View source for Bacopa

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Bacopa
|accepted_authority=Aublet
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Hist. Pl. Guiane
|place=1: 128, plate 49. 1775
|year=1775
}}
|common_names=Water-hyssop
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Plantaginaceae;Bacopa
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Plantaginaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Bacopa]]</div></div>
|etymology=Aboriginal name in French Guiana
|volume=Volume 17
|mention_page=page 12, 14, 15, 270, 425
|treatment_page=page 260
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole_organism duration;whole_organism duration;whole_organism location;whole_organism location;whole_organism architecture;whole_organism growth form"><b>Herbs,</b> annual or perennial, emergent or submerged, sometimes rooting from proximal nodes.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="stem orientation;stem orientation;stem pubescence;stem pubescence"><b>Stems </b>prostrate or erect, glabrous or slightly hairy.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="leaf position;leaf arrangement"><b>Leaves </b>cauline, opposite [whorled];</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="petiole prominence;petiole presence">petiole obscure or absent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="blade texture;blade texture;blade texture;margin shape;margin shape;margin shape;margin shape;margin shape">blade fleshy (B. monnieri) or not, not leathery, margins entire, crenate, or serrate.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="inflorescence position;flower architecture or arrangement or growth form;flower architecture or arrangement or growth form"><b>Inflorescences </b>axillary, flowers solitary or in pairs;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="bract presence">bracts absent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="pedicel presence;pedicel presence"><b>Pedicels </b>present or absent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="bracteole presence">bracteoles present [absent].</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="flower reproduction"><b>Flowers </b>bisexual;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="sepal quantity;sepal quantity;sepal fusion;sepal position;sepal width;sepal shape;sepal shape;sepal shape;sepal shape;sepal shape;calyx architecture or shape;calyx shape">sepals 4 or 5, distinct, outer wider than inner, ovate, lanceolate, or oblong, calyx radially or bilaterally symmetric, campanulate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="corolla coloration;corolla coloration;corolla coloration;corolla coloration;corolla coloration;corolla architecture;corolla architecture;corolla architecture;corolla shape;corolla shape;corolla shape;tube base shape;tube base shape;throat pubescence;lobe quantity;lobe quantity;abaxial lobe quantity;abaxial lobe quantity;adaxial lobe quantity">corolla white (sometimes with yellow throat), pink, or violet-blue, radially or bilaterally (B. repens) symmetric, regular or weakly bilabiate, rotate or campanulate, rarely tubular, tube base not spurred or gibbous, throat not densely pilose internally, lobes 4 or 5, abaxial 2 or 3, adaxial 2;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="stamen quantity;stamen fusion;stamen architecture;stamen variability;filament pubescence">stamens 2–4, adnate to corolla, didynamous or equal, filaments glabrous;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="staminode presence">staminode 0;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="ovary architecture or structure in adjective form;ovary placentation">ovary 2-locular, placentation axile;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="stigma shape">stigmas peltately flattened and semicapitate.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="fruits capsule dehiscence;fruits capsule dehiscence;fruits capsule dehiscence"><b>Fruits </b>capsules, dehiscence septicidal-loculicidal or loculicidal.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s17" data-properties="seed quantity;seed coloration;seed shape;seed architecture or coloration or relief"><b>Seeds </b>80–120, brownish black, ellipsoid to cylindric, reticulate, wings absent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s18" data-properties="wing presence;wing quantity">× = 14.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=North America;Mexico;West Indies;Central America;South America;s Europe;Asia;Africa;Indian Ocean Islands (Madagascar);Australia
|discussion=<p>Species ca. 70 (7 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p>Bacopa laxiflora (Bentham) Wettstein ex Edwall, native to Central America and South America, has been introduced to Mexico and may be expected in the flora area. Plants of B. laxiflora resemble B. monnieri; they differ by erect stems and acute leaf blade apices.</p>
|tables=
|references={{Treatment/Reference
|id=barrett1978a
|text=Barrett, S. C. H. and J. L. Strother. 1978. Taxonomy and natural history of Bacopa (Scrophulariaceae) in California. Syst. Bot. 3: 408–419.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=schuyler1989a
|text=Schuyler, A. E. 1989. Intertidal variants of Bacopa rotundifolia and B. innominata in the Chesapeake Bay drainage. Bartonia 55: 18–22.
}}
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Leaf blades 1-nerved.
|[[Bacopa monnieri|Bacopa monnieri]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Leaf blades (3–)5–9+-nerved.
|[[#key-0-2| > 2]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Plants aromatic; bracteoles present; corollas violet-blue with violet-blue throats.
|[[Bacopa caroliniana|Bacopa caroliniana]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Plants not aromatic; bracteoles absent; corollas white with yellow or white throats or pink with pink throats.
|[[#key-0-3| > 3]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Leaf blade bases narrowly cuneate.
|[[#key-0-4| > 4]]
|-id=key-0-4
|4
|Leaf blade margins crenate.
|[[Bacopa egensis|Bacopa egensis]]
|-id=key-0-4
|4
|Leaf blade margins entire.
|[[Bacopa repens|Bacopa repens]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Leaf blade bases broadly cuneate to truncate.
|[[#key-0-5| > 5]]
|-id=key-0-5
|5
|Pedicels 6–10 mm; corollas 2–5 mm, white with white throats.
|[[Bacopa innominata|Bacopa innominata]]
|-id=key-0-5
|5
|Pedicels 9–51 mm; corollas 5–14 mm, white with yellow throats.
|[[#key-0-6| > 6]]
|-id=key-0-6
|6
|Pedicels 9–15 mm; corollas 5–10 mm.
|[[Bacopa rotundifolia|Bacopa rotundifolia]]
|-id=key-0-6
|6
|Pedicels 17–51 mm; corollas 10–14 mm.
|[[Bacopa eisenii|Bacopa eisenii]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Bacopa
|author=Adjoa Richardson Ahedor
|authority=Aublet
|rank=genus
|parent rank=family
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Plantaginaceae
|illustrator=Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey
|illustration copyright=Flora of North America Association
|distribution=North America;Mexico;West Indies;Central America;South America;s Europe;Asia;Africa;Indian Ocean Islands (Madagascar);Australia
|reference=barrett1978a;schuyler1989a
|publication title=Hist. Pl. Guiane
|publication year=1775
|special status=
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V17/V17_629.xml
|genus=Bacopa
|abaxial lobe quantity=3;2
|adaxial lobe quantity=2
|blade texture=not leathery;not;fleshy
|bract presence=absent
|bracteole presence=absent
|calyx architecture or shape=symmetric
|calyx shape=campanulate
|corolla architecture=bilabiate;regular;symmetric
|corolla coloration=violet-blue;pink;violet-blue;pink;white
|corolla shape=tubular;campanulate;rotate
|filament pubescence=glabrous
|flower architecture or arrangement or growth form=in pairs;solitary
|flower reproduction=bisexual
|fruits capsule dehiscence=loculicidal;septicidal-loculicidal;dehiscence
|inflorescence position=axillary
|leaf arrangement=opposite
|leaf position=cauline
|lobe quantity=5;4
|margin shape=serrate;crenate;serrate;crenate;entire
|ovary architecture or structure in adjective form=2-locular
|ovary placentation=axile
|pedicel presence=absent;absent
|petiole presence=absent
|petiole prominence=obscure
|seed architecture or coloration or relief=reticulate
|seed coloration=brownish black
|seed quantity=80;120
|seed shape=ellipsoid;cylindric
|sepal fusion=distinct
|sepal position=outer
|sepal quantity=5;4
|sepal shape=oblong;lanceolate;oblong;lanceolate;ovate
|sepal width=outer wider
|stamen architecture=didynamous
|stamen fusion=adnate
|stamen quantity=2;4
|stamen variability=equal
|staminode presence=absent
|stem orientation=erect;prostrate
|stem pubescence=hairy;glabrous
|stigma shape=flattened
|throat pubescence=pilose
|tube base shape=gibbous;not spurred
|whole_organism architecture=rooting
|whole_organism duration=perennial;annual
|whole_organism growth form=herb
|whole_organism location=submerged;emergent
|wing presence=absent
|wing quantity=14
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Plantaginaceae]]