Penstemon clevelandii

A. Gray

Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 11: 94. 1876.

Common names: Cleveland’s beardtongue
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 17. Treatment on page 248. Mentioned on page 228, 245, 246, 247.

Herbs. Stems ascending to erect, 30–70 cm, glaucous. Leaves: basal and proximal cauline 15–90 × 8–35 mm, blade ovate, base truncate to tapered, margins entire or coarsely dentate, apex acute; cauline 4–7 pairs, short-petiolate or sessile, 10–70 × 8–32 mm, blade cordate to triangular-lanceolate, base tapered or truncate on proximal leaves to connate-perfoliate on distal leaves, margins coarsely dentate, sometimes entire, apex acute. Thyrses interrupted, secund, 10–40 (–65) cm, axis glabrous or glandular-pubescent, verticillasters 6–12 (–22), cymes 2–8-flowered; proximal bracts depressed-ovate to ovate or triangular, 6–45 × 11–26 mm; peduncles and pedicels spreading to ascending or erect, glabrous or glandular-pubescent. Flowers: calyx lobes ovate, 3.2–6 × 1.6–4 mm, glabrous or glandular-pubescent; corolla red to reddish purple, with or without reddish or reddish purple nectar guides, bilabiate, tubular-funnelform to slightly ventricose, 17–24 mm, glandular-pubescent externally, glabrous internally or glandular-pubescent, sometimes also pilose abaxially, tube 6–9 mm, length 1.8–2 times calyx lobes, throat gradually inflated, slightly constricted or not at orifice, 5–8 mm diam., rounded abaxially; stamens included or longer pair reaching orifice, filaments glabrous, pollen-sacs navicular or explanate, 1.2–1.7 mm, sutures smooth or denticulate, teeth to 0.1 mm; staminode 6–11 mm, included, 0.3–0.5 mm diam., tip straight to recurved, glabrous or distal 1–6 mm pilose, hairs yellow, to 0.8 mm, proximal 1–2 mm sometimes glandular-puberulent; style 11–14 mm, glabrous. Capsules 6–9 × 5–7 mm, glabrous. 2n = 16.

Discussion

Varieties 3 (3 in the flora).

Penstemon clevelandii is an ancient, stable, diploid hybrid between P. centranthifolius and P. spectabilis (A. D. Wolfe et al. 1998). Penstemon ×parishii A. Gray is a naturally occurring hybrid, also with P. centranthifolius and P. spectabilis as parents; it has been reported from Los Angeles, Riverside, San Bernardino, and San Diego counties, California (D. D. Keck 1937b; Paul Wilson and M. Valenzuela 2002). Keck reported that P. clevelandii var. clevelandii could be distinguished from P. ×parishii by the former’s shorter and narrower corollas, more glandular-pubescent inflorescences, and explanate pollen sacs.

Selected References

None.

Key

1 Distal cauline leaves sessile, bases connate-perfoliate; pollen sacs navicular, sutures denticulate; peduncles, pedicels, and calyx lobes glabrous. Penstemon clevelandii var. connatus
1 Distal cauline leaves short-petiolate or sessile, bases tapered or truncate; pollen sacs explanate, sutures smooth; peduncles, pedicels, and calyx lobes glandular-pubescent, rarely glabrous. > 2
2 Corollas glandular-pubescent internally, not pilose or sparsely white- or yellowish pilose internally abaxially; staminodes 9–11 mm. Penstemon clevelandii var. clevelandii
2 Corollas not glandular-pubescent internally, densely white- or yellowish pilose internally abaxially; staminodes 6–8 mm. Penstemon clevelandii var. mohavensis

"/4+timescorollathroat" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property."-2timescalyxlobes" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.

... more about "Penstemon clevelandii"
Craig C. Freeman +
A. Gray +
glandular-pubescent +  and glabrous +
alternate +, opposite +, whorled +, helical +  and subopposite +
truncate;tapered;truncate;tapered +
cordate;triangular-lanceolate +
not +  and leathery +
glandular-pubescent +  and glabrous +
rounded;ovate +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
short-tubular +  and short-campanulate +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br />) +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
sessile +  and short-petiolate +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br />) +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (3.2 cm32 mm <br />0.032 m <br />) +
Cleveland’s beardtongue +
not personate +, bilabiate +  and strongly bilabiate +
red +  and reddish purple +
hairy +, glandular-pubescent +  and glabrous +
cylindric-funnelform +, tubular-funnelform +  and ventricose +
ventricose-ampliate +
2-8-flowered +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
scale-like +  and not needlelike +
Calif. +  and nw Mexico +
drupe-like +
curved +  and straight +
1 +  and 4 +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.08 cm0.8 mm <br />8.0e-4 m <br />) +
membranous +
terminal +  and axillary +
persistent +  and deciduous +
1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br /> (9 cm90 mm <br />0.09 m <br />) +
cauline +, proximal +  and basal +
glaucous +  and glabrous +
leathery +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (3.5 cm35 mm <br />0.035 m <br />) +
orbiculate;linear;orbiculate;linear;truncate;oblanceolate;obovate;oblong;elliptic;round;lanceolate;ovate +
erose +  and entire +
entire +  and dentate +
glandular-pubescent +  and glabrous +
denticulate +, toothed +  and entire +
reddish purple +  and reddish +
1.8-2 times calyx lobes +
glabrous +  and glandular-pubescent +
rounded +, inflated +, tubular-funnelform +  and slightly ventricose +
constricted +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
axile +  and parietal +
basal +, apical +  and superior +
tenuinucellate +, unitegmic +  and hemitropous +
campylotropous +, hemianatropous +  and anatropous +
spreading +  and ascending or erect +
glandular-pubescent +  and glabrous +
spreading;ascending or erect +
glandular-pubescent +  and glabrous +
5 +  and 4 +
divergent +  and opposite +
navicular-sigmoid +
0.12 cm1.2 mm <br />0.0012 m <br /> (0.17 cm1.7 mm <br />0.0017 m <br />) +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (4.5 cm45 mm <br />0.045 m <br />) +
depressed-ovate +  and ovate or triangular +
1.1 cm11 mm <br />0.011 m <br /> (2.6 cm26 mm <br />0.026 m <br />) +
glandular-puberulent +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
connate-perfoliate +
Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts +
minute +
brown +  and dark-brown or black +
rounded +  and angled +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
0.03 cm0.3 mm <br />3.0e-4 m <br /> (0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br />) +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (?) +  and 1.1 cm11 mm <br />0.011 m <br /> (?) +
subalternate +, alternate +, whorled +  and opposite +
climbing +  and scrambling +
sprawling +, creeping +  and prostrate +
ascending;erect +
30 cm300 mm <br />0.3 m <br /> (70 cm700 mm <br />0.7 m <br />) +
1.1 cm11 mm <br />0.011 m <br /> (1.4 cm14 mm <br />0.014 m <br />) +
papillate +
denticulate +
Penstemon clevelandii +
Penstemon sect. Spectabiles +
species +
1.8-2 times calyx lobes +
pilose +  and glandular-pubescent +
rounded +  and inflated +
constricted +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
secund +  and interrupted +
40 cm400 mm <br />0.4 m <br /> (65 cm650 mm <br />0.65 m <br />) +
cylindric +
10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br /> (40 cm400 mm <br />0.4 m <br />) +
straight +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.01 cm0.1 mm <br />1.0e-4 m <br />) +
gibbous +  and not spurred +
pilose +  and glandular-pubescent +
rounded +  and inflated +
constricted +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +