Urochloa ciliatissima

(Buckley) R.D. Webster
Common names: Fringed signalgrass Sandhill grass
Synonyms: Panicum ciliatissimutn Brachiaria ciliatissima
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 25. Treatment on page 505.

Plants perennial; shortly rhizomatous or with long stolons. Culms 10-40 cm, erect to ascending, solitary or in small clumps; nodes retrorsely villous; internodes glabrous. Sheaths glabrous or with papillose-based hairs; ligules 0.5-1.5 mm; blades 1-7 (9) cm long, 2-5 mm wide, glabrous or pilose on both surfaces, margins ciliate basally, with papillose-based hairs. Panicles 3-6 cm long, 0.5-1 cm wide, with 2-6 spikelike primary branches in 2 ranks; rachises scabridulous; primary branches 0.5-2 cm, appressed, axes 0.3-0.4 mm wide, triquetrous, scabridulous, glabrous or puberulent; secondary branches rarely present; pedicels shorter than the spikelets, scabridulous. Spikelets 3-4.5 mm long, 1.5-2 mm wide, planoconvex, solitary, in 2 rows, appressed to the branch axes. Glumes scarcely separate, rachilla between the glumes not pronounced; lower glumes 2.8-3.2 mm, 5-7-veined, glabrous or with long hairs basally; upper glumes 3-4.5 mm, (9) 11-13-veined, with¬out cross venation, mostly puberulent, margins pilose-fringed; lower florets staminate; lower lemmas 3-4.5 mm, 7-9-veined, without cross venation, mostly puberulent, margins pilose-fringed; lower paleas present; upper lemmas 2.4-2.8 mm long, 1.3-1.4 mm wide, planoconvex, apices broadly acute to rounded, mucronate; anthers about 1 mm. Caryopses 1.8-3 mm. 2n = 36.

Discussion

Urochloa ciliatissima is endemic to Texas, Oklahoma, and Arkansas, and grows on sandy soils. Reports of its occurrence in Mexico are based on misidentifications (Morrone and Zuloaga 1993).

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"decumbent" is not a number.

... more about "Urochloa ciliatissima"
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (?) +
mucronate +, broadly acute +  and rounded +
anatomy +  and kranz +
J.K. Wipff +  and Rahmona A. Thompson +
(Buckley) R.D. Webster +
1 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
puberulent +  and glabrous +
scabridulous +
triquetrous +
0.03 cm0.3 mm <br />3.0e-4 m <br /> (0.04 cm0.4 mm <br />4.0e-4 m <br />) +
keeled +  and rounded +
pseudopetiolate +  and branching +
divergent +  and parallel +
intravaginal +, extravaginal +, branching +  and basal +
swelling +
membranous +
disarticulating +  and pseudopetiolate +
non-radiate +  and radiate +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br />) +
pilose +  and glabrous +
ovatelanceolate +  and lanceolate +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
spikelike +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
not developed +
compressed +, ovoid +  and elliptic +
0.18 cm1.8 mm <br />0.0018 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
sometimes longer +
Fringed signalgrass +  and Sandhill grass +
in small clumps +  and solitary +
erect +  and ascending +
geniculate +
10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br /> (40 cm400 mm <br />0.4 m <br />) +
Ark. +, Okla. +, N.Mex. +  and Tex. +
1/2 +  and 3/4 +
capillary +
germination +
pistillate +  and staminate +
sometimes longer +
compressed +  and terete +
shorter or longer +
subtending +
unequal +
membranous +
papillose-based +
uncinate +
bracteate +  and ebracteate +
solid +  and hollow +
cauline +  and basal +
coriaceous +
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br />) +
membranous +
inconspicuous +
with long hairs +  and glabrous +
1/5 +  and 2/3 +
0.28 cm2.8 mm <br />0.0028 m <br /> (0.32 cm3.2 mm <br />0.0032 m <br />) +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.45 cm4.5 mm <br />0.0045 m <br />) +
pilose-fringed +
complex +  and simple +
concealed +  and prominent +
2 +  and 1 +
3cm +  and 6cm +
subterranean +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
scabridulous +
dry +  and fleshy +
verticillate +, subopposite +  and alternate +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
scabridulous +
with papillose-based hairs +  and glabrous +
pedicellate +  and subsessile +
divergent +  and paired +
well-developed +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.45 cm4.5 mm <br />0.0045 m <br />) +
1 +  and 60 +
unisexual +  and bisexual +
planoconvex +
1.5mm +  and 2mm +
1 +  and 3 +
fused +  and free +
2 +  and 3 +
dome--shaped +  and triangular +
Panicum ciliatissimutn +  and Brachiaria ciliatissima +
Urochloa ciliatissima +
Urochloa +
species +
membranous +
not disarticulating +, sessile +  and (0)1-11-veined +
acuminate +, mucronate +, planoconvex +, ovoid +  and ellipsoid +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.45 cm4.5 mm <br />0.0045 m <br />) +
0.24 cm2.4 mm <br />0.0024 m <br /> (0.28 cm2.8 mm <br />0.0028 m <br />) +
verrucose +  and rugose +
planoconvex +
1.3mm +  and 1.4mm +
lustrous +  and shiny +
with long stolons +  and rhizomatous +
aquatic +  and terrestrial +
dioecious +, monoecious +  and synoecious +
10 +, 9 +, 8 +  and 7 +