120 (–150) cm, strongly tarragon-scented or not aromatic; rhizomatous, caudices coarse
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Copyright: Utah State University Plants perennial; loosely cespitose. Culms 60-120 cm tall, to 3 mm thick, erect, glabrous or puberulent. Sheaths usually smooth
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cespitose. Culms 60-120 cm; nodes pilose, with appressed hairs. Sheaths glabrous or hispid; ligules 1-2 mm, hispid; blades 15-30 cm long, 6-15 mm wide,
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obovate to obpyramidal. Culms 60-250 cm; internodes not glaucous. Sheaths smooth; ligules 0.6-1 mm; blades 20-70 cm long, 2-7 mm wide, usually glabrous
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Volume 6. Treatment on page 120. Mentioned on page 116, 138, 139. Plants perennial, acaulescent, not stoloniferous, 5–15 cm; rhizome slender, becoming thick
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Pazdírková, And Christine Roberts Copyright: Utah State University Culms 80-120 cm; nodes glabrous or pubescent; internodes hollow, even immediately below
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University Culms to 120 cm; nodes pilose; internodes mostly hollow, solid for 1 cm below the spikes. Blades 6-7 mm wide, pubescent. Spikes 4-9 cm, strongly flattened
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loosely cespitose; rhizomes short, no more than 10 cm. Culms trigonous in cross-section, 50–120 cm, scabrous distally. Leaves: basal sheaths pale-brown;
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Treatment on page 127. Mentioned on page 112, 117, 120. Plants perennial, caulescent, not stoloniferous, 2–40 cm. Stems 1–5, ascending to erect, glabrous, on
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Treatment on page 125. Mentioned on page 115, 120, 128. Plants perennial, acaulescent, not stoloniferous, 5–30 cm; rhizome thick, fleshy. Leaves basal, 5–9
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mm, densely ciliate; blades 15-20 cm long, 7-15 mm wide, flat, adaxial surface scabrous. Panicles 10-30 cm long, 1-2 cm wide, uniformly thick from the base
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Illustrator: John Myers Copyright: Flora of North America Association Stems 50-120 cm; base often reddish, puberulent, midstems glabrous to subglabrous. Leaves
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5–2(–2.5) cm; sepals (8–)12–19 mm; petals (15–)20–30 mm. Ludwigia hexapetala 5 Emergent plant generally villous and viscid; petioles 0.1–1.1 cm; sepals 6–12(–16)
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506. Mentioned on page 468, 500, 502, 504, 509, 525. Perennials, 40–120 (–200) cm, cespitose; short-rhizomatous or with stout, branched caudices. Stems
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rhombic, elliptic, or linear to lanceolate, ovate, or suborbiculate, 1–10 cm, membranous, chartaceous, or coriaceous, margins flat, serrate to serrulate
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Vorobik Copyright: Utah State University Plants perennial; cespitose. Culms 40-120 cm tall, 2-3 mm thick, decumbent to erect, branching from the base and the
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undifferentiated; endosperm abundant, cellular, fleshy. Nearly worldwide Genera ca. 120, species ca. 4100 (46 genera, 212 species in the flora). The closest relatives
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tubercles usually verrucose (warty) Rumex pulcher 62 Stems 60-120(-150) cm; leaf blades 20-40 cm; inflorescence branches less spreading (normally forming angle
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cespitose. Culms 50-120 cm, erect; nodes glabrous. Sheaths glabrous, sparsely pubescent apically; ligules 2-5 mm; blades to 21 cm long, 2-5 mm wide, flat
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rhizomatous. Culms 40-120 cm, erect; nodes glabrous or pubescent. Sheaths glabrous or pubescent; ligules 1.5-3.8 mm; blades to 37 cm long, 2-9.3 mm wide
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123. Illustrator: Cindy Roché Copyright: Utah State University Culms 32-120 cm tall, 0.8-1.3 (2) mm thick, basal internodes puberulent to pubescent. Basal
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Cindy Roché Copyright: Utah State University Plants perennial. Culms 45-120 (180) cm tall. Sheaths usually sparsely retrorsely pilose throughout, ranging
7 KB (965 words) - 02:52, 30 July 2020
Plants perennial; rhizomatous. Culms 60-120 cm, erect; nodes glabrous. Sheaths glabrous; ligules 0.5-3 mm; blades to 50 cm long, 0.2-2 (8) mm wide, involute
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fasciculate or 1 per node; petiole 0.5–2 cm, tomentose to floccose; blade narrowly oblong to narrowly ovate, 1–3 × 0.5–2 cm, densely tomentose on both surfaces
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Culms 10-150 cm, erect or decumbent; nodes glabrous. Sheaths glabrous; ligules 0.3-1.2 mm, often with a row of hairs behind them; blades 5-30 cm long, 2-8
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Hana Pazdírková, Linda A. Vorobik Copyright: Utah State University Culms 40-120 cm, to 1 mm thick at the nodes, rarely branched, leafy for 80% of their height
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rhizomes short, knotty. Culms 30-120 cm; nodes glabrous. Sheaths glabrous; ligules shorter than 1 mm, of hairs; blades to 25 cm long, 2-8 mm wide, flat, scabrous
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sometimes rhizomatous. Basal branching intra and extravaginal. Culms 25-120 cm, terete or weakly compressed; nodes terete or slightly compressed. Sheaths
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rhizomatous. Culms 80-210 cm, erect; nodes glabrous or pubescent. Sheaths glabrous or pubescent; ligules 1.2-3.3 mm; blades to 52 cm long, 3-18 mm wide, flat
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Treatment on page 120. Mentioned on page 119. Illustrator: John Myers Copyright: Flora of North America Association Shrubs, forming mats, 15–30 cm. Roots diffuse
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Plants cespitose; rhizomes appearing elongate only in old clumps. Culms 25–120 cm; vegetative culms few, inconspicuous, usually fewer than 15 leaves, not
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to broadly elliptic, 5.5–10.5 × 3–8 cm, margins deeply 1–4 subpalmately lobed, lobes ± triangular, (1–) 1.5–2.5 cm wide, basal sinuses deepest, margins
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Association Plants colonial; rhizomes long-creeping. Culms lateral, trigonous, 40–120 cm, smooth or nearly so. Leaves: basal sheaths reddish purple, fibrillose,
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rosettes, ovoid, 50–120 cm, glabrous; proximal branches to 15 cm; bracts erect, distal reduced; peduncle 0.8–1.6 m, less than 2.5 cm diam. Flowers pendent;
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(–6) cm diam. Peduncles 6–26 cm. Phyllaries linear-lanceolate, 14–20 mm, lengths about 2/3 rays, apices filiform. Ray corollas 18–27 mm. 2n = 120. Phenology:
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leaflet axils and petiole bases hairy, hairs rufous. Panicles 25–120+-flowered, rounded, 3–11 cm diam.; peduncles glabrous or sparsely hairy. Pedicels glabrous
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cespitose, not rhizomatous, usually glaucous. Culms usually (40) 60-100 (120) cm, erect or the bases somewhat decumbent; nodes 4-8, usually exposed, glabrous
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University Plants cespitose, not rhizomatous, usually glaucous. Culms 40-120 cm, erect or slightly decumbent; nodes 4-8, mostly exposed, glabrous. Leaves
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Treatment on page 518. Mentioned on page 469, 501, 515. Perennials, 20–120 cm, colonial; long-rhizomatous. Stems 1– (2–3), ascending to erect (straight)
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occasionally somewhat grayish in the upper part, brown proximally. Stems 3–4 (–11) cm, ascending to erect, almost unbranched to dichotomously branched, rarely more
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Bee F. Gunn Copyright: Flora of North America Association Perennials, 30–120 cm, cespitose; with herbaceous or thick, woody, sometimes cormoid caudices
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or brownish green in the distal part, brown proximally. Stems (1–) 2–5 (–7) cm, creeping, curved-ascending to erect, irregularly branched or almost simple
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Inflorescences terminal, 2-9-flowered cymes or umbels, or flowers solitary, to 60 cm; involucres present, often with primary involucres subtending inflorescences
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not stoloniferous, not rhizomatous. Basal branching extravaginal. Culms 50-120 cm, stout. Sheaths closed for 1/2 - 3/4 their length, distinctly compressed
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20. Treatment on page 132. Mentioned on page 128, 129, 130. Plants 75–150 cm; caudices branching. Stems 1, erect, glabrous proximal to (and usually into
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FNA Volume 9. Treatment on page 438. Mentioned on page 435, 439. Trees, 30–120 dm. Stems single or multistemmed; bark gray; winter buds brownish to purple
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axillary shoots below 1st-order inflorescence, or at proximal nodes, 40–80 (–120) cm. Leaf-blades with lateral-veins forming angle of 40–60° with midvein, lanceolate
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Illustrator: John Myers Copyright: Flora of North America Association Shrubs, 80–120 cm. Stems single, greenish when young, becoming whitish to gray, fastigiately
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or at proximal nodes, 50–90 (–120) cm. Leaf-blades ovatelanceolate, elliptic-lanceolate, or lanceolate, 10–15 × 3–5.5 cm, usually ca. 2.5–4 times as long
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Copyright: Utah State University Plants loosely cespitose. Culms 40-100 (120) cm, glabrous, erect or slightly decumbent at the base. Sheaths closed for less
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20. Treatment on page 532. Mentioned on page 476, 534. Perennials, 40–100 cm, colonial or cespitose; long-rhizomatous. Stems 1–5+, ascending to erect,
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without rusty mottling, dirty brown, or rarely blackish green. Stems to 15 cm, usually leafy throughout or with shredded bases or denuded in older extremities
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Mentioned on page 119, 120. Illustrator: John Myers Copyright: Flora of North America Association Shrubs, forming mats, widely spreading, 5–15 cm, in series of
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Volume 24. Treatment on page 443. Plants perennial; unisexual. Culms 30-120 cm. Sheaths closed only at the base; auricles absent; ligules membranous; blades
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(–8) dm. Basal leaves (often withered by fruiting); blade oblanceolate, 2–10 cm × (0.2–) 0.5–1.5 (–2.4) mm, base attenuate, margins dentate, apex acute. Cauline
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distal 2/3 (sometimes with few flowering-stems from rootstock), 30–80 (–120) cm. Leaves: ocrea deciduous to partially persistent at maturity; blade oblong-lanceolate
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Volume 21. Treatment on page 272. Mentioned on page 271, 273. Plants 20–120 cm (sometimes robust); self-incompatible (herbage glaucescent, acrid-scented)
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yellowish, reddish, or slightly purplish brown at maturity. Culms usually 60-120 cm; nodes usually 4-8, concealed or exposed; auricles and ligules usually poorly
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rhizome. Stems erect, branched above middle (only in inflorescence), 50–100 cm. Leaves: ocrea deciduous or partially persistent at maturity; blade with large
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Plants in loose to dense tufts, green to yellowish green, glossy. Stems 2–8 cm, densely tomentose with white to reddish-brown rhizoids. Leaves falcate-secund
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Flora of North America Association Culms trigonous in cross-section, 40–120 cm; vegetative culms hard, solid with parenchyma, taller than fertile culms
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bluish tinge, fading to yellowish green, then brownish stramineous. Stems to 7 cm, creeping but ascending from substrate, terete-foliate, irregularly branched
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green, often yellow, or dull yellowish green with golden mottling. Stems to 12 cm, often denuded from base or bearing persistent, shredded leaf-bases, rarely
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25–120 cm. Leaves 5–10, along length of stem, alternate, ascending to spreading; blade elliptic-lanceolate to broadly elliptic, 5–16 × 1.5–6.5 cm. Flowers
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Association Plants 30–120 cm. Stems villoso-hirsute to hirsute, eglandular. Leaves: basal and proximal cauline oblanceolate, mostly 6–20 cm; cauline gradually
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page 120, 123. Illustrator: Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey Copyright: Flora of North America Association Stems slender and delicate, not branching, 3–15 cm. Leaves:
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rounded, cartilaginous; blade 7–45 cm x 1–2 mm, terete, not scabrous. Inflorescences terminal panicles of 70–120 heads, 6–10 cm, branches ascending; primary
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FNA Volume 2. Leaves monomorphic or weakly subdimorphic, 10–30 cm. Blade 4-pinnate, 3–12 cm, nearly as wide as long, thin to thick. Ultimate segments narrowly
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Endemic Basionym: Onychium densum Brackenridge in Wilkes, U.S. Expl. Exped. 16: 120, plate 13, fig. 2. 1854, 1855 Synonyms: Cheilanthes siliquosa Maxon Pellaea
4 KB (388 words) - 00:25, 30 July 2020
in FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 120. Mentioned on page 66, 118, 119. Perennials, 10–25 cm (roots swollen, 6–10 cm). Stems ± subterranean (except peduncles)
4 KB (540 words) - 23:11, 29 July 2020
Leaves sessile; blade terete, 1–2.5 cm. Inflorescences cymose, much overtopping leaves; peduncle scapelike, to 12 cm. Flowers: sepals deciduous, often pinkish
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genusBrotherella speciesBrotherella recurvans (Michaux) M. Fleischer Nova Guinea 12: 120. 1914. Wilfred B. Schofield† Endemic Basionym: Leskea recurvans Michaux Fl
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annual. Culms 14-180 cm, solitary or branched at the base; internodes usually hollow throughout in hexaploids, usually solid for about 1 cm below the spike
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than 20 cm, with 1-3 spikelets on the distal 1/2, sometimes confined to the tips; culms 3-7 mm thick. > 3 3 Lower panicle branches shorter than 20 cm, spreading
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rhizomatous, sometimes subcespitose, rhizomes scaly, sparingly branched. Culms 30-120 cm, erect, stiff, usually unbranched, with 2-3 nodes, not narrowed below the
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page 208. Annuals, (30–) 50–120 cm. Leaves sessile or petioles 10–50 mm (winged); blades lance-elliptic to lance-oblong, 80–120 (–250) × 30–100 mm (proximal
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page 306. Perennials. Stems erect, usually with 10–20 nodes, (50–) 70–120 (–150) cm, proximal 1/2 glabrous, distal 1/2 eglandular-hairy with some glandular-hairs
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[perennials], (10–) 50–100 [–250] cm. Leaves: petioles 20–40 mm; blades deltate or lanceolate to lance-linear overall, (30–) 50–120 (–220) × 10–50 (–150) mm, sometimes
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Annuals, (15–) 30–50 (–150) cm. Leaves: petioles 10–50 mm; blades ± deltate to ovate overall, 50–100 (–150+) × (15–) 30–80 (–120+) mm, usually laciniately
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Volume 20. Treatment on page 353. Mentioned on page 17. Perennials, 30–200+ cm (rhizomatous, stoloniferous, or with basal offshoots). Stems erect to ascending
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Plants perennial; cespitose from knotty bases or rhizomatous. Culms 10-350 cm, erect, terete, solitary or in small to large clumps. Leaves mostly cauline;
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Leaves monomorphic, evergreen, (0.5–) 1–3 cm apart, 35–120 (–165) cm. Petiole straw-colored, 15–60 (–80) cm × 2–7 mm, at base sparsely set with brownish
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appears in FNA Volume 3. Stems 120-180 cm, sparsely puberulent, glandular, or lanate. Leaves: petiole angled, to 40 cm, deeply and broadly grooved adaxially
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Volume 6. Treatment on page 120. Mentioned on page 119, 135. Plants erect, usually appearing small and tufted, 1.8–4.5 (–6.5) cm. Basal leaves: blade ovate
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Association Culms to 125 cm. Leaves: sheaths glaucous, fronts indistinctly veined, veins not persisting, apex thin, concave; blades 120 cm × 10 mm, glabrous or
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FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 502. Mentioned on page 493. Shrubs, 60–120 cm. Stems much branched, pubescent, glanddotted. Leaves alternate; petioles
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appears in FNA Volume 2. Leaves monomorphic, dying back in winter, 35–120 × 15–40 cm. Petiole 1/3 length of leaf, scaly at base; scales scattered, dark,
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Treatment appears in FNA Volume 26. Treatment on page 131. Mentioned on page 120, 130. Illustrator: Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey Copyright: Flora of North America
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Treatment on page 291. Plants in slender strands, green to yellowbrown. Stems 3–6 cm, stiff, sparingly branched. Leaves erect to widespreading, often transversely
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nodum Treatment appears in FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 82. Plants 50–150 cm. Leaves: basal caducous; cauline opposite or alternate; faces hirsute, hispid
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