Euphorbia platyphyllos

Linnaeus

Sp. Pl. 1: 460. 1753.

Common names: Broadleaf spurge
WeedyIntroduced
Synonyms: Galarhoeus platyphyllos (Linnaeus) Haworth Tithymalus platyphyllos (Linnaeus) Hill
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 12. Treatment on page 307. Mentioned on page 295.

Herbs, annual, with taproot. Stems erect, unbranched or branched, 15–80 cm, usually glabrous, rarely pilose. Leaves: petiole absent; blade oblanceolate or obovate, 20–50 × 5–10 mm, base subcordate or cuneate, margins finely serrulate, apex usually acute, occasionally obtuse, occasionally mucronulate, surfaces usually sparsely pilose, occasionally glabrate; venation pinnate, midvein prominent. Cyathial arrangement: terminal pleiochasial branches (3–) 5, proximalmost node 3-branched, more distal ones 1–3 times 2-branched; pleiochasial bracts similar in shape and size to distal leaves; dichasial bracts distinct, ovate-triangular, base obtuse, margins finely serrulate, apex obtuse, mucronulate; axillary cymose branches 0–7 (–14). Cyathia: peduncle absent. Involucre cupulate, 0.9–1.2 × 1.3–1.6 mm, sparsely pilose; glands 4, elliptic to ovate, 0.5–0.7 × 0.7–1 mm; horns absent. Staminate flowers 10–12. Pistillate flowers: ovary glabrous, styles 1.6–1.8 mm, 2-fid. Capsules globose or subglobose, 2.5–3 × 2.5–3 mm, slightly 3-lobed; cocci rounded, sparsely verrucose, glabrous; columella 1.9–2.1 mm. Seeds dark-brown, ovoid, dorsiventrally compressed, 2–2.2 × 1.5–1.7 mm, smooth; caruncle ± reniform, 0.2–0.5 × 0.2–0.5 mm.


Phenology: Flowering and fruiting summer–fall.
Habitat: Lake shores, roadsides, waste places.
Elevation: 0–500 m.

Distribution

V12 337-distribution-map.jpg

Introduced; Ont., Mass., Mich., N.Y., N.C., Ohio, Pa., R.I., Tenn., Vt., Wash., s Europe, also in South America (Argentina), also in South America (Chile), also in South America (Paraguay)

Discussion

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"connate" is not a number. "distinct" is not a number."connate" is not a number. "distinct" is not a number.

... more about "Euphorbia platyphyllos"
mucronulate;obtuse;mucronulate;obtuse;acute +
Ricarda Riina +, Dmitry V. Geltman +, Jess A. Peirson +  and Paul E. Berry +
Linnaeus +
obtuse +, cuneate +  and subcordate +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br />) +
obovate;oblanceolate +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
dichasial +  and pleiochasial +
distinct +
ovate-triangular +
cymose +, branched +, unbranched +  and pleiochasial +
arranged +  and opposite +
additional;2;4 +
0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
3-lobed +, subglobose +  and globose +
0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
0.02 cm0.2 mm <br />2.0e-4 m <br /> (0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br />) +
0.02 cm0.2 mm <br />2.0e-4 m <br /> (0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br />) +
verrucose +
rounded +
0.19 cm1.9 mm <br />0.0019 m <br /> (0.21 cm2.1 mm <br />0.0021 m <br />) +
Broadleaf spurge +
1-3 times 2-branched +
Ont. +, Mass. +, Mich. +, N.Y. +, N.C. +, Ohio +, Pa. +, R.I. +, Tenn. +, Vt. +, Wash. +, s Europe +, also in South America (Argentina) +, also in South America (Chile) +  and also in South America (Paraguay) +
0–500 m. +
pistillate +  and staminate +
0.5mm;0.7mm +
subtending +
elliptic +  and ovate +
0.7mm +  and 1mm +
Lake shores, roadsides, waste places. +
axillary +  and terminal +
0.09 cm0.9 mm <br />9.0e-4 m <br /> (0.12 cm1.2 mm <br />0.0012 m <br />) +
0.13 cm1.3 mm <br />0.0013 m <br /> (0.16 cm1.6 mm <br />0.0016 m <br />) +
caducous +, deciduous +  and persistent +
bractlike +
palmate +  and pinnate +
toothed +  and entire +
connate;distinct +
hairy +  and glabrous +
Flowering and fruiting summer–fall. +
dark-brown +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.22 cm2.2 mm <br />0.0022 m <br />) +
compressed +  and ovoid +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.17 cm1.7 mm <br />0.0017 m <br />) +
Weedy +  and Introduced +
free +, connate +  and distinct +
branched +  and unbranched +
pilose +  and glabrous +
15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br /> (80 cm800 mm <br />0.8 m <br />) +
herbaceous +  and woody +
deciduous +  and persistent +
connate +  and distinct +
0.16 cm1.6 mm <br />0.0016 m <br /> (?) +  and 0.18 cm1.8 mm <br />0.0018 m <br /> (?) +
glabrate +  and pilose +
Galarhoeus platyphyllos +  and Tithymalus platyphyllos +
Euphorbia platyphyllos +
Euphorbia subg. Esula +
species +
rounded +  and attenuate +
10 +, 9 +, 8 +, 7 +  and 6 +