Raillardella

(A. Gray) Bentham & Hooker f.

Gen. Pl. 2: 442. 1873.

Etymology: Raillardia, orthographic variant of generic name Railliardia, and Latin - ella, diminutive
Basionym: Railliardia sect. Raillardella A. Gray Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 6: 550. 1865 (as Raillardia)
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 256. Mentioned on page 254, 255, 257, 300, 303.
 TaxonIllustrator 
FNA21 P41 Raillardella argentea.jpegRaillardella argentea
Achyrachaena mollis
Blepharipappus scaber
Bee F. Gunn
Barbara Alongi
Marjorie C. Leggitt

Perennials, 1–50+ cm (with branching caudices or rhizomes). Stems ± erect (± scapiform). Leaves mostly basal (in rosettes); opposite; sessile; blades lanceolate or oblanceolate to linear, margins usually entire, sometimes, denticulate, faces glabrous or sericeous or sparsely hirtellous and/or stipitate-glandular. Heads radiate or discoid, borne singly (on scapiform peduncles) or rarely in open, ± corymbiform arrays. Peduncular bracts: (usually 0) pit-glands, tack-glands, and/or spines 0. Involucres hemispheric or campanulate to cylindric, 3–25+ mm diam. Phyllaries 0 (“involucres” then consisting of 1 series of paleae), or 1–13 in 1 series (lanceolate or oblanceolate to linear, herbaceous, each usually 1/2+ enveloping a subtended ray ovary, abaxially hirsute and ± stipitate-glandular). Receptacles flat or convex, glabrous or setulose, paleate (paleae ± persistent, usually in 1 series between rays and discs, peripheral and constituting “involucres” in discoid heads, connate or distinct, sometimes overlapping, herbaceous to scarious). Ray-florets 0 or 1–13, pistillate, fertile; corollas yellow to yellow-orange or orange to red-orange (not nerved with red to purple abaxially). Disc-florets 7–80+, bisexual, fertile; corollas concolorous with rays, tubes shorter than funnelform throats, lobes 5, deltate (anthers yellowish; styles glabrous proximal to branches). Ray cypselae ± terete, ± clavate, basal attachments central, apices not beaked, faces strigose; pappi 0, or of 8–30 ± subulate, ciliate to plumose scales. Disc cypselae ± terete, ± clavate, (basal attachments central, apices not beaked, faces strigose); pappi of 8–30 ± subulate, ciliate to plumose scales. x = 17 or 18.

Distribution

w United States

Discussion

Species 3 (3 in the flora).

Raillardella represents an early diverging lineage of tarweeds (Carlquist et al. 2003); putatively ancestral morphologic, ecologic, and chromosomal characteristics are shared with Arnica, the sister group of Madiinae (B. G. Baldwin and B. L. Wessa 2000). Two species that have been included in Raillardella are more closely related to other genera (e.g., Madia, B. G. Baldwin 1996) and are here treated as Anisocarpus scabridus and Carlquistia muirii.

Selected References

None.

Key

1 Leaves of basal rosettes glabrous; ray florets 6–13, corollas orange to red-orange; disc florets45–80+ Raillardella pringlei
1 Leaves of basal rosettes sericeous or stipitate-glandular; ray florets 0 or 1–7, corollas yellow to yellow-orange; disc florets 7–40+ > 2
2 Plants 1–15 cm; leaf blades sericeous (silvery), sometimes sparsely stipitate-glandular aswell; ray florets 0 Raillardella argentea
2 Plants 6–50+ cm; leaf blades stipitate-glandular, sometimes sparsely hirtellous as well; ray florets 0 or 1–7 Raillardella scaposa
... more about "Raillardella"
not tailed +, rounded +  and obtuse +
pale +  and dark +
connate +  and distinct +
subequal +
scarious +
usually ovate +  and lanceolate +
usually deltate +  and lanceolate +
umbelliform +, spiciform +, paniculiform +, glomerulate +  and corymbiform +
indeterminate +  and determinate +
Bruce G. Baldwin +  and John L. Strother +
(A. Gray) Bentham & Hooker f. +
decurrent +
Railliardia sect. Raillardella +
compound +  and simple +
linear to linear-elliptic +
oblanceolate;linear +
winged;ribbed;winged;ribbed +
tuberculate +  and rugose +
barbellulate +  and barbellate +
concolorous +, yellow +  and yellow-orange or orange +
hairy +  and glabrous +
fusiform +, clavate +, obpyramidal +, terete +, compressed +  and obcompressed +
fertile +  and bisexual +
clavate +  and terete +
fertile +  and bisexual +
w United States +
Raillardia, orthographic variant of generic name Railliardia, and Latin - ella, diminutive +
strigose +, stipitate-glandular +, hirtellous +, sericeous +  and glabrous +
pistillate +, staminate +  and neuter +
winged +  and beaked +
dispersed +
discoid +  and radiate +
rarely +  and singly +
indeterminate +
homogamous +  and heterogamous +
each +  and sessile +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br />) +
campanulate;cylindric +
deltate +
denticulate +
2-carpellate +
persistent +
ciliate +  and plumose +
1 +  and 13 +
clavate +  and terete +
setulose +  and glabrous +
convex;flat +
8 +  and 30 +
ciliate +  and plumose +
exalbuminous +
appendaged +  and truncate +
hirsutulous +  and glabrous +
papillate +
Compositae +
Raillardella +
Asteraceae (tribe Heliantheae) subtribe Madiinae +
cylindric +
toothed +  and entire +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (50 cm500 mm <br />0.5 m <br />) +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
shrub +  and subshrub +