View source for Sphagnum carolinianum

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Sphagnum carolinianum
|accepted_authority=R. E. Andrus
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Bryologist
|place=86: 257, figs. 1983,
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Sphagnum subsecundum var. carolinianum
|authority=(R. E. Andrus) H. A. Crum
|rank=variety
}}
|hierarchy=Sphagnaceae;Sphagnum;Sphagnum sect. Subsecunda;Sphagnum carolinianum
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Sphagnaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Sphagnum]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>section</small>[[Sphagnum sect. Subsecunda]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Sphagnum carolinianum]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 27
|mention_page=page 80
|treatment_page=page 79
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole_organism size;whole_organism orientation;whole_organism growth form or location;whole_organism coloration;whole_organism growth form"><b>Plants </b>moderate to large, erect to floating, green to dark-brown;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="capitulum size;capitulum prominence">capitulum large, well defined and flattopped.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="stem coloration;stem coloration"><b>Stems </b>typically light green but grading to dark-brown;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="layer quantity;bud size;bud architecture">superficial cortex of 2–3 layers of enlarged, thin-walled cells.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="leaf-stem shape;leaf-stem distance;apex architecture or relief"><b>Stem-</b>leaves lingulate to lingulate-triangular, 0.7–1.5 mm (to 3 mm in isophyllous forms), apex erose;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="bud coloration;bud architecture;bud architecture;bud texture;bud quantity;septation quantity;septation arrangement;form architecture;form architecture">hyaline cells mostly 1–septate but in a few cells with 2–3 parallel septations, efibrillose to fibrillose throughout, pores present in hemiisophyllous and isophyllous forms.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="branch course;branch course;leaf orientation"><b>Branches </b>straight to somewhat curved, with spreading leaves.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="branch arrangement;branch size;form location;form growth form or habitat;form quantity"><b>Branch </b>fascicles with 2 spreading and 2 pendent in emergent forms, these reduced in aquatic forms to 2 per fascicle.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties=""><b>Branch </b>leaves variable, broadly ovate to ovatelanceolate, 1.3–5 mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="branch leaf variability;branch leaf shape;branch leaf some measurement;branch leaf course;bud coloration;surface shape;surface shape;row architecture;surface shape">straight, hyaline cells on the convex surface with 4–8 µm round to elliptic pores in nearly continuous rows along the commissures, the concave surface aporose or with some porosity as on the convex surface.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="surface shape;surface reproduction"><b>Sexual </b>condition unknown.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties=""><b>Capsule </b>not seen.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties=""><b>Spores </b>not seen.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|habitat=Forming wet often floating carpets in pools in weakly minerotrophic mires
|elevation=low to moderate elevations
|distribution=Nfld. and Labr. (Nfld.);Ala.;Del.;Fla.;Ga.;La.;Maine;Mass.;Miss.;Mo.;N.J.;N.Y.;N.C.;S.C.;Tenn.;Tex.;Va.
|discussion=<p>The sporophytes of Sphagnum carolinianum are unknown. In its apparent restriction to the coastal plain, this species is most similar distributionally to such species as S. macrophyllum, S. fitzgeraldii, and S. tenerum. When forming carpets, S. carolinianum macrospically most resembles S. atlanticum but its branch leaves are not as elongate as those of the latter and its stem leaves have a much more obtuse apex. When growing aquatically, S. caroliniaum can resemble S. cribrosum, but in the latter species the hanging branches are not different from the spreading branches and may even be lacking.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Sphagnum carolinianum
|authority=R. E. Andrus
|rank=species
|parent rank=section
|synonyms=Sphagnum subsecundum var. carolinianum
|basionyms=
|family=Sphagnaceae
|habitat=Forming wet often floating carpets in pools in weakly minerotrophic mires
|elevation=low to moderate elevations
|distribution=Nfld. and Labr. (Nfld.);Ala.;Del.;Fla.;Ga.;La.;Maine;Mass.;Miss.;Mo.;N.J.;N.Y.;N.C.;S.C.;Tenn.;Tex.;Va.
|reference=None
|publication title=Bryologist
|publication year=
|special status=
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V27/V27_66.xml
|genus=Sphagnum
|section=Sphagnum sect. Subsecunda
|species=Sphagnum carolinianum
|apex architecture or relief=erose
|branch arrangement=fascicles
|branch course=curved;straight to somewhat
|branch leaf course=straight
|branch leaf shape=broadly ovate;ovatelanceolate
|branch leaf some measurement=1.3mm;5mm
|branch leaf variability=variable
|branch size=reduced
|bud architecture=efibrillose;1-septate;thin-walled
|bud coloration=hyaline;hyaline
|bud quantity=few
|bud size=enlarged
|bud texture=fibrillose
|capitulum prominence=defined
|capitulum size=large
|form architecture=isophyllous;hemiisophyllous
|form growth form or habitat=aquatic
|form location=emergent
|form quantity=0;2
|layer quantity=2;3
|leaf orientation=spreading
|leaf-stem distance=0.7mm;1.5mm
|leaf-stem shape=lingulate;lingulate-triangular
|row architecture=continuous
|septation arrangement=parallel
|septation quantity=2;3
|stem coloration=dark-brown;light green
|surface reproduction=sexual
|surface shape=concave;convex;round;elliptic
|whole_organism coloration=green;dark-brown
|whole_organism growth form=plant
|whole_organism growth form or location=floating
|whole_organism orientation=erect
|whole_organism size=moderate;large
}}<!--

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