Launaea

Cassini in F. Cuvier

in F. Cuvier, Dict. Sci. Nat. ed. 2, 25: 61, 321. 1822.

Etymology: For J. Cl. M. Mordant de Launay, 1750–1816, lawyer, later librarian at Musée d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris
Synonyms: Brachyramphus de Candolle
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 19. Treatment on page 272. Mentioned on page 214, 215, 216, 217, 219.
 TaxonIllustrator 
FNA19 P25 Launaea intybacea.jpegLaunaea intybacea
Sonchus asper
Sonchus oleraceus
Arnoseris minima
Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey
Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey
Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey
Barbara Alongi

Annuals or biennials [perennials, shrubs, sometimes spiny], [5–] 30–150 cm; usually taprooted [stoloniferous]. Stems erect [prostrate], distally branched, glabrous [± hairy]. Leaves basal or basal and proximally cauline; petiolate or sessile; blades ± oblanceolate, often pinnately lobed, ultimate margins usually dentate (teeth usually ± prickly; faces glabrous [± hairy]). Heads in spiciform or racemiform to paniculiform arrays [borne singly]. Peduncles not inflated distally, bracteolate. Calyculi 0 (or bractlets intergrading with phyllaries). Involucres cylindric [urceolate, campanulate, or obconic], 3–5 [–16] mm diam. Phyllaries (persistent, reflexed in fruit) 18–25 in 3–5+ series, unequal, ovate to lanceolate (outer) or linear (inner), margins scarious, apices obtuse to acuminate (faces glabrous [± hairy]). Receptacles flat to convex, epaleate. Florets 25–30; corollas yellow to ochroleucous [cyanic]. Cypselae blackish to grayish, cylindric to fusiform or ± prismatic, sometimes ± compressed, beaks 0 (or lengths 0.05–0.1 times bodies), 4–5-ribbed (or grooved), ribs usually muricate, faces glabrous; pappi persistent or tardily falling [readily falling], double [simple], of 60–100+, outer, white, often ± coiled or crisped (frizzy) hairs or bristles in 2–3 series plus 80–120+, white, coarser, barbellulate to smooth bristles in 2–3+ series, all distinct or some basally connate. x = 9.

Distribution

Introduced; Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America, also in Europe, n Africa, Atlantic Islands, sw, c Asia

Discussion

Species ca. 50 (1 in the flora).

Lower Taxa

"fine" is not a number.

... more about "Launaea"
obtuse;acuminate +
scarious +
ovate +  and lanceolate +
racemiform +  and paniculiform +
indeterminate +  and determinate +
R. David Whetstone +  and Kristin R. Brodeur +
Cassini in F. Cuvier +
decurrent +
compound +  and simple +
lobed;oblanceolate +
tuberculate +, rugose +, muricate +  and smooth +
filiform +
connate +, some +  and distinct +
zygomorphic +, actinomorphic +  and (3-)5-merous +
yellow +  and ochroleucous +
blackish +  and grayish +
compressed +, cylindric +  and fusiform or more or less prismatic +
Mexico +, West Indies +, Central America +, South America +, also in Europe +, n Africa +, Atlantic Islands +, sw +  and c Asia +
For J. Cl. M. Mordant de Launay, 1750–1816, lawyer, later librarian at Musée d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris +
winged +  and beaked +
dispersed +
crisped +
indeterminate +
each +  and sessile +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
sessile +  and petiolate +
cauline +  and basal +
divided +, lobed +  and dentate +
2-carpellate +
barbellulate +  and smooth +
persistent +
connate +  and distinct +
18 +  and 25 +
in F. Cuvier, Dict. Sci. Nat. ed. +
bearing subulate enations +, hairy +  and bristly +
flat;convex +
kilian1997a +
muricate +
exalbuminous +
appendaged +  and truncate +
papillate +
Brachyramphus +
Launaea +
Asteraceae tribe Cichorieae +
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (30 cm300 mm <br />0.3 m <br />) +
biennial +  and annual +
30 cm300 mm <br />0.3 m <br /> (150 cm1,500 mm <br />1.5 m <br />) +
shrub +  and subshrub +