Euphorbia exstipulata

Engelmann in W. H. Emory

Rep. U.S. Mex. Bound. 2(1): 189. 1859.

Common names: Squareseed or Clark Mountain spurge
Illustrated
Synonyms: Euphorbia exstipulata var. lata Warnock & M. C. Johnston
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 12. Treatment on page 322. Mentioned on page 239, 240, 317, 318.

Herbs, annual, with slender taproot. Stems erect, 5–26 cm, uniformly puberulent to hispidulous or glabrous; branches arcuate. Leaves opposite; petiole 1–3 mm, often indistinct, glabrous or puberulent; blade linear to narrowly elliptic or ovate, 14–42 × 3–28 mm, base attenuate, margins coarsely serrate, occasionally revolute, apex acute to obtuse, abaxial surface sparsely hispidulous to strigillose, adaxial surface glabrous; midvein conspicuous. Cyathial arrangement: terminal cymose or dichasial branches usually 1–2, occasionally reduced to monochasia, 1–2-branched; pleiochasial bracts 2–4, often whorled, wholly green or paler green at base, similar in shape and size to distal leaves or slightly narrower; dichasial bracts similar in shape to distal leaves but smaller or highly reduced. Cyathia: peduncle 1–1.9 mm. Involucre turbinate to campanulate, 1.1–1.5 × 1–1.3 mm, glabrous, pilose or puberulent; involucral lobes divided into several linear lobes; glands 4 (–5), yellow to pink, sessile and broadly attached, 0.2 × 0.3–0.4 mm, opening oblong to nearly circular, glabrous; appendages usually petaloid, white to pink, ovate to trapezoidal, occasionally absent, not incurved and covering glands, 0.2–0.4 × 0.3–0.8 mm, entire, undulate, or conspicuously divided into triangular segments, glabrous. Staminate flowers 10–12. Pistillate flowers: ovary puberulent on keels, styles 0.8–1.1 mm, 2-fid 1/2 to nearly entire length. Capsules broadly depressed-oblong to ovoid, 2.7–3.3 × 3.1–3.9 mm, puberulent (with appressed hairs usually concentrated on keels); columella 1.9–2.5 mm. Seeds white to gray or light-brown, ovoid, bluntly 4-angled in cross-section, 1.9–2.5 × 1.4–1.7 mm, tuberculate, often with 2 transverse ridges; caruncle 0.1 × 0.2 mm.


Phenology: Flowering and fruiting summer–fall.
Habitat: Desert scrub, grasslands, mesquite savannas, oak and oak-juniper woodlands.
Elevation: 800–2000 m.

Distribution

V12 374-distribution-map.jpg

Ariz., Calif., N.Mex., Tex., Utah, Wyo., Mexico (Chihuahua), Mexico (Coahuila), Mexico (Durango), Mexico (Guanajuato), Mexico (San Luis Potosí), Mexico (Sonora), Mexico (Zacatecas)

Discussion

Euphorbia exstipulata is native from Texas to California and northern Mexico. The species was found once in the late nineteenth century in Wyoming but has not been re-collected there. Broad-leaved plants have been segregated as var. lata, but the variation in leaf shape is continuous and no varieties are formally recognized here.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"narrower" is not a number."connate" is not a number. "distinct" is not a number."/2" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.

... more about "Euphorbia exstipulata"
14mm;42mm +
glabrous +, sparsely hispidulous +  and strigillose +
acute;obtuse +
3mm;28mm +
0.02 cm0.2 mm <br />2.0e-4 m <br /> (0.04 cm0.4 mm <br />4.0e-4 m <br />) +
divided +, undulate +, entire +, ovate +  and trapezoidal +
0.03 cm0.3 mm <br />3.0e-4 m <br /> (0.08 cm0.8 mm <br />8.0e-4 m <br />) +
Jess A. Peirson +, Paul E. Berry +  and Victor W. Steinmann +
Engelmann in W. H. Emory +
connate +
1.4 cm14 mm <br />0.014 m <br /> (?) +  and 4.2 cm42 mm <br />0.042 m <br /> (?) +
glabrous;sparsely hispidulous;strigillose +
acute +  and obtuse +
3mm;28mm +
Poinsettia +
unlobed +
dichasial +  and pleiochasial +
paler green +  and green +
distinct +
2 +  and 4 +
arranged +  and opposite +
reduced +
0.27 cm2.7 mm <br />0.0027 m <br /> (0.33 cm3.3 mm <br />0.0033 m <br />) +
broadly depressed-oblong +  and ovoid +
0.31 cm3.1 mm <br />0.0031 m <br /> (0.39 cm3.9 mm <br />0.0039 m <br />) +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (?) +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (?) +
0.19 cm1.9 mm <br />0.0019 m <br /> (0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br />) +
Squareseed or Clark Mountain spurge +
reduced +  and smaller +
Ariz. +, Calif. +, N.Mex. +, Tex. +, Utah +, Wyo. +, Mexico (Chihuahua) +, Mexico (Coahuila) +, Mexico (Durango) +, Mexico (Guanajuato) +, Mexico (San Luis Potosí) +, Mexico (Sonora) +  and Mexico (Zacatecas) +
800–2000 m. +
pistillate +  and staminate +
yellow +  and pink +
subtending +
oblong +  and nearly circular +
0.3mm +  and 0.4mm +
Desert scrub, grasslands, mesquite savannas, oak and oak-juniper woodlands. +
axillary +  and terminal +
0.11 cm1.1 mm <br />0.0011 m <br /> (0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br />) +
puberulent +, pilose +  and glabrous +
turbinate +  and campanulate +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.13 cm1.3 mm <br />0.0013 m <br />) +
caducous +, deciduous +  and persistent +
bractlike +
involucral +
divided +
palmate +  and pinnate +
1.4 cm14 mm <br />0.014 m <br /> (4.2 cm42 mm <br />0.042 m <br />) +
glabrous +, sparsely hispidulous +  and strigillose +
acute +  and obtuse +
3mm +  and 28mm +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.19 cm1.9 mm <br />0.0019 m <br />) +
connate;distinct +
puberulent +  and glabrous +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
Flowering and fruiting summer–fall. +
Rep. U.S. Mex. Bound. +
white;gray or light-brown +
0.19 cm1.9 mm <br />0.0019 m <br /> (0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br />) +
tuberculate +
4-angled +  and ovoid +
0.14 cm1.4 mm <br />0.0014 m <br /> (0.17 cm1.7 mm <br />0.0017 m <br />) +
triangular +
Illustrated +
free +, connate +  and distinct +
uniformly puberulent +  and hispidulous or glabrous +
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (26 cm260 mm <br />0.26 m <br />) +
deciduous +  and persistent +
distinct +
0.08 cm0.8 mm <br />8.0e-4 m <br /> (?) +  and 0.11 cm1.1 mm <br />0.0011 m <br /> (?) +
1.4 cm14 mm <br />0.014 m <br /> (4.2 cm42 mm <br />0.042 m <br />) +
glabrous +, sparsely hispidulous +  and strigillose +
acute +  and obtuse +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (2.8 cm28 mm <br />0.028 m <br />) +
Euphorbia exstipulata var. lata +
Euphorbia exstipulata +
Euphorbia sect. Poinsettia +
species +
dichasial +, cymose +  and terminal +