familyAsteraceae
tribeAsteraceae tribe Heliantheae
subtribeAsteraceae (tribe Heliantheae) subtribe Ambrosiinae
genusParthenium
speciesParthenium incanum

Parthenium incanum

Kunth in A. von Humboldt et al.

in A. von Humboldt et al., Nov. Gen. Sp. 4(fol.): 204. 1818.

,

4(qto.): 260. plate 391. 1820.

John L. Strother
Common names: Mariola
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 21. Mentioned on page 20.

Shrubs, 30–100+ cm. Leaf-blades oval-elliptic to obovate, 15–25 (–40+) × 6–15 (–25+) mm, sometimes pinnately (3–) 5–7-lobed or round-toothed, ultimate margins entire, faces tomentose (gray to white) and glanddotted. Heads radiate, in glomerules of 3–5+ on branched stalks 1–5 (–12+) cm, forming compound, corymbiform arrays. Peduncles 1–3+ mm. Phyllaries: outer 5 oblong, 1.5–2 mm, inner 5 orbiculate, 2–2.5 mm. Pistillate florets 5; corolla laminae ovate, 1–1.5 mm. Disc-florets 8–20 (–30+). Cypselae obovoid, 1.5–2 mm; pappuslike enations 2 (–3), erect to spreading, ± subulate, 0.5–1 mm. 2n = 54.


Phenology: Flowering (May–)Jul–Nov.
Habitat: Openings in desert scrub, often on limestone soils
Elevation: 1000–1500 m

Distribution

V21-32-distribution-map.gif

Ariz., Nev., N.Mex., Tex., Utah, Mexico

Discussion

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.
... more about "Parthenium incanum"
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2n chromosome quantity
54 +
Anther base shape
not tailed +, rounded +  and obtuse +
Anther dehiscence
introrse +
Anther fusion
connate +
Anther theca coloration
pale +
Apex fusion
connate +  and distinct +
Apex growth form or texture
herbaceous +
Apex size
subequal +
Apex texture
scarious +
Apical appendage presence
absent +
Apical appendage shape
usually ovate +  and lanceolate +
Appendage pubescence
hirsute +
Appendage relief
papillate +
Appendage shape
usually deltate +  and lanceolate +
Array architecture
corymbiform +  and compound +
Array development
indeterminate +  and determinate +
Author
John L. Strother +
Authority
Kunth in A. von Humboldt et al. +
Band architecture
continuous +
Band quantity
1 +
Base shape
decurrent +
Blade architecture
compound +  and simple +
Blade arrangement or course or shape
linear +
Blade arrangement or shape
elliptic +
Blade shape
lobed;spatulate;rounded-deltate;ovate;obovate;oblanceolate;lyrate;lanceolate +
Body architecture
winged;ribbed;winged;ribbed +
Body architecture or pubescence or relief
smooth +
Body relief
tuberculate +  and rugose +
Bractlet quantity
1;15 +
Branch arrangement or course or shape
linear +
Branch structure in adjective form
stigmatic +
Bristle architecture
barbellulate +  and barbellate +
Bristle shape
Plumose (?) +
Calyculus presence
absent +
Calyculus quantity
Of 1 (15+ bractlets) +
Common name
Mariola +
Corolla architecture
zygomorphic +
Corolla coloration
ochroleucous +
Corolla lamina shape
Ovate (?) +
Corolla lamina some measurement
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br />) +
Corolla shape
tubular +  and more or less filiform +
Cypsela architecture
monomorphic +
Cypsela architecture or pubescence or relief
smooth +
Cypsela architecture or shape
beaked +
Cypsela growth form
dimorphic +
Cypsela pubescence
villous +, strigillose +, hispidulous +, glabrous +  and warty +
Cypsela relief
scabrellous +  and tuberculate +
Cypsela shape
obovoid +
Cypsela some measurement
1.5mm;2mm +
Disc-floret architecture
staminate +
Disc-floret atypical quantity
20 (30) +
Disc-floret position
enfolding +
Disc-floret quantity
8 (20) +
Disc floret architecture
staminate +
Disc floret quantity
5 (60) +
Disc floret reproduction
fertile +  and bisexual +
Distribution
Ariz. +, Nev. +, N.Mex. +, Tex. +, Utah +  and Mexico +
Elevation
1000–1500 m +
Embryo course
straight +
Enation atypical quantity
2 (3) +
Enation orientation
Erect (Spreading) +
Enation quantity
2 +
Enation shape
subulate +  and pappuslike +
Enation some measurement
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
Face pubescence
tomentose +
Filament fusion
distinct +
Floret architecture
pistillate +
Floret atypical quantity
5;15 +
Floret position
proximal +
Floret quantity
5 +
Floret reproduction
bisexual +
Fruit architecture
winged +  and beaked +
Fruit condition or texture
dry +
Fruit density
dispersed +
Glomerule arrangement
singly +
Glomerule quantity
3;5 +
Habitat
Openings in desert scrub, often on limestone soils +
Head architecture or arrangement
radiate +
Head architecture or shape
disciform +
Head arrangement
in corymbiform , glomerate , paniculiform , racemiform or spiciform , arrays +  and singly +
Head development
indeterminate +
Head reproduction
homogamous +  and heterogamous +
Illustration copyright
Flora of North America Association +
Illustrator
Linda Ann Vorobik +
Individual head architecture
each +  and sessile +
Inner phyllary quantity
5 +
Inner phyllary shape
Orbiculate (?) +
Inner phyllary some measurement
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br />) +
Inner phyllary texture
less scarious +  and membranous +
Involucre diameter
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
Involucre position relational
surrounding +
Involucre shape
hemispheric +
Lamina prominence
conspicuous +
Lamina shape
oblong +  and reniform or orbiculate or more or less coroniform +
Leaf-blade atypical length
2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br /> (4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br />) +
Leaf-blade atypical width
1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br /> (2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br />) +
Leaf-blade length
1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br /> (2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br />) +
Leaf-blade shape
round-toothed;(3-)5-7-lobed;oval-elliptic;obovate +
Leaf-blade width
6mm;15mm +
Leaf architecture
sessile +  and petiolate +
Leaf arrangement
alternate +
Leaf position
cauline +
Line quantity
2 +
Lobe atypical quantity
3 (5) +
Lobe quantity
5 (?) +
Lobe shape
deltate +
Margin architecture or shape
dentate to pinnatifid or palmatifid +  and entire +
Number of lower taxa
0 +
Outer phyllary atypical quantity
5 (8) +
Outer phyllary growth form or texture
herbaceous +
Outer phyllary quantity
5 +
Outer phyllary shape
oblong +
Outer phyllary some measurement
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
Outer phyllary texture
herbaceous +  and scarious +
Ovary architecture
2-carpellate +
Ovary architecture or structure in adjective form
1-locular +
Ovary position
inferior +
Ovule fixation
attached +
Ovule orientation
anatropous +
Ovule quantity
1 +
Palea position
peripheral +
Palea relief
papillate +
Palea shape
fimbrillate;cuneate;flabelliform +
Palea texture
membranous +  and scarious +
Pappus duration
persistent +
Pappus life cycle
falling +
Pappus presence
absent +
Peduncle some measurement
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
Pericarp fragility
tough +
Pericarp width
thick +
Peripheral floret presence
absent +
Peripheral floret quantity
1 (10) +
Petal fusion
connate +
Phenology
Flowering (May–)Jul–Nov. +
Phyllary atypical quantity
10 (16) +
Phyllary duration
persistent +
Phyllary fusion
distinct +
Phyllary life cycle
falling +
Phyllary quantity
10 +
Phyllary shape
Lanceovate (Linear) +
Phyllary size
unequal +  and subequal +
Phyllary texture
Herbaceous (Chartaceous) +
Publication title
in A. von Humboldt et al., Nov. Gen. Sp. +
Publication year
1818 +  and 1820 +
Ray-floret architecture
pistillate +
Ray-floret atypical quantity
5 (8) +
Ray-floret presence
absent +
Ray-floret quantity
5 (?) +
Ray-floret reproduction
fertile +
Ray floret atypical quantity
5 (8) +
Ray floret quantity
5 (?) +
Ray floret reproduction
fertile +
Receptacle architecture
paleate +
Receptacle pubescence
bearing subulate enations +, hairy +  and bristly +
Receptacle shape
flat;conic +
Reference
None +
Root texture
fibrous +
Seed architecture
exalbuminous +
Seed quantity
1 +
Sepal variability
modifed +
Series atypical quantity
8 (12) +
Series quantity
2 +
Source xml
https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V19-20-21/V21 32.xml +
Stalk architecture
branched +
Stalk atypical some measurement
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (12 cm120 mm <br />0.12 m <br />) +
Stalk some measurement
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br />) +
Stamen arrangement
alternate +
Stamen atypical quantity
4 (5) +
Stamen quantity
5 +
Stem architecture
branched +
Stem orientation
erect +
Stigmatic papilla presence
absent +
Style-branch architecture
appendaged +  and truncate +
Style architecture
2-branched +
Style pubescence
hirsutulous +  and glabrous +
Style quantity
1 +
Style relief
papillate +
Synonyms
Undefined (tribe Undefined) subtribe Ambrosieae +  and Undefined (tribe Undefined) subtribe Iveae +
Taxon family
Asteraceae +
Taxon name
Parthenium incanum +
Taxon parent
Parthenium +
Taxon rank
species +
Throat shape
campanulate +  and cylindric +
Tube architecture or function or pubescence
glandular +
Tube fragility or size
stout +
Tube length or size
longer +
Ultimate margin architecture or shape
entire +
Ultimate margin shape
toothed +  and entire +
Volume
Volume 21 +
Whole-organism duration
perennial +, biennial +  and annual +
Whole organism atypical some measurement
120 cm1,200 mm <br />1.2 m <br /> (400 cm4,000 mm <br />4 m <br />) +
Whole organism growth form
shrub +
Whole organism some measurement
30cm (100cm) +
X chromosome quantity
9 +