Schoenoplectus torreyi

(Olney) Palla

Allg. Bot. Z. Syst. 17(Beil.): 3. 1912.

Common names: Torrey’s three-square bulrush Torrey’s bulrush scirpe de Torrey
Basionym: Scirpus torreyi Olney Proc. Providence Franklin Soc. 1: 32. 1847
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 23. Treatment on page 54. Mentioned on page 46, 51.

Plants mat-forming; rhizomes 1–3 mm diam. Culms sharply trigonous, sides concave distally, 0.4–1.5 m × 1.5–5 mm. Leaves 4–7, nearly equaling culm; sheath fronts delicately pinnate-fibrillose; blades 3–6, erect, the distal mostly longer than sheath, 1–2 mm, wide, proximally thickly V-shaped central region trigonous-channeled to laterally flattened, apically asymmetically laterally flattened-trigonous; apex often markedly eccentric, glabrous, smooth or angles papillose. Inflorescences capitate or 1 spikelet; proximal bract erect, resembling leaf-blade, 3–20 cm. Spikelets 1–4, 7–18 × 3–5 mm; scales straw-colored to orangebrown or central region greenish, ovatelanceolate, 4–5 × 2.5 mm, margins entire, smooth or awn sparsely spinulose, sometimes distally ciliolate at 40X, apex acute, mucronate, mucro 0.2–0.5 mm. Flowers: perianth members 6, brown, bristlelike, equaling to slightly exceeding achene, spinulose; anthers 2–3 mm; styles 3-fid. Achenes brown, compressed trigonous, ovoid to obovoid, 3.5–4.5 × 1.7–2 mm; beak 0.5–1 mm. 2n = 70.


Phenology: Fruiting summer.
Habitat: Emergent in fresh ponds and marshes, often with fluctuating water levels
Elevation: 10–200 m

Distribution

V23 76-distribution-map.jpg

Man., N.B., Ont., Que., Conn., Del., Ill., Ind., Iowa, Ky., Maine, Mass., Mich., Minn., Mo., N.H., N.J., N.Y., Ohio, Pa., R.I., Vt., Va., Wis.

Discussion

Schoenoplectus torreyi is very locally distributed, and probably has been extirpated from many historic localities. A specimen from an uncertain locality in Kentucky was collected in 1830. I have not seen specimens from North Dakota, South Dakota, or Nebraska. Scirpus torreyi was placed in synonymy under S. subterminalis Torrey var. cylindricus (Torrey) T. Koyama [misapplied, = Bolboschoenus novae-angliae by T. Koyama (1962b)].

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"shortened" is not a number."prolonged" is not a number.

... more about "Schoenoplectus torreyi"
0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br /> (0.45 cm4.5 mm <br />0.0045 m <br />) +
with transverse wavy ridges +  and rugose +
ovoid;obovoid +
1.7mm;2mm +
papillose +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
emarginate +  and entire +
eccentric +
mucronate;acute +
S. Galen Smith +
(Olney) Palla +
ciliolate +
deciduous +
enlarged +
Scirpus torreyi +
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
rudimentary +
3 +  and 6 +
glumaceous +  and foliaceous +
2-ranked +  and arranged +
ascending +  and appressed +
parallel +  and divergent +
terete +, rolled +  and plicate +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
ovatelanceolate +, flattened-trigonous +, trigonous-channeled +  and laterally flattened +
Torrey’s three-square bulrush +, Torrey’s bulrush +  and scirpe de Torrey +
dorsiventrally flat +  and c-shaped or laterally compressed +
trigonous +
0.5mm;2-3mm +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
Man. +, N.B. +, Ont. +, Que. +, Conn. +, Del. +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Iowa +, Ky. +, Maine +, Mass. +, Mich. +, Minn. +, Mo. +, N.H. +, N.J. +, N.Y. +, Ohio +, Pa. +, R.I. +, Vt. +, Va. +  and Wis. +
10–200 m +
hypogynous +  and subtending +
biconvex +  and trigonous +
Emergent in fresh ponds and marshes, often with fluctuating water levels +
1-3 times branched or capitate or of 1 spikelet +
multi-ranked +, 2-ranked +, 3-ranked +  and alternate +
cauline +  and basal +
membranous +
0.02 cm0.2 mm <br />2.0e-4 m <br /> (0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br />) +
curved +  and straight +
with (1-)3-6(-30) bristles and/or scales +
Fruiting summer. +
2-3(-4)-carpellate +
3 (?) +  and 1 (?) +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (20 cm200 mm <br />0.2 m <br />) +
Allg. Bot. Z. Syst. +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
adventitious +
straw-colored +  and orangebrown +
deciduous +
distinct +
basal +  and proximal +
2-keeled +
pinnate-fibrillose +
40 cm400 mm <br />0.4 m <br /> (150 cm1,500 mm <br />1.5 m <br />) +
concave +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (?) +  and 0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (?) +
0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br /> (1.8 cm18 mm <br />0.018 m <br />) +
septate +, hollow +  and solid +
compressed +, terete +  and trigonous +
papillate +
Schoenoplectus torreyi +
Schoenoplectus sect. Malacogeton +
species +
not +  and rhizomatous +
plant +  and mat-forming +