Plagiomnium cuspidatum

(Hedwig) T. J. Koponen

Ann. Bot. Fenn. 5: 146. 1968.

Basionym: Mnium cuspidatum Hedwig Sp. Musc. Frond., 192, plate 45, figs. 5–8. 1801
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 28. Treatment on page 231. Mentioned on page 230, 232, 233.

Erect stems 1–2 (–3.5) cm, not dendroid; sterile stems to 7 cm. Leaves dark green or yellow-green, contorted when dry, flat when moist, obovate, ± diamond-shaped or occasionally elliptic, 3–5 mm; base broadly long-decurrent; margins toothed from about mid leaf to apex, teeth sharp, of 1 (or 2) cells; apex acute or acuminate, long-cuspidate, cusp sometimes toothed; costa percurrent or excurrent; medial laminal cells short-elongate or ± isodiametric, 20–30 (–40) µm, slightly smaller near margins, occasionally in longitudinal rows, rarely in diagonal rows, strongly collenchymatous, walls not pitted; marginal cells linear, in 2–4 (–5) rows. Sexual condition synoicous. Seta single, yellow, brown, or sometimes reddish, 2–3 cm. Capsule pendent, ovoid or cylindric, 2–3.5 mm, neck not distinct; operculum conic-apiculate. Spores 18–31 µm.


Phenology: Capsules mature late spring.
Habitat: Soil, logs, rock, stumps or tree bases in wet meadows/carrs, forested rich peatlands, wet forests, fire-dependent forests/woodlands, mesic hardwood forests, cliff/talus
Elevation: low to moderate elevations

Distribution

V28 368-distribution-map.gif

Greenland, Alta., B.C., Man., N.B., Nfld. and Labr., N.S., Ont., P.E.I., Que., Sask., Ala., Alaska, Ark., Calif., Colo., Conn., Del., Fla., Ga., Ill., Ind., Iowa, Kans., Ky., La., Maine, Md., Mass., Mich., Minn., Miss., Mo., Mont., Nebr., N.H., N.J., N.Mex., N.Y., N.C., N.Dak., Ohio, Okla., Oreg., Pa., R.I., S.C., S.Dak., Tenn., Tex., Vt., Va., W.Va., Wis., Wyo., Mexico (México), Europe, Asia, Africa

Discussion

Plagiomnium cuspidatum, P. drummondii, and P. floridanum are the only North American species of the genus that consistently have well-developed, sharp teeth restricted to the distal portions of the leaf margins. Plagiomnium ellipticum and P. rostratum often have leaves that are toothed only distally, but the teeth are small and mostly blunt, and the leaves are never obovate. Plagiomnium cuspidatum has larger leaves and larger, less collenchymatous laminal cells than P. drummondii and P. floridanum. The thinner cell walls and larger cells of P. drummondii give it a distinctly more translucent aspect than P. cuspidatum and P. floridanum.

In addition to the morphological characters in the key, Plagiomnium cuspidatum is separated from the closely allied P. floridanum by sexual condition, ploidy level, and ecology (R. Wyatt and I. J. Odrzykoski 2012). Plagiomnium cuspidatum is synoicous and diploid, with a chromosome count of n = 12, whereas P. floridanum is dioicous and haploid, with a chromosome count of n = 6. Although Plagiomnium cuspidatum exhibits a relatively broad ecological amplitude, P. floridanum shows a preference for soils associated with limestone.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.
... more about "Plagiomnium cuspidatum"
blackish +, orange-yellow +, reddish-brown +, yellowish-brown +, yellowish green +, red +, brown +  and yellow +
acuminate +  and acute +
Terry T. McIntosh +  and Steven G. Newmaster +
(Hedwig) T. J. Koponen +
long-decurrent +
Mnium cuspidatum +
cucullate +
yellowish-brown +  and yellow +
cylindric +  and ovoid +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br />) +
undifferentiated +
nodulose +
excurrent +  and percurrent +
subpercurrent +
toothed +
Greenland +, Alta. +, B.C. +, Man. +, N.B. +, Nfld. and Labr. +, N.S. +, Ont. +, P.E.I. +, Que. +, Sask. +, Ala. +, Alaska +, Ark. +, Calif. +, Colo. +, Conn. +, Del. +, Fla. +, Ga. +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Iowa +, Kans. +, Ky. +, La. +, Maine +, Md. +, Mass. +, Mich. +, Minn. +, Miss. +, Mo. +, Mont. +, Nebr. +, N.H. +, N.J. +, N.Mex. +, N.Y. +, N.C. +, N.Dak. +, Ohio +, Okla. +, Oreg. +, Pa. +, R.I. +, S.C. +, S.Dak. +, Tenn. +, Tex. +, Vt. +, Va. +, W.Va. +, Wis. +, Wyo. +, Mexico (México) +, Europe +, Asia +  and Africa +
low to moderate elevations +
yellow +  and yellowish-brown +
brown +  and yellow +
lanceolate-acuminate +
Soil, logs, rock, stumps or tree bases in wet meadows/carrs, forested rich peatlands, wet forests, fire-dependent forests/woodlands, mesic hardwood forests, cliff/talus +
crowded +  and distant +
yellow-green +  and dark green +
erect-spreading +
elliptic +, diamond--shaped +  and obovate +
larger +  and small +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
yellow-green +  and green +
synoicous +  and sexual +
rhomboidal +  and linear +
isodiametric +  and short-elongate +
not distinct +
rostrate +  and conic-apiculate +
Capsules mature late spring. +
Ann. Bot. Fenn. +
smaller +  and larger +
reddish +, brown +  and yellow +
straight +  and flexuose +
elongate +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br />) +
spheric +
not dendroid +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (3.5 cm35 mm <br />0.035 m <br />) +
brownish +, yellow-green +  and green +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br />) +
Plagiomnium cuspidatum +
Plagiomnium +
species +
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br />) +