View source for Juncaginaceae

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Juncaginaceae
|accepted_authority=Richard
|publications=
|common_names=Arrow-grass Family
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Juncaginaceae
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Juncaginaceae]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 22
|mention_page=
|treatment_page=page 43
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole_organism duration;whole_organism duration;whole_organism architecture;whole_organism growth form;stem prominence;stem presence"><b>Herbs,</b> perennial or annual, rhizomatous, evident stems absent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="turion presence">turions absent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="leaf position;leaf location;leaf architecture"><b>Leaves </b>basal, emersed, sessile;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="sheath duration;sheath length or size;scar arrangement or shape;scar architecture;scar shape;lobe texture">sheath persisting longer than blade, not leaving circular scar when shed, ligulate, auriculate with scarious lobes;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="blade arrangement or course or shape">blade linear;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="squamules scale quantity">intravaginal squamules scales, more than 2.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="inflorescence position;inflorescence position;spike architecture;raceme shape;flower architecture or arrangement or growth form;flower architecture"><b>Inflorescences </b>terminal or axillary, scapose spikes, spikelike racemes, rarely solitary flowers, without spathe, pedunculate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="peduncle length;peduncle arrangement">peduncle following fertilization not elongating, not spiraling.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties=""><b>Flowers </b>bisexual or unisexual, staminate and pistillate on same plant;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="flower reproduction;flower reproduction;flower architecture;flower architecture;flower presence">subtending bracts absent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="perianth presence;perianth presence">perianth present, rarely absent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="tepal quantity;tepal quantity;series quantity">tepals 1, or 6 in 1–2 series.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="flower reproduction;flower architecture;stamen quantity;stamen quantity;stamen quantity;stamen position;series quantity"><b>Bisexual </b>and staminate flowers: stamens 1, 4, or 6, epitepalous, when 4 or 6, then in 2–3 series;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="whole-organism reproduction;flower architecture;anther fusion;anther dehiscence">anthers distinct, dehiscing longitudinally;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="whole-organism reproduction;flower architecture;pollen shape">pollen globose.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="flower architecture;flower reproduction;pistil quantity;pistil quantity;pistil quantity;pistil architecture;pistil fusion"><b>Pistillate </b>and bisexual flowers: pistils 1, 3, or 6, not stipitate, when 3 or 6, coherent or weakly connate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="whole-organism architecture;flower reproduction;ovule position;ovule orientation">ovules basal, anatropous.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s17" data-properties=""><b>Fruits </b>nutlets or schizocarps.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s18" data-properties="seed quantity"><b>Seeds </b>1;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s19" data-properties="embryo course">embryo straight.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=Nearly worldwide
|discussion=<p>Genera 4, species ca. 15 (2 genera, 5 species in the flora).</p>
|tables=
|references={{Treatment/Reference
|id=dahlgren1985a
|text=Dahlgren, R. M. T., H. T. Clifford, and P. F. Yeo. 1985. The Families of Monocotyledons. Berlin.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=haynes1985a
|text=Haynes, R. R. and L. B. Holm-Nielsen. 1985. A generic treatment of Alismatidae in the Neotropics. Acta Amazon. 15(suppl.): 153--193.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=larsen1966a
|text=Larsen, K. 1966. Cytotaxonomical note on Lilaea. Bot. Not. 119: 496--497.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=reveal1977b
|text=Reveal, J. L. 1977. Juncaginaceae. In: A. Cronquist et al. 1972+. Intermountain Flora. 5+ vols. New York and London. Vol. 6, pp. 18--22.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=thieret1988a
|text=Thieret, J. W. 1988. The Juncaginaceae in the southeastern United States. J. Arnold Arbor. 69: 1--23.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=thorne1993b
|text=Thorne, R. F. 1993. Juncaginaceae. In: J. C. Hickman, ed. 1993. The Jepson Manual. Higher Plants of California. Berkeley, Los Angeles, and London. Pp. 1166--1168.
}}
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Inflorescences both scapose spikelike racemes with bisexual and unisexual flowers and sessile with pistillate flowers; pistils 1
|[[Lilaea|Lilaea]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Inflorescences all scapose spikelike racemes with bisexual flowers; fertile pistils 3 or 6
|[[Triglochin|Triglochin]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Juncaginaceae
|author=Robert R. Haynes;C. Barre Hellquist
|authority=Richard
|rank=family
|parent rank=
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Juncaginaceae
|illustrator=John Myers
|illustration copyright=Flora of North America Association
|distribution=Nearly worldwide
|reference=dahlgren1985a;haynes1985a;larsen1966a;reveal1977b;thieret1988a;thorne1993b
|publication title=
|publication year=
|special status=
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/62857cf6bca5c4637d27b113da92d27dbf9962f4/V22/V22_107.xml
|anther dehiscence=dehiscing
|anther fusion=distinct
|blade arrangement or course or shape=linear
|embryo course=straight
|flower architecture=pistillate;staminate;staminate;staminate;pistillate;staminate;pedunculate
|flower architecture or arrangement or growth form=solitary
|flower presence=absent
|flower reproduction=bisexual;bisexual;bisexual;unisexual;bisexual
|inflorescence position=axillary;terminal
|leaf architecture=sessile
|leaf location=emersed
|leaf position=basal
|lobe texture=scarious
|ovule orientation=anatropous
|ovule position=basal
|peduncle arrangement=not spiraling
|peduncle length=not elongating
|perianth presence=absent;absent
|pistil architecture=not stipitate
|pistil fusion=list
|pistil quantity=6;3;1
|pollen shape=globose
|raceme shape=spikelike
|scar architecture=ligulate
|scar arrangement or shape=circular
|scar shape=auriculate
|seed quantity=1
|series quantity=2;3
|sheath duration=persisting
|sheath length or size=longer
|spike architecture=scapose
|stamen position=epitepalous
|stamen quantity=6;4;1
|stem presence=absent
|stem prominence=evident
|tepal quantity=6;1
|turion presence=absent
|whole-organism architecture=pistillate
|whole-organism reproduction=bisexual;bisexual
|whole_organism architecture=rhizomatous
|whole_organism duration=annual;perennial
|whole_organism growth form=herb
}}<!--

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