Rudbeckia maxima

Nuttall

Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., n. s. 7: 354. 1840.

Common names: Great or cabbage coneflower
IllustratedEndemic
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 50. Mentioned on page 47.

Perennials, to 250 cm (rhizomatous, roots fibrous). Leaves bluish green (heavily glaucous, dried blades white under UV light, at least abaxially), blades elliptic, ovate to obovate or pandurate (not lobed), leathery, margins crenate, dentate, or entire, apices acute to rounded, faces glabrous; basal petiolate, elliptic to ovate, 15–65 × 4–15 cm, bases attenuate to cuneate; cauline petiolate or sessile, 7–50 × 4–14 cm, blades ovate to pandurate, bases cuneate to auriculate (and clasping). Heads borne singly or (3–15) in ± corymbiform arrays. Phyllaries to 1.5 cm (ovate to lanceolate, margins ciliate). Receptacles ovoid to conic; paleae 6–8 mm, apices mostly rounded, abaxial tips glabrous (hairy subapically). Ray-florets 10–20; laminae elliptic to oblanceolate, 30–80 × 8–15 mm, abaxially sparsely hairy. Discs 40–80 × 15–35 mm. Disc-florets 300–600+; corollas maroon (at least distally), 4–6 mm; style-branches ca. 2.2 mm, apices acute. Cypselae 6.5–7 mm; pappi of 4–6 scales to 1.5 mm. 2n = 36.


Phenology: Flowering spring–summer.
Habitat: Mesic pastures, roadsides
Elevation: 10–70 m

Distribution

V21-101-distribution-map.gif

Ark., La., Okla., S.C., Tex.

Discussion

Rudbeckia maxima was introduced in South Carolina and possibly elsewhere through horticultural and agricultural activities. It is a cultivated ornamental and is sometimes a problematic pasture weed.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.
... more about "Rudbeckia maxima"
not tailed +, rounded +  and obtuse +
connate +  and distinct +
acute;rounded;acute;rounded +
subequal +
scarious +
usually ovate +  and lanceolate +
usually deltate +  and lanceolate +
indeterminate +  and determinate +
Lowell E. Urbatsch +  and Patricia B. Cox +
Nuttall +
15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br /> (65 cm650 mm <br />0.65 m <br />) +
elliptic;ovate +
4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br /> (15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br />) +
cuneate +  and auriculate +
compound +  and simple +
ovate;pandurate +
winged;ribbed;winged;ribbed +
tuberculate +  and rugose +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.22 cm2.2 mm <br />0.0022 m <br />) +
barbellulate +  and barbellate +
sessile +  and petiolate +
sessile +  and petiolate +
7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br /> (50 cm500 mm <br />0.5 m <br />) +
4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br /> (?) +  and 14 cm140 mm <br />0.14 m <br /> (?) +
Great or cabbage coneflower +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br />) +
hairy +  and glabrous +
flattened +, fusiform-terete +  and obpyramidal +
fertile +  and bisexual +
6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br /> (8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br />) +
fertile +  and bisexual +
4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br /> (8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br />) +
15mm;35mm +
Ark. +, La. +, Okla. +, S.C. +  and Tex. +
10–70 m +
pistillate +, staminate +  and neuter +
winged +  and beaked +
dispersed +
Mesic pastures, roadsides +
discoid +  and radiate +
indeterminate +
homogamous +  and heterogamous +
each +  and sessile +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br />) +
fusiform;turbinate or broadly campanulate +
30mm;80mm +
elliptic +  and oblanceolate +
8mm;15mm +
sessile +  and petiolate +
bluish green +
deltate +  and lance-linear +
entire +  and dentate +
2-carpellate +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
persistent +
0 +  and 2 +
of 2-6 , unequal scales +  and coroniform +
0.01 cm0.1 mm <br />1.0e-4 m <br /> (0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br />) +
Flowering spring–summer. +
3 +  and 21 +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., n. s. +
bearing subulate enations +, hairy +  and bristly +
pitted +  and smooth +
ovoid;conic +
connate +  and distinct +
4 +  and 6 +
unequal +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br />) +
exalbuminous +
Illustrated +  and Endemic +
purplish +, bluish green +  and green +
appendaged +  and truncate +
hirsutulous +  and glabrous +
papillate +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
Rudbeckia subg. Macrocline +
Rudbeckia maxima +
Rudbeckia sect. Macrocline +
species +
cylindric +
serrate +, dentate +  and entire +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (250 cm2,500 mm <br />2.5 m <br />) +
80 cm800 mm <br />0.8 m <br /> (200 cm2,000 mm <br />2 m <br />) +
shrub +  and subshrub +