Treatment appears in FNA Volume 20. Treatment on page 3. Mentioned on page 20, 23, 39, 78, 102, 108, 257. Annuals, biennials, perennials, subshrubs, shrubs, or
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tribeRosaceae tribe Rubeae Show Lower Taxa Rubus Dumortier Anal. Fam. Pl., 39. 1829. Luc Brouillet Treatment appears in FNA Volume 9. Treatment on page
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(peduncles rarely, if ever, notably dilated or fistulose) > 39 39 Cypselae flattened, thin-margined Simsia 39 Cypselae ± compressed, biconvex, or 3- or 4-angled
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Treatment appears in FNA Volume 27. Treatment on page 204. Mentioned on page 39, 205, 231, 265, 266, 286, 294, 306, 615. Plants acrocarpous or cladocarpous
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Treatment appears in FNA Volume 27. Treatment on page 358. Mentioned on page 12, 39, 331, 360, 426, 427, 433, 440, 443, 444, 548, 564. Plants small to large,
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(genus 28), Gratioleae D. Don (genera 29–38), Plantagineae Dumortier (genera 39 and 40), Russelieae Pennell (genus 41), and Veroniceae Duby (genera 42–45)
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appears in FNA Volume 28. Treatment on page 37. Mentioned on page 10, 12, 39, 43. Plants small to large, in tufts, cushions, or mats, dark green, reddish-brown
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open their entire length. > 39 39 Panicle branches stiff; lemmas coriaceous; plants annual; culms to 60 cm tall Desmazeria 39 Panicle branches flexible;
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Cotyledons incumbent > 39 39 Adaxial stamens with connate filaments and sterile anthers; fruit valves each with an obscure midvein. Sibaropsis 39 Adaxial stamens
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sometimes salmon-orange, sometimes with darker veins > 39 39 Stigmas capitate or obliquely capitate > 40 39 Stigmas linear or filiform > 43 40 Stigmas obliquely
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0; e North America Arnoglossum 39 Plants (50–)60–240 cm; calyculi of 4–9+ (subulate, rarely leaflike) bractlets Hasteola 39 Plants 10–50 cm; calyculi 0 or
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Styles and capsule valves equal in number > 39 38 Capsule valves or teeth 2 times number of styles > 42 39 Styles 2; capsule valves 2; stems ascending
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yukonensis Loefling in C. Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 1: 89. 1753. , Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 39. 1754. Richard K. Rabeler, Ronald L. Hartman, Frederick H. Utech Common names:
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names: Pepper family Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3. Treatment on page 39. Small trees, shrubs, or perennial or annual herbs, often rhizomatous, sometimes
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barbellate bristles > 39 39 Phyllaries in 1–2 series; cypselae 10–20-nerved or -ribbed; pappi of 5 outer scales plus 5–45 inner bristles Krigia 39 Phyllaries in
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10; (sw Oregon). Kalmiopsis 39 Inflorescence axes ± elongate; perulae leaflike proximally, green; (sw Alaska). Therorhodion 39 Inflorescence axes ± short;
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Treatment appears in FNA Volume 27. Treatment on page 121. Mentioned on page 24, 39, 116, 122, 126, 156, 160. Plants small, medium to large, densely to loosely
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achenes trigonous. > 39 38 Spikelets with all scales subtending flower. Scirpus 38 Spikelets with proximal 1–2+ scales empty. Fimbristylis 39 Culms with single
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annual species of Chorizanthe genus into three subgenera: subg. Amphietes (39 species), and subg. Eriogonella and subg. Quintaria (one species each). The
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(2008) found that monophyly of the family is strongly supported. A study of 39 species of Viola occurring primarily in China using chloroplast sequences
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obscure in mature sori. Spores brownish, cristate, rarely rugose. x = 38, 39, 41. Mostly north temperate regions and higher elevations in the tropics Woodsia
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red occasionally) > 38 37 Lamina reacts red or orange to 2% KOH solution > 39 38 Adaxial and abaxial laminal cell walls of equal thickness; plants usually
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in FNA Volume 17. Treatment on page 43. Mentioned on page 13, 16, 24, 37, 39, 42, 44. Herbs, annual, biennial, or perennial. Stems erect [ascending or
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spathulata, Condalia viridis, Condalia warnockii Cavanilles Anales Hist. Nat. 1: 39, plate 4. 1799. Guy L. Nesom Common names: Snakewood Etymology: For Antonio
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glumes usually 1/3– 3/4 as long as the upper glumes. > 39 39 Plants annual Aristida adscensionis 39 Plants perennial. > 40 40 Lemma awns 8-15 mm long; lemmas
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supiniformis 38 Heads 25–66; tepals 2.5–3.5 mm. > 39 39 Tepals nearly equal; heads with 6–10 flowers Juncus dubius 39 Tepals unequal, outer shorter than inner;
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californicum, Amphidium lapponicum, Amphidium mougeotii Schimper Coroll. Bryol. Eur., 39. 1856. Dale H. Vitt Etymology: Variant of Amphoridium (nomenclaturally unavailable)
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beyond anthers; petals 5–15 mm. > 39 39 Stems erect; leaf blades usually linear to lanceolate, apex acute. Clarkia purpurea 39 Stems prostrate to decumbent;
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FNA Volume 7. Treatment on page 38. Mentioned on page 23, 24, 29, 30, 31, 39, 40, 41, 44, 48, 49, 51, 57, 61. Shrubs or trees, 1–25 m, usually not clonal
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brown. > 38 38 Anthers 9. Pleea 38 Anthers 6. > 39 39 Stems smooth; seeds without appendages. Tofieldia 39 Stems glandular-pubescent; seeds with appendages
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Intricatae 38 Inflorescence branches glabrous > 39 39 Leaf blades 4–7 cm. Crataegus ser. Pulcherrimae 39 Leaf blades 2–4 cm. Crataegus ser. Intricatae 40
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cotyledons accumbent, rarely incumbent. x = 7, 8. Nearly worldwide Species ca. 200 (39 in the flora). R. C. Rollins (1993) recognized 50 species and 18 varieties
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Clappiinae Show Lower Taxa Clappia, Pseudoclappia H. Robinson Phytologia 41: 39. 1978. Theodore M. Barkley†, Luc Brouillet, John L. Strother Treatment appears
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concolor 39 Petals white, tinged with lilac or infrequently magenta; e Nevada and n Arizona north through Utah to e Idaho. Calochortus nuttallii 39 Petals
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8-5 mm > 39 38 Styles 6-14 mm; sepals 3.4-8 mm; filaments 6-10 mm > 41 39 Leaf blades: base cuneate to cordate or truncate. Ribes hirtellum 39 Leaf blades:
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(Linnaeus) H. Walter in H. G. A. Engler in H. G. A. Engler, Pflanzenr. 83[IV,39]: 109. 1909. Mark A. Nienaber, John W. Thieret Common names: Hoopvine Illustrated
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lips. > 38 38 Galeas bicolored. Pedicularis oederi 38 Galeas concolored. > 39 39 Corolla tubes light to dark yellow or dark blood red. > 40 40 Pedicels 0
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shoots glabrous > 39 39 Subshrubs; leaf blades elliptic-oblanceolate, 40-80 × 13-25 mm; petals widely spreading. Sedum praealtum 39 Perennial herbs; leaf
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apex usually rough-awned. > 39 38 Pistillate scales with margins entire, apex awnless or with short, smooth awn. > 40 39 Distal pistillate scales with
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34 Margins of distal leaf blades entire, dentate, serrate, or pinnate. > 39 39 Bases of distal leaf blades clasping (rarely a few not clasping in M. pterosperma)
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Eucephalus (Nuttall) Bentham Treatment appears in FNA Volume 20. Treatment on page 39. Mentioned on page 13, 16. Perennials, 10–160 cm (usually cespitose, induments
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Cape-pondweed Family Treatment appears in FNA Volume 22. Treatment on page 39. Herbs, perennial, rhizomatous, caulescent; turions absent. Leaves alternate
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Bruch and W. P. Schimper in P. Bruch and W. P. Schimper, Bryol. Europ. 6: 39, plate 560. 1853. Dale H. Vitt Etymology: Greek myos, mouse, and oura, tail
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Boechera grahamii 38 Stems proximally with stalked, 2-5-rayed trichomes > 39 39 Basal leaf blade margins dentate, 3-15(-20) mm wide; fruiting pedicels (6-)10-25
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Treatment appears in FNA Volume 26. Treatment on page 38. Mentioned on page 39. Illustrator: John Myers Copyright: Flora of North America Association Flowering-stems
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FNA Volume 7. Treatment on page 44. Mentioned on page 24, 29, 30, 31, 38, 39, 49. Shrubs or trees, 1–15 m. Stems: branches somewhat to highly brittle at
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genusIonopsis speciesIonopsis utricularioides (Swartz) Lindley Coll. Bot., plate 39, fig. A. 1825. Mark W. Chase Illustrated Basionym: Epidendrum utricularioides Swartz
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N. S. Fraga (species 34–38, type D. tricolor), and sect. Diplacus (species 39–48, type D. aurantiacus). Evolutionary radiation in Diplacus has been restricted
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mm; phyllaries in 3–4(–5) series Liatris elegantula 39 Involucres 2.5–7 mm diam.; florets 3–12 > 40 39 Involucres (6–)8–15 mm diam. (L. squarrulosa) or 13–22(–25)
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Leaves distinctly plicate. > 39 38 Leaves convolute, flat, or conduplicate, seldom plicate. > 43 39 Leaves cauline. > 40 39 Leaves basal. > 41 40 Inflorescences
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tall. > 39 39 Spikelets 1.3-2 mm long, 0.7-1 mm wide, elliptic; upper glumes and lower lemmas 5-veined; culm bases swollen Paspalum caespitosum 39 Spikelets
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finely papillose, rarely striate at apices; capsules smooth or 8-ribbed > 39 32 Endostome segments 16, filiform, well developed. Orthotrichum underwoodii
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2-stratose; stomata present or absent > 39 39 Stomata absent; leaves not plicate, not cucullate. Grimmia alpestris 39 Stomata present; leaves weakly to rarely
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new and resurrected genera, and new names and combinations. Phytoneuron 2012-39: 1–60. Beardsley, P. M. and R. G. Olmstead. 2002. Redefining Phrymaceae: The
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not prorate. Sciuro-hypnum 39 Leaves slightly to strongly concave; apices acute to acuminate, not or weakly apiculate > 40 39 Leaves strongly concave; apices
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spines Sclerocactus 38 Flowers and fruits arising from axils of tubercles > 39 38 Flowers and fruits arising from adaxial edge of spine-bearing areoles,
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Mosyakin Basionym: Ambrina sect. Adenois Moquin-Tandon Chenop. Monogr. Enum., 39. 1840 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 4. Treatment on page 269. Mentioned
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genusVenturiella Show Lower Taxa Venturiella sinensis Müller Hal. Linnaea 39: 421. 1875 ,. Ronald A. Pursell, Bruce H. Allen Etymology: For G. Venturi
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basal membrane low to high, segments smooth to densely papillose. Spores 12–39 µm. North America, Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America, Europe
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singly; spathes green, glabrous, keels entire or denticulate; outer 36–58 mm, 6–39 mm longer than inner, tapering evenly towards apex, margins basally connate
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Treatment appears in FNA Volume 26. Treatment on page 44. Mentioned on page 39, 42. Illustrator: John Myers Copyright: Flora of North America Association
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Treatment on page 133. Mentioned on page 13, 15, 19, 22, 24, 26, 30, 33, 38, 39, 122, 123, 124, 125, 132, 134. Plants medium-sized to tall and robust, in
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emarginate. > 39 38 Tepals blue-violet to purplish blue, occasionally purple; outer tepals emarginate, truncate or occasionally rounded apically. > 42 39 Outer
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4–7-veined adaxially. > 39 39 Sheaths smooth, whitish mottled, inner band not corrugated; perigynia greenish at maturity. Carex normalis 39 Sheaths finely papillose
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the lemma and palea Calamovilfa 33 Spikelets with more than 1 floret. > 34 39 Lemmas with (5)9-11 veins (the lateral veins obscure in Allolepis). > 40 40
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secund; proximal bracts ovate to lanceolate. > 39 39 Corollas light yellow; leaves glabrous. Penstemon flavescens 39 Corollas blue, lavender, violet, bluish purple
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cordate-clasping to auriculate-amplexicaul; ray laminae 10–18(–20) × 1–3 mm > 39 39 Leaves thick, firm; phyllaries strongly unequal, appressed to squarrose;
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Wyethia longicaulis, Wyethia mollis Nuttall J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 7: 39, plate 5. 1834. William A. Weber Common names: Mules-ears Etymology: For Nathaniel
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Treatment appears in FNA Volume 26. Treatment on page 42. Mentioned on page 39, 41, 43. Illustrator: John Myers Copyright: Flora of North America Association
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Illustrator: Linny Heagy Copyright: Flora of North America Association Leaf-blades 39.8–154 × 8.4–40.4 mm, widest intersinus distance 4.9–24.6 mm; proximal oblanceolate
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Plants forming dense clones. Roots arising at nodes. Petioles 5–39 cm, hairy. Pinnae 9–35 × 8–39 mm, conspicuously white hairy abaxially, hairy adaxially; hairs
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flowers above or at level of leaves. > 39 39 Petals (6–)8–11 mm; inflorescences (1–)5–7(–15)-flowered. Oxalis stricta 39 Petals 10–18 mm; inflorescences 1–4(–8)-flowered
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1990+. The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. Berlin etc. Vol. 1, pp. 39--45. Tryon, R. M. and A. F. Tryon. 1982. Ferns and Allied Plants, with Special
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megalocephala var. oligophylla (S. Watson) J. F. Macbride Contr. Gray Herb. 56: 39. 1918. Sharon C. Yarborough, A. Michael Powell Common names: Nevada rock daisy
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garrettii, Atriplex garrettii var. navajoensis Rydberg Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 39: 312. 1912. Stanley L. Welsh Common names: Garrett’s saltbush Endemic Synonyms:
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Orobanche ludoviciana var. latiloba Munz Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 57: 621, plate 39, fig. 18. 1931 Synonyms: Aphyllon cooperi subsp. latilobum (Munz) A. C. Schneider
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IntroducedIllustrated Basionym: Gmelina indica Burman f. Fl. Indica, 132, plate 39, fig. 5. 1768 Synonyms: Flacourtia ramontchi L’Héretier Treatment appears
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Crataegus populnea, Crataegus prona, Crataegus stolonifera Phytoneuron 2014–39: 1. 2014. James B. Phipps Endemic Treatment appears in FNA Volume 9. Treatment
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glabrous or hairy > 41 39 Plants 20–30 cm; stems ascending to erect; ray laminae 7–9 mm;disc corollas 3–3.5 mm Helianthus arizonensis 39 Plants (30–)100–220
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never cleistocarpous. Spores granulose, low-papillose or spiculose, large, 28–39 µm. Generated Map Legacy Map North America, Mexico, Europe, sw Asia, Africa
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creeping primary stems Basionym: Hypnum sect. Henicodium Müller Hal. Linnaea 39: 470. 1875 Synonyms: Leucodontopsis Treatment appears in FNA Volume 28. Treatment
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familyHaemodoraceae genusLophiola speciesLophiola aurea Ker Gawler Bot. Mag. 39: plate 1596. 1813. Kenneth R. Robertson IllustratedEndemic Synonyms: Lophiola
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angustifolia varietyKalmia angustifolia var. carolina (Small) Fernald Rhodora 39: 437. 1937 ,. Shunguo Liu, Keith E. Denford, John E. Ebinger, John G. Packer
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cerviana, Mollugo verticillata Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 1: 89. 1753. , Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 39. 1754. Michael A. Vincent Common names: Carpet-weed Etymology: from Galium
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Colorado, se Idaho, Nevada, w New Mexico, se Oregon, sw Wyoming, and Utah > 39 39 Involucres broadly campanulate to hemispheric; peduncles absent; perianths
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cuneate, awns usually more than 10. Quercus gravesii 39 Leaf blade widest distal to middle. > 40 39 Leaf blade widest at or proximal to middle. > 41 40
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mm long (including the awns), about 1.3-2 times longer than the lemmas. > 39 39 Internodes dull, puberulent, usually terete, rarely keeled; culms seldom
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Carex parallela subsp. parallela (Laestadius) Sommerfelt Suppl. Fl. Lapp., 39. 1826. Theodore S. Cochrane Illustrated Basionym: Carex dioica var. parallela Laestadius
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franktonii, Atriplex glabriuscula var. glabriuscula Edmondston Fl. Shetland, 39. 1845. Stanley L. Welsh Common names: Glabrous orach Treatment appears in
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appears in FNA Volume 20. Treatment on page 20. Mentioned on page 3, 17, 23, 39, 43, 78, 82, 83, 101, 102. Perennials [subshrubs, shrubs], 3–300 cm (rhizomatous
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half-unfolded; petiole (14–) 16–21.8 (–24) mm; blade elliptic to slightly obovate, (39–) 46–65 (–77) × (25–) 26–38 (–45) mm, base subcordate or rounded, each margin
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Treatment appears in FNA Volume 20. Treatment on page 43. Mentioned on page 19, 39, 78, 79, 102. Perennials, 40–200 cm (rhizomatous or with short woody crowns)
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7–30 cm. > 39 39 Pedicels 5–16 mm; seeds 1.7–2.2 mm, surfaces reticulate to low papillose; stems only with hypogeous turions. Epilobium mirabile 39 Pedicels
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7–80(–90) cm. > 39 39 Pollen sacs 1.8–2.2 mm, sides sparsely hispid; stems retrorsely hairy; leaves retrorsely hairy. Penstemon lemhiensis 39 Pollen sacs (1
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formed by ultimate venation; secondary veins often adaxially impressed. > 39 38 Leaf blade abaxially even, without prominent raised reticulum formed by
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Schimper Bryol. Europ. 3: 39, plate 206. 1836 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 28. Treatment on page 40. Mentioned on page 39. Illustrator: Patricia M.
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Ceanothus speciesCeanothus cordulatus Kellogg Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 2: 124, fig. 39. 1863. Clifford L. Schmidt†, Dieter H. Wilken Common names: Mountain whitethorn
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rounded, margins serrulate to denticulate most of length, not revolute, teeth 39–71, apex obtuse, abaxial surface light or gray-green, tomentose to tomentulose
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familyCommelinaceae genusTradescantia speciesTradescantia subaspera Ker Gawler Bot. Mag. 39: plate 1597. 1814. Robert B. Faden IllustratedEndemic Synonyms: Tradescantia
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names: Silver palm Illustrated Basionym: Palma argentata Jacquin Fragm. Bot., 39, plate 43, fig. 1. 1801 Synonyms: Coccothrinax garberi (Chapman) Sargent Coccothrinax
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