View source for Taraxacum californicum

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Taraxacum californicum
|accepted_authority=Munz & I. M. Johnston
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Bull. Torrey Bot. Club
|place=52: 227. 1925
|year=1925
}}
|common_names=California dandelion
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=E
|label=Endemic
}}{{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=C
|label=Conservation concern
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Taraxacum ceratophorum var. bernardinum
|authority=Jepson
|rank=variety
}}
|hierarchy=Asteraceae;Asteraceae tribe Cichorieae;Taraxacum;Taraxacum californicum
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Asteraceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Asteraceae tribe Cichorieae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Taraxacum]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Taraxacum californicum]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 19
|mention_page=page 242, 243, 249
|treatment_page=page 248
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole_organism atypical some measurement;whole_organism some measurement;whole_organism growth form"><b>Plants </b>3.5–10 (–20) cm (to 30 cm in fruit);</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="taproot architecture">taproots branched.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="stem quantity;stem orientation;stem coloration;stem pubescence;stem pubescence"><b>Stems </b>1–10+, ascending to decumbent (at and after flowering) (occasionally erect), usually purplish, (mostly at or below foliage before fruiting) glabrous, often cobwebby-villous basally.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="leaf quantity;leaf orientation"><b>Leaves </b>10–20, horizontal to patent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="petiole architecture">petioles usually broadly, sometimes narrowly winged;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="blade shape;blade shape;blade length;blade atypical width;blade width;base shape;margin shape;margin shape;margin architecture or shape;lobe course;lobe orientation;lobe shape;tooth shape;tooth course;tooth orientation;apex shape;face pubescence;face pubescence">blades oblanceolate to narrowly oblong, sometimes linear-oblanceolate, 5–12 × 1–2 (–3) cm, bases cuneate, margins toothed or denticulate, occasionally with basal lobes, rarely some entire, lobes straight or slightly retrorse, lanceolate to triangular-long-acuminate, teeth narrowly to broadly triangular, straight to retrorse, apices obtuse to rounded or ± acute, faces glabrate or glabrous.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="calyculus quantity;calyculus fixation or orientation;calyculus coloration;calyculus coloration;calyculus coloration;calyculus shape;bractlet length;bractlet width;series quantity;margin coloration;margin coloration;margin coloration;margin texture;apex shape;tip shape;tip architecture or relief;tip shape"><b>Calyculi </b>9–12, appressed, green, sometimes ± hyaline, often purplish, ovatelanceolate to broadly ovate bractlets in 2 series, 5–7 × 1.7–4.3 mm, margins hyaline, purplish (at least distally) or white, scarious, apices acuminate to long-acuminate or widely caudate, tips ± rounded, erose, hornless.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="involucre coloration;tip coloration;tip shape;tip some measurement"><b>Involucres </b>green, tips purplish gray, broadly campanulate, 11–16 mm.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="phyllary quantity;phyllary shape;phyllary width;series quantity;margin texture;margin coloration;apex shape;apex architecture or relief;apex texture"><b>Phyllaries </b>12–16 in 2 series, lanceolate to lanceolate-linear, 2–3.5 mm wide, margins not or narrowly scarious, sometimes broadly so basally, hyaline, apices rounded, erose, scarious.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="corolla coloration;outer floret coloration;outer floret coloration;outer floret coloration;outer floret quantity;outer floret quantity"><b>Florets:</b> corollas pale-yellow, outer abaxially striped pale purplish, 9–10 × 1.5–2.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="cypsela coloration;body shape;body shape;body some measurement;cone shape;cone some measurement;beak size;beak quantity;rib quantity;rib size or width;face relief;face position or shape;face quantity"><b>Cypselae </b>pale-brown, bodies obovoid, flattened, 2.2–2.7 mm, cones narrowly conic, 0.5–0.7 mm, beaks slender, 6–9.5, ribs 15–16, narrow, faces muricate distal 2/3–3/4;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="pappus coloration;pappus some measurement;2n chromosome quantity">pappi creamy, 4.5–5.5 mm. <b>2n</b> = 16.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering late spring–summer.
|habitat=Moist alpine meadows in yellow pine forest zone
|elevation=1900–2400 m
|distribution=Calif.
|discussion=<p>Taraxacum californicum is known only from the San Bernardino Range. It is easily distinguished from T. ceratophorum by the lack of horns on the phyllaries and bractlets of calyculi.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Taraxacum californicum
|authority=Munz & I. M. Johnston
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=Taraxacum ceratophorum var. bernardinum
|basionyms=
|family=Asteraceae
|phenology=Flowering late spring–summer.
|habitat=Moist alpine meadows in yellow pine forest zone
|elevation=1900–2400 m
|distribution=Calif.
|reference=None
|publication title=Bull. Torrey Bot. Club
|publication year=1925
|special status=Endemic;Conservation concern
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V19-20-21/V19_325.xml
|tribe=Asteraceae tribe Cichorieae
|genus=Taraxacum
|species=Taraxacum californicum
|2n chromosome quantity=16
|apex architecture or relief=erose
|apex shape=rounded;acuminate;long-acuminate or widely caudate
|apex texture=scarious
|base shape=cuneate
|beak quantity=6;9.5
|beak size=slender
|blade atypical width=2cm;3cm
|blade length=5cm;12cm
|blade shape=linear-oblanceolate;oblanceolate;narrowly oblong
|blade width=1cm;2cm
|body shape=flattened;obovoid
|body some measurement=2.2mm;2.7mm
|bractlet length=5mm;7mm
|bractlet width=1.7mm;4.3mm
|calyculus coloration=purplish;hyaline;green
|calyculus fixation or orientation=appressed
|calyculus quantity=9;12
|calyculus shape=ovatelanceolate;broadly ovate
|cone shape=conic
|cone some measurement=0.5mm;0.7mm
|corolla coloration=pale-yellow
|cypsela coloration=pale-brown
|face position or shape=distal
|face pubescence=glabrous;glabrate
|face quantity=2/3;3/4
|face relief=muricate
|involucre coloration=green
|leaf orientation=horizontal;patent
|leaf quantity=10;20
|lobe course=straight
|lobe orientation=retrorse
|lobe shape=lanceolate;triangular-long-acuminate
|margin architecture or shape=entire
|margin coloration=hyaline;white;purplish;hyaline
|margin shape=denticulate;toothed
|margin texture=scarious;scarious
|outer floret coloration=purplish;striped pale;purplish
|outer floret quantity=1.5;2
|pappus coloration=creamy
|pappus some measurement=4.5mm;5.5mm
|petiole architecture=winged
|phyllary quantity=12;16
|phyllary shape=lanceolate;lanceolate-linear
|phyllary width=2mm;3.5mm
|rib quantity=15;16
|rib size or width=narrow
|series quantity=2;2
|stem coloration=purplish
|stem orientation=ascending;decumbent
|stem pubescence=cobwebby-villous;glabrous
|stem quantity=1;10
|taproot architecture=branched
|tip architecture or relief=erose
|tip coloration=purplish gray
|tip shape=campanulate;hornless;rounded
|tip some measurement=11mm;16mm
|tooth course=straight
|tooth orientation=retrorse
|tooth shape=triangular
|whole_organism atypical some measurement=10cm;20cm
|whole_organism growth form=plant
|whole_organism some measurement=3.5cm;10cm
}}<!--

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