Mirabilis albida

(Walter) Heimerl

Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 5: 182. 1901.

Illustrated
Basionym: Allionia albida Walter Fl. Carol., 84. 1788
Synonyms: Allionia coahuilensis Standley Allionia comata Small Allionia divaricata Rydberg Allionia hirsuta Pursh Allionia oblongifolia (A. Gray) Small Allionia pauciflora (Buckley) Standley Allionia pratensis Standley Allionia pseudaggregata (Heimerl) Standley Allionia pumila Standley Mirabilis ciliata (Standley) Standley Mirabilis coahuilensis (Standley) Standley Mirabilis comata (Small) Standley Mirabilis eutricha Shinners Mirabilis grayana (Standley) Standley Mirabilis hirsuta (Pursh) MacMillan Mirabilis lanceolata (Rydberg) Stan dley Mirabilis oblongifolia (A. Gray) Heimerl Mirabilis pauciflora (Buckley) Standley Mirabilis pseudaggregata Heimerl Mirabilis pumila (Standley) Standley Oxybaphus albidus (Walter) Sweet Oxybaphus coahuilensis (Standley) Weatherby Oxybaphus comatus (Small) Weatherby Oxybaphus hirsutus (Pursh)S weet Oxybaphus pauciflorus Buckley Oxybaphus pseudaggregatus (Heimerl) Weatherby Oxybaphus pumilus (Standley) Standley
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 4. Treatment on page 51. Mentioned on page 42, 48, 5.

Stems 1–many, erect to decumbent, few or highly branched, sparsely to densely leafy in basal 1/2 or throughout, 0.8–15 dm, glabrous to puberulent basally in 2 lines or throughout, hairs often awned, or stems villous and often viscid, or sometimes hirsute, hair types often mixed, spreading-pubescent. Leaves ascending to spreading at 10–90°; petiole 0–4 cm; blade green to glaucous blue-gray, linear-lanceolate to ovatelanceolate, ovate, or deltate, 1–11 × 0.6–2.5 cm in lanceolate leaves, 2–9 × 1–6.5 cm in ovate leaves, thin and fleshy to thick and coriaceous, base cuneate to round, truncate, or cordate, apex acute, obtuse, or round, surfaces glabrous or viscid-puberulent, viscid-villous, or hirsute. Inflorescences axillary or terminal, few branched, ± evenly forked and open, or, when axillary, often consisting only of single involucres (and then flowers commonly cleistogamous); peduncle 1–25 mm, puberulent with curled hairs, hispid, villous, or viscid-villous, crosswalls of hairs pale; involucres pale green or sometimes blushed with purple when young, widely bell-shaped, 4–7 mm in flower, 5–15 mm in fruit, sparsely to densely pubescent with small curled hairs or long-spreading hairs, often viscid, 50–80% connate, lobes ovate, triangular-ovate, broadly ovate, or occasionally round. Flowers (1–) 3 per involucre; perianth white, pink, or deep red-violet, 0.8–1.5 cm. Fruits brown to dark-brown with pale tan, brown, or dark-brown ribs, obovoid to narrowly obovate and tapering at both ends, 3.5–5.5 mm, pubescent with tufted spreading hairs 0.1–0.5 mm, with or without minute glandular-hairs; ribs round or round-angled, (0.3–) 0.7–1.5 times width of sulci, 0.5–1 times as wide as high, with tall shelflike tubercles (eastern part of range), smooth or somewhat rugose or moderately tuberculate (western part of range); sulci with prominent, pale, shelflike tubercles (eastern), minutely rugose or with small low warts (western). 2n = 58.


Phenology: Flowering late summer–early fall.
Habitat: Dry meadows, sandy prairies, hillsides, rocky slopes
Elevation: 0-2600 m

Distribution

V4 98-distribution-map.gif

Alta., B.C., Man., Ont., Que., Sask., Ala., Ariz., Ark., Calif., Colo., Conn., Ga., Ill., Ind., Iowa, Kans., Ky., La., Maine, Mass., Mich., Minn., Miss., Mo., Nebr., Nev., N.J., N.Mex., N.Y., N.Dak., Ohio, Okla., Pa., S.C., S.Dak., Tenn., Tex., Utah, Wis., Wyo., Mexico

Discussion

In the eastern half of the continent, Mirabilis albida is reasonably uniform, usually erect, with lanceolate or narrowly oblong leaves, and fruits with large, wartlike tubercles on ribs and sulci. These fruits are very similar to those of M. nyctaginea, except they are usually yellowish brown rather than reddish brown. On the western plains, M. albida intergrades with M. linearis. R. Spellenberg (1998), in attempting to maintain a fairly uniform M. albida, provided a table distinguishing among it, M. oblongifolia, and M. melanotricha. Distinguishing leaf forms of M. oblongifolia as circumscribed by C. F. Reed (1969) from western races of M. albida becomes untenable, as proposed by B. L. Turner (1993b). Individual specimens are sometimes very different, but in a series of populations distinctions merge. The minute glandular hairs beneath the tufts of larger hairs and the presence of large, shelflike tubercles are fairly consistent throughout the eastern half of the continent. In the southwestern mountains, where M. oblongifolia in the broad sense occurs, and in the northern Rocky Mountains, where M. lanceolata occurs (as these phases in the complex have been named), both features are either inconsistent or absent, the fruits becoming much less warty and more like those of M. linearis. Some phases, such as M. comata, and Allionia pratensis, seem to form reasonably recognizable geographically and ecologically restricted populations and may be worthy of taxonomic recognition, perhaps at the infraspecific level. The type of M. hirsuta has the general form of broad-leaved plains races of M. albida is lightly hispid on basal parts. The exceedingly hispid, broad-leaved forms commonly identified as M. hirsuta from near the eastern base of the Rocky Mountains are here recognized as M. rotundifolia; the hispid narrow-leaved phases from the southwestern plains are included within M. linearis.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

No values specified."thin" is not a number.

... more about "Mirabilis albida"
round;obtuse;round;obtuse;acute +
Richard W. Spellenberg +
(Walter) Heimerl +
glutinous +
cuneate +  and round truncate or cordate +
constricted +
woody +, leathery +  and fleshy +
Allionia albida +
green;glaucous blue-gray +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (11 cm110 mm <br />0.11 m <br />) +
linear-lanceolate;ovatelanceolate ovate or deltate +
coriaceous +  and fleshy +
persistent +
distinct +, , +  and connate +
corollalike +  and petaloid +
branched +, congested +  and open +
subsessile +  and sessile +
Alta. +, B.C. +, Man. +, Ont. +, Que. +, Sask. +, Ala. +, Ariz. +, Ark. +, Calif. +, Colo. +, Conn. +, Ga. +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Iowa +, Kans. +, Ky. +, La. +, Maine +, Mass. +, Mich. +, Minn. +, Miss. +, Mo. +, Nebr. +, Nev. +, N.J. +, N.Mex. +, N.Y. +, N.Dak. +, Ohio +, Okla. +, Pa. +, S.C. +, S.Dak. +, Tenn. +, Tex. +, Utah +, Wis. +, Wyo. +  and Mexico +
0-2600 m +
curved +  and straight +
inconspicuous +  and showy +
cleistogamous +, chasmogamous +  and bisexual +
brown +  and dark-brown with pale tan punct brown or dark-brown +
tapering +, obovoid +  and narrowly obovate +
0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br /> (0.55 cm5.5 mm <br />0.0055 m <br />) +
Dry meadows, sandy prairies, hillsides, rocky slopes +
spreading +  and long-spreading +
spreading-pubescent +, glabrous +  and puberulent +
0.01 cm0.1 mm <br />1.0e-4 m <br /> (0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br />) +
open +  and branched +
terminal +  and axillary +
blushed with purple +, sometimes +  and pale green +
bell--shaped +
accrescent +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
herbaceous;papery +
sessile +  and petiolate +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (9 cm90 mm <br />0.09 m <br />) +
ascending;spreading +
ovate +  and lanceolate +
unequal +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (?) +  and 6.5 cm65 mm <br />0.065 m <br /> (?) +
5-lobed +
round +, ovate +  and triangular-ovate +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
entire +  and crisped +
viscid-villous +, villous +, hispid +  and puberulent +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br />) +
red-violet;deep;pink;red-violet;deep;pink;white +
chasmogamous +  and cleistogamous +
5-lobed +  and flared +
constricted +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br />) +
Flowering late summer–early fall. +
Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève +
not evident +  and defined +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
tuberculate +  and rugose +
round-angled +  and round +
coriaceous +
(0.3-)0.7-1.5 times width of sulci +
0.5-1 times as wide as high with tall shelflike tubercles +
thick +  and thin +
cordlike +  and cylindric +
membranaceous +
ribbed +, 10-ribbed +  and 5-ribbed +
pubescent +, glabrous +  and warty +
wrinkled +
Illustrated +
highly branched +  and sparsely densely leafy +
erect +  and decumbent +
hirsute +  and villous +
highly branched to sparsely densely leafy +, few +, 1 +  and many +
fusiform +  and linear +
filiform +
mucilaginous +
hirsute +, viscid-villous +, viscid-puberulent +  and glabrous +
slightly rugose +  and prominently tuberculate +
Allionia coahuilensis +, Allionia comata +, Allionia divaricata +, Allionia hirsuta +, Allionia oblongifolia +, Allionia pauciflora +, Allionia pratensis +, Allionia pseudaggregata +, Allionia pumila +, Mirabilis ciliata +, Mirabilis coahuilensis +, Mirabilis comata +, Mirabilis eutricha +, Mirabilis grayana +, Mirabilis hirsuta +, Mirabilis lanceolata +, Mirabilis oblongifolia +, Mirabilis pauciflora +, Mirabilis pseudaggregata +, Mirabilis pumila +, Oxybaphus albidus +, Oxybaphus coahuilensis +, Oxybaphus comatus +, Oxybaphus hirsutus +, Oxybaphus pauciflorus +, Oxybaphus pseudaggregatus +  and Oxybaphus pumilus +
ropelike +  and swollen +
Mirabilis albida +
Mirabilis sect. Oxybaphus +
species +
gland-tipped +
expanded +
pubescent +  and glabrous +