generally puberulent, scale margins erose. Leaves of short-shoots 2–5cm × 0.65–0.80mm, 0.4–0.6mm thick, keeled abaxially, with shallow convex midrib adaxially
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yellow-tomentose for 2–3 years. Buds tomentose, scale margins ciliate. Leaves of short-shoots 2–3.5cm × 0.6–0.8mm, 0.4–0.6mm thick, keeled abaxially, 2-angled adaxially;
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(1–) 1.5–2.5 (–3) × 1–2.5cm; scales ovate, 8–15 × 6–10mm, apex round to pointed. 2n =24. Habitat: Coastal to midmontane forests Elevation: 0–1500m Generated
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pit borders often fimbrillate to lacerate). Ray-florets (rarely 0) usually in 1 (–2+) series, usually pistillate, rarely neuter or styliferous and sterile;
30 KB (1,803 words) - 22:30, 29 July 2020
major veins; lodicules (0) 2-3, inconspicuous, usually without veins, bases swelling at anthesis; stamens usually 3, sometimes 1 (2) or 6+, filaments capillary
35 KB (1,876 words) - 02:36, 30 July 2020
cracking below leafy portion. Buds ovoid to cylindric, redbrown, 0.5–0.7 (–1) cm, resinous. Leaves 2 (–3) per fascicle, spreading-ascending, persistent 3–5 years
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Synonyms: Pinus australis F. Michaux Treatment appears in FNA Volume 2. Trees to 47m; trunk to 1.2m diam., straight; crown rounded. Bark orangebrown, with coarse
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Apinus flexilis (E.James) Rydberg Treatment appears in FNA Volume 2. Trees to 26m; trunk to 2m diam., straight to contorted; crown conic, becoming rounded.
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centuries were S. F. Blake, N. L. Britton, R. S. Ferris, M. L. Fernald, E. L. Greene, H. M. Hall, M. E. Jones, D. D. Keck, P. A. Rydberg, J. K. Small, and
275 KB (5,940 words) - 15:30, 15 December 2020
surface with 2–4 glaucous bands, each band with (4–) 6–7 stomatal rows; adaxial surface bluish green, with 0–2 glaucous bands, each band with 0–7 stomatal
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this lineage (J. D. Ambrose 1975, 1980; M. Takahashi and S. Kawano 1989; R. W. Cruden 1991; P. Goldblatt 1995; M. N. Tamura 1995, 1998b; W. B. Zomlefer
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often fimbrillate; paleate in Eastwoodia and Rigiopappus). Ray-florets 0 or in 1 (–2+) series, usually pistillate, rarely neuter or styliferous and sterile;
79 KB (1,886 words) - 20:55, 29 July 2020
subtending spikelets scalelike, very rarely leaflike. Spikelets 1-flowered; scales 0–1. Flowers unisexual; staminate flowers without scales; pistillate flowers
80 KB (3,349 words) - 15:29, 15 December 2020
longaeva (D.K.Bailey) Little Treatment appears in FNA Volume 2. Trees to 16m; trunk to 2m diam., strongly tapering; crown rounded, flattened (sheared)
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appendaged, margins entire or emarginate to 2-fid, rarely pinnatifid [fimbriate or filiform]; stamens (2 or 4) 6 [8–24], in 2 whorls, usually tetradynamous (lateral
107 KB (3,718 words) - 12:07, 30 July 2020
or ligulate; stamens (1 or) 2–4 or 5, adnate to corolla or free, didynamous or equal, staminodes 0 or 1 (–3); pistil 1, 2-carpellate (1 in Hippuris), ovary
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glomerules. Calyculi 0. Phyllaries usually persistent (readily falling), usually in 2–8+ series, distinct, and unequal, sometimes in 1–2 series, distinct,
17 KB (728 words) - 22:41, 29 July 2020
sometimes borne singly. Calyculi 0 or of 1–15+ bractlets in 1 (–2+) series. Phyllaries persistent or falling, usually in 1–2 series, usually distinct, equal
23 KB (1,021 words) - 21:10, 29 July 2020
turf-forming or loosely cespitose, green distally and brown proximally. Stems 0.2–4 (–10) cm, irregularly branching, mostly rounded-pentagonal but occasionally
28 KB (882 words) - 07:00, 30 July 2020
Calyculi 0 or of 1–15+ bractlets in 1–3+ series. Phyllaries usually persistent, usually in 3–5+ series, distinct, and unequal, sometimes in 1–2 series,
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glands and a few scattered hairs; tepals connate only basally or in proximal 1/2, monomorphic or dimorphic; stamens usually exserted, sometimes included; filaments
80 KB (1,352 words) - 10:29, 30 July 2020
Ray-florets 0 (corollas of peripheral florets in radiant heads often notably enlarged, usually 5-lobed, sometimes zygomorphic and raylike or ± 2-lipped).
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Australis. Pp. 533-613 in M. Flinders (ed.). A Voyage to Terra Australis, vol. 2. G. and W. Nicol, London, England. 613 pp. Giussani, L.M., J.H. Cota-Sanchez
17 KB (1,292 words) - 03:56, 30 July 2020
spreading-hairy (C. exserta), pollen-sacs 2, unequal; staminode 0; ovary 2-locular, placentation axile; stigma capitate, entire, or 2-lobed. Capsules: dehiscence loculicidal
79 KB (2,746 words) - 18:50, 29 July 2020
oblong to linear or filiform, flat or ± conduplicate). Ray-florets 0 or in 1 (–2+) series, usually pistillate and fertile, rarely neuter or styliferous
23 KB (1,089 words) - 20:43, 29 July 2020
exostome (except in Homalotheciella), basal membrane 1/2–1/3 endostome length, segments broad, cilia 2 or 3), sometimes modified (for example, exostome teeth
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49, 51, 57, 60, 61, 86, 104, 107, 120, 125, 126, 133. Shrubs or trees, 0.05–20 m, not clonal or, sometimes, clonal by layering or stem fragmentation. Stems
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Rich woods and ravines, mainly in uplands, rarely coastal plain Elevation: 0-1065m Generated Map Legacy Map Ala., Ark., Fla., Ga., Ind., Ky., Md., Miss., N
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filaments 0–1 mm, filaments of 2 anterior stamens often with nectaries protruding into spur, anther dehiscence by longitudinal slits; pistil 1, [2–] 3 [–5]
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spiciform, or ± umbelliform arrays, sometimes borne singly. Calyculi usually 0, sometimes 2–12+ bractlets (Centromadia, some members of Hemizonia and Lagophylla)
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usually empty, usually 2-keeled scale (prophyll); occasionally prophyll subtending and enclosing rachilla, bearing 1 pistillate, sometimes (0–) 3 staminate flowers
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sometimes below the glumes. Spikelets 0.7-50 mm, laterally compressed, sometimes weakly so, sometimes viviparous, usually with 2-22 florets, sometimes with 1,
45 KB (1,179 words) - 03:07, 30 July 2020
aggregated into second-order heads, rarely borne singly. Calyculi 0. Phyllaries sometimes 0 (apparent phyllaries interpreted as outer receptacular paleae)
25 KB (1,822 words) - 20:30, 29 July 2020
Calyculi 0. Involucres cylindric, or campanulate to hemispheric or broader, or rotate. Phyllaries persistent or falling, usually 8–40+ in 2–4+ series
21 KB (800 words) - 22:59, 29 July 2020
Majesty's Stationery Office, London, England. 389 pp. Columbus, J.T., M.S. Kinney, R. Pant and M.E. Siqueiros Delgado. 1998. Cladistic parsimonv analysis of internal
34 KB (1,217 words) - 04:33, 30 July 2020
usually 1–2 times diams.), glabrous or hairy (faces and/or angles); pappi 0, or (often readily falling or fragile, sometimes persistent) usually of (1–) 2 (–8+)
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vary from smooth to papillose (with papillae mostly less than 0.1 mm) or denticulate (teeth 0.1+ mm). Vestiture of the sides of the anthers varies from absent
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axil of tubercle, radially symmetric [bilaterally symmetric]; flower tube 0.2–15 [–30] cm; perianth epigynous (perigynous in some Pereskia), deciduous or
40 KB (1,967 words) - 15:27, 15 December 2020
corymbiform arrays. Calyculi 0. Involucres mostly campanulate, cylindric, hemispheric, obconic, or ± rotate. Phyllaries persistent, 5–50+ in 2–3+ series, distinct
13 KB (688 words) - 22:34, 29 July 2020
each bract 0. Pedicels present. Staminate flowers: sepals 0; petals 0; nectary absent; stamen 1; pistillode absent. Pistillate flowers: sepals 0 (ovary subtended
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not spread to the surrounding area (P. M. Brown 2002). Bletia patula Hooker is an apparent garden escape (P. M. Brown 2000). A single vegetative specimen
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pitted, glabrous or hairy), usually epaleate (paleae usually 0, rare in Eriophyllum). Ray-florets 0 or 4–21, pistillate, fertile (3–8 peripheral florets pistillate
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5 (–10); hypanthium patelliform to cupulate, rarely turbinate, 0.5–2.5 (–5) × (1.5–) 2–7 (–10) mm; sepals (4 or) 5 (–10), spreading at anthesis, lanceolate
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insertion, decurrent or not; margins plane, recurved, or revolute, 1-stratose or 2-stratose, rarely multistratose, limbidium present or absent; apex broadly rounded
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often resinous. Receptacles slightly convex, pitted, epaleate. Ray-florets 0, or 1–18, pistillate, fertile; corollas usually yellow (white in E. gilmanii
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apex deeply 2-fid versus emarginate to entire in Draba) is unreliable, and it is well-nested within the larger and highly diversified Draba (M. Koch and
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funnelform, lobes 5, ± deltate. Cypselae (brown) fusiform, ribs 0 (and faces finely striate) or 2–5, faces glabrous or hairy (not villous), often gland-dotted
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pollinator of M. hirsutissima, M. tricuspis, M. tridentata, and is one of three main pollinators of M. involucrata (G. S. Daniels 1970). Only M. reflexa, which
16 KB (1,025 words) - 18:17, 29 July 2020
per spikelet. Flowers: anthers 0.2–2.5 mm; styles 2-fid or 3-fid. Achenes variously colored, biconvex to trigonous, 0.4–2 mm, smooth to markedly sculptured
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lower 2 filaments spurred with nectary that protrudes into petal spur; cleistogamous flowers absent or produced in summer, apetalous or petals 0 or 2 (–3)
39 KB (2,374 words) - 11:16, 30 July 2020
deciduous; collars inconspicuous, usually glabrous; auricles absent; ligules 0.1-2 (8) mm, membranous, sometimes longest at the margins, usually truncate, sometimes
52 KB (3,291 words) - 03:08, 30 July 2020
glumes, occasionally below the pedicels. Spikelets with 1 (2-3) florets. Glumes usually (0) 1 (2-3) -veined, apices entire, erose, or toothed, truncate to
42 KB (1,621 words) - 04:38, 30 July 2020
perianth hypogynous; hypanthium absent; sepals 0 or 2–12, distinct or connate basally to most of length; petals 0 or (3–) 5 (–6), distinct or connate; nectary
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obscurely 5 (7) -veined, apices acute, often awned, sometimes bidentate, teeth to 0.2 mm, sometimes with bristles, bristles to 10 mm, awns terminal or from the
45 KB (3,070 words) - 03:00, 30 July 2020
broadly ovate to suborbiculate, 1–8 (–12) cm, length 1.6–2 times width, coriaceous to thin, lobes 0 or 1–4 or 5 (–9), sinuses usually shallow, sometimes deep
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cumberlandensis, M. godfreyi), filiform, 0.6–2.5 mm, glabrous proximally; stigmas 3 (to 4 in M. cumberlandensis, M. godfreyi), linear along adaxial surface of styles
25 KB (1,236 words) - 10:19, 30 July 2020
usually ciliate); pappi 0, or persistent or falling, vestigial, or of 8–12 linear to subulate, laciniate or fimbriate scales, sometimes 1–2 (–4) scales aristate
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corneous, apex mostly sharp-pointed. Scape, when present, usually less than 2.5 cm diam. Inflorescences erect or rarely pendent, paniculate or racemose,
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Vaccinioideae); hypanthium absent; sepals absent or (2–) 4–5 (–7), distinct or connate basally; petals (2–) 4–5 (–8), rarely absent or highly reduced, connate
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papillate, sometimes smooth; staminode included to exserted, flattened distally, 0.2–0.8 (–1.1) mm diam., tip straight to recurved, distal 5–60 (–90) % hairy, hairs
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scales (0.1–0.4 mm), sometimes connate, plus 5–40 (–50), stramineous, barbellate bristles, sometimes pappi only on ray or only on disc cypselae, or 0. x =
97 KB (2,063 words) - 21:58, 29 July 2020
placentation axile or parietal; ovules 1–2 [–4] or 100–2000+ per locule, anatropous; styles 0, 1, or 3, connate proximally; stigmas 2–5. Fruits capsules, dehiscence
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paleae 0). Ray-florets 0 or 5 (–8), pistillate, fertile; corollas whitish to yellowish, laminae seldom conspicuous. Peripheral (pistillate) florets 0 or 1–10+;
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clusters, or in corymbiform, cymiform, or paniculiform arrays. Calyculi usually 0 (sometimes 1–3 bractlets in Schkuhria). Involucres campanulate to narrowly
17 KB (818 words) - 23:57, 29 July 2020
styles 2–3 (–4), distinct or connate (Saxifragopsis); stigmas 2–3 (–4), capitate. Fruits capsular, sometimes folliclelike (Cascadia, Micranthes), 2–3 (–4)
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abaxial lobes 3, adaxial 2; stamens 4, adnate proximal to middle of corolla, didynamous, filaments glabrous or hairy, staminode 0; ovary 2-locular, placentation
49 KB (1,607 words) - 18:59, 29 July 2020
moderately strigillose; pappi persistent, outer setiform scales (0.25–0.5 mm; rarely present) plus 2 series of 25–45 longer, barbellate bristles, mid apically
18 KB (1,000 words) - 21:32, 29 July 2020
unilateralis, Carex vexans, Carex wootonii, Carex xerantica Kunth Enum. Pl. 2: 394. 1837. Joy Mastrogiuseppe, Paul E. Rothrock, A. C. Dibble, A. A. Reznicek
57 KB (937 words) - 01:54, 30 July 2020
glabrous or pubescent, rarely hirsute or hispid, trichomes simple or branched, 2–14-rayed, sometimes dendritic, not stellate. Stems erect, ascending, or decumbent
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tuberculate, or papillate); pappi 0, or persistent, of (1–) 2–4 (–8), usually ± barbellate awns or scales, rarely coroniform or of 1–2, smooth to ciliate or barbed
12 KB (744 words) - 23:22, 29 July 2020
in 1–2+ series, or of 5–20 (sometimes aristate) scales in 1–2 series, or combinations of bristles and scales in 1–2+ series, rarely coroniform or 0. Mostly
11 KB (674 words) - 23:30, 29 July 2020
warped, 2–7 × 2–7 mm, glabrous, commonly bearing 1–4 large, shallow depressions due to pressures from adjacent developing seeds; girdle protruding 0.3–3.5
34 KB (1,067 words) - 09:16, 30 July 2020
often intergrading with distal peduncular bracts, mostly 1/5–1/2+ times phyllaries), sometimes 0. Involucres mostly cylindric or turbinate to campanulate, 5–15
30 KB (1,295 words) - 21:10, 29 July 2020
subrotate, or curved; stamens (2 or) 4, adnate to corolla-tube, didynamous, subequal, or equal, staminodes 0 or 2; pistil 1, 2 [or 3] -carpellate, ovary superior
19 KB (841 words) - 19:24, 29 July 2020
flower or proximal 1–2 (–3) empty, stramineous (straw-brown) to medium brown or red brown or blackish brown. Flowers bisexual; perianth of (0–)3–6(–10) bristles
13 KB (1,127 words) - 02:15, 30 July 2020
spikelike, not disarticulating. Spikelets 1-27 mm long, 0.5-9 mm wide, laterally compressed, with (1) 2-60 florets; disarticulation below the fertile florets
33 KB (1,388 words) - 03:56, 30 July 2020
subequal or in 2 unequal series, anthers versatile, filaments usually without basal scale, sometimes with basal scale (sect. Gaura), 0.3–0.5 mm, scales nearly
26 KB (2,106 words) - 21:01, 7 June 2022
compressed; stamens (2–) 4, adnate to corolla, didynamous [both pairs of equal length in autogamous forms], staminode 0; pistil 1, 2-carpellate, ovary superior
12 KB (626 words) - 18:58, 29 July 2020
(Borissova) M. M. Martínez Ortega, Albach & M. A. Fischer (species 27, type V. ciliata Fischer), subg. Pocilla (Dumortier) M. M. Martínez Ortega, Albach & M. A
20 KB (967 words) - 19:23, 29 July 2020
hair lengths, puberulent is to about 0.15 mm long, short-villous to about 0.3 mm long, and long-villous from 0.3-0.4+ mm long, but these are only guidelines
87 KB (2,178 words) - 03:17, 30 July 2020
(-20), distinct, often petaloid and colored, occasionally spurred; petals 0-26, distinct (connate in Consolida), plane, cupshaped, funnel-shaped, or spurred
13 KB (392 words) - 08:32, 30 July 2020
supported by molecular data (A. E. Senters and D. E. Soltis 2003; L. M. Schultheis and M. J. Donoghue 2004). Subgenus Grossularia (Miller) Persoon appears
23 KB (1,464 words) - 13:16, 30 July 2020
oblong-oblique, glabrous or hairy; pappi 0, or coroniform, or of 2–8+ scales or teeth. North America, Mexico Genera 2, species 30 (2 genera, 27 species in the flora)
9 KB (600 words) - 23:53, 29 July 2020
9 7 Involucellar bractlets (0–)1–2; petals white or purple-tinged; leaf blades lobed, maplelike; plants (0.4–)0.8–1.5(–2) m. Sidalcea malachroides 7 Involucellar
21 KB (668 words) - 11:33, 30 July 2020
in rosettes, 2–70+ [–1000] -flowered, (flowers sometimes replaced by bulbils in M. bryophora, M. ferruginea, M. foliolosa, M. petiolaris, M. stellaris)
27 KB (988 words) - 13:15, 30 July 2020
genusEleocharis subgenusEleocharis subg. Eleocharis S. Galen Smith*, Jeremy J. Bruhl*, M. Socorro González-Elizondo*, Francis J. Menapace* Treatment appears in FNA
37 KB (456 words) - 02:15, 30 July 2020
connate, sometimes distinct distally; stigmas 2, entire or 2-lobed (less than 2 mm). Fruits capsular, (2-valved, obclavate to ovoid or ellipsoid). Seeds:
35 KB (4,327 words) - 12:03, 30 July 2020
corolla rotate, cupulate, campanulate, salverform, or funnelform; stamens (2–) 3–5, with 4 mostly connate in pairs, appearing as only (1–) 3 stamens; anthers
19 KB (877 words) - 11:15, 30 July 2020
3, adaxial 2; stamens 4, didynamous; filaments glabrate to lanate; staminode 0; ovary 2-locular, placentation axile; stigma linear, rarely 2-lobed (A. neoscotica)
23 KB (952 words) - 19:30, 29 July 2020
on page 23, 24, 29, 49, 51, 61, 64, 66, 67, 71, 75, 78, 83, 86. Shrubs, 0.005–6 m, clonal by layering or rhizomes, rarely root shoots, or not clonal. Stems
22 KB (876 words) - 12:17, 30 July 2020
longer than achene, seldom smooth; stamens 2–3; styles undivided or shallowly 2-fid, or deeply cleft into 2 (–3) linear stigmatic branches; style base
38 KB (1,253 words) - 01:40, 30 July 2020
Ferris (1923–1960, vol. 2) or P. A. Munz (1959), but was cited as a synonym of Atriplex argentea by P. C. Standley (1916). H. M. Hall and F. E. Clements
45 KB (1,022 words) - 09:34, 30 July 2020
Glumes 0-1-veined; calluses poorly developed, usually glabrous; lemmas membranous or chartaceous, 1 (3) -veined, unawned; paleas glabrous, 2-veined, often
22 KB (1,094 words) - 04:32, 30 July 2020
abaxially, 3.1–12 × 0.6–2.6 cm, apex usually acute; petals 3, ridged abaxially, with 2 adaxial longitudinal median rounded ridges, 3–11.2 × 0.6–3.4 cm, apex
37 KB (2,628 words) - 05:42, 30 July 2020
basally connate; ovaries superior, 2-carpellate, 3-carpellate, 5-carpellate, or 6–12-carpellate; placentation parietal; styles 0 or 1; stigmas 1 or 3; ovules
9 KB (407 words) - 11:39, 30 July 2020
slightly clavate, 2–40 (–50) × 0.3–5.5 cm, usually glabrous, tuberculate; areoles elliptic, circular, ovate, obovate, or obdeltate to rhombic, 0.7–5 mm diam
17 KB (804 words) - 09:14, 30 July 2020
recognized at the infraspecific (R. M. Tryon 1955) and specific (L. H. Snyder Jr. and J. G. Bruce 1986; J. W. Thieret 1980; J. M. Beitel and W. R. Buck, pers
17 KB (719 words) - 00:22, 30 July 2020
in 1 series, in 2–5 series, rarely in 4–5+ series in S. frondosum, pistillate, fertile; corollas white, pink, blue, or purple (rays 0, peripheral pistillate
62 KB (1,546 words) - 15:28, 15 December 2020
muriculate); pappi 0, or (single or double) persistent, whitish, crenate crowns or rings of (1–) 8–25+ teeth (mostly 0.05–0.1 mm) plus 0–6, coarse, smooth
16 KB (748 words) - 20:19, 29 July 2020
Flowers bisexual; hypanthium shallowly cupulate to hemispheric, less than 0.5 mm wide; sepals 5 (or (5–) 6 (–8) in C. jepsonii), usually incurved, sometimes
10 KB (807 words) - 18:19, 29 July 2020