Eleocharis melanocarpa

Torrey

Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York 3: 311. 1836.

Common names: Black-fruited spike-rush
IllustratedEndemic
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 23. Treatment on page 89. Mentioned on page 62, 66, 87.

Culms to 2 times wider than thick, 35–60 (–70) cm × 0.5–1.3 mm, hard, usually with to 10 blunt ribs, at 20X often finely ridged and minutely granular. Leaves: distal leaf-sheaths brown to reddish. Spikelets 3–12 × 3–4 mm; proximal scale amplexicaulous, 3.5–4 mm, midrib region very broad and fleshy, apex entire; subproximal scale with a flower; floral scales 30–40, 8–10 per mm of rachilla, orangebrown to stramineous, midrib region stramineous, broadly ovate, papery or sometimes membranous, 3–4 × 2 mm, apex entire, rounded. Flowers: perianth bristles present, sometimes rudimentary, brown, length variable, obscurely retrorsely spinulose; anthers brown, 1.7–2.2 mm. Achenes subdeltoid in outline, sometimes broadly obpyriform, equilaterally trigonous, angles prominent, 0.9–1.2 × 0.7–1.1 mm, apex truncate. Tubercles sessile, depressed-pyramidal, often apiculate, as wide as achene, 0.3–0.5 × 0.7–1.1 mm.


Phenology: Fruiting summer.
Habitat: Fresh, oligotrophic, acid, sandy or peaty, often drying shores, ponds, ditches
Elevation: 10–300 m

Distribution

V23 125-distribution-map.jpg

Ala., Fla., Ga., Ind., Mass., Mich., N.Y., N.C., R.I., S.C., Tex., Va.

Discussion

Eleocharis melanocarpa is reported from Rhode Island; I have not seen a voucher specimen.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"shortened" is not a number."broad" is not a number.

... more about "Eleocharis melanocarpa"
yellowbrown +, black +  and dark-brown to often +
smooth +  and markedly sculptured +
trigonous;obpyriform;subdeltoid +
0.09 cm0.9 mm <br />9.0e-4 m <br /> (0.12 cm1.2 mm <br />0.0012 m <br />) +
0.7mm;1.1mm +
0.17 cm1.7 mm <br />0.0017 m <br /> (0.22 cm2.2 mm <br />0.0022 m <br />) +
truncate +  and entire +
rounded +
S. Galen Smith* +, Jeremy J. Bruhl* +, M. Socorro González-Elizondo* +  and Francis J. Menapace* +
Torrey +
flattened +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br />) +
persistent +
enlarged +
glumaceous +  and foliaceous +
2-ranked +  and arranged +
ascending +  and appressed +
parallel +  and divergent +
terete +, rolled +  and plicate +
Black-fruited spike-rush +
60 cm600 mm <br />0.6 m <br /> (70 cm700 mm <br />0.7 m <br />) +
35 cm350 mm <br />0.35 m <br /> (60 cm600 mm <br />0.6 m <br />) +
compressed +
0.5mm;1.3mm +
0-2 times wider than thick +
brown +  and reddish +
Ala. +, Fla. +, Ga. +, Ind. +, Mass. +, Mich. +, N.Y. +, N.C. +, R.I. +, S.C. +, Tex. +  and Va. +
10–300 m +
orangebrown +  and stramineous +
membranous +  and papery +
hypogynous +  and subtending +
biconvex +  and trigonous +
Fresh, oligotrophic, acid, sandy or peaty, often drying shores, ponds, ditches +
multi-ranked +, 2-ranked +, 3-ranked +  and alternate +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
membranous +, papery +  and fleshy +
flattened +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br />) +
with (1-)3-6(-30) bristles and/or scales +
Fruiting summer. +
2-3(-4)-carpellate +
3 (?) +  and 1 (?) +
stramineous;medium brown or red brown or blackish brown +
0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York +
caudex-like +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
adventitious +
basal +  and proximal +
2-keeled +
cylindric +
Illustrated +  and Endemic +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br />) +
1 +  and 3 +
septate +, hollow +  and solid +
compressed +, terete +  and trigonous +
papillate +
Eleocharis +
Eleocharis melanocarpa +
Eleocharis (sect. Eleocharis) ser. Melanocarpae +
species +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
0.3mm;0.5mm +
depressed-pyramidal +
0.7mm +  and 1.1mm +
rooting +  and stoloniferous +