(2–) 20–500 cm. Leaves usually mostly cauline, rarely mostly basal; mostly opposite (distal often alternate) or mostly alternate, rarely whorled; petiolate
10 KB (633 words) - 23:14, 29 July 2020
in ± 2 series (usually distinct, rarely connate ± 1/10 their lengths, mostly oblong to linear, ± membranous, margins ± scarious). Receptacles flat to convex
12 KB (827 words) - 23:22, 29 July 2020
usually glabrous, sometimes stipitate-glandular (mostly distally). Leaves basal and cauline or mostly cauline; basal usually petiolate (petioles usually
9 KB (535 words) - 20:13, 29 July 2020
intergrading with distal peduncular bracts, mostly 1/5–1/2+ times phyllaries), sometimes 0. Involucres mostly cylindric or turbinate to campanulate, 5–15
30 KB (1,295 words) - 21:10, 29 July 2020
Leaves mostly basal or mostly cauline; usually opposite (distal sometimes alternate); petiolate or sessile; blades (often 3-nerved or 5-nerved) mostly deltate
10 KB (606 words) - 23:21, 29 July 2020
series and orbiculate to oblong, lance-oblong, lanceolate, or linear, unequal, or (with calyculi) 12–25+ in 2–3 series and oblong or lanceolate to linear
16 KB (748 words) - 20:19, 29 July 2020
usually distinct, sometimes connate 0.05–0.1 their lengths, mostly oblong or ovate to lance-oblong, chartaceous to membranous or scarious (usually striate
22 KB (1,036 words) - 23:27, 29 July 2020
mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, 4–6 in 1–2 series, erect, distinct, mostly oblong to ovate or lanceolate, equal or subequal, margins obscurely scarious
10 KB (537 words) - 21:25, 29 July 2020
5–13 [–20] mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, mostly 21–35+ in 3–5 series, distinct, deltate to lanceolate, oblong, or elliptic, unequal, margins and apices
8 KB (572 words) - 20:51, 29 July 2020
petiolate; blades deltate to ovate or oblong (in broad outline), usually 1–2-ternately lobed (lobes mostly oblong to obovate), ultimate margins entire or
6 KB (557 words) - 00:03, 30 July 2020
5–7 mm. Peduncles 0 or very rarely 1–2 mm. Phyllaries in 3–6 series, mostly oblong-obovate, unequal, essentially glabrous, margins without hyaline borders
6 KB (522 words) - 22:53, 29 July 2020
distinct, erect, mostly oblong or ovate, equal, membranous. Receptacles concave to flat, paleate; paleae similar to phyllaries, oblong or oval to lanceolate
8 KB (547 words) - 23:29, 29 July 2020
10–34+, pistillate, fertile; corollas white [seldom pinkish], laminae mostly oblong. Disc-florets 300–500, bisexual, fertile; corollas yellow [greenish]
10 KB (898 words) - 20:53, 29 July 2020
America Association Annuals or perennials, 3–6 dm. Phyllaries (8–) 12–16, mostly oblong to ovate or obovate. Rays 0. Disc-florets 15–30; corollas white or pinkish
4 KB (559 words) - 00:02, 30 July 2020
and proximal cauline) or sessile (distal); blades (pinnately nerved) mostly oblong to lanceolate, usually 1 (–2) -pinnately lobed, bases ± cuneate, ultimate
7 KB (580 words) - 23:04, 29 July 2020
Involucres cylindric, 11–15 × 4–7 mm. Phyllaries in 3–4 series, mostly oblong to oblong-oblanceolate, unequal, essentially glabrous, margins with hyaline
7 KB (645 words) - 22:54, 29 July 2020
1–2 series, erect, distinct (margins interlocking) [connate at bases], mostly oblong or lanceolate to linear, subequal, margins usually ± scarious (tips greenish
7 KB (484 words) - 21:22, 29 July 2020
Trophophores ascending to perpendicular to stem, sessile or stalked; blades linear, oblong, or deltate, simple to 5-pinnate, 4–25 × 1–35 cm. Pinnae (reduced to segments
19 KB (579 words) - 15:29, 15 December 2020
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 479. Leaf-blades mostly oblong to oblong-lanceolate, bases cordate to truncate (often subauriculate), margins
2 KB (404 words) - 22:45, 29 July 2020
rostellum lobes mostly parallel to slightly diverging, directed downward, minute, obscure; pollinia remaining enclosed in anther sacs; viscidia mostly quadrangular
7 KB (533 words) - 05:25, 30 July 2020
(usually convex and without prominent midnerves) outermost linear-oblong and mostly green, oblong-lanceolate, subequal to unequal, white-indurate proximally,
7 KB (543 words) - 21:29, 29 July 2020
whorled, distally alternate; petiolate (at least basal) or sessile; blades mostly lance-linear, oblanceolate, ovate, or spatulate, margins entire, lobed,
9 KB (598 words) - 00:03, 30 July 2020
wrote: “Like 4 [i.e., A. hortensis] but the leaves white beneath; bracteoles oblong-cordate, conspicuously reticulate-veined.” Specimens having at least some
45 KB (1,022 words) - 09:34, 30 July 2020
sessile-glandular). Leaves basal and cauline or mostly cauline; alternate; usually sessile; blades mostly narrowly lanceolate to oblanceolate, bases often
17 KB (673 words) - 20:34, 29 July 2020
depressed-ovoid or napiform, sometimes elongated, becoming rhizomes, roots all or mostly adventitious). Stems erect, simple or basally branched. Leaves basal and
24 KB (826 words) - 22:52, 29 July 2020
5 mm. Stem mostly branched; axillary hyaline nodules absent; central strand present. Leaves as many as 60 pairs, somewhat undulate, oblong to lanceolate
9 KB (726 words) - 06:53, 30 July 2020
Stems decumbent or procumbent (rooting at nodes). Leaf-blades usually oblong to oblong-lanceolate or oblanceolate to ovate, sometimes triangular, 2.5–5 (–11)
4 KB (428 words) - 22:45, 29 July 2020
glabrous abaxially. Basal segments of pinnules opposite; ultimate segments mostly oblong-ovate, base inequilaterally cuneate, margins incised-dentate. Sori globose
5 KB (397 words) - 00:29, 30 July 2020
sparsely lanate. Leaves mostly basal; blades narrowly spatulate, 2–6 cm, margins lobed or toothed (lobes or teeth mostly oblong), faces sparsely lanate
5 KB (609 words) - 22:30, 29 July 2020
stipitate-glands mostly 0.3–1 mm, often variable, stalks broadened toward bases, about equaling gland widths). Leaf-blades mostly oblong-lanceolate, 2.5–7
5 KB (535 words) - 20:34, 29 July 2020
Involucres turbinate, 6–8 × 5–7 mm. Phyllaries in 3–4 (–5) series, mostly oblong, unequal, essentially glabrous, margins with hyaline borders (0.2–0.4
6 KB (492 words) - 22:55, 29 July 2020
tepals white or slightly greenish white, 4–5 × 2–2.5 cm. Berries mostly erect, oblong, 6-winged or 6-ribbed, 2.5–4.5 cm. Phenology: Flowering spring. Habitat:
4 KB (518 words) - 06:11, 30 July 2020
setose). Leaves basal and cauline or mostly cauline (at flowering); sessile or petiolate; blades orbiculate, ovate, oblong, or lanceolate to oblanceolate, linear
10 KB (574 words) - 20:12, 29 July 2020
(± pinnately nerved) elongate-deltate, lanceolate, lyrate, oblanceolate, oblong, obovate, ovate, or spatulate, sometimes pinnately lobed to pinnatifid (usually
12 KB (738 words) - 23:03, 29 July 2020
strongly crispate when dry, ovate to linear-lanceolate; vaginant laminae mostly acute, equal, ending on or near margin, or unequal, minor lamina ending
33 KB (1,761 words) - 06:53, 30 July 2020
perennials, 10–70 [–150] cm. Stems erect, branched. Leaves basal and cauline; mostly alternate (proximal opposite); petiolate; blades 2-ternately [pinnately]
7 KB (564 words) - 00:02, 30 July 2020
Leaves basal and cauline or mostly cauline; alternate; petiolate (proximal) or sessile (distal); cauline blades 1-nerved, oblong, obovate, oblanceolate, or
23 KB (1,525 words) - 22:29, 29 July 2020
sometimes sessile; blade usually reduced distally, usually linear to lanceolate, oblong, or obovate, rarely deltate, with 1 [or 2] ± conspicuous submarginal vein
30 KB (1,654 words) - 21:01, 7 June 2022
protandrous and subsessile on short pedicellar joints; anthers are mostly linear-oblong or oblong-elliptic, two- to four-sporangiate, bilocular; style base is
10 KB (485 words) - 01:32, 30 July 2020
stipitate-glandular, sometimes lightly villous as well. Leaf-blades mostly narrowly oblong-lanceolate, 4–10 cm × 5–10 (–20) mm (relatively even-sized distally)
5 KB (538 words) - 20:35, 29 July 2020
Phyllaries (in 3–4 series) 1–1.3 mm wide, unequal, pilose-ciliate; outer mostly green, oblong, blunt, inner spatulate or linear-oblanceolate. Ray-florets 6–10;
9 KB (798 words) - 21:33, 29 July 2020
asterids (sympetaly, stamen number equal to petal number, stamen epipetaly, mostly 2–3-carpellate gynoecia); campanulids (early sympetaly), comprising eight
275 KB (5,940 words) - 15:30, 15 December 2020
incompletely annular, surrounding copious farinose perisperm. Worldwide, mostly tropics, subtropics, warm-temperate zones Species ca. 32 (10 in the flora)
15 KB (986 words) - 09:28, 30 July 2020
Leaves sessile; blades (thick, reticulate-veined) oblong to elliptic, lanceovate, or ovate, mostly 3–10 (–13) × 1–4 cm (bases clasping), margins denticulate
7 KB (639 words) - 20:43, 29 July 2020
cauline; alternate; petiolate or sessile; blades mostly elliptic, filiform, lanceolate, linear, oblong, ovate, or spatulate, often 1–2-pinnately or ternately
13 KB (688 words) - 22:34, 29 July 2020
petiolate, sometimes sessile; blades mostly cordate, deltate, elliptic, lanceolate, linear, oblanceolate, oblong, obovate, ovate, rhombic, or spatulate
17 KB (818 words) - 23:57, 29 July 2020
shrubs, (3–) 10–200 (–400+) [2500+] cm. Leaves usually cauline, sometimes mostly basal, or basal and cauline; opposite, alternate, or both; petiolate or
21 KB (800 words) - 22:59, 29 July 2020
in Coreopsis auriculata). Leaves usually cauline (sometimes mostly basal); usually mostly opposite (distal sometimes alternate), rarely whorled; petiolate
12 KB (744 words) - 23:22, 29 July 2020
awns, and/or scales (scales often aristate). Nearly worldwide, mostly in Old World, mostly at temperate latitudes, some species widely Genera ca. 100, species
30 KB (805 words) - 20:06, 29 July 2020
subshrubs, or shrubs (herbage often aromatic). Leaves usually cauline, sometimes mostly basal; alternate [opposite]; usually petiolate, sometimes sessile; margins
23 KB (1,089 words) - 20:43, 29 July 2020
locular, placentation free-central, basal, or axile in proximal half; ovules mostly campylotropous, bitegmic, crassinucellate; styles 1-5 (-6), distinct or
29 KB (1,113 words) - 10:14, 30 July 2020
perennials, subshrubs, shrubs, or trees. Leaves usually cauline, sometimes mostly basal; alternate [opposite, whorled]; usually petiolate, sometimes sessile;
79 KB (1,886 words) - 20:55, 29 July 2020
to spreading, deltate; style-branch appendages mostly deltate (papillate). Cypselae (tan) oblong to oblong-obovoid, compressed to flattened, 2 (–4) -nerved
97 KB (2,063 words) - 21:58, 29 July 2020
Leaves usually cauline, sometimes mostly basal or basal and cauline; usually wholly or partly opposite, sometimes mostly whorled or alternate; usually petiolate
30 KB (1,803 words) - 22:30, 29 July 2020
lingulate, often channeled or keeled, rarely concave, mostly ca. 1.5–3.5 mm; base usually ovate to oblong, occasionally sheathing the stem; margins usually
28 KB (882 words) - 07:00, 30 July 2020
cauline or mostly cauline; alternate; petiolate or sessile; blades mostly deltate, elliptic, lanceolate, linear, lyrate, oblanceolate, oblong, ovate, pandurate
9 KB (600 words) - 23:53, 29 July 2020
lanceovate, lance-rhombic, linear, oblong, obovate, ovate, rhombic-ovate, spatulate, or suborbiculate, margins mostly crenate, dentate, entire, laciniate-dentate
17 KB (617 words) - 22:47, 29 July 2020
erect-spreading to patent when wet, lanceolate to ovatelanceolate, less often ovate, oblong-ovate, linear, or lingulate, keeled, canaliculate, to broadly concave, smooth
13 KB (824 words) - 06:47, 30 July 2020
usually lobed to dissected, sometimes dentate or entire (usually spiny). Heads mostly homogamous (usually discoid, sometimes disciform or radiant, then peripheral
15 KB (836 words) - 20:05, 29 July 2020
usually 3-nerved (1-nerved in H. eggertii, H. smithii, and H. maximiliani), mostly deltate, lance-linear, lanceolate, lanceovate, linear, or ovate, bases cordate
32 KB (1,118 words) - 23:14, 29 July 2020
scales (scales often aristate) or awns, sometimes of bristles and scales. Mostly subtropics, tropics, and warm-temperate New World, also in Old World Genera
17 KB (728 words) - 22:41, 29 July 2020
bases, or pinnately nerved, mostly deltate or ovate to lanceolate or linear (and intermediate shapes, sometimes elliptic, oblong, rhombic, or suborbiculate
17 KB (791 words) - 22:42, 29 July 2020
linear to oblong or deltate, often papillate at recurved or hooded apex; stamens 6, exserted, attached atop or within perianth-tube; filaments mostly filiform;
24 KB (1,110 words) - 06:12, 30 July 2020
subshrubs, or shrubs [perennials], mostly 10–80 (–200) cm. Stems erect, branched distally or ± throughout. Leaves cauline; mostly opposite (distal sometimes alternate);
11 KB (696 words) - 15:28, 15 December 2020
occasionally distally uniparous due to suppression of secondary branches; branches mostly dichotomous except for initial trichotomous node, not brittle or disarticulating
22 KB (1,627 words) - 10:29, 30 July 2020
clonal. Rootstock usually brownish to whitish, usually not exfoliating. Stems mostly erect, sometimes laxly so, or decumbent, prostrate, or creeping. Leaves
16 KB (1,157 words) - 21:03, 7 June 2022
cm. Leaves cauline; opposite or alternate; petiolate or sessile; blades mostly deltate to ovate or lanceolate overall, sometimes cordate, linear, reniform
7 KB (521 words) - 23:47, 29 July 2020
7, 8, 9, 10 (polyploidy widespread in the genus). Almost worldwide, but mostly in temperate regions of both hemispheres, some taxa occur in many regions
41 KB (1,085 words) - 10:05, 30 July 2020
base distal to articulations (Eriogonum); perianth accrescent in fruit, mostly white to red, yellow, light green, greenish white, maroon, or purple, urceolate
21 KB (927 words) - 10:29, 30 July 2020
often gland-dotted, sometimes resinous or stipitate-glandular. Leaves (mostly persistent) cauline (often crowded, axillary leaf fascicles sometimes present);
23 KB (1,156 words) - 22:11, 29 July 2020
usually trigonous, wiry to stout. Leaves basal and cauline, polystichous, mostly 3-ranked; sheaths open apically, glabrous; ligules present or absent; blades
38 KB (1,253 words) - 01:40, 30 July 2020
have a ligule at the junction of the blade and the sheath. The ligule is mostly fused to the blade, with a narrow, entire or erose-ciliate free portion
80 KB (3,349 words) - 15:29, 15 December 2020
shrubs, 1–200 cm. Leaves basal, basal and cauline, or mostly cauline; mostly opposite (Lasthenia) or mostly alternate; usually sessile, sometimes obscurely petiolate;
11 KB (627 words) - 23:52, 29 July 2020
covering abaxial surface, if in discrete sori then variously shaped (round, oblong, or elongate); receptacle not or only slightly elevated, with or without
15 KB (567 words) - 00:33, 30 July 2020
absent during winter, mostly linear to oblong to oblong deltate (deltate in B. lanceolatum), lobed to 1–2 (–3) -pinnate, mostly less than 2.5 cm wide when
5 KB (560 words) - 00:23, 30 July 2020
(irregular in size and shape). > 13 12 Blades oblong-lanceolate, mostly 2- pinnate; pinnae lanceolate to oblong- lanceolate. Asplenium cristatum 12 Blades
11 KB (330 words) - 00:25, 30 July 2020
(–120+) [200+] cm. Leaves mostly cauline, sometimes basal or basal and cauline; mostly opposite (distal sometimes alternate) or mostly alternate; petiolate
11 KB (674 words) - 23:30, 29 July 2020
unbranched, rarely ± to much-branched or stellate. Leaves mostly deciduous, cauline, mostly alternate, reduced proximally or forming basal rosettes in
79 KB (2,746 words) - 18:50, 29 July 2020
summer in D. cymosa subsp. marcescens and D. parva); petiole absent; blade mostly laminar, sometimes subterete, turgid ± throughout. Cymes: branches 2-3 (-6)
10 KB (581 words) - 12:54, 30 July 2020
multifid. Fruits usually capsules (achenes in C. michauxii). Seeds ellipsoid, oblong, ovoid, globose, or lenticular; caruncle present. x = 8, 9, 10, 14. North
24 KB (874 words) - 18:18, 29 July 2020
Capsules 3-valved, 3-locular. Seeds 2 per locule (1 in T. spathacea); hilum oblong to linear; embryotega abaxial to lateral. x = 6–8, probably others. Neotemperate
17 KB (671 words) - 00:52, 30 July 2020
anthers whitish yellow, pink to purple or orange-pink, elliptic to oblong; styles (2–) 3, mostly spreading, distinct or connate proximally; stigmas 2–3, capitate
11 KB (904 words) - 10:08, 30 July 2020
spreading, straight or curved, sometimes recurved when wet, lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate, less often elliptic, ovate to lingulate, keeled to canaliculate-concave;
11 KB (655 words) - 06:51, 30 July 2020
stout. Flowers: sepals erect or spreading, linear, lanceolate, elliptic, oblong, ovate, or deltate, lateral pair usually saccate basally, sometimes subsaccate
40 KB (1,647 words) - 11:54, 30 July 2020
erect, branched mostly from bases. Leaves mostly basal; opposite or alternate; petiolate (bases persisting as fibrils); blades (mostly pinnately nerved
13 KB (768 words) - 23:05, 29 July 2020
white, yellow, amber, or gray, ovoid to ellipsoid, reniform, globular, oblong, or angled; embryo straight, endosperm present. nearly worldwide, especially
19 KB (841 words) - 19:24, 29 July 2020
communis; usually in terminal panicles in Taxodium), simple, spheric to oblong; sporophylls overlapping, bearing 2–10 abaxial microsporangia (pollen-sacs);
17 KB (1,137 words) - 00:30, 30 July 2020
winged (Astilbe, Jepsonia, Sullivantia), ellipsoid, fusiform, ovoid, oblong, spheroid, oblong-cylindric, flat, or straight on 1 side, convex on other, rarely
27 KB (1,591 words) - 13:14, 30 July 2020
densely hairy. Leaves usually mostly cauline; mostly alternate (proximal sometimes opposite); petiolate or sessile; blades mostly elliptic, lanceolate, linear
13 KB (702 words) - 15:32, 15 December 2020
blade elliptic, lanceolate, obovate, or ovate, sometimes cordate, ovoid, oblong, or orbiculate, (4–) 10–40 (–63) × (3–) 5–40 mm, rugose in R. rugosa, abaxial
24 KB (1,103 words) - 13:51, 30 July 2020
blades, rachises and costae with or usually without scales. Sori round, oblong, or elongate along veins, commonly medial to supramedial; indusia round-reniform
14 KB (584 words) - 00:28, 30 July 2020
and/or cauline; mostly opposite (usually 1–10 pairs, distalmost sometimes alternate and usually smaller); petiolate or sessile; blades mostly cordate, deltate
16 KB (834 words) - 23:57, 29 July 2020
Sori inframedial to supramedial, occasionally nearly marginal, round or oblong, rarely elongate along veins; indusia reniform or sometimes absent. Spores
7 KB (310 words) - 00:34, 30 July 2020
bilabiate, rotate to salverform, tubular, funnelform, or campanulate; stamens mostly 4 or 5 (–8 in Myoporum), adnate to corolla, didynamous or equal, staminode
15 KB (926 words) - 19:11, 29 July 2020
decumbent to ascending or erect (leafy or subscapiform, often red-tinged), mostly simple. Leaves basal and cauline; alternate; basal usually short-petiolate
15 KB (811 words) - 22:27, 29 July 2020
cupulate, campanulate, salverform, or funnelform; stamens (2–) 3–5, with 4 mostly connate in pairs, appearing as only (1–) 3 stamens; anthers connate or distinct
19 KB (877 words) - 11:15, 30 July 2020
usually oblanceolate or oblong-oblanceolate, rhombic-oblanceolate, oblong, elliptic, or ovate, to spatulate, sometimes oblong-triangular, 1.5–12 (–17)
10 KB (763 words) - 13:01, 30 July 2020
(usually ± erect in fruit, distinct or ± connate, narrowly oblong to broadly ovate, mostly herbaceous, bases flat or weakly cupped, faces not woolly, except
11 KB (916 words) - 23:52, 29 July 2020
(10–) 20–80 (–120) cm. Leaves mostly basal and/or cauline; alternate; petiolate or sessile; blades 1-nerved or 3-nerved, mostly elliptic, linear, oblanceolate
7 KB (512 words) - 22:41, 29 July 2020
blades mostly elliptic, lanceolate, oblanceolate, oblong, obovate, or ovate, bases clasping or not, margins entire or dentate, abaxial faces mostly arachnose
14 KB (712 words) - 20:43, 29 July 2020
margins entire; calyx and corolla not circumscissile; nectaries oblong, square, transversely oblong, reniform, or spatulate; stamens 2 times as many as sepals
21 KB (778 words) - 13:02, 30 July 2020
branched. Petioles mostly shorter than leaf-blades. Basal leaves: blades mostly lanceolate, lance-elliptic, lanceovate, linear-oblong, oblong, or ovate, often
4 KB (559 words) - 23:05, 29 July 2020
single, yellow to red, mostly elongate, smooth, erect. Capsule erect, mostly exserted, rarely immersed, yellowish to brown, mostly cylindric, smooth; stomata
12 KB (515 words) - 07:15, 30 July 2020
blades (pinnately nerved or 3-nerved or 5-nerved from at or near bases) mostly rhombic, deltate, ovate, or elliptic to lanceolate or lance-linear (sometimes
12 KB (721 words) - 23:07, 29 July 2020
Inflorescences cymose, cymose-umbellate, umbellate, virgate, or racemose, mostly spreading and open to diffuse, sometimes dense, congested, or compact, sometimes
80 KB (1,352 words) - 10:29, 30 July 2020
50–120+ cm. Stems erect, usually branched. Leaves cauline; all or mostly opposite or mostly alternate; petiolate or sessile; blades 1-nerved or 3-nerved, deltate
8 KB (485 words) - 22:46, 29 July 2020
branchlets. Leaves lanceolate, ovate or oblong-lanceolate, broadly ovate to broadly lingulate, elliptical to oblong-elliptical; margins 1-stratose to variously
11 KB (701 words) - 06:52, 30 July 2020
persistent, 3, distinct, green, maroon, or with maroon markings, foliaceous, oblong, ovate, or lanceolate, alternating with bracts; petals shriveling after
30 KB (822 words) - 06:13, 30 July 2020
wiry; inflorescences: branching mostly monochasial > 2 1 Herbs annual or perennial, not wiry; inflorescences: branching mostly dichasial > 3 2 Leaf blades
10 KB (391 words) - 11:15, 30 July 2020
perennial, or subshrubs [lianas, shrubs, trees], single to multistemmed. Stems mostly erect, sometimes lax to decumbent or prostrate [mat-forming], usually not
19 KB (903 words) - 21:03, 7 June 2022
branching, with a central strand. Leaves mostly lanceolate or subulate, straight or somewhat curved, base oblong to ovate; in several rows; margins plane
8 KB (362 words) - 06:59, 30 July 2020
proximally and usually much of length, variously colored, lanceolate or oblong to broadly ovate, thick, usually leathery, abaxially glabrous to silky,
13 KB (470 words) - 08:24, 30 July 2020
deltate to cordiform, 1–6 mm, membranous. Sporangia ovoid to ellipsoid or oblong, 3–15 mm, walls unpigmented or brown-streaked to completely brown, traversed
15 KB (1,109 words) - 00:22, 30 July 2020
fleshy. Leaves alternate, petiolate or sessile, not fleshy; blade linear, oblong, lanceolate, ovate, triangular, trullate, or rhombic, flattened, not jointed
19 KB (716 words) - 09:29, 30 July 2020
curved, sometimes S-shaped; sepals persistent. Seeds (1–) 2–60+, ovoid, oblong, bottle-shaped, pyriform, irregularly polygonal, or trigonal prisms, dorsiventrally
16 KB (1,025 words) - 18:17, 29 July 2020
sessile; blades mostly linear to oblanceolate or spatulate, bases cuneate to ± cordate, margins entire, sometimes sinuate, abaxial faces mostly white or gray
17 KB (844 words) - 20:36, 29 July 2020
equal to breadth; petals mostly bright yellow. Argemone mexicana 3 Flower buds oblong, body length 1.5–2 times breadth; petals mostly pale lemon yellow. Argemone
14 KB (554 words) - 08:36, 30 July 2020
hispidulous, pubescent, or hirtellous abaxially, occasionally papillose, mostly glabrous adaxially; tepals connate proximally 1/4–1/2 their length, monomorphic
19 KB (884 words) - 10:50, 30 July 2020
usually branched (proximally, distally, or ± throughout). Leaves mostly cauline; mostly alternate (proximal sometimes opposite); petiolate or sessile; blades
13 KB (1,037 words) - 23:55, 29 July 2020
disarticulating into segments, round, pubescent [or rarely glabrous]; bracts mostly 2, opposite, sometimes numerous, whorled, distinct, leaflike to subulate
23 KB (1,142 words) - 10:54, 30 July 2020
densely tufted. Stems erect, simple or forked, with a central strand. Leaves mostly lanceolate, acuminate or subulate, straight or somewhat curved, rarely sheathing
12 KB (480 words) - 06:59, 30 July 2020
divided into linear to filiform segments; petiole present; blade oblanceolate-oblong to linear in outline, planar to cylindric, (1–) 2–30 (–40) cm, foliaceous
16 KB (987 words) - 14:06, 30 July 2020
transverse septa in 8a1a. E. sect. Eleocharis ser. Eleocharis. Spikelets mostly ovoid, seldom cylindric or narrowly ellipsoid, usually much narrower than
37 KB (456 words) - 02:15, 30 July 2020
Phyllaries persistent, 22–32+ in ± 3 series (mostly deltate-ovate or ovate to lanceolate, linear, or oblong, subequal or unequal, outer sometimes foliaceous)
8 KB (578 words) - 23:09, 29 July 2020
cauline, or cauline; petiolate or sessile; blades mostly elliptic, lanceolate, oblanceolate, oblong, or spatulate, margins entire, denticulate, or dentate
26 KB (1,108 words) - 20:14, 29 July 2020
obovoid or oblong, [3–] 4–14 [–15] mm, often hairy distally; fleshy, flesh usually yellow, sclereids absent; hypanthium persistent; sepals mostly persistent
31 KB (1,652 words) - 14:31, 30 July 2020
venation pinnate, surfaces glabrous or hairy. Inflorescences mostly terminal or mostly axillary, (2–) 3–1000+-flowered, panicles or corymbiform or racemiform
20 KB (1,036 words) - 14:24, 30 July 2020
Monterey County, California. Arctostaphylos pumila 21 Leaf blades oblong-ovate to oblong-elliptic, (base truncate or subcordate), 1.5-3 cm; plants erect
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aporose or in hemiisophyllous forms porose, 0–2-septate, mostly resorbed on interior surface and mostly entire on exterior surface. Branches dimorphic, spreading
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Perennials, 2–20 (–30+) dm (rhizomatous or not). Leaves usually mostly cauline (rarely mostly basal or basal and cauline); sessile or petiolate; blades ovate
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persistent, 14–25 in ± 2–3 series (mostly lance-linear, herbaceous). Receptacles conic; paleate (paleae tan to brown, ovate to oblong-rectangular, conduplicate)
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reduced; stipules absent; petiole absent or present; blade obovate, oblong, oblong-obovate, elliptic, linear, spatulate, or oblanceolate to ovate, reniform
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to compact basal rosettes; petiole 0.1–3 (–4) cm, mostly tomentose to floccose or glabrous; blade oblong-ovate or oblanceolate to elliptic to oval, 0.3–3
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absent in S. biltmoreana), paired, originating from petioles; blade linear, oblong, ovate, or, sometimes, reduced to scales in herbaceous species, base sometimes
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from twigs, persisting to 10 years, mostly 4-angled and square in cross-section (to triangular or ± flattened), mostly rigid, sessile on peglike base; base
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white or yellowish to green or reddish or purplish brown, subulate to linear-oblong, lanceolate, spatulate, or ovate, 0.4–4.5 mm, margins translucent to white
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10–20 (–30) -leaved, 2–8 (–15) cm diam.; blade green, mostly linear or elliptic or oblong to oblong-lanceolate or tapering from base, 1–6 (–11) × 0.2–1.2
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or white, flattened or plump, winged or not, or narrowly margined, ovoid, oblong, globose, or ovate, usually uniseriate or biseriate, sometimes aseriate
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before the apex to percurrent, distal and median cells mostly medium-sized, quadrate to hexagonal to oblong-hexagonal, rarely short-rhomboid, rather lax and
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basal, basal and cauline, or mostly cauline; alternate; petiolate or sessile; blades mostly elliptic, lanceolate, linear, oblong, obovate, ovate, or spatulate
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erect-appressed and straight when dry, spreading to widespreading when moist, ovate, oblong, lanceolate, ligulate, or linear-lanceolate, not rugose; margins entire
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narrowly channeled, 0.4–3 (–6) mm; base weakly differentiated in shape to oblong and half-sheathing the stem, proximal margins occasionally decurrent; distal
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indehiscent. Seeds 2–30, often reniform, glabrous or hairy. Nearly worldwide, mostly in tropical areas Some ornamental malvaceous trees have been introduced
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Africa Species ca. 160 (53 in the flora). Distinction between currants, which mostly lack nodal spines and internodal prickles and have a joint in each pedicel
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(36 in the flora). Species of Oxalis occur in the tropics and subtropics, mostly of North America, South America, and South Africa; they extend as well into
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ones, separate to overlapping, narrowly oblanceolate to obovate, elliptic, oblong, cuneate, or flabellate in outline, margins flat or revolute, toothed to
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sessile or subsessile; blade ovate, obovate, oblong, oblong-lanceolate, lanceolate, oblanceolate, linear, linear-oblong, linear-lanceolate, orbiculate, or suborbiculate
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mats, olivaceous, dark black-green to rusty-redbrown. Leaves broadly oblong-ovate, oblong-lanceolate, to narrowly ovatelanceolate, rarely ligulate, concave
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slender, smooth or densely papillose, mostly irregularly divided into 2–3 slender segments beyond the base. Calyptra mostly mitrate, lobed proximally, often
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pygmaeum 13 Leaf blades mostly with 5 primary lobes, lobes mostly simple. > 14 13 Leaf blades with more than 5 primary lobes, lobes mostly divided. > 15 14 Primary
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thinly scabridulous, sometimes stipitate-glandular (mostly distally). Leaves mostly basal or mostly cauline; alternate; sessile or petiolate; blades 1-nerved
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erect, branched distally or ± throughout. Leaves mostly basal, basal and cauline, or mostly cauline; mostly opposite (distal rarely alternate); blades usually
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denticulate, often filiferous and separating into elongated fibers, corneous, apex mostly sharp-pointed. Scape, when present, usually less than 2.5 cm diam. Inflorescences
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cauline; alternate; sessile or subpetiolate; blades mostly 1-nerved, linear to lanceolate or oblanceolate, oblong, or narrowly elliptic, margins entire or dentate-spinulose
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papillose. Perichaetia with inner leaves erect, straight, lanceolate, ovate, oblong, or slightly obovate, plicate or rarely not, margins entire or partly denticulate
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slender, terete, apex acute; scales several, imbricate, smooth. Leaves mostly on short-shoots, nearly 2-ranked. Leaf-blade ovate to deltate, elliptic
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(-27), white, purple, blue, green, yellow, pink, or red, plane, linear to oblong or ovate to obovate, 3.5-40 mm; petals usually absent (present in A. patens)
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on leaf margins and inflorescences), 5–80 dm, glabrous [pubescent]. Stems mostly erect [scandent], branching or often simple proximal to cyme, often bare
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usually cauline; opposite ± throughout or opposite (proximal) and alternate or mostly alternate; sessile or petiolate; blades (or lobes) deltate, elliptic, filiform
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sessile or petiolate; blades 1-nerved or 3-nerved, linear, lanceolate, ovate, oblong, obovate, or rhombic (usually reduced distally), margins entire or coarsely
19 KB (1,032 words) - 15:27, 15 December 2020
3-lobed. > 8 3 Petals linear-oblong to oblong-spatulate, usually entire; lip greenish white. Platanthera lacera 3 Petals oblong-obovate to flabellate, lacerate
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shrubs, 4–120 (–150) cm. Stems usually ± erect, rarely decumbent. Leaves mostly cauline (annuals forming winter–spring rosettes, usually withering by flowering);
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fruit). Phyllaries persistent, mostly 12–15 in (1–) 2 series (often purplish-tinged), erect, distinct or connate, narrowly oblong to linear (1–5-nerved), subequal
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alternate; ± petiolate (petioles grading into blades); blades 1-nerved, mostly spatulate to oblanceolate, lanceolate, or linear, margins usually entire
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blade elliptic to ovate or oblanceolate to linear, obovate, or oblong, laminar (mostly to 1 mm thick), 0.5–5.5 cm, somewhat fleshy, base not spurred, margins
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1-3-pinnately or ternately compound; leaf or leaflets cordate to orbiculate, oblong, lanceolate, or oblanceolate, lobed or unlobed, margins entire or toothed
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yellowish-brown or brown, ellipsoid, ovoid or spheroidal, or fusiform to flattened, or oblong (sometimes 3-sided); testa thin (bony in subfam. Arbutoideae and subfam
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lanulose-puberulent (mostly on young growth), glandular. Leaves: petiole 3–8 cm, subglabrous to sparsely lanulose-puberulent (mostly on young growth), glandular;
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or convex, sometimes keeled), ovate to oblong or lanceolate to oblanceolate, strongly unequal or subequal, mostly chartaceous, outer sometimes herbaceous
11 KB (677 words) - 21:45, 29 July 2020
mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, 12–24 in ± 2 series (lanceolate, linear, oblong, ovate, or rhombic, subequal, herbaceous, midnerves often keeled, proximal
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in the flora). In the key and descriptions that follow, for species with mostly prostrate stems, the side of the stem toward the ground is called the lower
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Involucres mostly hemispheric or broader, (3–) 5–22+ mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, (20–) 30–60+ in (2–) 3–5+ series, distinct, ± ovate to oblong or oblong
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Mentioned on page 186. Annuals or perennials. Leaves basal and cauline or mostly cauline, opposite; blades simple or ± pinnately or pedately lobed (with
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opposite; usually sessile; blades mostly linear to elliptic, oblanceolate, oblong, or obovate, margins usually setose-ciliate (mostly near bases), faces glabrous
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Stems underground, tuberous corms, mostly unbranched distally, ovoid to oblong, sometimes irregular. Leaves mostly withering by anthesis; petiole often
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subapical staminode; stigma free, 2–3-lobed. Fruits capsules, ellipsoid to oblong-ellipsoid. Primarily temperate Eurasia and North America, ranging from arctic
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(autoicous, Cynodontium) perigonia with mostly two leaves, or stalked (cladautoicous, Cnestrum) perigonium with mostly three or four leaves. Species previously
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center. Segments (when present) linear to oblong; margins entire to crenulate; apex rounded. Venation mostly free or complexly anastomosing, with 1–several
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entire, apex of lobe narrowly obtuse to broadly rounded; primary venation mostly pinnate, basal section of midrib with several parallel veins. Flowers floating
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erect. Leaves mostly cauline (at flowering) proximal opposite (often in rosettes), distal alternate; sessile; blades lanceolate or oblong-linear to linear
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165. Mentioned on page 624. Plants acrocarpous, large. Stems stiff, erect, mostly unbranched, in cross-section with a cortical region of small, thick-walled
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fissured. Branches spreading to drooping; twigs nearly opposite. Leaves mostly appearing 2-ranked, rigid; stomates abaxial, in 2 narrow, glaucous, whitish
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short-campanulate, rarely short-tubular, lobes ± ovate, lanceolate, round, elliptic, oblong, obovate, oblanceolate, truncate, linear, or orbiculate; corolla ± white
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venation pinnate, abaxial surface sericeous (at least along veins), adaxial mostly glabrate. Inflorescences axillary from leaf rosette, 1–10-flowered, cymes
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caudices seldom branched). Stems erect (or bending erect from bases), branched mostly from bases. Leaves basal and cauline; alternate; usually petiolate (basal)
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Stems creeping to arched-ascending, 2-pinnate or 3-pinnate; paraphyllia mostly foliose, lanceolate or filiform-branched; axillary hairs 2–6 (–7) -celled
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FNA Volume 20. Treatment on page 452. Mentioned on page 8, 451. Annuals, mostly 2–90 cm; taprooted. Stems erect or decumbent, simple or branched from bases
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Fruit a capsule, straight or slightly curved, subterete and clavate or oblong-cylindrical, regularly loculicidal; pedicellate. Seeds numerous, in 2 rows
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spreading, branched from bases or throughout. Leaves mostly cauline; all or mostly opposite or all or mostly alternate; petiolate or sessile; blades usually
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acute, or apiculate; veins anastomosing, main areoles to 15 × 4mm, but mostly less than 5 × 3 mm. Sporophores 1 per leaf, simple, stalked, borne from
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basal and cauline; alternate; petiolate or sessile; blades palmately nerved, mostly cordate, deltate, elliptic, hastate, ovate, or reniform, sometimes lanceolate
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before or with young leaves, anthesis later; pomes ripe August–October; mostly in toplands, except few se United States species > 2 2 Bracteoles, at least
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falling soon thereafter or persisting for several years, pendent, ovoid, oblong, or oblong-cylindric, sessile or nearly so; scales persistent, shape various,
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12 m, glabrous. Leaves: petiole 1.6-12.5 cm; leaflets mostly 5, petiolules 0.2-2.2 cm, blades oblong to ovate-elliptic, 0.7-8.2 × 0.4-4.2 cm, base rounded
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6–24 mm. Flowers mostly white, fragrance strong at night; sepals white with green midvein, 3–7 × 1.6–3 mm; dorsal sepal ovate to oblong; lateral sepals
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Phyllaries 20–84 in (3–) 4–6 (–9) series, 1 (–3) -nerved (not keeled), oblong-lanceolate or oblanceolate or spatulate (outer and mid) to linear (innermost)
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21 Flowers mostly pink, rosy purple, or deep purple, rarely white; lip with elongate crests; leaf bases almost wiry. Bletia 21 Flowers mostly white or tinged
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or extending beyond anthers; stigmas peltate. Fruits fusiform, clavate, oblong-clavate, obovoid, or obpyramidal, stiffly coriaceous; ribs (3–) 5, rounded
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sometimes stipitate-glandular, rarely eglandular, often resinous. Leaves mostly cauline; alternate; sessile; blades 1-nerved, linear to oblanceolate or
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ascending; bodies with 5+ nerves (nerves ± parallel, obscure), oblanceolate to oblong, flat to concave most of lengths (not enclosing florets); wings 0. Staminate
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sepals (rarely persistent), erect, ascending, or, rarely, spreading, ovate or oblong [elliptic], lateral pair not saccate or subsaccate basally; petals (erect
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brown, oblong, ellipsoid, or ovoid, longitudinally ribbed (ribs ribbonlike or pectinate). x = 8. North America, Mexico, South America, Eurasia, mostly north-temperate
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erect, seldom branched (usually white in age). Leaves mostly cauline (proximal scalelike); mostly alternate, sometimes opposite; sessile or nearly so; blades
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blade green on both sides, ovate to oblong or lanceolate to oblong, deltoid-oblong, or linear, 9–100 × 1–50 mm, base mostly rounded to tapering or more rarely
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usually ovate or oblong, rarely suborbicular; petals (erect or spreading, sometimes rudimentary or absent), obovate, spatulate, oblong, oblanceolate, orbicular
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falcate-secund, or both, ovate, broadly ovate, oval, orbicular, ovatelanceolate, oblong-lanceolate, or lanceolate, not plicate, to or longer than 1 mm; base commonly
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Involucres campanulate to hemispheric, mostly 2–3 (–5+) mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, 10–30 in (1–) 2–3 (–4) series, oblong, ovate, or oblanceolate to lanceolate
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branch leaves erect to secund when dry, spreading when moist, ovate, broadly oblong-ovate, or ovatelanceolate, strongly concave; base narrowing to insertion
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cauline; opposite; petiolate or sessile; blades (1-nerved or 3-nerved) oblong, oblong-ovate, lanceolate, linear, or filiform, margins entire or toothed, faces
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bristlelike to rigid and needlelike or nail-like, terete to angled or flat, mostly hard (rarely corky or papery). Flowers bisexual (rarely unisexual or with
40 KB (1,967 words) - 15:27, 15 December 2020
often saccate basally; petals white, yellow, pink, purple, or brownish, oblong to ovate, (narrow and margins crisped or channeled, or broad and margins
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deciduous, mostly basal; basal blades 4–12 cm, cauline gradually reduced, 2–4 × 0.5–1.5 cm, 2–3-pinnately lobed, lobes linear to narrowly oblong, apices acute
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strigoso-sericeous (hairs basifixed). Leaves mostly cauline (at flowering); alternate; petiolate or sessile; blades oblong, ovate, elliptic, or spatulate, 1–3-pinnately
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on page 396. Perennials, 5–100 cm. Stems 3–10, lanate to woolly. Leaves mostly basal; blades gray to grayish green, spatulate, 1–9 cm, margins entire or
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pubescent, scaly, or glabrous, with a single vascular-bundle. Blade linear-oblong to lanceolate, ovate, or elongate-pentagonal, pinnate-pinnatifid to 4-pinnate
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somewhat bent; proximal internode mostly 6–10(–11.5) mm; rachis stiff; leaves 2.2–6.5 mm wide; larger perigynia mostly 2.7–4.1 mm and 1.8–2.2 times as long
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middles, glabrous or hispid, sometimes stipitate-glandular distally. Leaves mostly basal (rosettes); petiolate; blades elliptic, lanceolate, linear, oblanceolate
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opposite or alternate, petiolate; blade elliptic, ovate, or lanceolate to lance-oblong, margins entire or serrulate, glabrous or pubescent. Inflorescences terminal
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papposa, sometimes on outer in A. rothrockii). x = 9. Mostly Northern Hemisphere (North America), Mostly Northern Hemisphere (Eurasia), some in South America
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stamens; filaments distinct or basally connate; anthers yellow to orange, oblong to ellipsoid, almost isodiametric, sometimes with amber or black gland on
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rounded); filaments 2–3 (–4) mm; anthers oblong, 0.4–0.7mm, (apex apiculate). Fruits linear, torulose or not, (mostly straight), (0.9–) 1.2–2.5 (–3.2) cm ×
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1–50, usually forming colonies. Leaves mostly or fully unfolded; petiole 1–25 mm; blade elliptic-oblong to oblong-obovate, 50–80 × 15–45 mm, base rounded
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bases (laterals sometimes weak), lance-linear, lance-oblong, or linear, 20–60 × 2–15 mm (lengths mostly 6–40 times widths), bases cuneate, margins entire
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sessile-glandular (young); blade light to mid green abaxially, usually elliptic to oblong or narrowly obovate, sometimes obtrullate, ovate, or suborbiculate, (0.6–)
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floral stems mostly red, 1–4 dm × 2–7 mm; leaves 6–18, ascending, elliptic to lanceolate, 1–5 cm; cincinnus 10–40-flowered, 5–35 cm, flowers mostly crowded
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herbaceous; lobes green or purplish, 1–5-veined, broadly triangular to lance-oblong or linear, usually shorter than tube, margins whitish, scarious, apex acute
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blades deltate, lance-elliptic, lanceolate, lance-linear, linear, linear-oblong, ovate, or rhombic, sometimes pinnately lobed, ultimate margins entire or
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and cauline (mostly cauline at flowering); alternate; sessile or petiolate; blades (usually 1-nerved) elliptic, linear, oblanceolate, oblong, obovate, ovate
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(hairs spreading-deflexed, 0.1–0.4 mm), mostly eglandular. Leaves cauline; (ascending) blades narrowly oblong-lanceolate to narrowly obovate, 10–40 × 2–5
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subshrubs, or shrubs [perennials], mostly 10–80 (–200) cm. Stems erect, branched distally or ± throughout. Leaves cauline; mostly opposite (distal sometimes alternate);
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berries, usually 3-5 per flower, spreading from swollen receptacles, unevenly oblong-cylindric, pulpy. Seeds 3-many per pistil, bean-shaped, slightly compressed
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or oblanceolate to oblong-elliptic. Hypericum ellipticum 16 Leaf blades usually elliptic, lanceolate, linear, oblanceolate, or oblong, (1–)3–22 mm wide;
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cauline (gradually or abruptly reduced distally); alternate; petiolate (mostly basal) or sessile; blades pinnately nerved, elliptic, lanceolate, linear
40 KB (1,171 words) - 21:16, 29 July 2020
leaves: (nearly all opposite or mostly alternate) largest proximal to mid-stems; blades ± 3-nerved, lanceovate or oblong-lanceolate to lanceolate or linear
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caulescent, taprooted. Stems mostly prostrate to decumbent, branched; branches procumbent or decumbent to erect. Leaves cauline, mostly opposite or compactly
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petiolate (petioles ± winged, bases dilated, sheathing), blades spatulate or oblong to ovate or lanceolate-ovate, 30–200 × 10–25 (–30) mm, bases attenuate or
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erect-spreading, or spreading, usually ± flat when moist, elliptic, obovate, oblong-ovate, ovate, ovate-elliptic, ovate or elliptic-lanceolate, or obovate-spatulate
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simple or branched, glabrous or strigillose to villous [piloso-hispid] (hairs mostly basifixed). Leaves basal or basal and cauline; alternate; sessile or petiolate
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dark-brown to gray, flaky to fibrous when older; twigs, mostly ascending, whitish tan to purplish, mostly 1–4 cm), usually hairy, often stipitate-glandular.
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connate basally; petiole to 5 mm; blade [mostly] broad, ovate to obovate, oblanceolate, elliptic, or elliptic-oblong, or spatulate, laminar, 2–11 cm, herbaceous
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broadly to narrowly cuneate, 3–10 × 2–5 mm, lobed (lobes 3, oblong-linear, to 1/3 blade lengths, mostly 1–3 mm wide, flat, obtuse, laterals sometimes 2–3-fid;
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internodes, to 4 cm. Leaves 2–4; blade thin, narrowly oblong to elliptic, 3.5–20 × 1.1–3 cm, apex mostly acute. Inflorescences usually paniculate racemes,
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persistent, [5–] 8 in ± 2 series, distinct, lanceolate, lance-oblong, lanceovate, or oblong, ± equal, membranous or herbaceous, margins ± scarious. Receptacles
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(at flowering), mostly 10–20+ mm diam. Phyllaries usually [5–7] 8–12 [13–16] in 1 series, linear-lanceolate, triangular-lanceolate [oblong-lanceolate], linear
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cobwebby tissue exposed by splitting valves at dehiscence. Seeds 100+, oblong-fusiform, mostly membranously winged. x = 8. North America, Mexico, Central America
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generally persisting closed many years or until opened by fire, globose or oblong, 1–4 cm; scales persistent, 3–6 pairs, valvate, peltate, thick and woody
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decumbent-ascending branches from bases; ± woolly-tomentose, not glandular). Leaves mostly cauline; alternate; ± sessile; blades oblanceolate to spatulate or linear
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midnerves plus 2 collaterals evident proximally (flat), ovate or oblong to obovate, unequal, mostly chartaceous, margins scarious, (apices truncate, mucronate
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rosettes at ends of branches, alternate, sessile, not connate basally; blade oblong-lanceolate or obovate, laminar to terete, 3–15 cm, fleshy, base not spurred
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pubescent. Leaves: stipules falling early. Leaf-blade deltate to ovate to oblong-lanceolate, base oblique or cuneate to rounded, margins entire or serrate-dentate;
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