Petrorhagia prolifera

(Linnaeus) P. W. Ball & Heywood

Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.), Bot. 3: 161. 1964.

Common names: Proliferous or childing pink
IntroducedIllustrated
Basionym: Dianthus prolifer Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 1: 410. 1753
Synonyms: Kohlrauschia prolifera (Linnaeus) Kunth Tunica prolifera (Linnaeus) Scopoli
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 5. Treatment on page 164. Mentioned on page 95, 163, 165.

Plants annual. Stems erect, simple or branched, (6–) 20–30 (–60) cm; internodes glabrous or midstem ones slightly scabrous. Leaves: sheath 1–2 mm, ± as long as wide; blade 3-veined, linear to linear-lanceolate, 10–30 mm, margins serrate-scabrous. Inflorescences capitate; inflorescence bracts and involucel bracteoles enclosing flowers, broadly ovate, brown-scarious, apex obtuse or of outer bracts mucronate. Pedicels 0.1–1.5 mm. Flowers: sepals (7–) 10–12 mm; petals pink to slightly purplish (rarely white), primary-veins 1, veins not darkly colored near base of blade, apex truncate or emarginate. Seeds shield-shaped, 1.1–1.6 (–1.8) mm, fine to coarsely reticulate. 2n = 30 (Europe).


Phenology: Flowering summer.
Habitat: Roadsides, ballast, fields
Elevation: 0-1100 m

Distribution

V5 336-distribution-map.gif

Introduced; B.C., Ala., Ark., Del., Ga., Idaho, Ky., Md., Mich., Mo., N.J., N.Y., N.C., Okla., Pa., Tenn., Va., c, s Eurasia, in Europe (Great Britain)

Discussion

Historical records for Petrorhagia prolifera exist also for California (1902; Congdon s.n., MIN), Ohio (last collected in 1896; Stair s.n., OS), and South Carolina (1800s; Durand s.n., NY).

Petrorhagia prolifera has been known in the northeastern United States since at least 1837, and its range has since expanded, with isolated populations occurring southwestward from New Jersey toward Arkansas and Oklahoma as well as western Michigan. Some introductions may have been as a contaminant in grass seed used for highway planting in Tennessee (B. E. Wofford et al. 1977). Literature reports of P. prolifera in Louisiana and West Virginia have not been confirmed.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"fine" is not a number.

... more about "Petrorhagia prolifera"
awned +  and not hooded +
emarginate +  and truncate +
mucronate;of outer bracts;obtuse +
Richard K. Rabeler +  and Ronald L. Hartman +
(Linnaeus) P. W. Ball & Heywood +
Dianthus prolifer +
linear +  and linear-lanceolate +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br />) +
rarely +  and not succulent +
reduced +
brown-scarious +
oblong;4-lobed +
Proliferous or childing pink +
dish--shaped +
expanded +
B.C. +, Ala. +, Ark. +, Del. +, Ga. +, Idaho +, Ky. +, Md. +, Mich. +, Mo. +, N.J. +, N.Y. +, N.C. +, Okla. +, Pa. +, Tenn. +, Va. +, c +, s Eurasia +  and in Europe (Great Britain) +
0-1100 m +
subsessile +  and sessile +
conspicuous +
female +, unisexual +  and bisexual +
stalked +  and simple +
Roadsides, ballast, fields +
whorled +  and opposite +
connate +
brown +, reddish +  and green +
brown +  and white +
swollen +
3 +  and 5 +
crassinucellate +  and bitegmic +
campylotropous +
0.01 cm0.1 mm <br />1.0e-4 m <br /> (0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br />) +
pink +  and slightly purplish +
fugacious +
Flowering summer. +
Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.), Bot. +
0.16 cm1.6 mm <br />0.0016 m <br /> (0.18 cm1.8 mm <br />0.0018 m <br />) +
blackish brown +
reticulate +  and papillate +
shield--shaped +
0.11 cm1.1 mm <br />0.0011 m <br /> (0.16 cm1.6 mm <br />0.0016 m <br />) +
0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
persistent +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br />) +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
Introduced +  and Illustrated +
branched +  and simple +
30 cm300 mm <br />0.3 m <br /> (60 cm600 mm <br />0.6 m <br />) +
prostrate +, decumbent +  and sprawling +
angular;terete +
20 cm200 mm <br />0.2 m <br /> (30 cm300 mm <br />0.3 m <br />) +
[30 +  and 2 +
papillate +
distinct +
filiform +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br />) +
Kohlrauschia prolifera +  and Tunica prolifera +
slender +  and stout +
Petrorhagia prolifera +
Petrorhagia +
species +
straight +
divided +
reddish and white +  and green +
terete +  and cylindric +
brown-scarious +
stoloniferous +, rhizomatous +  and taprooted +
pubescence of simple hairs or stalked glands +  and glabrous +
15 +, 14 +  and [13 +