1–2cm × 0.5–0.8mm, 0.3–0.5mm thick, keeled abaxially, rounded adaxially, pale blue-green; resin canals 10–20µm from margins. Seed-cones 1–2 × 0.5–1cm, usually
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John Myers Copyright: Flora of North America Association Trees to 23m; trunk to 0.6m diam.; crown spirelike. Bark gray, thin, smooth, in age often becoming
10 KB (832 words) - 00:34, 30 July 2020
John Myers Copyright: Flora of North America Association Trees to 12m; trunk to 0.6m diam., straight to crooked, erect to leaning, poorly self-pruning;
6 KB (508 words) - 00:35, 30 July 2020
John Myers Copyright: Flora of North America Association Trees to 27m; trunk to 0.6m diam., straight to crooked; crown becoming irregularly rounded or spreading
8 KB (559 words) - 00:34, 30 July 2020
FNA Volume 2. Treatment on page 386. Trees to 40m (usually much shorter in North America); trunk to 0.6m diam. (usually less in North America), straight
8 KB (555 words) - 00:33, 30 July 2020
John Myers Copyright: Flora of North America Association Trees to 46m; trunk to 1.6m diam., usually straight, without adventitious shoots; crown broadly
8 KB (585 words) - 00:27, 30 July 2020
centuries were S. F. Blake, N. L. Britton, R. S. Ferris, M. L. Fernald, E. L. Greene, H. M. Hall, M. E. Jones, D. D. Keck, P. A. Rydberg, J. K. Small, and
275 KB (5,940 words) - 15:30, 15 December 2020
veins, with 0 to many additional veins between the major veins, sometimes also in the margins, often keeled over the major veins; lodicules (0) 2-3, inconspicuous
35 KB (1,876 words) - 02:36, 30 July 2020
fir sapin gracieux Endemic Treatment appears in FNA Volume 2. Trees to 75m; trunk to 2.6m diam.; crown spirelike, with age becoming flat-topped, cylindric. Bark
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Pinus latifolia Sargent Treatment appears in FNA Volume 2. Trees to 35m; trunk to 0.6m diam., straight; crown irregularly rounded, rather thin. Bark dark-brown
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this lineage (J. D. Ambrose 1975, 1980; M. Takahashi and S. Kawano 1989; R. W. Cruden 1991; P. Goldblatt 1995; M. N. Tamura 1995, 1998b; W. B. Zomlefer
29 KB (1,493 words) - 05:37, 30 July 2020
singly or in glomerules, rarely aggregated in second-order heads. Calyculi 0 or of 1–15+ bractlets. Phyllaries persistent or falling, usually in 3–5+ series
30 KB (1,803 words) - 22:30, 29 July 2020
edulis (Engelmann) Voss Treatment appears in FNA Volume 2. Shrubs or trees to 21m; trunk to 0.6m diam., strongly tapering, erect; crown conic, rounded, dense. Bark
8 KB (550 words) - 00:27, 30 July 2020
Mastrogiuseppe & J.Mastrogiuseppe Treatment appears in FNA Volume 2. Trees to 22m; trunk to 2.6m diam., erect or leaning; crown broadly conic to irregular. Bark gray
9 KB (685 words) - 00:35, 30 July 2020
serotina (Michaux) Hoopes Treatment appears in FNA Volume 2. Trees to 21m; trunk to 0.6m diam., straight or more often crooked, commonly with adventitious sprouts;
8 KB (577 words) - 00:24, 30 July 2020
subtending spikelets scalelike, very rarely leaflike. Spikelets 1-flowered; scales 0–1. Flowers unisexual; staminate flowers without scales; pistillate flowers
80 KB (3,349 words) - 15:29, 15 December 2020
paniculiform, racemiform, or spiciform arrays, sometimes borne singly. Calyculi 0. Phyllaries persistent or falling, usually in 3–5+ series (usually in spirals
79 KB (1,886 words) - 20:55, 29 July 2020
E. Janchen 1942; I. A. Al-Shehbaz 1984; M. Koch et al. 1999; O. Appel and Al-Shehbaz 2003; Koch et al. 2003; M. A. Beilstein et al. 2006; Al-Shehbaz et
107 KB (3,718 words) - 12:07, 30 July 2020
racemiform, or spiciform arrays, sometimes borne singly or in glomerules. Calyculi 0. Phyllaries usually persistent (readily falling), usually in 2–8+ series, distinct
17 KB (728 words) - 22:41, 29 July 2020
among leaves of basal rosettes [aggregated in second-order heads]. Calyculi 0 or of 1–15+ bractlets in 1–3+ series. Phyllaries usually persistent, usually
30 KB (805 words) - 20:06, 29 July 2020
Involucres 1–8 or more per cluster, narrowly turbinate to campanulate; teeth (3–) 5–6 (–10), erect or occasionally spreading, apex acute to obtuse or rounded. Flowers
80 KB (1,352 words) - 10:29, 30 July 2020
with 1 floret each aggregated into second-order heads in Echinops). Calyculi 0 (involucres sometimes closely subtended by leaflike peduncle bracts). Phyllaries
15 KB (836 words) - 20:05, 29 July 2020
glabrous or spreading-hairy (C. exserta), pollen-sacs 2, unequal; staminode 0; ovary 2-locular, placentation axile; stigma capitate, entire, or 2-lobed.
79 KB (2,746 words) - 18:50, 29 July 2020
49, 51, 57, 60, 61, 86, 104, 107, 120, 125, 126, 133. Shrubs or trees, 0.05–20 m, not clonal or, sometimes, clonal by layering or stem fragmentation. Stems
52 KB (888 words) - 11:54, 30 July 2020
hairy, hairs simple; taprooted or rhizomatous, sometimes stoloniferous. Stems 0–20, prostrate to erect. Leaves cauline or basal, (attached directly to rhizome
13 KB (963 words) - 11:16, 30 July 2020
aggregated into second-order heads, rarely borne singly. Calyculi 0. Phyllaries sometimes 0 (apparent phyllaries interpreted as outer receptacular paleae)
25 KB (1,822 words) - 20:30, 29 July 2020
spiciform arrays, sometimes borne singly or in subcapitate clusters. Calyculi 0. Phyllaries persistent or falling, usually in 3–5+ series, distinct, unequal
23 KB (1,089 words) - 20:43, 29 July 2020
heads in Lagascea). Calyculi 0. Involucres cylindric to hemispheric or rotate. Phyllaries persistent, 4–45 (–100+) in 1–6+ series (usually distinct, ±
10 KB (633 words) - 23:14, 29 July 2020
paniculiform, racemiform, or spiciform arrays, sometimes borne singly. Calyculi 0 or of 1–15+ bractlets in 1 (–2+) series. Phyllaries persistent or falling,
23 KB (1,021 words) - 21:10, 29 July 2020
specific to particular species; laminal cells usually elongate to linear, 6–15: 1, occasionally 20: 1 or 1.5–5: 1, smooth or strongly prorate in distal
28 KB (900 words) - 07:47, 30 July 2020
the choice of either; no new combinations have been made. Beilstein, M. A. and M. D. Windham. 2003. A phylogenetic analysis of western North American Draba
85 KB (2,094 words) - 12:08, 30 July 2020
257, 300, 301, 306. Annuals, perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs, (0.5–) 1–250 cm. Leaves mostly basal, or basal and cauline, or mostly cauline; opposite
15 KB (799 words) - 23:36, 29 July 2020
cymiform, corymbiform, paniculiform, racemiform, or spiciform arrays. Calyculi 0. Involucres cylindric, or campanulate to hemispheric or broader, or rotate
21 KB (800 words) - 22:59, 29 July 2020
Majesty's Stationery Office, London, England. 389 pp. Columbus, J.T., M.S. Kinney, R. Pant and M.E. Siqueiros Delgado. 1998. Cladistic parsimonv analysis of internal
34 KB (1,217 words) - 04:33, 30 July 2020
distinct, rarely a minute rim (Hippuris) or 0 (Callitriche), calyx radially or bilaterally symmetric; petals 0 (Callitriche, Hippuris) or (3 or) 4 or 5,
26 KB (1,000 words) - 19:24, 29 July 2020
scales (0.1–0.4 mm), sometimes connate, plus 5–40 (–50), stramineous, barbellate bristles, sometimes pappi only on ray or only on disc cypselae, or 0. x =
97 KB (2,063 words) - 21:58, 29 July 2020
often resinous. Receptacles slightly convex, pitted, epaleate. Ray-florets 0, or 1–18, pistillate, fertile; corollas usually yellow (white in E. gilmanii
23 KB (1,156 words) - 22:11, 29 July 2020
the glumes and beneath the florets, sometimes below the glumes. Spikelets 0.7-50 mm, laterally compressed, sometimes weakly so, sometimes viviparous, usually
45 KB (1,179 words) - 03:07, 30 July 2020
deciduous; collars inconspicuous, usually glabrous; auricles absent; ligules 0.1-2 (8) mm, membranous, sometimes longest at the margins, usually truncate
52 KB (3,291 words) - 03:08, 30 July 2020
usually borne singly, sometimes in glomerules or corymbiform arrays. Calyculi 0. Involucres mostly campanulate, cylindric, hemispheric, obconic, or ± rotate
13 KB (688 words) - 22:34, 29 July 2020
broadly ovate to suborbiculate, 1–8 (–12) cm, length 1.6–2 times width, coriaceous to thin, lobes 0 or 1–4 or 5 (–9), sinuses usually shallow, sometimes
28 KB (995 words) - 14:38, 30 July 2020
turf-forming or loosely cespitose, green distally and brown proximally. Stems 0.2–4 (–10) cm, irregularly branching, mostly rounded-pentagonal but occasionally
28 KB (882 words) - 07:00, 30 July 2020
papillate, sometimes smooth; staminode included to exserted, flattened distally, 0.2–0.8 (–1.1) mm diam., tip straight to recurved, distal 5–60 (–90) % hairy, hairs
36 KB (1,140 words) - 19:13, 29 July 2020
tepals 6, similar, fleshy, distinct to or connate at base, whitish to cream or tinged slightly with green or purple, occasionally pubescent; stamens 6; filaments
17 KB (687 words) - 06:11, 30 July 2020
Fruits aggregated achenes, individually deciduous, 1–260, obliquely ± ovoid, 0.5–2.6 mm, glabrous or rarely ± hairy apically or on style scar; hypanthium persistent;
31 KB (1,939 words) - 13:53, 30 July 2020
hypogynous; hypanthium absent; sepals 0 or 2–12, distinct or connate basally to most of length; petals 0 or (3–) 5 (–6), distinct or connate; nectary present
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thick; achenes 0.6–0.8 mm wide. Carex crawfordii 12 Perigynia 1.2–3.8 mm wide, 0.35–0.7 mm thick; achenes 0.85–2 mm wide (0.7–0.9 mm in C. scoparia). > 13
57 KB (937 words) - 01:54, 30 July 2020
each bract 0. Pedicels present. Staminate flowers: sepals 0; petals 0; nectary absent; stamen 1; pistillode absent. Pistillate flowers: sepals 0 (ovary subtended
18 KB (1,360 words) - 18:28, 29 July 2020
scattered throughout. Stems usually deciduous and withering at end of season, 0–5 (–10+), erect to ascending, decumbent, or prostrate, simple, [woody], leafy;
39 KB (2,374 words) - 11:16, 30 July 2020
in M. godfreyi), arising from hypanthium; filaments distinct; staminodes absent; styles 3 (to 4 in M. cumberlandensis, M. godfreyi), filiform, 0.6–2.5
25 KB (1,236 words) - 10:19, 30 July 2020
due to evolutionary convergence, not shared ancestry. Molecular analyses by M. Koch et al. (2001) and T. Mitchell-Olds et al. (2005) revealed that Arabis
73 KB (2,294 words) - 12:15, 30 July 2020
occasionally below the pedicels. Spikelets with 1 (2-3) florets. Glumes usually (0) 1 (2-3) -veined, apices entire, erose, or toothed, truncate to acuminate,
42 KB (1,621 words) - 04:38, 30 July 2020
not spread to the surrounding area (P. M. Brown 2002). Bletia patula Hooker is an apparent garden escape (P. M. Brown 2000). A single vegetative specimen
41 KB (2,210 words) - 05:19, 30 July 2020
base (split to base in Tolmiea); sepals usually (4–) 5 (–6), distinct; petals usually (4–) 5 (–6) or absent, distinct, lobed or unlobed; nectary disc often
27 KB (1,591 words) - 13:14, 30 July 2020
prophyll subtending and enclosing rachilla, bearing 1 pistillate, sometimes (0–) 3 staminate flowers and empty scales (Carex, Cymophyllus, and Kobresia).
24 KB (775 words) - 01:21, 30 July 2020
proximal to middle of corolla, didynamous, filaments glabrous or hairy, staminode 0; ovary 2-locular, placentation axile; stigma bilamellate. Fruits capsules,
49 KB (1,607 words) - 18:59, 29 July 2020
hypogynous; sepals usually imbricate, 3-6 (-20), distinct, often petaloid and colored, occasionally spurred; petals 0-26, distinct (connate in Consolida),
13 KB (392 words) - 08:32, 30 July 2020
paleae 0). Ray-florets 0 or 5 (–8), pistillate, fertile; corollas whitish to yellowish, laminae seldom conspicuous. Peripheral (pistillate) florets 0 or 1–10+;
16 KB (907 words) - 23:04, 29 July 2020
pitted, glabrous or hairy), usually epaleate (paleae usually 0, rare in Eriophyllum). Ray-florets 0 or 4–21, pistillate, fertile (3–8 peripheral florets pistillate
11 KB (627 words) - 23:52, 29 July 2020
Thladiantha, Tumamoca Jussieu Guy L. Nesom Treatment appears in FNA Volume 6. Treatment on page 3. Mentioned on page 4, 170. Plants usually vines, sometimes
19 KB (877 words) - 11:15, 30 July 2020
linear-lanceolate to linear, setaceous, or subulate, sometimes oblanceolate to obovate, (0) 1-7-veined, sometimes keeled over 1 vein, not necessarily the central vein
45 KB (3,070 words) - 03:00, 30 July 2020
strongly distichous; sheaths open, often with tufts of hairs at the apices, hairs 0.3-8 mm; ligules usually membranous and ciliolate or ciliate, cilia sometimes
33 KB (1,388 words) - 03:56, 30 July 2020
subsessile in Pereskia and several genera outside the flora), terete or flat, 0–3 cm (to 10 cm in Pereskia); stipules absent. Spines flexible and hairlike
40 KB (1,967 words) - 15:27, 15 December 2020
medium brown or red brown or blackish brown. Flowers bisexual; perianth of (0–)3–6(–10) bristles, straight or curved, shorter than to 2 times longer than achene
13 KB (1,127 words) - 02:15, 30 July 2020
sexual condition dioicous > 2 1 Stems 0.1-6(-12) cm, rarely julaceous; leaves 0.2-10 mm; distal laminal cells usually 2-6:1; proximal cells quadrate or short-
20 KB (757 words) - 07:35, 30 July 2020
bisexual; hypanthium shallowly cupulate to hemispheric, less than 0.5 mm wide; sepals 5 (or (5–) 6 (–8) in C. jepsonii), usually incurved, sometimes becoming
10 KB (807 words) - 18:19, 29 July 2020
with distal peduncular bracts, mostly 1/5–1/2+ times phyllaries), sometimes 0. Involucres mostly cylindric or turbinate to campanulate, 5–15 (–40) mm diam
30 KB (1,295 words) - 21:10, 29 July 2020
corolla, didynamous [both pairs of equal length in autogamous forms], staminode 0; pistil 1, 2-carpellate, ovary superior, (1 or) 2-locular, placentation axile
12 KB (626 words) - 18:58, 29 July 2020
clusters, or in corymbiform, cymiform, or paniculiform arrays. Calyculi usually 0 (sometimes 1–3 bractlets in Schkuhria). Involucres campanulate to narrowly
17 KB (818 words) - 23:57, 29 July 2020
striae, orbiculate to oblong or linear, ± flat to slightly cupped). Ray-florets 0 or 1–21+ (more in cultivars), pistillate and fertile, or neuter, or styliferous
12 KB (744 words) - 23:22, 29 July 2020
Heads radiate or discoid, borne singly or in corymbiform arrays. Calyculi 0. Involucres cylindric to campanulate or hemispheric. Phyllaries persistent
7 KB (521 words) - 23:47, 29 July 2020
hair lengths, puberulent is to about 0.15 mm long, short-villous to about 0.3 mm long, and long-villous from 0.3-0.4+ mm long, but these are only guidelines
87 KB (2,178 words) - 03:17, 30 July 2020
genusEleocharis subgenusEleocharis subg. Eleocharis S. Galen Smith*, Jeremy J. Bruhl*, M. Socorro González-Elizondo*, Francis J. Menapace* Treatment appears in FNA
37 KB (456 words) - 02:15, 30 July 2020
mm; wool white, gray, or tan to brown, aging white or gray to black. Spines 0–15+ per areole, white, yellow to brown, redbrown to gray, or black, sometimes
34 KB (1,067 words) - 09:16, 30 July 2020
Beccabunga (Hill) M. M. Martínez Ortega, Albach & M. A. Fischer (species 11–17, type V. beccabunga), subg. Pellidosperma (E. B. J. Lehman) M. M. Martínez Ortega
20 KB (967 words) - 19:23, 29 July 2020
(glabrous or hairy), epaleate (except paleate in A. palmeri). Ray-florets 0 (peripheral pistillate florets in disciform heads usually 1–20, their corollas
14 KB (1,396 words) - 20:45, 29 July 2020
superior, 2-carpellate, 3-carpellate, 5-carpellate, or 6–12-carpellate; placentation parietal; styles 0 or 1; stigmas 1 or 3; ovules orthotropous [anatropous]
9 KB (407 words) - 11:39, 30 July 2020
supported by molecular data (A. E. Senters and D. E. Soltis 2003; L. M. Schultheis and M. J. Donoghue 2004). Subgenus Grossularia (Miller) Persoon appears
23 KB (1,464 words) - 13:16, 30 July 2020
abaxially, 3.1–12 × 0.6–2.6 cm, apex usually acute; petals 3, ridged abaxially, with 2 adaxial longitudinal median rounded ridges, 3–11.2 × 0.6–3.4 cm, apex usually
37 KB (2,628 words) - 05:42, 30 July 2020
pollinator of M. hirsutissima, M. tricuspis, M. tridentata, and is one of three main pollinators of M. involucrata (G. S. Daniels 1970). Only M. reflexa, which
16 KB (1,025 words) - 18:17, 29 July 2020
1118. 1835. Paul A. Fryxell†, Steven R. Hill Treatment appears in FNA Volume 6. Treatment on page 215. Mentioned on page 187, 188, 192, 298, 305. Herbs, subshrubs
20 KB (532 words) - 11:23, 30 July 2020
adaxial 2; stamens 4, didynamous; filaments glabrate to lanate; staminode 0; ovary 2-locular, placentation axile; stigma linear, rarely 2-lobed (A. neoscotica)
23 KB (952 words) - 19:30, 29 July 2020
few or 0). Heads radiate or discoid, borne singly or in compact or congested to open, corymbiform, cymiform, or subumbelliform arrays. Calyculi 0 or 1–5+
40 KB (1,171 words) - 21:16, 29 July 2020
with 1 (-3) floret (s) per spikelet; disarticulation above the glumes. Glumes 0-1-veined; calluses poorly developed, usually glabrous; lemmas membranous or
22 KB (1,094 words) - 04:32, 30 July 2020
with 4–6 teeth, each 0.5–0.6 × 1.2–1.5 mm. Mentzelia shultziorum 30 Stems straight; margins of proximal leaf blades with 8–12 teeth, each 1–4 × 1.7–6 mm.
20 KB (775 words) - 18:32, 29 July 2020
resemblances Synonyms: Hesperalcea Greene Treatment appears in FNA Volume 6. Treatment on page 319. Mentioned on page 216, 219, 320, 327, 328, 329, 330
21 KB (668 words) - 11:33, 30 July 2020
ovary, or absent; sepals (3–) 4–5 [–7], distinct or connate proximally; petals 0 or (3–) 4–5 [–7], distinct; nectary present, rudimentary, or absent; stamens
13 KB (513 words) - 18:16, 29 July 2020
poisonings of humans, domestic pets, and livestock (J. M. Kingsbury 1964; S. D. Mancini and J. M. Edwards 1979). Kalmia also is reportedly toxic, perhaps
33 KB (1,383 words) - 13:10, 30 July 2020
on page 23, 24, 29, 49, 51, 61, 64, 66, 67, 71, 75, 78, 83, 86. Shrubs, 0.005–6 m, clonal by layering or rhizomes, rarely root shoots, or not clonal. Stems
22 KB (876 words) - 12:17, 30 July 2020
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 23. Treatment on page 200. Mentioned on page 6, 7, 201, 231, 238. Herbs, annual or perennial, cespitose or not, often scaly-rhizomatous
38 KB (1,253 words) - 01:40, 30 July 2020
bitegmic, crassinucellate; styles 1-5 (-6), distinct or connate proximally, absent in staminate flowers; stigmas 2-5 (-6), linear along adaxial surface of styles
29 KB (1,113 words) - 10:14, 30 July 2020
marginal teeth 3–9(–11). > 10 10 Shrubs 0.5–1.5 m; stems ascending to erect. Ceanothus divergens 10 Shrubs 0.1–0.6 m; stems spreading to weakly ascending
14 KB (504 words) - 18:27, 29 July 2020
flowers 1 or 2. Flowers bisexual, perianth and androecium hypogynous; sepals (0 or) 2–5 (–8), connate, calyx radially or bilaterally symmetric; petals [4 or]
19 KB (841 words) - 19:24, 29 July 2020
and P. M. Taschereau. 1983. The Genus Atriplex (Chenopodiaceae) in Canada. Ottawa. [Agricu. Canada Monogr. 31.] Bassett, C. W. Crompton, and P. M. Taschereau
45 KB (1,022 words) - 09:34, 30 July 2020
stamens (6 or) 8, subequal or in 2 unequal series, anthers versatile, filaments usually without basal scale, sometimes with basal scale (sect. Gaura), 0.3–0
26 KB (2,106 words) - 21:01, 7 June 2022
appears in FNA Volume 3. Shrubs or subshrubs, evergreen or deciduous, 0.1-4.5 (-8) m, glabrous or with tomentose stems. Rhizomes present or absent, short
16 KB (698 words) - 08:36, 30 July 2020
sparsely short-hairy; pappi 0 or of 1–2 (–6) equal or subequal, smooth, antrorsely barbellulate, or subplumose bristles 0.5–4.6 mm plus callous crowns or
11 KB (583 words) - 23:49, 29 July 2020
borne singly or in loose, ± corymbiform or paniculiform arrays. Calyculi 0. Involucres hemispheric to rotate. Phyllaries persistent, (5–) 15–30+ in 1–3
9 KB (600 words) - 23:53, 29 July 2020
14 Shrubs 0.2–0.3(–0.5) m; stems spreading; capsules 4–5 mm wide; leaf blade surfaces pilosulous. Ceanothus diversifolius 14 Shrubs 1–3.5 m; stems erect
15 KB (437 words) - 18:13, 29 July 2020
20(5): 159--172. Tryon, R. M. 1955. Selaginella rupestris and its allies. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 42: 1--99, plates 1--6. Tryon, R. M. 1971. The process of
17 KB (719 words) - 00:22, 30 July 2020