Iris savannarum

Small

Addisonia 9: 57, plate 317. 1925.

Common names: Prairie iris
IllustratedEndemic
Synonyms: Iris albispiritus Small Iris hexagona var. savannarum (Small) R. C. Foster Iris kimballiae Small Iris rivularis Small
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 26. Treatment on page 393. Mentioned on page 374, 392, 394.

Rhizomes greenish, freely branching, forming large, open clumps, 2–2.5 cm diam., fleshy, with fibrous bases of old leaves not covering rhizome but persisting on ringlike scars. Stems 1-branched, solid, 3–10 dm. Leaves: basal usually dying back shortly after anthesis, blade bright green, 6–10 dm × 0.8–2 cm, sometimes glaucescent; cauline with blade elongate, linear-attenuate, 15–20 cm, exceeding flowers. Inflorescence units 1–3-flowered, branch units 1–2-flowered; spathes lanceolate, subequal or unequal, apex acute; outer 8–10 cm, herbaceous, margins scarious; inner 6–9 cm, completely scarious. Flowers: perianth blue to blue-violet (white in forma albispiritis); floral-tube funnelform, 1.2–1.5 cm; sepals blue or pale violet with flecks of white and lines of deeper blue on either side of ridge, spatulate, elliptic to ovate, 7–8 cm, apex acuminate, ridge yellow, linear, extending to about middle of limb, finely pubescent, claw light green, striated, ribbed, 1–1.2 cm; petals erect or spreading-erect, deep blue, linear to narrowly linear-spatulate, 6–7.5 cm, base abruptly attenuate into claw, claw channeled, green with darker lines, margins pale; ovary bluntly 3-angled, ridged at each angle and on faces between angles; style linear-acute, 5–6 cm; crests ovate, 1–2 cm, margins sharply and irregularly toothed; stigmas broadly 2-lobed, margins crenate; pedicel 1.6–2 cm. Capsules ellipsoid, round in cross-section, roundly 6-lobed, with 6 sharp, winglike, equally spaced ridges converging to form stout beak at apex, 6–10 cm, dehiscence loculicidal. Seeds in 1 row per locule, brown, circular or uneven, flattened, 8–12 mm diam, very corky. 2n = 44.


Phenology: Flowering late Mar–early Apr.
Habitat: Wet ditches, margins of lakes, streams, and swamps

Discussion

Iris savannarum has often been included in I. hexagona, but differs in several ways. The capsules of I. hexagona are more obviously hexagonal, with smooth faces alternating with those that have two rounded lobes, whereas the capsules of I. savannarum are more rounded but with six obvious ridges, almost of winglike proportions. Iris hexagona has yellow-green leaves instead of the brighter green of I. savannarum. The leaves of I. savannarum die back after anthesis, while those of I. hexagona remain green. The flowering period of I. savannarum is almost one month earlier than that of I. hexagona in the area where both are known to grow. The sepals of I. savannarum are more acute at the apex than those of I. hexagona.

Iris savannarum has been hybridized with Iris fulva to produce I. ×cacique (J. Berry) N. C. Henderson.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"dm" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property."decreasing" is not a number."dm" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.

... more about "Iris savannarum"
dehiscing +  and latrorse +
acuminate +  and acute +
Norlan C. Henderson +
attenuate +
Iris subsect. Hexagonae +
loculicidal +
6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br /> (?) +  and 10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br /> (?) +
glaucescent +
bright green +
elongate +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
additional +
cordlike +
enlarging +
6-lobed +, round +  and ellipsoid +
linear-attenuate +
15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br /> (20 cm200 mm <br />0.2 m <br />) +
channeled +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br />) +
Prairie iris +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (?) +  and 2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (?) +
monochasial +
Ala. +, Fla. +  and Ga. +
distinct or;partly completely connate +
deeper blue +
hollow +  and solid +
ridged +  and terete +
1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
sessile +  and pedicellate +
fragrant +
upward-facing +
hollow +, solid +, branched +  and simple +
flattened +, terete +  and cordlike +
indehiscent +  and loculicidal +
woody;firm;cartilaginous +
Wet ditches, margins of lakes, streams, and swamps +
multicellular +
6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br /> (9 cm90 mm <br />0.09 m <br />) +
distinct +
cauline +  and basal +
scale-like +
darker +  and white +
distinct +
conspicuous +
triangular +  and rounded +
crenate +  and toothed +
8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br /> (10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br />) +
ridged +  and 3-angled +
1.6 cm16 mm <br />0.016 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
blue +  and blue-violet +
4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br /> (18 cm180 mm <br />0.18 m <br />) +
differentiated +
spreading-erect +  and erect +
linear +  and narrowly linear-spatulate +
reduced +
6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br /> (7.5 cm75 mm <br />0.075 m <br />) +
Flowering late Mar–early Apr. +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br />) +
converging +  and spaced +
ringlike +
tan;dark-brown +
conspicuously roughened +  and extensively corky +
4 +  and 20 +
flattened +
pale violet +  and blue +
reflexed +  and spreading +
elliptic +  and ovate +
expanding +
7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br /> (8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br />) +
persisting +
lanceolate +
unequal +  and subequal +
Illustrated +  and Endemic +
monochasial +
solid +  and 1-branched +
linear-acute +
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (?) +  and 6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br /> (?) +
Iris albispiritus +, Iris hexagona var. savannarum +, Iris kimballiae +  and Iris rivularis +
Iris savannarum +
Iris (sect. Limniris) ser. Hexagonae +
species +
connate +  and distinct +
scarious +
spathaceous +  and more-flowered +
obscure;prominent +
indehiscent +
hardened +  and papery +
unequal +