Zigadenus venenosus var. gramineus

(Rydberg) O. S. Walsh ex C. L. Hitchcock in C. L. Hitchcock et al.

in C. L. Hitchcock et al., Vasc. Pl. Pacif. N.W. 1: 815. 1969.

Common names: Grassy death camas
Endemic
Basionym: Zigadenus gramineus Rydberg Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 27: 535. 1900 (as Zygadenus)
Synonyms: Toxicoscordion acutum (Rydberg) Rydberg Toxicoscordion falcatum (Rydberg) Rydberg Toxicoscordion gramineum (Rydberg) Rydberg Toxicoscordion intermedium (Rydberg) Rydberg Zigadenus acutus Rydberg Zigadenus falcatus Rydberg Zigadenus intermedius Rydberg
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 26. Treatment on page 84.

Inflorescences mostly paniculate with 1–2 basal branches, occasionally racemose, 2–15 × 2–5 cm. Flowers: outer tepals not clawed, or clawed less than 5 mm. Capsules 9–20 × 4–7 mm.


Phenology: Flowering Apr–Jul.
Habitat: Inland grasslands, open pine woods
Elevation: 500–1300 m

Distribution

V26 78-distribution-map.jpg

Alta., B.C., Sask., Colo., Idaho, Mont., Nebr., N.Dak., Oreg., S.Dak., Wash., Wyo.

Discussion

Variety gramineus is most easily distinguished from var. venenosus by its paniculate inflorescence, although some individuals in each population are racemose. It occurs well inland, east of the Cascade and Rocky mountains and at high elevations within those ranges.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"broad" is not a number."/10lengthofentireinflorescence" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property."thicker" is not a number.

introrse +, extrorse +  and transverse +
reniform +
Fayla C. Schwartz +
(Rydberg) O. S. Walsh ex C. L. Hitchcock in C. L. Hitchcock et al. +
1 (?) +  and 2 (?) +
whorled +, opposite +  and alternate +
dilated +
Zigadenus gramineus +
reticulate-veined +  and parallel-veined +
white +  and green +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br />) +
membranous +
not clumped +
10mm +  and 30mm +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
Grassy death camas +
Alta. +, B.C. +, Sask. +, Colo. +, Idaho +, Mont. +, Nebr. +, N.Dak. +, Oreg. +, S.Dak. +, Wash. +  and Wyo. +
500–1300 m +
connate-coroniform +  and dilated +
staminate +  and pedicellate +
protandrous +  and bisexual +
loculicidal +  and septicidal +
membranaceous +  and leathery +
obovate +
Inland grasslands, open pine woods +
racemose +  and paniculate +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (?) +  and 15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br /> (?) +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br />) +
persistent +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
many;several +
perpendicular +  and ascending +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br />) +
cream colored +  and greenish or red tinged +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
campanulate +
Flowering Apr–Jul. +
tapering +
12 cm120 mm <br />0.12 m <br /> (50 cm500 mm <br />0.5 m <br />) +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
in C. L. Hitchcock et al., Vasc. Pl. Pacif. N.W. +
contractile +
ellipsoid +
wind-distributed +
2 +  and 20 +
flattened +  and elongate +
W2 +, W1 +  and Endemic +
adnate +  and free +
staminodial +
rudimentary +
barely larger +
Toxicoscordion acutum +, Toxicoscordion falcatum +, Toxicoscordion gramineum +, Toxicoscordion intermedium +, Zigadenus acutus +, Zigadenus falcatus +  and Zigadenus intermedius +
Zigadenus venenosus var. gramineus +
Zigadenus venenosus +
variety +
cream colored +
persistent +
1mm;3mm +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br />) +
sepaloid +  and petaloid +
narrower +
rhizomatous +, bulbous +  and subscapose +
3 +  and 2 +
26 +, 11 +  and 8 +