View source for Pinus ponderosa

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Pinus ponderosa
|accepted_authority=Douglas ex Lawson & C. Lawson
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Agric. Man.
|place=354. 1836
|year=1836
}}
|common_names=Ponderosa pine;western yellow pine;pin à bois lourd;pino real;pinabete
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=F
|label=Illustrated
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Pinaceae;Pinus;Pinus ponderosa
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Pinaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Pinus]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Pinus ponderosa]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 2
|mention_page=
|treatment_page=
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole_organism some measurement;whole_organism growth form"><b>Trees </b>to 72m;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="trunk diameter;trunk course">trunk to 2.5m diam., straight;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="crown shape">crown broadly conic to rounded.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="bark coloration;bark architecture;plate shape;plate architecture or pubescence"><b>Bark </b>yellow to redbrown, deeply irregularly furrowed, cross-checked into broadly rectangular, scaly plates.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="branch orientation"><b>Branches </b>descending to spreading-ascending;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="twig fragility or size;twig coloration;twig life cycle;twig coloration;twig pubescence or relief">twigs stout (to 2cm thick), orangebrown, aging darker orangebrown, rough.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="bud shape;bud some measurement;bud width;bud coloration;bud coating"><b>Buds </b>ovoid, to 2cm, fully 1cm broad, redbrown, very resinous;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="scale margin shape">scale margins white-fringed.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="leaf quantity;leaf orientation;leaf duration;leaf atypical quantity;leaf atypical quantity;leaf quantity;leaf atypical length;leaf length;leaf atypical width;leaf width;leaf architecture;leaf arrangement or pubescence;leaf fragility or texture;leaf depth;leaf coloration;stomatal prominence;line prominence;margin architecture or shape;apex shape;apex shape"><b>Leaves </b>2–5 per fascicle, spreading to erect, persisting (2–) 4–6 (–7) years, 7–25 (–30) cm × (1–) 1.2–2mm, slightly twisted, tufted at twig tips, pliant, deep yellow-green, all surfaces with evident stomatal lines, margins serrulate, apex abruptly to narrowly acute or acuminate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="sheath some measurement;base duration">sheath 1.5–3cm, base persistent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="pollen cone shape;pollen cone some measurement;pollen cone coloration;pollen cone coloration"><b>Pollen </b>cones ellipsoid-cylindric, 1.5–3.5cm, yellow or red.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="cone-seed life cycle;cone-seed architecture or arrangement or growth form;cone-seed architecture or arrangement or growth form;cone-seed orientation;cone-seed shape or architecture;cone-seed architecture or shape;cone-seed shape;cone-seed shape;cone-seed distance;cone-seed coloration;cone-seed architecture;year quantity;scale orientation;scale orientation;scale arrangement;spiral shape;spiral quantity;scale arrangement"><b>Seed-</b>cones maturing in 2 years, shedding seeds soon thereafter, leaving rosettes of scales on branchlets, solitary or rarely in pairs, spreading to reflexed, symmetric to slightly asymmetric, conic-ovoid before opening, broadly ovoid when open, 5–15cm, mostly reddish-brown, sessile to nearly sessile, scales in steep spirals (as compared to Pinus jeffreyi) of 5–7 per row as viewed from side, those of cones just prior to and after cone fall spreading and reflexed, thus well separate from adjacent scales;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="apophysis reflectance;apophysis size or width;apophysis prominence;apophysis shape">apophyses dull to lustrous, thickened and variously raised and transversely keeled;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="umbo position;umbo shape;umbo shape;umbo shape;spur architecture or shape">umbo central, usually pyramidal to truncated, rarely depressed, merely acute, or with a very short apiculus, or with a stout-based spur or prickle.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="seed shape"><b>Seeds </b>ellipsoid-obovoid;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="body atypical some measurement;body some measurement;body coloration;body coloration">body (3–) 4–9mm, brown to yellowbrown, often mottled darker;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="wing some measurement">wing 15–25mm.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=B.C.;Ariz.;Calif.;Colo.;Idaho;Mont.;N.Dak.;N.Mex.;Nebr.;Nev.;Okla.;Oreg.;S.Dak.;Tex.;Utah;Wash.;Wyo.;Mexico
|discussion=<p>Pinus ponderosa is the most economically important western yellow pine. Its wood is more similar in character to the white pines, and it is often referred to as white pine. The taxonomy of this complex is far from resolved.</p><!--
--><p>Ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) is the state tree of Montana.</p><!--
--><p>Varieties 3 (3 in the flora).</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Leaves mainly 2-3 per fascicle, (7-)10-17 cm.
|[[Pinus ponderosa var. scopulorum|Pinus ponderosa var. scopulorum]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Leaves mainly 3-5 per fascicle, (7-)12-25(-30) cm.
|[[#key-0-2| > 2]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Buds very resinous; leaves commonly 3 per fascicle, 12-25(-30) cm × (1.2-)1.5-2 mm; pollen cones mostly red; seed cones 8-15 cm; twigs commonly not glaucous.
|[[Pinus ponderosa var. ponderosa|Pinus ponderosa var. ponderosa]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Buds slightly resinous; leaves commonly 4-5 per fascicle, 7-17 cm × 1-1.2(-1.5) mm; pollen cones mostly yellow; seed cones 5-8 cm; twigs usually glaucous.
|[[Pinus ponderosa var. arizonica|Pinus ponderosa var. arizonica]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Pinus ponderosa
|authority=Douglas ex Lawson & C. Lawson
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Pinaceae
|distribution=B.C.;Ariz.;Calif.;Colo.;Idaho;Mont.;N.Dak.;N.Mex.;Nebr.;Nev.;Okla.;Oreg.;S.Dak.;Tex.;Utah;Wash.;Wyo.;Mexico
|reference=None
|publication title=Agric. Man.
|publication year=1836
|special status=Illustrated
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V2/V2_149.xml
|genus=Pinus
|species=Pinus ponderosa
|apex shape=acuminate;acute
|apophysis prominence=raised
|apophysis reflectance=dull;lustrous
|apophysis shape=keeled
|apophysis size or width=thickened
|bark architecture=furrowed
|bark coloration=yellow;redbrown
|base duration=persistent
|body atypical some measurement=3mm;4mm
|body coloration=mottled darker;brown;yellowbrown
|body some measurement=4mm;9mm
|branch orientation=descending;spreading-ascending
|bud coating=resinous
|bud coloration=redbrown
|bud shape=ovoid
|bud some measurement=0cm;2cm
|bud width=1
|cone-seed architecture=sessile;nearly sessile
|cone-seed architecture or arrangement or growth form=rarely;solitary
|cone-seed architecture or shape=asymmetric
|cone-seed coloration=reddish-brown
|cone-seed distance=5cm;15cm
|cone-seed life cycle=maturing
|cone-seed orientation=spreading;reflexed
|cone-seed shape=ovoid;conic-ovoid
|cone-seed shape or architecture=symmetric to slightly
|crown shape=broadly conic;rounded
|leaf architecture=twisted
|leaf arrangement or pubescence=tufted
|leaf atypical length=25cm;30cm
|leaf atypical quantity=6;7
|leaf atypical width=1mm;1.2mm
|leaf coloration=yellow-green
|leaf depth=deep
|leaf duration=persisting
|leaf fragility or texture=pliant
|leaf length=7cm;25cm
|leaf orientation=spreading;erect
|leaf quantity=4;6
|leaf width=1.2mm;2mm
|line prominence=evident
|margin architecture or shape=serrulate
|plate architecture or pubescence=scaly
|plate shape=rectangular
|pollen cone coloration=red;yellow
|pollen cone shape=ellipsoid-cylindric
|pollen cone some measurement=1.5cm;3.5cm
|scale arrangement=adjacent;separate
|scale margin shape=white-fringed
|scale orientation=reflexed;spreading
|seed shape=ellipsoid-obovoid
|sheath some measurement=1.5cm;3cm
|spiral quantity=5;7
|spiral shape=steep
|spur architecture or shape=stout-based
|stomatal prominence=evident
|trunk course=straight
|trunk diameter=0m;2.5m
|twig coloration=darker orangebrown;orangebrown
|twig fragility or size=stout
|twig life cycle=aging
|twig pubescence or relief=rough
|umbo position=central
|umbo shape=acute;depressed;usually pyramidal;truncated
|whole_organism growth form=tree
|whole_organism some measurement=0m;72m
|wing some measurement=15mm;25mm
|year quantity=2
}}<!--

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