appears in FNA Volume 25. Treatment on page 450. Plants annual or perennial; their habit variable. Culms 2-300 cm, herbaceous, sometimes hard and almost woody
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page 413. Mentioned on page 12, 16, 402, 417, 421. Perennials, 5–50 (–90) cm, sericeous, tomentose, or glabrous, sometimes sessile or stipitate-glandular
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FNA Volume 26. Treatment on page 442. Mentioned on page 413, 414, 443, 444, 450, 463. Plants short-stemmed pachycauls, perennial, often flowering after 8–20+
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(2–) 20–250 (–450), styles entire or geniculate-jointed, distal portions then deciduous; ovule 1. Fruits aggregated achenes, (2–) 20–250 (–450), ovoid to
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Treatment on page 257. Mentioned on page 226, 234, 242, 258, 264, 348, 349, 449, 450, 492, 561, 720. Annuals, biennials, or perennials; (sometimes stoloniferous
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longitudinally into two segments Treatment appears in FNA Volume 27. Treatment on page 450. Mentioned on page 443, 444, 457, 463, 467. Plants in loose to dense tufts
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1.3–2.4 cm; anthers pale-yellow, 5–12 mm; ovary 1.2–2.9 cm, neck constricted, 3.5–8.5 (–10) mm. Capsules pedicellate, oblong to ovoid, 1–2.5 cm, apex beaked
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Treatment on page 259. Mentioned on page 216, 258. Annuals or biennials, 15–450+ cm; taprooted. Stems usually 1, usually erect, branched distally or throughout
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Mentioned on page 219, 274. Annuals, biennials, or perennials [shrubs], 3–350+ cm; taprooted, rhizomatous, or stoloniferous. Stems erect, branched distally
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Treatment on page 456. Mentioned on page 8, 24, 385, 386, 388, 450, 454, 457, 4. Annuals, 1–15 (–20) cm. Stems 1, erect, or 2–10, ascending to ± prostrate. Leaves
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FNA Volume 19. Treatment on page 450. Mentioned on page 26, 27, 386, 388, 444, 453, 454, 455. Annuals, 1–10 (–20) cm. Stems 1, ± erect, or 2–10+, ascending
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FNA Volume 9. Treatment on page 448. Mentioned on page 20, 427, 433, 449, 450, 454, 461, 468, 469. Shrubs, subshrubs, or trees, 0–150 [–180] dm. Stems 1–25
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40 cm., pliant, gradually tapering toward tip. Velum covering less that 3/4 of sporangium. Sporangium wall ± brown-streaked. Megaspores white, 450–650
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bright green, pale toward base, spirally arranged, often twisted, to 35 (–50) cm, pliant, gradually tapering to tip. Velum covering less than 1/2 of sporangium
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olive green to reddish-brown, pale toward base, spirally arranged, to 20 cm, pliant to rigid, gradually tapering to tip. Velum covering less than 1/2
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(–12) × 1–3 cm, margins serrulate-denticulate, apex acute, surfaces glandular-pubescent abaxially, glandular adaxially. Racemes 5–30 cm (10–80 cm in fruit);
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(–27) × 0.5–1.2 cm; margins denticulate below mid leaf. Flowers 1.6–2.1 cm; limb lobes 6.5–7 mm; filaments 1.1–1.3 cm; ovary 0.8–1.2 cm. 2n = 60. Phenology:
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corky. Leaves several to many, erect to spreading, straight to recurved, 1–100 cm; ligule deltate to cordiform, 1–6 mm, membranous. Sporangia ovoid to ellipsoid
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glabrous or pubescent apically. Basal leaves: petiole 0.5–6 cm; blade oblanceolate or ovate, 0.5–8.5 cm × 2–18 mm, margins entire, dentate, or lyrate-pinnatifid
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on page 450. Culms 5-60 cm, solitary or loosely tufted, glabrous or pubescent. Sheaths glabrous or pubescent; ligules 0.3-1 mm; blades to 10 cm long, 0
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