View source for Eriochloa ← Eriochloa You do not have permission to edit this page, for the following reason: The action you have requested is limited to users in the group: Users. You can view and copy the source of this page. {{Treatment/ID |accepted_name=Eriochloa |accepted_authority=Kunth |publications= |basionyms= |synonyms= |hierarchy=Poaceae;Poaceae subfam. Panicoideae;Poaceae tribe Paniceae;Eriochloa |hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Poaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Poaceae subfam. Panicoideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Poaceae tribe Paniceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Eriochloa]]</div></div> |volume=Volume 25 |mention_page= |treatment_page=page 507 }}<!-- --><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties=""><b>Plants </b>annual or perennial;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="whole_organism duration;whole_organism duration;whole_organism growth form;whole_organism growth form;rhizome height or length or size;spikelet location">cespitose, sometimes with short rhizomes or stolons, not producing subterranean spikelets.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="culm some measurement;culm orientation;culm orientation;node quantity"><b>Culms </b>20-250 cm, erect or decumbent, usually with 2-5 nodes.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="sheath architecture"><b>Sheaths </b>open;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="auricle presence">auricles absent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="ligule texture;ligule architecture or pubescence or shape">ligules membranous, ciliate.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="inflorescence position or structure subtype;branch shape;rachis shape"><b>Inflorescences </b>terminal, panicles of spikelike branches on elongate rachises;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="spikelet quantity;spikelet architecture;spikelet fixation or orientation;bristle fragility;bract prominence or shape;triplet architecture or arrangement or growth form;triplet architecture or arrangement or growth form">branches with many pedicellate, loosely appressed spikelets, terminating in a spikelet, without stiff bristles or flat bracts, spikelets in pairs, triplets, or solitary, often solitary distally when in pairs or triplets at the middle of the branches;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="disk development">pedicels terminating in a well-developed disk;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="">disarticulation below the glume (s).</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="floret quantity;lower floret reproduction;upper floret reproduction"><b>Spikelets </b>with 2 florets, lower florets usually sterile, upper florets bisexual.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="lower glume size;lower glume fusion;callus pubescence;structure shape"><b>Lower </b>glumes typically reduced (sometimes absent) and fused with the glabrous callus to form a cuplike structure;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="upper glume shape;upper glume pubescence;upper glume pubescence;upper glume architecture;upper glume architecture or shape">upper glumes lanceolate to ovate, glabrous or variously pubescent, 3-9-veined, unawned or awned;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="lower lemma shape">lower lemmas similar to the upper glumes in length, shape, venation, and pubescence, unawned;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="lower palea presence;lower palea development">lower paleas absent to fully developed;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="upper lemma shape;upper lemma texture;upper lemma relief;upper lemma reflectance;upper lemma pubescence;upper lemma shape;vein prominence;margin shape or vernation">upper lemmas lanceolate to ovate, indurate, rugose, dull, glabrous, rounded on the back, veins not pronounced, margins involute;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="anther quantity">anthers 3;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s17" data-properties="lodicule quantity;lodicule texture">lodicules 2, papery;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s18" data-properties="style coloration or density;style shape;branch quantity">styles with 2 branches, purple, plumose.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s19" data-properties="caryopsis architecture"><b>Caryopses </b>not longitudinally grooved;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s20" data-properties="endosperm architecture;x chromosome quantity">endosperm solid, x = 9.</span><!-- -->{{Treatment/Body |distribution=D.C;Wis.;Pacific Islands (Hawaii);Fla.;N.Mex.;Tex.;La.;Ala.;Ind.;Kans.;Nebr.;Tenn.;N.Y.;Pa.;Nev.;Va.;Colo.;Ont.;Calif.;Puerto Rico;Virgin Islands;Ark.;Ill.;Ga.;Iowa;Ariz.;Md.;Ohio;Utah;Mo.;Minn.;Miss.;S.C.;Okla.;Ky.;Oreg.;N.C. |discussion=<p>Eriochloa, a genus of 20-30 species, grows in tropical, subtropical, and warm-temperate areas of the world. Eight species of Eriochloa are native to the Flora region and three are introduced. Of the three introduced species only two, E. polystachya and E. pseudoacrotricha, have become naturalized.</p><!-- --><p>Only one native species, Eriochloa sericea, is abundant enough to be an important forage species. The introduced E. polystachya is also used for this purpose.</p> |tables= |references={{Treatment/Reference |id=shaw1981c |text=Shaw, R.B. and F.E. Smeins. 1981. Some anatomical and morphological characteristics of the North American species of Eriochloa (Poaceae: Paniceae). Bot. Gaz. 142:534-544 }}{{Treatment/Reference |id=shaw1987c |text=Shaw, R.B. and R.D. Webster. 1987. The genus Eriochloa (Poaceae: Paniceae) in North and Central America. Sida 12:165-207. }} }}<!-- --><div class="treatment-key"> ==Key== <div class="treatment-key-group"> {| class="wikitable fna-keytable" |-id=key-0-1 |1 |Spikelets solitary at the middle of the branches, sometimes in unequally pedicellate pairs near the base. |[[#key-0-2| > 2]] |-id=key-0-2 |2 |Pedicels with more than 12 long (1.5-3 mm) hairs near the apices, densely hirsute or villous below, the hairs mostly about 0.1 mm long, but with some longer hairs interspersed among the short hairs. |[[#key-0-3| > 3]] |-id=key-0-3 |3 |Blades 0.5-4 mm wide; spikelets 1.4-1.9 mm wide; plants perennial |[[Eriochloa sericea|Eriochloa sericea]] |-id=key-0-3 |3 |Blades 5-12 mm wide; spikelets 2-2.5 mm wide; plants annual |[[Eriochloa villosa|Eriochloa villosa]] |-id=key-0-2 |2 |Pedicels with fewer than 10 long (1.5-3 mm) hairs near the apices; variously hirsute below. |[[#key-0-3| > 3]] |-id=key-0-4 |4 |Lower floret of each spikelet with a palea |[[Eriochloa michauxii|Eriochloa michauxii]] |-id=key-0-4 |4 |Lower floret of each spikelet without a palea. |[[#key-0-5| > 5]] |-id=key-0-5 |5 |Rachises hairy, the longer hairs 0.1-0.8 mm long; spikelets 3.1-5 mm long, 1.2-1.7 mm wide |[[Eriochloa contracta|Eriochloa contracta]] |-id=key-0-5 |5 |Rachises glabrous or scabrous, not hairy; spikelets 2.7-3.6 mm long, 0.8-1.5 mm wide |[[Eriochloa fatmensis|Eriochloa fatmensis]] |-id=key-0-1 |1 |Spikelets in unequally pedicellate pairs or triplets at the middle of the branches, sometimes solitary distally. |[[#key-0-2| > 2]] |-id=key-0-6 |6 |Adaxial surfaces of the blades velvety to the touch; cauline internodes pubescent to pilose. |[[Eriochloa lemmonii|Eriochloa lemmonii]] |-id=key-0-6 |6 |Adaxial surfaces of the blades glabrous or hairy, but not velvety to the touch; cauline internodes glabrous or pubescent. |[[#key-0-7| > 7]] |-id=key-0-7 |7 |Upper lemmas unawned or the awns shorter than 0.2(0.3) mm. |[[#key-0-8| > 8]] |-id=key-0-8 |8 |Plants annual; upper glumes acute to acuminate, often terminating in awnlike apices up to 1.5 mm long; lower florets without paleas. |[[#key-0-9| > 9]] |-id=key-0-9 |9 |Longer pedicels of the spikelet pairs or triplets to 1 mm long; upper glumes acute to acuminate, unawned or awned, the awns up to 1.2 mm long |[[Eriochloa acuminata|Eriochloa acuminata]] |-id=key-0-9 |9 |Longer pedicels of the spikelet pairs to 3 mm long; upper glumes always acuminate, awned, the awns 0.5-3.5 mm long |[[Eriochloa aristata|Eriochloa aristata]] |-id=key-0-8 |8 |Plants perennial; upper glumes acute, unawned; lower floret of each spikelet usually with a palea. |[[#key-0-9| > 9]] |-id=key-0-10 |10 |Culms erect, not rooting at the lower nodes; spikelets 3.7-5.7 mm long, 1.3-1.8 mm wide; lower floret of each spikelet always with a palea. |[[Eriochloa michauxii|Eriochloa michauxii]] |-id=key-0-10 |10 |Culms decumbent, rooting at the lower nodes; spikelets 3.2-3.9 mm long, 1.1-1.3 mm wide; lower floret of each spikelet with or without a palea |[[Eriochloa polystachya|Eriochloa polystachya]] |-id=key-0-7 |7 |Upper lemmas awned, the awns 0.2-1.5 mm long. |[[#key-0-8| > 8]] |-id=key-0-11 |11 |Spikelets 2.7-3.6 mm long, 0.8-1.5 mm wide |[[Eriochloa fatmensis|Eriochloa fatmensis]] |-id=key-0-11 |11 |Spikelets 3.6-8.8 mm long, 0.9-1.6 mm wide. |[[#key-0-12| > 12]] |-id=key-0-12 |12 |Pedicels uniformly hirsute, the hairs about 0.1 mm long; plants rhizomatous |[[Eriochloa punctata|Eriochloa punctata]] |-id=key-0-12 |12 |Pedicels with some hairs 0.5-2.5 mm long, at least distally; plants not rhizomatous. |[[#key-0-13| > 13]] |-id=key-0-13 |13 |Plants perennial |[[Eriochloa pseudoacrotricha|Eriochloa pseudoacrotricha]] |-id=key-0-13 |13 |Plants annual. |[[#key-0-14| > 14]] |-id=key-0-14 |14 |Longer pedicels of the spikelet pairs or triplets to 1 mm long; upper glumes acute to acuminate, unawned or awned, the awns up to 1.2 mm long |[[Eriochloa acuminata|Eriochloa acuminata]] |-id=key-0-14 |14 |Longer pedicels of the spikelet pairs to 3 mm long; upper glumes always acuminate, awned, the awns 0.5-3.5 mm long |[[Eriochloa aristata|Eriochloa aristata]] |} </div></div><!-- -->{{#Taxon: name=Eriochloa |author=Robert B. Shaw;Robert D. Webster;Christine M. Bern; |authority=Kunth |rank=genus |parent rank=tribe |synonyms= |basionyms= |family=Poaceae |distribution=D.C;Wis.;Pacific Islands (Hawaii);Fla.;N.Mex.;Tex.;La.;Ala.;Ind.;Kans.;Nebr.;Tenn.;N.Y.;Pa.;Nev.;Va.;Colo.;Ont.;Calif.;Puerto Rico;Virgin Islands;Ark.;Ill.;Ga.;Iowa;Ariz.;Md.;Ohio;Utah;Mo.;Minn.;Miss.;S.C.;Okla.;Ky.;Oreg.;N.C. |reference=shaw1981c;shaw1987c |publication title= |publication year= |special status= |source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V25/V25_1334.xml |subfamily=Poaceae subfam. Panicoideae |tribe=Poaceae tribe Paniceae |genus=Eriochloa |anther quantity=3 |auricle presence=absent |bract prominence or shape=flat |branch quantity=2 |branch shape=spikelike |bristle fragility=stiff |callus pubescence=glabrous |caryopsis architecture=grooved |culm orientation=decumbent;erect |culm some measurement=20cm;250cm |disk development=well-developed |endosperm architecture=solid |floret quantity=2 |inflorescence position or structure subtype=terminal |ligule architecture or pubescence or shape=ciliate |ligule texture=membranous |lodicule quantity=2 |lodicule texture=papery |lower floret reproduction=sterile |lower glume fusion=fused |lower glume size=reduced |lower lemma shape=pubescence |lower palea development=developed |lower palea presence=absent |margin shape or vernation=involute |node quantity=2;5 |rachis shape=elongate |rhizome height or length or size=short |sheath architecture=open |spikelet architecture=pedicellate |spikelet fixation or orientation=appressed |spikelet location=subterranean |spikelet quantity=many |structure shape=cuplike |style coloration or density=purple |style shape=plumose |triplet architecture or arrangement or growth form=solitary;solitary |upper floret reproduction=bisexual |upper glume architecture=3-9-veined |upper glume architecture or shape=awned |upper glume pubescence=pubescent;glabrous |upper glume shape=lanceolate;ovate |upper lemma pubescence=glabrous |upper lemma reflectance=dull |upper lemma relief=rugose |upper lemma shape=rounded;lanceolate;ovate |upper lemma texture=indurate |vein prominence=not pronounced |whole_organism duration=perennial;annual |whole_organism growth form=plant;cespitose |x chromosome quantity=9 }}<!-- -->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Poaceae tribe Paniceae]] Templates used on this page: Template:Poaceae (view source) Template:Treatment/AuthorLink (view source) Template:Treatment/Body (view source) Template:Treatment/Body/Maps (view source) Template:Treatment/ID (view source) Template:Treatment/Reference (view source) Return to Eriochloa.