Quercus montana

Willdenow

Sp. Pl. 4(1): 440. 1805.

Common names: Mountain chestnut oak rock chestnut oak
EndemicIllustrated
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3.

Trees, deciduous, to 30 m. Bark dark gray or brown, hard, with deep V-shaped furrows. Twigs light-brown, 2-3 (-4) mm diam., glabrous. Buds light-brown, ovoid, (3-) 4-6 mm, occasionally apex acute, glabrous. Leaves: petiole (3-) 10-30 mm. Leaf-blade obovate to narrowly elliptic or narrowly obovate, (100-) 120-200 (-220) × 60-100 (-120) mm, base subacute or rounded-acuminate, often unequal, margins regularly toothed, teeth rounded or rarely somewhat acute, secondary-veins ± parallel, straight or moderately curved, 10-14 (-16) on each side, apex broadly acuminate; surfaces abaxially light green, appearing glabrous but with scattered minute, asymmetric, appressed-stellate hairs and usually visible, larger, simple or fascicled erect hairs along veins, adaxially dark green, glossy, glabrous or with minute, scattered, simple hairs. Acorns 1-3, subsessile or on peduncle 8-20 (-25) mm; cup shallowly cupshaped to hemispheric or deeply goblet-shaped, rim thin, often flared and undulate, helmetlike, 9-15 mm deep × 18-25 mm wide, scales often in concentric or transverse rows, laterally connate, gray, broadly ovate, tips reddish, glabrous; nut light-brown, ovoid-ellipsoid, 15-30 × 10-20 (-25) mm, glabrous. Cotyledons distinct. 2n = 24.


Phenology: Flowering mid-late spring.
Habitat: Rocky upland forest, dry ridges, mixed deciduous forests on shallow soils
Elevation: 0-1400 m

Distribution

V3 924-distribution-map.gif

Ala., Conn., Del., Ga., Ill., Ind., Ky., Maine, Md., Mass., Mich., Miss., N.H., N.J., N.Y., N.C., Ohio, Pa., R.I., S.C., Tenn., Vt., Va., W.Va.

Discussion

The name Quercus prinus Linnaeus is often applied to this species, particularly in the forestry literature, and in many regional floras. In a number of works, however, Q. prinus has been applied to the species here treated as Q. michauxii. Following the recommendations of J. W. Hardin (1979), because of the persistent confusion in the application of the name Q. prinus and uncertainty regarding the identity of the Linnean type materials, the names Q. montana and Q. michauxii should be used for the two species that have been variously called Q. prinus. Quercus prinus under this interpretation is a name of uncertain position.

The four species of the chestnut oak group in eastern North America (Quercus montana, Q. michauxii, Q. muhlenbergii, and Q. prinoides) are somewhat difficult to distinguish unless careful attention is paid to features of leaf vestiture and fruit and cup morphology. Attempts to identify these species mostly or solely on basis of leaf shape and dentition (as in many other oak species complexes) have resulted in a plethora of misidentified material in herbaria and erroneous reports in the literature. The closely appressed, asymmetric trichomes on the abaxial surface of the mature leaf, in combination with longer simple hairs along the midvein, are unique to Q. montana among North American species of Quercus. Immature leaves and densely shaded leaves sometimes exhibit a more erect trichome that could be confused with the longer, felty hairs of Q. michauxii, so it is important to evaluate mature sun leaves when possible.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.
... more about "Quercus montana"
on peduncle +  and subsessile +
acuminate +  and acute +
Kevin C. Nixon +
Willdenow +
brown;dark gray +
rounded-acuminate;subacute +
unequal +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
light-brown +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
2-6-lobed +
pistillate +, capitate +  and spicate +
Mountain chestnut oak +  and rock chestnut oak +
starchy +  and fleshy +
shallowly cupshaped +  and hemispheric or deeply goblet-shaped +
multibracteate +, spiny +  and scaly +
Ala. +, Conn. +, Del. +, Ga. +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Ky. +, Maine +, Md. +, Mass. +, Mich. +, Miss. +, N.H. +, N.J. +, N.Y. +, N.C. +, Ohio +, Pa. +, R.I. +, S.C. +, Tenn. +, Vt. +, Va. +  and W.Va. +
0-1400 m +
pistillate +  and staminate +
biennial +, annual +  and maturation +
1-seeded +  and winged +
in groups +  and enclosed +
v--shaped +
Rocky upland forest, dry ridges, mixed deciduous forests on shallow soils +
appressed-stellate +
dark green +
with minute , scattered , simple hairs +  and glabrous +
minute +
pistillate +, spicate +  and staminate +
tomentulose +  and glabrate +
20 cm200 mm <br />0.2 m <br /> (22 cm220 mm <br />0.22 m <br />) +
10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br /> (12 cm120 mm <br />0.12 m <br />) +
12 cm120 mm <br />0.12 m <br /> (20 cm200 mm <br />0.2 m <br />) +
obovate +  and narrowly elliptic or narrowly obovate +
arranged +  and alternate +
entire +, dentate +  and serrate +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br />) +
light-brown +
1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br /> (3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br />) +
ovoid-ellipsoid +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br />) +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br />) +
Flowering mid-late spring. +
helmetlike +, undulate +  and flared +
×18-25 +, 9mm +  and 15mm +
few-to-many +
reduced +
anastomosing +, branching +  and unbranched +
curved +  and straight +
Endemic +  and Illustrated +
inconspicuous +
distinct +
subulate +  and dilated +
enlarged +
Quercus montana +
Quercus sect. Quercus +
species +
spheric +  and ovoid terete or angled +
bristle-tipped +
acute +  and rounded +
light-brown +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +