View source for Themeda ← Themeda You do not have permission to edit this page, for the following reason: The action you have requested is limited to users in the group: Users. You can view and copy the source of this page. {{Treatment/ID |accepted_name=Themeda |accepted_authority=Forssk. |publications= |basionyms= |synonyms= |hierarchy=Poaceae;Poaceae subfam. Panicoideae;Poaceae tribe Andropogoneae;Themeda |hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Poaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Poaceae subfam. Panicoideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Poaceae tribe Andropogoneae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Themeda]]</div></div> |volume=Volume 25 |mention_page= |treatment_page=page 682 }}<!-- --><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties=""><b>Plants </b>annual or perennial;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="whole_organism duration;whole_organism duration;whole_organism growth form;whole_organism architecture;whole_organism growth form">usually cespitose, rarely stoloniferous.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="culm some measurement;culm orientation"><b>Culms </b>30-310 cm, erect.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="leaf odor"><b>Leaves </b>not aromatic;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="sheath architecture">sheaths open;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="ligule texture;ligule architecture or pubescence or shape">ligules membranous, sometimes ciliate.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="inflorescence quantity;inflorescence position or structure subtype;inflorescence position"><b>Inflorescences </b>numerous, terminal and axillary, false panicles;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="rame quantity">peduncles shorter than the subtending sheaths, with 1-8 rames;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="peduncle height or length or size;axis size;axis position or structure subtype;groove dehiscence or orientation;groove coloration or reflectance;spikelet quantity;spikelet size;spikelet architecture or arrangement or growth form;spikelet reproduction;spikelet architecture;base size;base reproduction;base architecture;spikelet size;spikelet reproduction;spikelet architecture;spikelet quantity;spikelet architecture;spikelet quantity;spikelet architecture">rames spikelet-bearing to the base, axes slender, without a longitudinal translucent groove, with 2 large, solitary, homogamous sessile-pedicellate spikelet pairs at the base and 1-4 smaller, heterogamous sessile-pedicellate spikelet pairs distally, terminal or only unit sometimes a triplet with 1 sessile and 2 pedicellate spikelets;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="spikelet architecture;spikelet unit reproduction;spikelet reproduction">disarticulation in the rames below the sessile spikelets of the heterogamous spikelet units, occasionally beneath the homogamous spikelets.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="spikelet reproduction;spikelet prominence;spikelet arrangement"><b>Homogamous </b>spikelet pairs distinctive, forming an involucre around the rame bases, separated by internodes less than M as long as the spikelets;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="spikelet size;spikelet shape;spikelet architecture;spikelet reproduction">spikelets subequal, strongly compressed dorsally, staminate or sterile, unawned;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="lower glume texture;lower glume shape">lower glumes membranous, 2-keeled.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="spikelet reproduction;spikelet architecture;spikelet shape;spikelet shape;spikelet architecture or shape"><b>Heterogamous </b>spikelet pairs: sessile spikelets subterete or dorsally compressed, awned;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="spikelet reproduction;callus pubescence;callus shape">calluses bearded, usually sharp;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="spikelet reproduction;glume texture">glumes coriaceous;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="spikelet reproduction;lower glume architecture;lower glume shape;lower glume architecture or shape;upper glume position">lower glumes wrapped around and concealing the upper glumes, obscurely veined but not keeled, truncate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s17" data-properties="spikelet reproduction;upper glume architecture;margin width">upper glumes sulcate, with thin margins;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s18" data-properties="spikelet reproduction;lower floret size;lower floret reproduction">lower florets highly reduced, sterile;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s19" data-properties="spikelet reproduction;upper floret reproduction;awn shape">upper florets bisexual, upper lemmas usually terminating in a geniculate awn;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s20" data-properties="spikelet reproduction;awn presence;awn some measurement;awn pubescence;awn presence">awns usually present, to 9 cm, puberulent to pubescent, sometimes absent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s21" data-properties="pedicel size;pedicel architecture;pedicel fusion"><b>Pedicels </b>slender, not sulcate, not fused to the rame axes;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s22" data-properties="spikelet architecture;spikelet architecture;spikelet reproduction;spikelet reproduction">pedicellate spikelets similar to the homogamous spikelets except narrower, staminate or sterile, and unawned.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s23" data-properties="caryopsis shape;caryopsis shape;caryopsis shape;caryopsis shape;caryopsis shape;caryopsis shape;caryopsis shape;caryopsis shape;side quantity;x chromosome quantity;x chromosome quantity"><b>Caryopses </b>narrowly ovate or linear, subterete or channeled on 1 side, x = 5,10.</span><!-- -->{{Treatment/Body |distribution=Puerto Rico;Tex.;La.;Calif.;Fla.;Kans.;Pacific Islands (Hawaii);Md.;Va. |discussion=<p>Themeda is a genus of approximately 18 species, all of which are native to tropical and subtropical regions of the Eastern Hemisphere, primarily southeast Asia. One species has been established in the Flora region, one is grown as an ornamental, and a third was introduced but is not known to be established.</p> |tables= |references={{Treatment/Reference |id=reed1964d |text=Reed, C.R 1964. A flora of the chrome and manganese ore piles at Canton, in the Port of Baltimore, Maryland and at Newport News, Virginia, with descriptions of genera and species new to the flora of the eastern United States. Phytologia 10:321-405 }}{{Treatment/Reference |id=simon1992a |text=Simon, B.K. 1992. Themeda. Pp. 1227-1228 in J.R. Wheeler (ed.). Flora of the Kimberley Region. Department of Conservation and Land Management, Western Australian Herbarium, Como, Western Australia, Australia. 1327 pp. }}{{Treatment/Reference |id=towne2000a |text=Towne, E.G. and I. Barnard. 2000. Themeda quadrivalvis (Poaceae: Andropogoneae) in Kansas: An exotic plant introduced from birdseed. Sida 19:201-203. }} }}<!-- --><div class="treatment-key"> ==Key== <div class="treatment-key-group"> {| class="wikitable fna-keytable" |-id=key-0-1 |1 |Awns 7-9 cm long; calluses 3-4 mm long |[[Themeda arguens|Themeda arguens]] |-id=key-0-1 |1 |Awns 2.5-7 cm long; calluses 0.5-4 mm long. |[[#key-0-2| > 2]] |-id=key-0-2 |2 |Plants annual; homogamous spikelets 4-7 mm long; sessile spikelets of heterogamous pairs 4-6 mm long |[[Themeda quadrivalvis|Themeda quadrivalvis]] |-id=key-0-2 |2 |Plants perennial; homogamous spikelets 6-14 mm long; sessile spikelets of heterogamous pairs 6-14 mm long |[[Themeda triandra|Themeda triandra]] |} </div></div><!-- -->{{#Taxon: name=Themeda |author=Mary E. Barkworth; |authority=Forssk. |rank=genus |parent rank=tribe |synonyms= |basionyms= |family=Poaceae |distribution=Puerto Rico;Tex.;La.;Calif.;Fla.;Kans.;Pacific Islands (Hawaii);Md.;Va. |reference=reed1964d;simon1992a;towne2000a |publication title= |publication year= |special status= |source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V25/V25_1632.xml |subfamily=Poaceae subfam. Panicoideae |tribe=Poaceae tribe Andropogoneae |genus=Themeda |awn presence=absent;absent |awn pubescence=puberulent;pubescent |awn shape=geniculate |awn some measurement=0cm;9cm |axis position or structure subtype=terminal |axis size=slender |base architecture=sessile-pedicellate |base reproduction=heterogamous |base size=smaller |callus pubescence=bearded |callus shape=sharp |caryopsis shape=channeled;subterete;linear;ovate;channeled;subterete;linear;ovate |culm orientation=erect |culm some measurement=30cm;310cm |glume texture=coriaceous |groove coloration or reflectance=translucent |groove dehiscence or orientation=longitudinal |inflorescence position=axillary |inflorescence position or structure subtype=terminal |inflorescence quantity=numerous |leaf odor=not aromatic |ligule architecture or pubescence or shape=ciliate |ligule texture=membranous |lower floret reproduction=sterile |lower floret size=reduced |lower glume architecture=veined |lower glume architecture or shape=truncate |lower glume shape=not keeled;2-keeled |lower glume texture=membranous |margin width=thin |pedicel architecture=not sulcate |pedicel fusion=not fused |pedicel size=slender |peduncle height or length or size=shorter |rame quantity=1;8 |sheath architecture=open |side quantity=1 |spikelet architecture=staminate;pedicellate;sessile;staminate;sessile;pedicellate;sessile;sessile-pedicellate;sessile-pedicellate |spikelet architecture or arrangement or growth form=solitary |spikelet architecture or shape=awned |spikelet arrangement=separated |spikelet prominence=distinctive |spikelet quantity=2;1;2 |spikelet reproduction=homogamous;sterile;heterogamous;heterogamous;heterogamous;heterogamous;heterogamous;heterogamous;heterogamous;heterogamous;sterile;homogamous;homogamous;heterogamous;homogamous |spikelet shape=compressed;subterete;compressed |spikelet size=subequal;smaller;large |spikelet unit reproduction=heterogamous |upper floret reproduction=bisexual |upper glume architecture=sulcate |upper glume position=concealing |whole_organism architecture=stoloniferous |whole_organism duration=perennial;annual |whole_organism growth form=plant;cespitose |x chromosome quantity=10;5 }}<!-- -->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Poaceae tribe Andropogoneae]] Templates used on this page: Template:Poaceae (view source) Template:Treatment/AuthorLink (view source) Template:Treatment/Body (view source) Template:Treatment/Body/Maps (view source) Template:Treatment/ID (view source) Template:Treatment/Reference (view source) Return to Themeda.