View source for Urena lobata

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Urena lobata
|accepted_authority=Linnaeus
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Sp. Pl.
|place=2: 692. 1753
|year=1753
}}
|common_names=Common urena;caesarweed;bur-mallow;Congo jute
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=F
|label=Illustrated
}}{{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=I
|label=Introduced
}}{{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=W
|label=Weedy
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Urena trilobata
|authority=Vellozo
|rank=species
}}
|hierarchy=Malvaceae;Malvaceae subfam. Malvoideae;Urena;Urena lobata
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Malvaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Malvaceae subfam. Malvoideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Urena]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Urena lobata]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 6
|mention_page=
|treatment_page=page 373
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole_organism some measurement;whole_organism growth form"><b>Plants </b>1 m.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="stem pubescence"><b>Stems </b>minutely stellate-hairy.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="leaf size"><b>Leaves </b>reduced distally;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="stipule some measurement">stipules 2–4 mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="blade variability;blade size;blade quantity">petioles equaling blades proximally, reduced distally to 1/4 blade length;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="blade coloration;blade shape;blade shape;blade some measurement;sinuse shape;apex shape">blade paler abaxially (slightly discolorous), broadly to narrowly ovate, angulate to shallowly lobate with ± acute sinuses, usually 3–9 cm, apex acute.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="inflorescence architecture;pedicel some measurement"><b>Inflorescences </b>subsessile or pedicels to 7 mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="involucel some measurement;involucel size;lobe arrangement">involucel 5–6 mm, subequal to calyx, lobes alternate with calyx lobes.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="calyx some measurement;calyx pubescence;lobe architecture or pubescence or shape"><b>Flowers:</b> calyx 1/2-divided, 5–9 mm, hairy, lobes ciliate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="petal some measurement;petal pubescence">petals 15–20 mm, abaxially hairy;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="staminal column architecture or shape;staminal column pubescence">staminal column 5-dentate apically, glabrous;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="filament presence">filaments nearly absent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="anther architecture;anther coloration">anthers subsessile, usually pinkish;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="style orientation;style size">style reflexed, slender;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="stigma size or quantity">stigmas 2 times number of locules.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="schizocarp shape;schizocarp diameter;lobe shape;lobe pubescence;spine architecture or shape;spine quantity"><b>Schizocarps </b>5-lobed, 8 mm diam., lobes convex, stellate-hairy, glochidiate-spiny spines numerous.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="seed some measurement;2n chromosome quantity;2n chromosome quantity"><b>Seeds </b>3–5 mm. <b>2n</b> = 28, 56.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering nearly year-round.
|habitat=Disturbed habitats
|elevation=0–200 m
|distribution=Fla.;La.;S.C.;se Asia (India);Africa;Pacific Islands (Philippines);also in Mexico;Central America;South America
|introduced=true
|discussion=<p>Urena lobata is a pantropical weed, probably native to the Old World Tropics. The species has been reported from East Baton Rouge and Saint Charles parishes in Louisiana and appears to be naturalized. In South Carolina it has been introduced to the southeastern part of the state in landscape plantings and is spreading to vacant lots and roadsides. It has also been collected relatively recently in Scott County, Tennessee, as a waif, and will likely be found elsewhere on occasion. Urena lobata is well established in peninsular Florida and common in some locations, and has been grown for its jutelike fiber in some regions.</p><!--
--><p>The similar Urena sinuata Linnaeus [U. lobata var. sinuata (Linnaeus) Hochreutiner] is known in Mexico, the West Indies, and elsewhere in tropical America and may occasionally appear as a waif within the flora area. It was once collected in ballast at Mobile, Alabama. This species differs from U. lobata by its deeply, palmately five-parted leaves with broadly rounded sinuses, its smaller (4–5 mm) calyx, and its shorter (8–18 mm) petals. Transitions are found between U. sinuata and U. lobata, and they may not be specifically distinct. The fruits in both taxa readily adhere to clothing and the plants have become widely distributed as weeds.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Urena lobata
|authority=Linnaeus
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=Urena trilobata
|basionyms=
|family=Malvaceae
|phenology=Flowering nearly year-round.
|habitat=Disturbed habitats
|elevation=0–200 m
|distribution=Fla.;La.;S.C.;se Asia (India);Africa;Pacific Islands (Philippines);also in Mexico;Central America;South America
|introduced=true
|reference=None
|publication title=Sp. Pl.
|publication year=1753
|special status=Illustrated;Introduced;Weedy
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V6/V6_693.xml
|subfamily=Malvaceae subfam. Malvoideae
|genus=Urena
|species=Urena lobata
|2n chromosome quantity=56;28
|anther architecture=subsessile
|anther coloration=pinkish
|apex shape=acute
|blade coloration=paler
|blade quantity=0;1/4
|blade shape=angulate;shallowly lobate
|blade size=reduced
|blade some measurement=3cm;9cm
|blade variability=equaling
|calyx pubescence=hairy
|calyx some measurement=5mm;9mm
|filament presence=absent
|inflorescence architecture=subsessile
|involucel size=subequal
|involucel some measurement=5mm;6mm
|leaf size=reduced
|lobe architecture or pubescence or shape=ciliate
|lobe arrangement=alternate
|lobe pubescence=stellate-hairy
|lobe shape=convex
|pedicel some measurement=0mm;7mm
|petal pubescence=hairy
|petal some measurement=15mm;20mm
|schizocarp diameter=8
|schizocarp shape=5-lobed
|seed some measurement=3mm;5mm
|sinuse shape=acute
|spine architecture or shape=glochidiate-spiny
|spine quantity=numerous
|staminal column architecture or shape=5-dentate
|staminal column pubescence=glabrous
|stem pubescence=stellate-hairy
|stigma size or quantity=2 times number of locules
|stipule some measurement=2mm;4mm
|style orientation=reflexed
|style size=slender
|whole_organism growth form=plant
|whole_organism some measurement=1
}}<!--

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