Erythranthe geniculata

(Greene) G. L. Nesom

Phytoneuron 2012-39: 38. 2012.

Common names: Bent-stem or Dudley’s monkeyflower
Endemic
Basionym: Mimulus geniculatus Greene Bull. Calif. Acad. Sci. 1: 280. 1885
Synonyms: M. dudleyi A. L. Grant M. floribundus var. geniculatus (Greene) A. L. Grant
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 17. Treatment on page 404. Mentioned on page 381, 403, 405.

Annuals, fibrous-rooted or filiform-taprooted. Stems ascending to decumbent or prostrate, geniculate at nodes, simple or diffusely branched, 5–60 cm, moderately villous, hairs 0.8–2 mm, multicellular, eglandular and also 0.1–0.3 mm, stipitate-glandular. Leaves basal and cauline, basal usually deciduous by flowering; petiole 2–10 (–35) mm; blade pinnately to subpinnately veined, broadly ovate or elliptic-ovate to triangular, 8–35 × 5–30 mm, base cuneate to rounded or subcordate, margins serrate or dentate, teeth 3–10 per side, apex acute to obtuse or rounded, surfaces moderately villous, hairs 0.8–2 mm, multicellular, eglandular, and 0.1–0.3 mm, stipitate-glandular. Flowers herkogamous, (1–) 6–20, from all or medial to distal nodes. Fruiting pedicels 12–26 (–55) mm, moderately villous, hairs 0.8–2 mm, multicellular, eglandular and also 0.1–0.3 mm, stipitate-glandular. Fruiting calyces red-spotted, campanulate-cylindric, weakly inflated, (5–) 6–8 mm, margins distinctly toothed or lobed, sparsely to moderately villous-glandular, ribs shallowly wing-angled, lobes pronounced, erect to spreading or spreading-recurving. Corollas yellow, without white patches, throat red-spotted, spots concentrated or becoming coalescent into a somewhat discrete splotch at base of each of 3 abaxial lobes and sometimes 2 adaxial, bilaterally symmetric, ± bilabiate; tube-throat cylindric, 9–12 mm, exserted beyond calyx margin; limb expanded 10–18 mm diam. Styles glabrous. Anthers included, glabrous. Capsules included, 4–6 (–7) mm. 2n = 32.


Phenology: Flowering (Mar–)Apr–Jul.
Habitat: Granite crevices, canyon slopes, talus, crevices in volcanic outcrops, edges of boulders, roadsides, damp sandy soils, sandy water edges, gravelly soils and creek bottoms.
Elevation: 200–900(–1200) m.

Discussion

Erythranthe geniculata is known from an apparently disjunct cluster of populations in Butte, Sutter, and Yuba counties and then from Tuolumne and Stanislaus counties south to Kern County.

Erythranthe geniculata, compared to E. floribunda, has larger, chasmogamous, and allogamous flowers. The anther pairs of E. geniculata are at different levels, and the stigma is slightly above the adaxial anther pair; in E. floribunda both anther pairs and the stigma are at the same level.

Erythranthe arenaria, E. geniculata, and E. norrisii constitute a group of apparently closely related species within sect. Mimulosma endemic along the Sierra Nevada. All have ovate-petiolate leaves (only the basal ones are sometimes ovate in E. arenaria) with pinnate to subpinnate venation. The more widespread E. floribunda, which is part of the above group, also is similar, but all three endemics have larger corollas with the tube exserted at greater length beyond the calyx margin.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.
... more about "Erythranthe geniculata"
loculicidal +
acute +  and obtuse or rounded +
Guy L. Nesom +  and Naomi S. Fraga +
(Greene) G. L. Nesom +
rosulate +  and subrosulate +
cuneate;rounded or subcordate +
Mimulus geniculatus +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (3.5 cm35 mm <br />0.035 m <br />) +
elliptic-ovate;triangular +
not leathery +  and semifleshy +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br />) +
compressed +, inflated +  and tubular +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
Bent-stem or Dudley’s monkeyflower +
regular +  and bilabiate +
compressed +
200–900(–1200) m. +
hairy +  and glabrous +
nodding;spreading;nodding;spreading;erect +
reduced +
Granite crevices, canyon slopes, talus, crevices in volcanic outcrops, edges of boulders, roadsides, damp sandy soils, sandy water edges, gravelly soils and creek bottoms. +
eglandular +  and multicellular +
stipitate-glandular;stipitate-glandular;stipitate-glandular +
0.01 cm0.1 mm <br />1.0e-4 m <br /> (0.03 cm0.3 mm <br />3.0e-4 m <br />) +
alternate +, opposite +, rosulate +  and subrosulate +
persistent +  and deciduous +
cauline +  and basal +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (1.8 cm18 mm <br />0.018 m <br />) +
expanded +
erect +  and spreading or spreading-recurving +
pronounced +
3 (?) +  and Not 5 (?) +
mostly triangular;deltate +
reduced +  and longer +
dentate +  and serrate +
lobed +  and toothed +
basal +  and superior +
tenuinucellate +  and unitegmic +
orthotropous +  and anatropous +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (3.5 cm35 mm <br />0.035 m <br />) +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
Flowering (Mar–)Apr–Jul. +
Phytoneuron +
wing-angled +
flattened +  and ellipsoid +
3 +  and 5 +
coalescent +
proximal +  and middle +
branched +  and simple +
prostrate +  and decumbent +
geniculate +
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (60 cm600 mm <br />0.6 m <br />) +
M. dudleyi +  and M. floribundus var. geniculatus +
Erythranthe geniculata +
Erythranthe +
species +
0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br /> (1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br />) +
red-spotted +
filiform-taprooted +  and fibrous-rooted +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
inflated +  and campanulate-cylindric +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
perennial +  and annual +
herb +  and subshrub +
terrestrial +  and aquatic +
semiaquatic +  and terrestrial +
9 +, 8 +  and 7 +