0.6–1cm, resinous or not resinous; scale margins white-fringed. Leaves 2 per fascicle, spreading or ascending, persisting 3–4 years, 2–8cm × 1–1.5mm, strongly
7 KB (524 words) - 00:35, 30 July 2020
fir Shasta red fir Endemic Treatment appears in FNA Volume 2. Trees to 57m; trunk to 2.5m diam.; crown narrowly conic. Bark grayish, thin, with age thickening
9 KB (788 words) - 00:26, 30 July 2020
chartaceous or scarious or margins and/or apices notably scarious, sometimes in 1–2 series, distinct, subequal, and herbaceous with margins and/or apices barely
79 KB (1,886 words) - 20:55, 29 July 2020
rarely leaflike. Spikelets 1-flowered; scales 0–1. Flowers unisexual; staminate flowers without scales; pistillate flowers with 1 scale with fused margins
80 KB (3,349 words) - 15:29, 15 December 2020
Oesterr. Bot. Z. 91: 1–18. Koch, M. et al. 1999b. Molecular systematics of Arabidopsis and Arabis. Pl. Biol. (Stuttgart) 1: 529–537. Koch, M., B. Haubold, and
107 KB (3,718 words) - 12:07, 30 July 2020
epidermis adaxially or on both sides, 1 or 2 stereid bands, the abaxial stereid band usually rounded or reniform, guide cells in 1 (–3) layers, hydroid strand occasionally
28 KB (882 words) - 07:00, 30 July 2020
involucral-bracts in 1–3 whorls, rarely in spirals (Johanneshowellia), free or connate only at base, linear to oblanceolate or ovate. Flowers (1–) 2–30 (–100)
21 KB (927 words) - 10:29, 30 July 2020
racemes, spikes, panicles, or rarely cymose, erect or variously pendent, 1–many-flowered, lax or dense, flowering successively or simultaneously. Flowers
41 KB (2,210 words) - 05:19, 30 July 2020
Kobresia; perianth absent or with (1–) 3–6 (–30) bristles and/or scales, usually falling off with fruit; stamens usually (1–) 3, rarely more, usually distinct;
24 KB (775 words) - 01:21, 30 July 2020
stamens [4–] 5–100 [–1500], usually in antipetalous groups; usually same number as sepals, distinct or connate, sessile or on androgynophore; ovules (1–) 2–many
10 KB (850 words) - 11:21, 30 July 2020
ligulate; stamens (1 or) 2–4 or 5, adnate to corolla or free, didynamous or equal, staminodes 0 or 1 (–3); pistil 1, 2-carpellate (1 in Hippuris), ovary
26 KB (1,000 words) - 19:24, 29 July 2020
from smooth to papillose (with papillae mostly less than 0.1 mm) or denticulate (teeth 0.1+ mm). Vestiture of the sides of the anthers varies from absent
20 KB (1,850 words) - 19:05, 29 July 2020
flowers; staminodes usually absent, or 1-10 or 16-19; ovary 1, superior, 1-locular, rarely 2-locular proximally, or 3-5 locular, placentation free-central
29 KB (1,113 words) - 10:14, 30 July 2020
triplets, the members of each unit usually with pedicels of different lengths or 1 spikelet sessile. Glumes usually 2, equal or unequal, shorter or longer than
17 KB (1,292 words) - 03:56, 30 July 2020
nectaries, ovules usually several or many per locule; styles 1 or 3 (–4); stigmas several and distinct or 1 and capitate. Fruits capsular and loculicidal or septicidal
29 KB (1,493 words) - 05:37, 30 July 2020
slits (lateral); pistils 1, 4–5-carpellate; ovary superior (inferior in some Vaccinioideae), incompletely (2–) 5–10-locular (1-locular in some Monotropoideae)
33 KB (1,383 words) - 13:10, 30 July 2020
hypogynous; sepals 5, connate (1/4–) 1/2+ their lengths into cup or tube, (1–) 5–40 (–62) mm, apex not hooded or awned; petals absent or 5, often showy, white
11 KB (721 words) - 10:22, 30 July 2020
(readily falling), usually in 2–8+ series, distinct, and unequal, sometimes in 1–2 series, distinct, and subequal to equal, usually herbaceous to chartaceous
17 KB (728 words) - 22:41, 29 July 2020
also axillary, simple panicles, panicles of 1-many spikelike branches, spikelike racemes, spikes, or, in 1 genus, a solitary spikelet, in dioecious taxa
34 KB (1,217 words) - 04:33, 30 July 2020
sometimes borne singly. Calyculi 0 or of 1–15+ bractlets in 1 (–2+) series. Phyllaries persistent or falling, usually in 1–2 series, usually distinct, equal to
23 KB (1,021 words) - 21:10, 29 July 2020
Calyculi 0 or of 1–15+ bractlets in 1–3+ series. Phyllaries usually persistent, usually in 3–5+ series, distinct, and unequal, sometimes in 1–2 series, distinct
30 KB (805 words) - 20:06, 29 July 2020
peduncle bracts). Phyllaries usually persistent [readily falling], in (1–) 3–5+ series, usually distinct, usually unequal, usually herbaceous (sometimes
15 KB (836 words) - 20:05, 29 July 2020
petals absent; stamens absent or 1–5, usually as many as and opposite perianth lobes; pistils absent or (1–) 2 (–3); styles 1–3, sometimes with stylopodium;
21 KB (878 words) - 09:28, 30 July 2020
particular species; laminal cells usually elongate to linear, 6–15: 1, occasionally 20: 1 or 1.5–5: 1, smooth or strongly prorate in distal ends, walls thin to moderately
28 KB (900 words) - 07:47, 30 July 2020
Seeds (1–) 2–60+, ovoid, oblong, bottle-shaped, pyriform, irregularly polygonal, or trigonal prisms, dorsiventrally flattened or not, 0.5–4.5 mm, winged
16 KB (1,025 words) - 18:17, 29 July 2020
absent or erect, usually stout. Involucres 1–8 or more per cluster, narrowly turbinate to campanulate; teeth (3–) 5–6 (–10), erect or occasionally spreading
80 KB (1,352 words) - 10:29, 30 July 2020
staminodes absent or 1–5 (–8); ovary 1-locular or rarely 3-locular (Wilhelmsia); styles (2–) 3–5 (–6), distinct; stigmas (2–) 3–5 (–6). Fruits capsules
11 KB (765 words) - 10:56, 30 July 2020
caudex woody or fleshy, taprooted to fibrous-rooted or rhizomatous. Stems 1–200, strongly decumbent to erect, sometimes prostrate or sprawling, frequently
79 KB (2,746 words) - 18:50, 29 July 2020
dehiscence by longitudinal slits; pistil 1, [2–] 3 [–5] -carpellate; ovary superior, 1-locular; placentation parietal; ovules [1–2] 8–75, anatropous, bitegmic, crassinucellate;
13 KB (963 words) - 11:16, 30 July 2020
subterranean panicles; branches sometimes spikelike and secund, sometimes less than 1 cm; disarticulation usually below the glumes, sometimes at the base of the
21 KB (1,188 words) - 03:56, 30 July 2020
clawed, margins ± entire; stamens 5–20 (30–45 in C. triflora), usually shorter than petals; torus absent; carpels 1–5, distinct, laterally touching, partially
26 KB (2,400 words) - 15:31, 15 December 2020
follows; stems: short (less than 1 cm), medium (1–3 cm), long (more than 3 cm); leaves: small (less than 1.5 mm), medium (1.5–3 mm), large (3–4 mm), robust
20 KB (757 words) - 07:35, 30 July 2020
petals appearing to 6+; pistil 1, 3–7-carpellate, ovary inferior, 1-locular, placentation parietal, subapical, or apical; ovules 1–60+ per locule, anatropous
12 KB (698 words) - 18:33, 29 July 2020
bisexual florets 10(–30), corollas yellow, 4-lobed, and cypselae obovoid, 1–1.5 mm, epappose. Traditionally, Centipeda has been included in Anthemideae;
23 KB (1,089 words) - 20:43, 29 July 2020
monadelphous, in more than 1 concentric series in Sidalcea, staminal column sometimes toothed at apex, stamens 5–many, filaments connate; anthers 1-thecate; staminodes
20 KB (532 words) - 11:23, 30 July 2020
suborbiculate, 1–8 (–12) cm, length 1.6–2 times width, coriaceous to thin, lobes 0 or 1–4 or 5 (–9), sinuses usually shallow, sometimes deep, veins 1–8 (–10)
28 KB (995 words) - 14:38, 30 July 2020
compound, 1-locular; placentas parietal, 3–14 [–20+]; style 1; nectary usually forming chamber around base of style; stigma lobes 3–14 [–20+], 1 per placenta
40 KB (1,967 words) - 15:27, 15 December 2020
2-22 florets, sometimes with 1, sterile florets usually distal to the reproductively functional florets, sometimes with 1 or 2 staminate or sterile florets
45 KB (1,179 words) - 03:07, 30 July 2020
rarely unequal (Tiarella); ovary superior to inferior, 1–2 (–3) -locular, ovaries fully connate when 1-locular, proximally connate to varying degrees when
27 KB (1,591 words) - 13:14, 30 July 2020
Flowers (5–) 8–20 (–26) mm diam.; epicalyx bractlets (4 or) 5 (–10); hypanthium patelliform to cupulate, rarely turbinate, 0.5–2.5 (–5) × (1.5–) 2–7 (–10)
31 KB (1,939 words) - 13:53, 30 July 2020
heads of 1–2-flowered heads in Lagascea). Calyculi 0. Involucres cylindric to hemispheric or rotate. Phyllaries persistent, 4–45 (–100+) in 1–6+ series
10 KB (633 words) - 23:14, 29 July 2020
Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belgique 1: 141. 1862. George W. Argus Basionym: Salix sect. Vetrix Dumortier Bijdr. Natuurk. Wetensch. 1: 55. 1826 Treatment appears
52 KB (888 words) - 11:54, 30 July 2020
Phyllaries persistent or falling, 1–75+ in 1 (–2) series or 0 (the “involucre” then interpreted as constituted of 1 series of receptacular paleae; phyllaries
15 KB (799 words) - 23:36, 29 July 2020
tenuinucellate; style 1; stigma 1, 2-lobed. Fruits capsules, dehiscence loculicidal [septicidal or irregular], or achenes [berry]. Seeds 1–2000, yellowish-brown
12 KB (626 words) - 18:58, 29 July 2020
disc-florets rarely subtended by paleae in Amblyolepis). Ray-florets 0, or 1–55 (in 1–3 series), pistillate and fertile, or styliferous and sterile, or neuter;
13 KB (688 words) - 22:34, 29 July 2020
rarely absent; stamens 5-many, distinct; anthers dehiscing longitudinally; staminodes absent (except in Aquilegia and Clematis); pistils 1-many; styles present
13 KB (392 words) - 08:32, 30 July 2020
phyllaries ovate to lanceolate, inner uncinate, florets 5 (outer 4 pistillate, inner bisexual), cypselae 0.8–1 mm, epappose. Genera 97–105 below (genera following
25 KB (1,822 words) - 20:30, 29 July 2020
ovary, free to 0.5 mm, usually green, rarely purplish; sepals 5, green, sometimes reddish at tips; petals 5 (absent or 1–5 in M. apetala, M. subapetala),
27 KB (988 words) - 13:15, 30 July 2020
flowers with 3–5-parted calyx, ebracteate; stamens 3–5. Pistillate flowers lacking perianth, pistil naked, or in few species with (1–) 3–5-lobed perianth
45 KB (1,022 words) - 09:34, 30 July 2020
tenuinucellate; style 1; stigma 1. Fruits capsules, dehiscence loculicidal and/or septicidal or indehiscent (Conopholis). Seeds 1–2500 (–5000), brown or
19 KB (841 words) - 19:24, 29 July 2020
(peripheral pistillate florets in disciform heads usually 1–20, their corollas filiform; corollas of 1–3 pistillate florets in heads of A. bigelovii sometimes
14 KB (1,396 words) - 20:45, 29 July 2020
paniculiform arrays. Involucres turbinate to hemispheric, 5–35 mm diam. Phyllaries 30–125 (–150) in 2–5 series, 1-nerved or 3-nerved (nerves golden-resinous; usually
97 KB (2,063 words) - 21:58, 29 July 2020
pistil 1, (1–) 3–5 (–20) -carpellate, ovary superior, (1–) 3–5 (–20) -locular, placentation axile; ovules 1 per locule, anatropous; styles 1–5 (–9), distinct
24 KB (1,347 words) - 18:25, 29 July 2020
closed from 1/3 to slightly more than 1/2 their length; and those such as F. tracbypbylla, in which they are not closed or closed for less than 1/4 their length
52 KB (3,291 words) - 03:08, 30 July 2020
distal cells rounded-hexagonal, rarely rectangular, usually small, papillae 1–4 (–6) per cell, conic or 2-fid, rarely smooth or mammillose, walls often incrassate
14 KB (382 words) - 07:42, 30 July 2020
with stalks less than 1/2 as long as the diameter of the distal gland, long-stipitate-glandular to hairs with stalks clearly visible, 1–3-times longer than
23 KB (1,156 words) - 22:11, 29 July 2020
Salix. Within Salix two major clades were recognized. Clade 1 consisted of three major branches: 1a) included S. interior (subg. Longifoliae) along with S
35 KB (4,327 words) - 12:03, 30 July 2020
1944. The cytogenetics of hybrids in Bromus: 1. Hybrids within the section Ceratochloa. Amer. J. Bot. 31:1-11 Stebbins, G.L., Jr. 1947. The origin of the
16 KB (1,697 words) - 02:52, 30 July 2020
usually obliquely rostrate, peristome single, with 16 teeth often divided 1/2 way to the base, usually striolate or pitted-striolate proximally, papillose
14 KB (515 words) - 06:54, 30 July 2020
occasionally 1-locular, 3-angled, ovoid, or cylindrical, with axillary or rarely parietal placentation; style included or exserted; stigmas 1 or 3, 3-lobed
13 KB (701 words) - 06:10, 30 July 2020
suture, rarely whorls of flimsy 1-seeded utricles (Sedella) or capsules of basally connate pistils (Diamorpha, Jovibarba). Seeds 1–20+ per carpel, brownish,
18 KB (1,028 words) - 12:59, 30 July 2020
Leaves mostly connate proximally, petiolate (M. cumberlandensis, M. godfreyi proximal leaves) or sessile; blade 1–3-veined, sometimes obscurely so, filiform-linear
25 KB (1,236 words) - 10:19, 30 July 2020
Taxa Ceanothus subg. Ceanothus, Ceanothus subg. Cerastes Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 1: 195. 1753. Clifford L. Schmidt†, Dieter H. Wilken Etymology: Greek keanothus
10 KB (807 words) - 18:19, 29 July 2020
viscosissimum, Ribes watsonianum, Ribes wolfii Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 1: 200. 1753. , Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 94. 1754 ,. Nancy R. Morin Common names: Currant gooseberry
23 KB (1,464 words) - 13:16, 30 July 2020
Monolopia); pappi 0 or of 1–12+ aristate, erose, laciniate, or truncate scales or awns in 1–2 series (often 2 sorts of scales in combination on 1 cypsela). w North
11 KB (627 words) - 23:52, 29 July 2020
lanceolate, linear, rhombic, orbiculate, or ovate (and intermediate shapes), often 1 (–2+) -palmately or pinnately lobed, ultimate margins entire or toothed, faces
21 KB (800 words) - 22:59, 29 July 2020
complanate-foliate or julaceous, irregularly branched to regularly 1-pinnate or 2-pinnate; hyalodermis 1-stratose or absent, central strand present or absent; pseudoparaphyllia
15 KB (450 words) - 07:51, 30 July 2020
species complexes that need taxonomic revision: (1) The E. palustris complex (species 1–7) is discussed under 1. E. palustris. (2) The E. tenuis complex (species
13 KB (1,127 words) - 02:15, 30 July 2020
borne singly. Calyculi usually of 1–8+ bractlets (bractlets often intergrading with distal peduncular bracts, mostly 1/5–1/2+ times phyllaries), sometimes
30 KB (1,295 words) - 21:10, 29 July 2020
caulescent species or scapose from rhizomes or stolons in acaulescent species, 1 (–3) [–5] -flowered; peduncles not jointed; bracteoles present. Flowers: sepals
39 KB (2,374 words) - 11:16, 30 July 2020
forked, cruciform, stellate, malpighiaceous, or dendritic, often more than 1 kind present. Stems usually erect to ascending, sometimes decumbent or prostrate
85 KB (2,094 words) - 12:08, 30 July 2020
branches, sometimes also axillary, usually of 1-many spikelike branches, these in digitate clusters of 1-13+ on a peduncle or attached, directly or indirectly
31 KB (2,561 words) - 04:21, 30 July 2020
slits; staminodes 0 or [4–] 5 [–7]; pistil 1, 1–5-carpellate, ovary superior often embedded in nectary to 1/2 inferior, 1–5-locular, placentation axile
13 KB (513 words) - 18:16, 29 July 2020
tenuinucellate; styles 1, terminal; stigmas 1, usually capitate (rarely truncate). Fruits capsular, dehiscence valvate or operculate. Seeds 1–200+, brown or black
12 KB (662 words) - 13:05, 30 July 2020
proximally, lacking spines; vascular-bundles 1–several, roundish or crescent-shaped in cross-section. Blades 1–6-pinnate, without laminar buds. Indument on
15 KB (634 words) - 00:29, 30 July 2020
Phytoneuron 2011-28: 1–8. Nesom, G. L. 2012g. Taxonomic summary of Erythranthe sect. Achlyopitheca (Phrymaceae). Phytoneuron 2012-42 1–4. Nesom, G. L. 2012h
49 KB (1,607 words) - 18:59, 29 July 2020
campanulate, salverform, or funnelform; stamens (2–) 3–5, with 4 mostly connate in pairs, appearing as only (1–) 3 stamens; anthers connate or distinct, pepos
19 KB (877 words) - 11:15, 30 July 2020
sometimes flattened and cucullate (lengths usually 1–2+ times diams., sometimes finely striate or 1–5-nerved, corky-winged in Dicoria and winged margins
16 KB (907 words) - 23:04, 29 July 2020
dark green, often thick; stigmas usually 3, sometimes 1 and subcapitate, white to pale green, 1–2 mm. Fruits erect or pendent, capsular or baccate. Seeds
17 KB (687 words) - 06:11, 30 July 2020
glumes, occasionally below the pedicels. Spikelets with 1 (2-3) florets. Glumes usually (0) 1 (2-3) -veined, apices entire, erose, or toothed, truncate
42 KB (1,621 words) - 04:38, 30 July 2020
veins. Inflorescences spikes, usually exserted, with 1-3 (5) spikelets per node, internodes (1.5) 2-26 mm; rachises with scabridulous, scabrous, or ciliate
45 KB (3,070 words) - 03:00, 30 July 2020
medial laminal cells linear or short-linear, rarely rectangular or hexagonal, 1-stratose or sometimes partially 2- or multistratose, smooth or rarely prorate
21 KB (586 words) - 07:42, 30 July 2020
Nummulariopsis, Euphorbia sect. Poinsettia, Euphorbia subg. Esula Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 1: 450. 1753. Paul E. Berry, Ricarda Riina, Jess A. Peirson, Ya Yang, Victor
18 KB (1,360 words) - 18:28, 29 July 2020
of 20–50 bristles in 1–2+ series, or of 5–20 (sometimes aristate) scales in 1–2 series, or combinations of bristles and scales in 1–2+ series, rarely coroniform
11 KB (674 words) - 23:30, 29 July 2020
Treatment on page 364. Mentioned on page 5, 253. Annuals, biennials, perennials, subshrubs, shrubs, or treelets, 1–80 (–300) cm (some rhizomatous or with
17 KB (818 words) - 23:57, 29 July 2020
sepals (3–) 5, distinct or rarely connate proximally, apex often hooded or awned (awn often subapical); petals absent; stamens absent or 1–5, in 1 whorl arising
9 KB (597 words) - 10:32, 30 July 2020
included to exserted, flattened distally, 0.2–0.8 (–1.1) mm diam., tip straight to recurved, distal 5–60 (–90) % hairy, hairs to 3 mm, sometimes glabrous;
36 KB (1,140 words) - 19:13, 29 July 2020
2–60 (–120) × 1.2–40 cm, nearly smooth to tuberculate, glabrous or pubescent; areoles usually elliptic, circular, or obovate, 3–8 (–10) × 1–7 (–10) mm; wool
34 KB (1,067 words) - 09:16, 30 July 2020
ovary 1-locular or 3–5-locular; styles 3 or 5, occasionally 4 (absent in staminate flowers), filiform, 1.5–20 mm, glabrous proximally; stigmas 3 or 5, occasionally
36 KB (1,364 words) - 10:24, 30 July 2020
papillate); pappi 0, or persistent, of (1–) 2–4 (–8), usually ± barbellate awns or scales, rarely coroniform or of 1–2, smooth to ciliate or barbed awns or
12 KB (744 words) - 23:22, 29 July 2020
broadly lanceolate, glabrous, lobed; functional anthers (1-2) 3, 0.1-5 mm; ovaries glabrous. Caryopses 1-4 mm, ellipsoidal, often shallowly ventrally grooved
87 KB (2,178 words) - 03:17, 30 July 2020
scales, sometimes 1–2 (–4) scales aristate, or of 1–2 (–6) or 8–35 bristles. sw United States, Mexico, South America (1 species) Genera 5, species 67 (2 genera
7 KB (521 words) - 23:47, 29 July 2020
stamens 5; staminodes 0 or 5, as small deltate projections; pistil 5-carpellate, ovary 5-locular, or 10-locular by intrusion of false septa; styles 5, distinct
10 KB (551 words) - 18:27, 29 July 2020
length of inner, inner apically weakly to strongly clavate [(0.5–in S. sphacelata) 1.5–5 (–7.3) mm]. x = 9. North America, Mexico, South America, Eurasia
18 KB (1,000 words) - 21:32, 29 July 2020
panicle branches. Spikelets usually bisexual, usually laterally compressed, with 1-60 florets, distal florets often reduced. Glumes usually 2, shorter or longer
17 KB (1,499 words) - 04:33, 30 July 2020
Gen. Pl. 1 : 804. 1867. John J. Schenk, Larry Hufford Common names: Western star Basionym: Mentzelia Bartonia Torrey & A. Gray Fl. N. Amer. 1: 534. 1840
20 KB (775 words) - 18:32, 29 July 2020
Buchenau (species 1 and 2, type V. spicata), subg. Veronica Linnaeus (species 3–10, type V. officinalis), subg. Beccabunga (Hill) M. M. Martínez Ortega
20 KB (967 words) - 19:23, 29 July 2020
Clarkia sect. Phaeostoma, Clarkia sect. Rhodanthos Pursh Fl. Amer. Sept. 1: 256, 260 [. as Clarckia], plate 11. 1813 Harlan Lewis†, Peter C. Hoch Etymology:
19 KB (745 words) - 21:02, 7 June 2022
lineages [including Hartmannia (1 sp.), Kneiffia (1 sp.), Lavauxia (1 sp.), Leucocoryne (2 spp.), and Xanthocoryne (1 sp.)]. It appears that the specific
26 KB (2,106 words) - 21:01, 7 June 2022
stamens 4–5 [10], connate basally, filament tube and petal bases adherent or adnate [free]; anthers dehiscing by longitudinal slits; pistil 1, 2–5-carpellate
10 KB (483 words) - 18:28, 29 July 2020