View source for Hymenostylium

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Hymenostylium
|accepted_authority=Bridel
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Bryol. Univ.
|place=2: 81. 1827 ,
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Pottiaceae;Pottiaceae subfam. Barbuloideae;Hymenostylium
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Pottiaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Pottiaceae subfam. Barbuloideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Hymenostylium]]</div></div>
|etymology=Greek hymen, membrane, and stylos, pillar, alluding to systylius capsule
|volume=Volume 27
|mention_page=page 479, 487, 488, 521, 535, 578
|treatment_page=page 577
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole_organism growth form;whole_organism coloration;whole_organism coloration;whole_organism growth form;tuft pubescence or texture;tuft density;leaf life cycle"><b>Plants </b>in soft, dense tufts, cushions or sods, yellow to dark green distally, pale-brown proximally, or sordid brown throughout, occasionally with a red tinge in young leaves.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="stem atypical some measurement;stem some measurement;stem architecture;stem relief;stem relief;innovation architecture"><b>Stems </b>0.5–7 (–10) cm, often sparingly branched by subfloral innovations, smooth or occasionally scabrous-papillose;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="transverse-section shape;transverse-section shape;transverse-section shape;transverse-section shape;transverse-section shape;hyalodermi presence;scleroderm presence">transverse-section round, rounded-pentagonal, or triangular, hyalodermis usually absent, sclerodermis present, central strand absent [present];</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="central strand presence">moderately radiculose proximally, occasionally to the apex;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="axillary hair position;axillary hair quantity;cell quantity;cell coloration;cell coloration;cell coloration">axillary hairs of around 8 cells, the basal 1–2 cells brownish or occasionally all cells hyaline.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties=""><b>Leaves </b>appressed to appressed-incurved and weakly contorted when dry, weakly to strongly spreading-recurved when moist;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="leaf orientation;leaf arrangement or shape;leaf orientation;leaf shape;adaxial surface shape;adaxial surface shape;adaxial surface atypical some measurement;adaxial surface some measurement">linear to oblong-lanceolate, adaxial surface sharply keeled or canaliculate, 0.5–2.8 (–3) mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="base variability;base shape;base shape;base architecture or shape;base position;distal lamina orientation">base scarcely differentiated to ovate or rectangular, sometimes semi-sheathing proximal to a reflexed distal lamina;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="distal margin orientation;side quantity;margin orientation;base size;margin shape;margin architecture or pubescence or relief;margin shape;margin architecture;patch size;apex shape;apex architecture or shape;apex shape;apex shape;cell coloration">distal margins narrowly recurved along 1 or both sides, or margins of expanded base broadly recurved, all margins papillose-denticulate to smooth or scalloped-denticulate, occasionally 2-stratose distally in small to extensive patches, apex sharply to bluntly acute, sometimes apiculate with a clear cell, acuminate-mucronate, or rarely obtuse to rounded;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="cell quantity;mucro fragility or size;mucro architecture;mucro fragility or size;row quantity;abaxial cell shape;abaxial cell quantity;abaxial cell quantity;abaxial cell relief;abaxial cell relief;transverse-section shape;transverse-section shape;costal adaxial epidermis presence;band presence;band presence;plant condition;guide cell atypical quantity;guide cell quantity;hydroid strand presence;band development;abaxial epidermis presence;abaxial epidermis variability">costa ending 2–6 cells before the apex or percurrent to excurrent as a stout mucro, costal adaxial cells epapillose, in 4–5 rows, abaxial cells elongate, 3: 1, papillose or smooth, transverse-section semicircular or concave adaxially, adaxial costal epidermis absent, adaxial stereid band present but absent in depauperate plants, guide cells 2–4 (–6) in one layer, hydroid strand absent, abaxial stereid band well developed, abaxial epidermis absent or weakly differentiated;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="basal-cell variability;basal-cell texture;basal-cell architecture or arrangement;basal-cell shape;basal-cell quantity;basal-cell quantity;basal-cell architecture;narrower cell shape;decurrency size;decurrency fragility">basal-cells differentiated, typically firm to occasionally lax medially, rectangular, 2–4: 1, even or often strongly irregularly porose, with narrower rectangular cells extending into a slender, often fragile decurrency;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="distal laminal cell variability;distal laminal cell size;distal laminal cell shape;distal laminal cell architecture;distal laminal cell width;distal laminal cell atypical quantity;distal laminal cell quantity;distal laminal cell quantity;costa size;cell-wall width;cell-wall size;cell-wall shape;papilla architecture;papilla shape;papilla quantity;papilla position;papilla arrangement;papilla presence">distal laminal cells typically heterogeneous, larger along the costa grading to distinctly smaller on the margins, irregularly subquadrate to shortrectangular to porose throughout, 8–12 µm wide, 1–2 (–3):1, cell-walls thin to typically incrassate, flat to slightly convex in section, papillae simple and sharp to 2-fid, 1–3 or more per lumen, centered to scattered, occasionally absent, lumina clear to pellucid.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties=""><b>Specialized </b>asexual reproduction none.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="lumen coloration;lumen development;lumen reproduction;lumen quantity;lumen reproduction;lumen reproduction"><b>Sexual </b>condition dioicous;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="perigonium position or structure subtype">perigonia gemmate, terminal;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="perichaetium position or structure subtype;leaf length or size;leaf architecture or shape">perichaetia terminal, leaves little different from the cauline, somewhat longer, slightly sheathing.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="seta coloration;seta coloration;seta some measurement;seta architecture"><b>Seta </b>yellow when young, redbrown with age, 0.5–1 cm, twisted clockwise.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s17" data-properties="capsule coloration;capsule shape;capsule shape;capsule shape;capsule shape;capsule shape;capsule shape;capsule some measurement"><b>Capsule </b>yellow to redbrown, variably globose, ovoid, obovoid, or subcylindric, ca. 0.5–1 mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s18" data-properties="operculum architecture;operculum shape;operculum some measurement">operculum inconstantly systylius, obliquely conic-rostrate, 0.2–1 mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s19" data-properties="peristome presence">peristome absent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s20" data-properties="calyptra shape;calyptra architecture or pubescence or relief"><b>Calyptra </b>cucullate, smooth.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s21" data-properties=""><b>Spores </b>ca. 17 µm, brownish, finely papillose.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s22" data-properties="spore some measurement;spore coloration;spore relief;spore coloration;spore coloration"><b>KOH </b>laminal color reaction yellow.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=Nearly worldwide
|discussion=<p>Species 15 (1 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p>Aside from the gymnostomous capsule, the most important character distinguishing Hymenostylium from other genera in the flora area is the absence of a stem central strand. Gymnostomum, with a similar habitat, has a central strand. Species in the peristomate genus Hennediella, for example, also may have systylius capsules but have central strands in addition to a laminal marginal border, while the costal adaxial stereid band is absent. The genus Trichostomum has a stem central strand, as is characteristic of Barbula and Didymodon. Leptodontium is similarly without a stem central strand, has a strong sclerodermis and hyalodermis, and reduced costa in cross section, but is distinct by the well-developed peristome, toothed leaf margin and nonhygric habitat. Eucladium, also without a central strand, lacks a sclerodermis, and its costa has both an ab- and adaxial epidermis and two stereid bands. Hymenostylium is frequently if perhaps not accurately described and illustrated as having no hyalodermis. However, a large hyalodermis was often present in specimens from the flora area, this usually collapsed and perhaps overlooked. According to R. H. Zander (1993), Hymenostylium is phylogenetically related to Leptodontium in the Leptodontieae, whereas Gymnostomum, a genus into which Hymenostylium is often placed, belongs with the Barbuleae.</p>
|tables=
|references={{Treatment/Reference
|id=zander1982b
|text=Zander, R. H. and P. M. Eckel. 1982. Hymenostylium recurvirostrum var. insigne and Barbula amplexifolia in British Columbia, Canada. Canad. J. Bot. 60: 1596–1600.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=zander1994k
|text=Zander, R. H. 1994q. Hymenostylium. In: A. J. Sharp et al., eds. The moss flora of Mexico. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 69: 250–252.
}}
}}<!--

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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Hymenostylium
|author=Patricia M. Eckel
|authority=Bridel
|rank=genus
|parent rank=subfamily
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Pottiaceae
|distribution=Nearly worldwide
|reference=zander1982b;zander1994k
|publication title=Bryol. Univ.
|publication year=
|special status=
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V27/V27_828.xml
|subfamily=Pottiaceae subfam. Barbuloideae
|genus=Hymenostylium
|abaxial cell quantity=1;3
|abaxial cell relief=smooth;papillose
|abaxial cell shape=elongate
|abaxial epidermis presence=absent
|abaxial epidermis variability=differentiated
|adaxial surface atypical some measurement=2.8mm;3mm
|adaxial surface shape=canaliculate;keeled
|adaxial surface some measurement=0.5mm;2.8mm
|apex architecture or shape=apiculate
|apex shape=rarely obtuse;rounded
|axillary hair position=basal
|axillary hair quantity=1;2
|band development=developed
|band presence=absent;absent
|basal-cell architecture=porose
|basal-cell architecture or arrangement=lax
|basal-cell quantity=1;2;4
|basal-cell shape=rectangular
|basal-cell texture=firm
|basal-cell variability=differentiated
|base architecture or shape=semi-sheathing
|base position=proximal
|base shape=rectangular;ovate
|base size=expanded
|base variability=differentiated
|calyptra architecture or pubescence or relief=smooth
|calyptra shape=cucullate
|capsule coloration=yellow;redbrown
|capsule shape=subcylindric;obovoid;subcylindric;obovoid;ovoid;globose
|capsule some measurement=0.5mm;1mm
|cell coloration=clear;hyaline;occasionally;brownish
|cell quantity=2;6
|cell-wall shape=flat;slightly convex
|cell-wall size=incrassate
|cell-wall width=thin
|central strand presence=absent
|costa size=smaller
|costal adaxial epidermis presence=absent
|decurrency fragility=fragile
|decurrency size=slender
|distal lamina orientation=reflexed
|distal laminal cell architecture=porose
|distal laminal cell atypical quantity=2;3
|distal laminal cell quantity=1;1;2
|distal laminal cell shape=subquadrate
|distal laminal cell size=larger
|distal laminal cell variability=heterogeneous
|distal laminal cell width=8um;12um
|distal margin orientation=recurved
|guide cell atypical quantity=4;6
|guide cell quantity=2;4
|hyalodermi presence=absent
|hydroid strand presence=absent
|innovation architecture=subfloral
|leaf architecture or shape=sheathing
|leaf arrangement or shape=contorted
|leaf length or size=longer
|leaf life cycle=young
|leaf orientation=spreading-recurved;appressed;appressed-incurved
|leaf shape=linear;oblong-lanceolate
|lumen coloration=clear;pellucid
|lumen development=specialized
|lumen quantity=0
|lumen reproduction=dioicous;sexual;asexual
|margin architecture=2-stratose
|margin architecture or pubescence or relief=smooth
|margin orientation=recurved
|margin shape=scalloped-denticulate;papillose-denticulate
|mucro architecture=percurrent;excurrent
|mucro fragility or size=stout;stout
|narrower cell shape=rectangular
|operculum architecture=systylius
|operculum shape=conic-rostrate
|operculum some measurement=0.2mm;1mm
|papilla architecture=simple
|papilla arrangement=scattered
|papilla position=centered
|papilla presence=absent
|papilla quantity=1;3
|papilla shape=sharp;2-fid
|patch size=small;extensive
|perichaetium position or structure subtype=terminal
|perigonium position or structure subtype=terminal
|peristome presence=absent
|plant condition=depauperate
|row quantity=4;5
|scleroderm presence=absent
|seta architecture=twisted
|seta coloration=redbrown;yellow
|seta some measurement=0.5cm;1cm
|side quantity=1
|spore coloration=yellow;laminal;brownish
|spore relief=papillose
|spore some measurement=17
|stem architecture=branched
|stem atypical some measurement=7cm;10cm
|stem relief=scabrous-papillose;smooth
|stem some measurement=0.5cm;7cm
|transverse-section shape=concave;semicircular;triangular;rounded-pentagonal;triangular;rounded-pentagonal;round
|tuft density=dense
|tuft pubescence or texture=soft
|whole_organism coloration=red tinge;yellow;dark green distally
|whole_organism growth form=cushion;plant
}}<!--

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