Carex bicknellii

Britton in N. L. Britton and A. Brown

in N. L. Britton and A. Brown, Ill. Fl. N. U.S. 1: 360. 1896.

IllustratedEndemic
Basionym: Carex straminea var. crawei Boott Ill. Carex, 121, plate 388. 1862,
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 23. Treatment on page 374. Mentioned on page 284, 338, 339, 375.

Plants cespitose with fewer than 25 culms per clump; rhizomes appearing elongate only in old clumps. Culms (35–) 40–110 cm; vegetative culms few, inconspicuous, with 6–8 leaves, not strikingly 3-ranked. Leaves: sheaths adaxially white-hyaline, summits concave or truncate, prolonged beyond collar to 2.5 mm, papillose at least near apex; distal ligules 1–5 mm; blades 3–4 per fertile culm, 2.5–25 cm × 2–5 mm, usually adaxially papillose. Inflorescences open, pale-brown, 0.24–0.62 cm × 8–15 mm; proximal internode 5–17 mm; 2d internode 3–10 mm; proximal bracts scalelike, with bristle tips shorter than inflorescences. Spikes 3–6 (–8), distant, distinct, ovoid to clavate, 7–21 × 5.5–12 mm, base rounded to long tapered, apex rounded. Pistillate scales reddish-brown with green midstripe, lanceovate to ovate, 3.1–5.4 mm, 1.9–3.2 times as long as wide, (1–) 1.4–2.3 mm shorter than perigynia, narrower than perignyia, apex obtuse to acute. Anthers (2.4–) 2.8–4.2 mm. Staminate scales obtuse. Perigynia 15–80 in larger spikes, ascending or ascending-spreading, green to pale whitish green with reddish-brown margin, conspicuously 8–12-veined abaxially, 4–8-veined adaxially, broadly elliptic to nearly orbiculate, (4.5–) 5.1–6.7 (–7.1) × (2.4–) 2.8–4.2 mm, 0.5–0.7 mm thick, membranaceous with brown achene visible through hyaline adaxial face, margin flat, including wing 0.8–1.2 mm wide, often erose, scalloped, or with an irregular tooth, smooth; beak pale-brown at tip, flat, ciliate-serrulate, abaxial suture inconspicuous, distance from beak tip to achene 2.4–3.7 mm. Achenes elliptic to oblong, 1.6–2.2 × 1.1–1.6 mm, 0.5 mm thick. 2n = 76, 78.


Phenology: Fruiting spring.
Habitat: Dry to mesic prairies, open woodlands, rock or sand barrens
Elevation: 50–400 m

Distribution

V23 662-distribution-map.jpg

Man., Ont., Conn., Maine, Mass., Ill., Ind., Iowa, Kans., Mich., Minn., Mo., Nebr., N.J., N.Y., N.Dak., Ohio, Pa., R.I., S.C., S.Dak., Wis.

Discussion

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"shortened" is not a number."+timesaslongasinflorescences" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property."not undefined" is not a number."narrower" is not a number.

... more about "Carex bicknellii"
elliptic;oblong +
smaller +
0.5 +  and 1.6-2.2×1.1-1.6 +
0.24 cm2.4 mm <br />0.0024 m <br /> (0.28 cm2.8 mm <br />0.0028 m <br />) +
0.28 cm2.8 mm <br />0.0028 m <br /> (0.42 cm4.2 mm <br />0.0042 m <br />) +
bidentatate +
papillose +
obtuse;acute +
Joy Mastrogiuseppe +, Paul E. Rothrock +, A. C. Dibble +  and A. A. Reznicek +
Britton in N. L. Britton and A. Brown +
persistent +
rounded +  and long tapered +
not enlarged +
Carex straminea var. crawei +
ciliate-serrulate +
2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br /> (25 cm250 mm <br />0.25 m <br />) +
3 +  and 4 +
papillose +
v--shaped +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
glumaceous +  and foliaceous +
2-ranked +  and arranged +
ascending +  and appressed +
scale-like +  and leaflike +
parallel +  and divergent +
terete +, rolled +  and plicate +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (?) +  and 0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> (?) +
inconspicuous +
fertile +  and vegetative +
round +  and trigonous +
40 cm400 mm <br />0.4 m <br /> (110 cm1,100 mm <br />1.1 m <br />) +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
Man. +, Ont. +, Conn. +, Maine +, Mass. +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Iowa +, Kans. +, Mich. +, Minn. +, Mo. +, Nebr. +, N.J. +, N.Y. +, N.Dak. +, Ohio +, Pa. +, R.I. +, S.C. +, S.Dak. +  and Wis. +
50–400 m +
open +, pistillate +  and staminate +
hypogynous +  and subtending +
biconvex +  and trigonous +
Dry to mesic prairies, open woodlands, rock or sand barrens +
0.24 cm2.4 mm <br />0.0024 m <br /> (0.62 cm6.2 mm <br />0.0062 m <br />) +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
not prophyllate +, sessile +  and pistillate +
multi-ranked +, 2-ranked +, 3-ranked +  and alternate +
basal +  and cauline +
reddish-brown +
scalloped +
0.8mm +  and 1.2mm +
with (1-)3-6(-30) bristles and/or scales +
4-8-veined +  and 8-12-veined +
green +  and pale whitish +
ascending-spreading +  and ascending +
membranaceous +
0.5mm +  and 0.7mm +
Fruiting spring. +
2-3(-4)-carpellate +
3 (?) +  and 1 (?) +
sheathless +  and bristlelike +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (1.7 cm17 mm <br />0.017 m <br />) +
in N. L. Britton and A. Brown, Ill. Fl. N. U.S. +
adventitious +
staminate +  and pistillate +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.14 cm1.4 mm <br />0.0014 m <br />) +
reddish-brown +
basal +  and proximal +
obtuse;lanceovate;ovate +
0.14 cm1.4 mm <br />0.0014 m <br /> (0.23 cm2.3 mm <br />0.0023 m <br />) +
herbaceous +  and membranous +
not differentiated +
cylindric +
Illustrated +  and Endemic +
distinct +
0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br /> (2.1 cm21 mm <br />0.021 m <br />) +
ovoid;clavate +
0.55 cm5.5 mm <br />0.0055 m <br /> (1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br />) +
1 +  and 3 +
septate +, hollow +  and solid +
compressed +, terete +  and trigonous +
papillate +
deciduous +  and persistent +
2-3(-4)-fid +
prolonged +
papillose +
truncate +  and concave +
Carex bicknellii +
Carex sect. Ovales +
species +
plant +  and cespitose +