View source for Cardamine

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Cardamine
|accepted_authority=Linnaeus
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Sp. Pl.
|place=2: 654. 1753
|year=1753
}}, {{Treatment/Publication
|title=Gen. Pl. ed.
|place=5, 295. 1754
|year=1754
}}
|common_names=Bittercress
|basionyms=
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Dentaria
|authority=Linnaeus
|rank=genus
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Dracamine
|authority=Nieuwland
|rank=genus
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Loxostemon
|authority=Hooker f. & Thomson
|rank=genus
}}
|hierarchy=Brassicaceae;Brassicaceae tribe Cardamineae;Cardamine
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Brassicaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Brassicaceae tribe Cardamineae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Cardamine]]</div></div>
|etymology=Greek kardamon, name for a cress
|volume=Volume 7
|mention_page=page 224, 228, 229, 231, 232, 233, 234, 244, 485, 489, 492
|treatment_page=page 464
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole-organism duration"><b>Annuals,</b> biennials, or perennials;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="">(perennials usually rhizomatous, sometimes tuberiform, stolons present in C. flagellifera, caudex present in C. bellidifolia);</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="">not scapose (subscapose in C. bellidifolia);</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="whole-organism architecture;whole-organism pubescence;whole-organism pubescence;whole-organism duration;whole-organism architecture;whole-organism pubescence;whole-organism pubescence;whole-organism duration">glabrous or pubescent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="stem orientation;stem orientation;stem growth form or orientation;stem growth form or orientation;stem growth form or orientation;stem growth form or orientation;stem architecture;stem architecture"><b>Stems </b>erect, ascending, decumbent, or prostrate, unbranched or branched.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties=""><b>Leaves:</b> cauline, rhizomal, or basal;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="rhizomal and basal leaf arrangement;rhizomal and basal leaf arrangement;rhizomal and basal leaf architecture;blade margin shape;blade margin shape;blade margin shape;blade margin shape;blade margin shape;blade margin shape;blade margin shape;blade margin shape;blade margin shape;blade margin shape;blade margin architecture;blade margin architecture">rhizomal and basal rosulate or not, petiolate, blade margins entire, toothed, or 1–3-pinnatisect, or palmately lobed, sometimes trifoliolate, pinnately, palmately, or bipinnately compound (leaflets petiolulate, subsessile, or sessile);</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="cauline leaf architecture;cauline leaf architecture;margin architecture or shape;margin shape;margin shape;margin shape;margin shape">cauline (usually alternate, rarely opposite or whorled) petiolate or sessile, blade (base cuneate, attenuate, or auriculate to sagittate), margins entire, dentate, or variously lobed, (leaflets petiolulate or sessile).</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties=""><b>Racemes </b>(corymbose or paniculate, bracteate in C. pattersonii), elongated in fruit.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="raceme length;raceme orientation;raceme orientation;raceme arrangement;raceme orientation;raceme size;raceme size"><b>Fruiting </b>pedicels erect, ascending, divaricate, or reflexed, slender or stout.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="flower orientation;flower orientation;flower orientation;flower shape;flower shape;flower position;flower architecture or shape;flower architecture or shape"><b>Flowers:</b> sepals (caducous), usually erect, rarely spreading or ascending, ovate or oblong, lateral pair saccate or not basally, (usually glabrous, rarely pubescent);</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="flower coloration;flower coloration;flower coloration;flower coloration;flower coloration;flower coloration;flower shape;flower shape;flower shape;flower shape;flower shape;claw presence;claw variability">petals (rarely absent), white, pink, purple, or lilac, obovate, spatulate, or oblanceolate, claw absent or strongly differentiated from blade, (apex obtuse, rounded, emarginate, or subemarginate);</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="flower length">stamens (6, rarely 4), equal in length;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="filament shape">filaments not dilated basally;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="anther shape;anther shape;anther shape;anther shape;anther shape;anther pubescence">anthers ovate, oblong, or linear, (apex obtuse), glabrous [rarely pubescent];</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="nectar gland arrangement;lateral gland shape;lateral gland shape;median gland presence;median gland presence">nectar glands confluent, lateral glands annular or semiannular, subtending bases of stamens, median glands present (2, rarely 4) or absent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="fruits silique architecture;fruits silique shape;fruits silique shape;fruits silique shape;fruits silique architecture or pubescence or relief;fruits silique shape;fruits silique architecture"><b>Fruits </b>siliques, sessile, usually linear, rarely narrowly oblong or narrowly lanceolate, smooth or torulose, latiseptate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s17" data-properties="valve architecture;valve pubescence;valve pubescence;valve pubescence">valves (papery, elastically dehiscent, becoming spirally or circinately coiled) each not veined, glabrous or, rarely, pubescent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s18" data-properties="replum shape">replum strongly flattened;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s19" data-properties="septum architecture">septum complete, (membranous);</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s20" data-properties="ovule quantity">ovules 4–80 per ovary;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s21" data-properties="style fusion;style prominence">style usually distinct, rarely obsolete;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s22" data-properties="stigma architecture or shape">stigma capitate.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s23" data-properties="seed architecture or arrangement;seed shape;seed architecture;seed architecture;seed architecture;seed shape;seed shape;seed shape;seed shape;seed shape"><b>Seeds </b>uniseriate, flattened, usually not winged, rarely margined or winged, oblong, ovoid, or globose;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s24" data-properties="seed-coat coating;seed-coat coating">seed-coat (smooth, minutely reticulate, colliculate, or rugose) mucilaginous or not when wetted;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s25" data-properties="">cotyledons accumbent, rarely incumbent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s26" data-properties="cotyledon arrangement;cotyledon arrangement or orientation;x chromosome quantity;x chromosome quantity">x = 7, 8.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=Nearly worldwide
|discussion=<p>Species ca. 200 (39 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p>R. C. Rollins (1993) recognized 50 species and 18 varieties of Cardamine in North America minus Greenland. Of these, 14 species are restricted to Central America and one, C. ×incisa (Eames) K. Schumann, is not recognized here. The oversplitting of some species into poorly delimited varieties is avoided in this account, and four species (C. blaisdellii, C. holmgrenii, C. nymanii, C. umbellata) are added to the flora. Cardamine corymbosa Hooker f., a native of New Zealand, apparently is becoming naturalized in greenhouses and in some gardens in British Columbia, as evidenced from Lomer 4368 (MO), a specimen collected in Sechelt Peninsula on 6 June 2002.</p>
|tables=
|references={{Treatment/Reference
|id=detling1936a
|text=Detling, L. E. 1936. The genus Dentaria in the Pacific states. Amer. J. Bot. 23: 570–576.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=detling1937a
|text=Detling, L. E. 1937. The Pacific coast species of Cardamine. Amer. J. Bot. 24: 70–76.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=franzke1998a
|text=Franzke, A. et al. 1998. Molecular systematics of Cardamine and allied genera (Brassicaceae): ITS and non-coding chloroplast DNA. Folia Geobot. 33: 225–240.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=franzke2000a
|text=Franzke, A. and H. Hurka. 2000. Molecular systematics and biogeography of the Cardamine pratensis complex (Brassicaceae). Pl. Syst. Evol. 224: 213–234.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=harriman1965a
|text=Harriman, N. A. 1965. The Genus Dentaria L. (Cruciferae) in Eastern North America. Ph.D. dissertation. Vanderbilt University.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=hart1976a
|text=Hart, T. W. and W. H. Eshbaugh. 1976. The biosystematics of Cardamine bulbosa (Muhl.) B.S.P. and C. douglasii Britt. Rhodora 78: 329–419.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=lihova2006a
|text=Lihová, J. and K. Marhold. 2006. Phylogenetic and diversity patterns in Cardamine (Brassicaceae)—A genus with conspicuous polyploid and reticulate evolution. In: A. K. Sharma and A. Sharma, eds. 2003+. Plant Genome: Biodiversity and Evolution. 2+ vols. in parts. Enfield, N.H. Vol. 1, part C, pp. 149–186.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=lovkvist1956a
|text=Lövkvist, B. 1956. The Cardamine pratensis complex—Outlines of its cytogenetics and taxonomy. Symb. Bot. Upsal. 14(2): 1–131.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=marhold2006a
|text=Marhold, H. Kudoh, and M. Koch. 2006. Worldwide phylogeny and biogeography of Cardamine flexuosa (Brassicaceae) and its relatives. Amer. J. Bot. 93: 1206–1221.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=montgomery1955a
|text=Montgomery, F. H. 1955. Preliminary studies in the genus Dentaria in eastern North America. Rhodora 57: 161–173.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=schulz1903a
|text=Schulz, O. E. 1903. Monographie der Gattung Cardamine. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 32: 280–623.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=sweeney2000a
|text=Sweeney, P. W. and R. A. Price. 2000. Polyphyly of the genus Dentaria (Brassicaceae): Evidence from trnL intron and ndhF sequence data. Syst. Bot. 25: 468–478.
}}
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Racemes bracteate.
|[[Cardamine pattersonii|Cardamine pattersonii]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Racemes ebracteate
|[[#key-0-2| > 2]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Cauline leaves (at least some) simple (rarely absent)
|[[#key-0-3| > 3]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Cauline leaves pinnately or palmately compound, 3-25-foliolate, sometimes pinnatisect and appearing compound
|[[#key-0-14| > 14]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Petioles of cauline leaves auriculate basally.
|[[Cardamine clematitis|Cardamine clematitis]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Petioles of cauline leaves not auriculate basally (rarely these leaves absent)
|[[#key-0-4| > 4]]
|-id=key-0-4
|4
|Plants with distinct caudices; rhizomes absent; cauline leaves 0 or 1 (or 2).
|[[Cardamine bellidifolia|Cardamine bellidifolia]]
|-id=key-0-4
|4
|Plants without caudices; rhizomes present; cauline leaves 2-23 (sometimes 1 in C. purpurea)
|[[#key-0-5| > 5]]
|-id=key-0-5
|5
|Petals 0-0.7 mm; fruiting pedicels 0.5-2(-4) mm.
|[[Cardamine longii|Cardamine longii]]
|-id=key-0-5
|5
|Petals 3.5-28 mm; fruiting pedicels (5-)7-50 mm
|[[#key-0-6| > 6]]
|-id=key-0-6
|6
|Ovules 40-80 per ovary.
|[[Cardamine rotundifolia|Cardamine rotundifolia]]
|-id=key-0-6
|6
|Ovules 10-24 per ovary
|[[#key-0-7| > 7]]
|-id=key-0-7
|7
|Fruits 0.8-1.6 cm × 0.8-1 mm; anthers ovate, ca. 0.2 mm; petals 3.5-5 × 1.2-1.8 mm.
|[[Cardamine micranthera|Cardamine micranthera]]
|-id=key-0-7
|7
|Fruits (1.5-)2-6 cm × 1.2-4 mm; anthers oblong to linear, 0.6-3 mm; petals (5-)7-28 × 3-7 mm
|[[#key-0-8| > 8]]
|-id=key-0-8
|8
|Rhizomes (not fleshy), 1-3 mm diam.; rhizomal leaves usually absent
|[[#key-0-9| > 9]]
|-id=key-0-8
|8
|Rhizomes (fleshy), (3-)4-18 mm diam.; rhizomal leaves present
|[[#key-0-11| > 11]]
|-id=key-0-9
|9
|Petals 15-28 mm; sepals 6-8 mm.
|[[Cardamine constancei|Cardamine constancei]]
|-id=key-0-9
|9
|Petals 5-12 mm; sepals 2-4.5 mm
|[[#key-0-10| > 10]]
|-id=key-0-10
|10
|Cauline leaves (3-)5-17(-23); petals white, 7-12 mm; fruits (2-)2.5-3.7(-4) cm; stems 2-7(-10.2) dm.
|[[Cardamine cordifolia|Cardamine cordifolia]]
|-id=key-0-10
|10
|Cauline leaves 1-3; petals usually purple to pink, rarely white, 5-7(-9) mm; fruits 1.5-2.5 cm; stems to 1.5 dm.
|[[Cardamine purpurea|Cardamine purpurea]]
|-id=key-0-11
|11
|Petals 3-5 mm wide; fruits 1.4-2 mm wide; e, c North America
|[[#key-0-12| > 12]]
|-id=key-0-11
|11
|Petals 4-8 mm wide; fruits 2-4 mm; California
|[[#key-0-13| > 13]]
|-id=key-0-12
|12
|Petals usually white, rarely pale pink; stem distally glabrous or trichomes 0.02-0.1 mm.
|[[Cardamine bulbosa|Cardamine bulbosa]]
|-id=key-0-12
|12
|Petals usually purple or pink, rarely white; stem distally with trichomes (0.2-)0.3-0.6(-0.8) mm.
|[[Cardamine douglassii|Cardamine douglassii]]
|-id=key-0-13
|13
|Petals white or pale rose, rarely purple, 8-13(-17) mm; ovules 12-22 per ovary; stems (2-)2.7-6(-7) dm; rhizomal leaves usually 3(-7)-foliolate, rarely simple.
|[[Cardamine californica|Cardamine californica]]
|-id=key-0-13
|13
|Petals usually purple or pink, rarely white, 14-18 mm; ovules 10-14 per ovary; stems 1-3 dm; rhizomal leaves simple.
|[[Cardamine pachystigma|Cardamine pachystigma]]
|-id=key-0-14
|14
|Petiole of cauline leaves basally auriculate
|[[#key-0-15| > 15]]
|-id=key-0-14
|14
|Petiole of cauline leaves not basally auriculate
|[[#key-0-16| > 16]]
|-id=key-0-15
|15
|Cauline leaves 3-foliolate; perennials (rhizomatous).
|[[Cardamine clematitis|Cardamine clematitis]]
|-id=key-0-15
|15
|Cauline leaves (9-)13-25-foliolate; annuals or biennials.
|[[Cardamine impatiens|Cardamine impatiens]]
|-id=key-0-16
|16
|Annuals or biennials, not rhizomatous
|[[#key-0-17| > 17]]
|-id=key-0-16
|16
|Perennials, rhizomatous
|[[#key-0-22| > 22]]
|-id=key-0-17
|17
|Rachises strongly flexuous to geniculate; petals 6-8 mm; fruits (2.5-)3-4.6 × 1.7-2.1 mm.
|[[Cardamine macrocarpa|Cardamine macrocarpa]]
|-id=key-0-17
|17
|Rachises not flexuous (slightly so in C. flexuosa); petals 1.5-4(-5) mm; fruits (0.5-) 1-2.5(-3.2) × 0.6-1.5 mm
|[[#key-0-18| > 18]]
|-id=key-0-18
|18
|Basal leaves rosulate, persistent to anthesis
|[[#key-0-19| > 19]]
|-id=key-0-18
|18
|Basal leaves not rosulate, often withered by anthesis
|[[#key-0-20| > 20]]
|-id=key-0-19
|19
|Stamens usually 4, rarely 5 or 6; fruiting pedicels erect to ascending; fruitsoften appressed to rachis, valves glabrous; seeds narrowly margined.
|[[Cardamine hirsuta|Cardamine hirsuta]]
|-id=key-0-19
|19
|Stamens 6; fruiting pedicels divaricate-ascending; fruits often not appressed to rachis, valves sparsely pubescent or glabrous; seeds often not margined (wingless).
|[[Cardamine oligosperma|Cardamine oligosperma]]
|-id=key-0-20
|20
|Lateral leaflets of cauline leaves narrowly oblong, linear or filiform, 1-3 mm wide; fruits 0.6-0.9 mm wide.
|[[Cardamine parviflora|Cardamine parviflora]]
|-id=key-0-20
|20
|Lateral leaflets of cauline leaves orbicular, ovate, elliptic, or oblong, 4-25 mm wide; fruits 0.8-1.5 mm wide
|[[#key-0-21| > 21]]
|-id=key-0-21
|21
|Rachises slightly flexuous; ovules 18-40 per ovary; plants of waste grounds, disturbed sites.
|[[Cardamine flexuosa|Cardamine flexuosa]]
|-id=key-0-21
|21
|Rachises straight; ovules 40-80 per ovary; plants of margins of wet habitats.
|[[Cardamine pensylvanica|Cardamine pensylvanica]]
|-id=key-0-22
|22
|Rhizomes tuberiform, usually segmented, fragile (segments fusiform, ovoid, oblong, or globose)
|[[#key-0-23| > 23]]
|-id=key-0-22
|22
|Rhizomes cylindrical, segments not fragile
|[[#key-0-29| > 29]]
|-id=key-0-23
|23
|Cauline leaves biternate, distal lobes linear.
|[[Cardamine dissecta|Cardamine dissecta]]
|-id=key-0-23
|23
|Cauline leaves 3-11-foliolate, distal lobes not linear
|[[#key-0-24| > 24]]
|-id=key-0-24
|24
|Cauline leaves 5-11-foliolate.
|[[Cardamine penduliflora|Cardamine penduliflora]]
|-id=key-0-24
|24
|Cauline leaves usually 3-, sometimes 5-7-foliolate, rarely simple
|[[#key-0-25| > 25]]
|-id=key-0-25
|25
|Rhizomes moniliform; e, c United States
|[[#key-0-26| > 26]]
|-id=key-0-25
|25
|Rhizomes not moniliform; Pacific North America
|[[#key-0-27| > 27]]
|-id=key-0-26
|26
|Cauline leaves different from rhizomal leaves, usually alternate, rarely opposite.
|[[Cardamine angustata|Cardamine angustata]]
|-id=key-0-26
|26
|Cauline leaves similar to rhizomal leaves, usually whorled or opposite, rarely alternate.
|[[Cardamine concatenata|Cardamine concatenata]]
|-id=key-0-27
|27
|Middle cauline leaves 5- or 7-foliolate; sepals 1.7-2 mm; petals 4-6 mm.
|[[Cardamine occidentalis|Cardamine occidentalis]]
|-id=key-0-27
|27
|Middle cauline leaves 3(-5)-foliolate; sepals 3.5-5.5 mm; petals 8-15 mm
|[[#key-0-28| > 28]]
|-id=key-0-28
|28
|Cauline leaves 2-5; stems (2-)2.7-6(-7) dm; ovules 12-22 per ovary; petals white or pale rose; California.
|[[Cardamine californica|Cardamine californica]]
|-id=key-0-28
|28
|Cauline leaves 1-3; stems 0.5-2(-3) dm; ovules 8-16 per ovary; petals usually purple to pale pink, rarely white; British Columbia, California, Oregon, Washington.
|[[Cardamine nuttallii|Cardamine nuttallii]]
|-id=key-0-29
|29
|Cauline leaves pinnatisect or (7-)9-21-foliolate
|[[#key-0-30| > 30]]
|-id=key-0-29
|29
|Cauline leaves 3-5(-7)-foliolate
|[[#key-0-31| > 31]]
|-id=key-0-30
|30
|Leaves thick, veins impressed.
|[[Cardamine nymanii|Cardamine nymanii]]
|-id=key-0-30
|30
|Leaves thin, veins raised.
|[[Cardamine pratensis|Cardamine pratensis]]
|-id=key-0-31
|31
|Rhizomes compact at stem base, stolons present.
|[[Cardamine flagellifera|Cardamine flagellifera]]
|-id=key-0-31
|31
|Rhizomes slender, stolons absent
|[[#key-0-32| > 32]]
|-id=key-0-32
|32
|Rhizomes fleshy, with dentate leaf scars; plants of North America east of the 110th meridian
|[[#key-0-33| > 33]]
|-id=key-0-32
|32
|Rhizomes not fleshy, without dentate leaf scars; plants of North America west of the 110th meridian
|[[#key-0-34| > 34]]
|-id=key-0-33
|33
|Rhizomes somewhat uniform in diameter; cauline leaves (sub) opposite.
|[[Cardamine diphylla|Cardamine diphylla]]
|-id=key-0-33
|33
|Rhizomes not uniform in diameter (distinctly constricted at intervals); cauline leaves usually alternate, rarely subopposite.
|[[Cardamine maxima|Cardamine maxima]]
|-id=key-0-34
|34
|Plants cespitose, hirsute; petals purple or pink, rarely white.
|[[Cardamine purpurea|Cardamine purpurea]]
|-id=key-0-34
|34
|Plants not cespitose, glabrous or sparsely pubescent or pilose; petals usually white, rarely pink
|[[#key-0-35| > 35]]
|-id=key-0-35
|35
|Basal leaves rosulate; fruiting racemes subumbellate.
|[[Cardamine umbellata|Cardamine umbellata]]
|-id=key-0-35
|35
|Basal leaves absent; fruiting racemes not subumbellate
|[[#key-0-36| > 36]]
|-id=key-0-36
|36
|Sepals 1.2-1.5 mm; petals 2-2.5 × 0.8-1 mm; anthers 0.2-0.3 mm.
|[[Cardamine holmgrenii|Cardamine holmgrenii]]
|-id=key-0-36
|36
|Sepals 2-5 mm; petals 3.5-15 × 1.5-8 mm; anthers 0.7-1.5 mm
|[[#key-0-37| > 37]]
|-id=key-0-37
|37
|Rhizomal leaves absent; ovules 14-28 per ovary.
|[[Cardamine breweri|Cardamine breweri]]
|-id=key-0-37
|37
|Rhizomal leaves present; ovules 6-16(-24) per ovary
|[[#key-0-38| > 38]]
|-id=key-0-38
|38
|Stems hirsute at base; cauline leaves (3 or) 4-8.
|[[Cardamine angulata|Cardamine angulata]]
|-id=key-0-38
|38
|Stems usually glabrous at base, rarely sparsely pilose; cauline leaves 1-3 (or 4)
|[[#key-0-39| > 39]]
|-id=key-0-39
|39
|Rhizomal leaves palmately or subpalmately compound, fleshy; Montana.
|[[Cardamine rupicola|Cardamine rupicola]]
|-id=key-0-39
|39
|Rhizomal leaves pinnately compound, not fleshy; Alaska, Northwest Territories, Yukon
|[[#key-0-40| > 40]]
|-id=key-0-40
|40
|Rhizomal leaves with terminal leaflet blade broadly obovateto suborbicular, margins often 3-5-toothed.
|[[Cardamine blaisdellii|Cardamine blaisdellii]]
|-id=key-0-40
|40
|Rhizomal leaves with terminal leaflet blade linear, narrowly oblong, narrowly oblanceolate, ovate, or elliptic, margins entire
|[[#key-0-41| > 41]]
|-id=key-0-41
|41
|Cauline leaves with terminal leaflet narrowly lanceolate to linear, 1-3.2(-4) cm.
|[[Cardamine digitata|Cardamine digitata]]
|-id=key-0-41
|41
|Cauline leaves with terminal leaflet ovate to elliptic, 0.6-1.3 cm.
|[[Cardamine microphylla|Cardamine microphylla]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Cardamine
|author=Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz;Karol Marhold;Judita Lihová
|authority=Linnaeus
|rank=genus
|parent rank=tribe
|synonyms=Dentaria;Dracamine;Loxostemon
|basionyms=
|family=Brassicaceae
|distribution=Nearly worldwide
|reference=detling1936a;detling1937a;franzke1998a;franzke2000a;harriman1965a;hart1976a;lihova2006a;lovkvist1956a;marhold2006a;montgomery1955a;schulz1903a;sweeney2000a
|publication title=Sp. Pl.;Gen. Pl. ed.
|publication year=1753;1754
|special status=
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V7/V7_709.xml
|tribe=Brassicaceae tribe Cardamineae
|genus=Cardamine
|anther pubescence=glabrous
|anther shape=linear;oblong;linear;oblong;ovate
|blade margin architecture=compound;trifoliolate
|blade margin shape=lobed;1-3-pinnatisect;toothed;lobed;1-3-pinnatisect;toothed;lobed;1-3-pinnatisect;toothed;entire
|cauline leaf architecture=sessile;petiolate
|claw presence=absent
|claw variability=differentiated
|cotyledon arrangement=accumbent
|cotyledon arrangement or orientation=incumbent
|filament shape=dilated
|flower architecture or shape=not basally;saccate
|flower coloration=lilac;purple;lilac;purple;pink;white
|flower length=equal
|flower orientation=ascending;spreading;erect
|flower position=lateral
|flower shape=oblanceolate;spatulate;oblanceolate;spatulate;obovate;oblong;ovate
|fruits silique architecture=latiseptate;sessile
|fruits silique architecture or pubescence or relief=smooth
|fruits silique shape=torulose;lanceolate;oblong;linear
|lateral gland shape=semiannular;annular
|margin architecture or shape=entire
|margin shape=lobed;dentate;lobed;dentate
|median gland presence=absent;absent
|nectar gland arrangement=confluent
|ovule quantity=4;80
|raceme arrangement=divaricate
|raceme length=elongated
|raceme orientation=reflexed;ascending;erect
|raceme size=stout;slender
|replum shape=flattened
|rhizomal and basal leaf architecture=petiolate
|rhizomal and basal leaf arrangement=not;rosulate
|seed architecture=winged;margined;winged
|seed architecture or arrangement=uniseriate
|seed shape=globose;ovoid;globose;ovoid;oblong;flattened
|seed-coat coating=not;mucilaginous
|septum architecture=complete
|stem architecture=branched;unbranched
|stem growth form or orientation=prostrate;decumbent;prostrate;decumbent
|stem orientation=ascending;erect
|stigma architecture or shape=capitate
|style fusion=distinct
|style prominence=obsolete
|valve architecture=not veined
|valve pubescence=pubescent;,;glabrous
|whole-organism architecture=not scapose;not scapose
|whole-organism duration=perennial;biennial;annual
|whole-organism pubescence=pubescent;glabrous;pubescent;glabrous
|x chromosome quantity=8;7
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Brassicaceae tribe Cardamineae]]