absent or erect, usually stout. Involucres 1–8 or more per cluster, narrowly turbinate to campanulate; teeth (3–) 5–6 (–10), erect or occasionally spreading
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caudex woody or fleshy, taprooted to fibrous-rooted or rhizomatous. Stems 1–200, strongly decumbent to erect, sometimes prostrate or sprawling, frequently
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subapical, rarely lateral; ovule 1. Fruits aggregated achenes, individually deciduous, 1–260, obliquely ± ovoid, 0.5–2.6 mm, glabrous or rarely ± hairy apically
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glabrous or pubescent abaxially, glabrous adaxially; tepals connate proximally 1/4–1/3 their length, monomorphic or dimorphic; stamens usually exserted, occasionally
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shorter than petals; torus absent; carpels 1–5, distinct, laterally touching, partially adnate to hypanthium, styles 1–5, lateral, distinct, adnate most of length
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Pistillate flowers lacking perianth, pistil naked, or in few species with (1–) 3–5-lobed perianth, commonly enclosed within pair of foliaceous bracteoles;
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sepals usually caducous, rarely persistent, 4, in 2 decussate pairs (1 pair lateral, 1 median), distinct [connate], not saccate or lateral (inner) pair (or
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suborbiculate, 1–8 (–12) cm, length 1.6–2 times width, coriaceous to thin, lobes 0 or 1–4 or 5 (–9), sinuses usually shallow, sometimes deep, veins 1–8 (–10)
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378. Shrubs or trees, sometimes forming clonal thickets, 1–400 dm, glabrous or hairy. Stems 1–20+; bark reddish, reddish-brown, gray-brown, or dark gray;
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-Hilaire in A. St.-Hilaire et al. in A. St.-Hilaire et al., Fl. Bras. Merid. 1(fol.): 163. 1825. John La Duke Common names: Globemallow Etymology: Greek sphaera
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Agave ×ajoensis, Agave ×arizonica, Agave ×glomeruliflora Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 1: 323. 1753. , Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 150. 1754. James L. Reveal, Wendy C. Hodgson
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node, 0.3–2.5 × 0.2–1.8 cm, usually scalelike distally, 1–5 × 0.5–3 mm. Involucres 1 per node, turbinate to campanulate, 1–6 × (1–) 1.5–10 mm, tomentose
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or matted, sometimes forming hanging clumps, often aromatic, (0.1–) 0.3–6 (–6.5) dm, sparsely to densely hirsute, sericeous, villous, or pilose, sometimes
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or pale green; nectary annular, 5 glands, or absent; pistil (1–) 3-carpellate; styles (1–) 3, distinct or connate basally, unbranched, 2-fid, or multifid
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Taxa Trillium subg. Phyllantherum, Trillium subg. Trillium Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 1: 339. 1753. , Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 158. 1754. Frederick W. Case Jr. Common names:
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usually glabrous (rarely tomentose) adaxially; tepals connate proximally 1/5–1/2 their length, monomorphic or dimorphic; stamens included or exserted; filaments
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usually green, 3-locular or 6-locular with false septa, 6-lobed; style white to dark green, often thick; stigmas usually 3, sometimes 1 and subcapitate, white
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Pyxothamnus, Vaccinium sect. Vaccinium, Vaccinium sect. Vitis-idaea Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 1: 349. 1753. , Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 166. 1754 ,. Sam P. Vander Kloet Etymology: Latin
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can be determined using a medium power (40×) dissecting microscope (see Fig. 1 in M. D. Windham and I. A. Al-Shehbaz 2006). To facilitate the study of ploidy
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or 6-angled or grooved. Fruits capsular, wall papery or becoming dry and hardened, sometimes indehiscent (in I. giganticaerulea). Seeds 4–20, in 1–2 rows
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distinct or connate, free; anthers dehiscing by longitudinal slits; pistil 1, [2–] 3–10 [–15] -carpellate, ovary superior, [2–] 3–10 [–15] -locular, placentation
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epicalyx bractlets 5; hypanthium ± cupulate with flattened bases, 1–5.5 mm, less than 1/2 to nearly as deep as wide, interior often with band of hairs; sepals
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sessile or setose-glandular; bracts persistent, 1–3, margins entire or serrate, sometimes undulate. Flowers 1–9 cm diam.; hypanthium globose to depressed-globose
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Vol. 1, part C, pp. 149–186. Lövkvist, B. 1956. The Cardamine pratensis complex—Outlines of its cytogenetics and taxonomy. Symb. Bot. Upsal. 14(2): 1–131
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30–650, in continuous ring or in 4–5 barely discernable fascicles, each of 1–2 stamens; ovary 2–5-merous; placentation incompletely axile to parietal; styles
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subshrubs, or herbs, perennial, 0.5–30 (–50) dm; fibrous, ± woody in species with larger plants. Stems 1–several, biennial or perennial, rarely annual
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appears in FNA Volume 6. Treatment on page 389. Mentioned on page 387, 390. Herbs, perennial or biennial, or subshrubs, (0.7–) 1.5–9 dm, sericeous, villous
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semiterete, or subterete, rarely laminar, 0.1–8 cm, usually ± succulent, base spurred or not, margins entire, (with 1 abaxial apical hydathode); veins not conspicuous
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Flowers in multiflowered heads (rarely only 2– or 3 flowers per head). Capsules 1-locular or 3-locular, beaked. Seeds tailed or not tailed. x = 20. Worldwide
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micrantha, Nolina microcarpa, Nolina parryi, Nolina texana Michaux Fl. Bor.-Amer. 1: 207. 1803. William J. Hess Common names: Beargrass Etymology: for Abbé C.
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77, 78, 89, 95, 104, 108. Shrubs or subshrubs, 1–50 (–100) dm; rhizomatous or stoloniferous. Stems 1–20, erect to spreading, arching, climbing, or procumbent
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petals appearing to 6+; pistil 1, 3–7-carpellate, ovary inferior, 1-locular, placentation parietal, subapical, or apical; ovules 1–60+ per locule, anatropous
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ovate, or suborbiculate, (0.6–) 1–4 (–5) cm, thin to coriaceous, firm to floppy, base narrowly cuneate to rounded, lobes 0 or 1–3 per side, sinuses usually
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Petals rose-purple; fruits 2-5 cm × 1.2-1.7 mm, valves each with obscure midvein; ovules 22-38 per ovary; seeds 1-1.5 × 0.7-0.9 mm. Streptanthus fenestratus
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dimorphic, hairy, usually some hairs (chasmogamous), 1–20 per capsule (cleistogamous). x = 10. North America, Mexico, West Indies (Dominican Republic), Central
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tomentose; blade oblanceolate to elliptic or ovate, 1–6 × (0.3–) 1–4 cm, densely white-lanate or tomentose abaxially, tomentose to floccose or subglabrous
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medially rough-thickened; ovule 1. Fruits aggregated achenes, individually deciduous, 10–80 or less, obliquely ovoid, 0.7–1.5 mm, glabrous; hypanthium persistent;
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triangular, 1–5 mm. Peduncles absent or mostly erect, slender, 0.3–1.5 cm, tomentose to floccose. Involucres 1 per node, turbinate, (1.5–) 2–3.5 (–4) × 1.3–2.5
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A. 1906. Die Gattung Lepidium (L.) R. Br. Mitt. Bot. Mus. Univ. Zürich 28: 1–340. Lepidium acutidens, Lepidium alyssoides, Lepidium appelianum, Lepidium
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Hymenocallis rotata, Hymenocallis tridentata Salisbury Trans. Hort. Soc. London 1: 338. 1812. Gerald L. Smith, Walter S. Flory† Common names: Spider-lily Etymology:
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follows: Shrubs 5–15 dm, usually rhizomatous. Stems erect to ascending. Leaves: petiole 1–4 mm; blade oblong-obovate or obovate lanceolate, 1.5–2 × 0.3–0.8 cm
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sessile; basal (often withered by flowering), rosulate, petiolate, blade (1–3-pinnate), margins entire or toothed; cauline petiolate or sessile, blade
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Taxa Chenopodium subg. Blitum, Chenopodium subg. Chenopodium Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 1: 218. 1753. , Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 103. 1754. Steven E. Clemants, Sergei L. Mosyakin
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erect, (0.5–) 1–10 (–12) dm. Basal leaves usually planar, sometimes ± cylindric; stipules usually entire, sometimes basally lobed; leaflets (1–) 3–16 (–20)
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forked, cruciform, stellate, malpighiaceous, or dendritic, often more than 1 kind present. Stems usually erect to ascending, sometimes decumbent or prostrate
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nodding, 1–4-flowered clusters or 4–17-flowered racemes (panicles); bracts absent; bracteoles sometimes present. Pedicels present, proximal 1–3 subtended
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suborbiculate, 2–6 (–9.5) cm, thin to chartaceous, sometimes subcoriaceous, base cuneate to rounded, truncate, or broadly ovate, lobes 0, or 1–5 (or 6) per side
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thin threads in Cuphea); style 1; stigma 1, capitate to punctiform, dry (wet in Heimia, Lagerstroemia, and Punica); ovules 1–1400, anatropous, bitegmic. Fruits
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styles subapical, filiform to tapered, papillate-swollen in proximal 1/10–1/3 (–2/3), (1–) 1.5–3 mm. Achenes smooth. North America, Mexico Species 7 or more
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occasionally papillose, mostly glabrous adaxially; tepals connate proximally 1/4–1/2 their length, monomorphic or dimorphic; stamens included or exserted; filaments
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