Enemion biternatum

Rafinesque

J. Phys. Chim. Hist. Nat. Arts 91: 70. 1820.

EndemicIllustrated
Synonyms: Isopyrum biternatum (Rafinesque) Torrey & A. Gray
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3.

Stems 10-40 cm, weakly rhizomatous; roots fibrous. Leaves: leaflets irregularly 2-3-lobed, lobes sometimes with 1-3 secondary lobes, apex rounded, glandular-apiculate; surfaces abaxially glabrous. Inflorescences axillary, flowers solitary or loosely grouped in 2-4-flowered leafy racemes; peduncle not strongly clavate. Flowers: sepals 5.5-13.5 × 3.5-8.5 mm; stamens 25-50; filaments filiform to club-shaped, 1.8-5.8 mm. Follicles sessile, upright to widely divergent; body widely elliptic to widely obovate, 3.5-6.5 mm, gradually contracted into style beak; beak 1.7-3 mm. Seeds 2.1-2.7 mm, minutely pubescent. 2n = 14.


Phenology: Flowering spring.
Habitat: Moist deciduous woods of valleys, flood plains, and ravine bottoms, occasionally in open pastures, often on limey soils
Elevation: 25-1000 m

Distribution

V3 853-distribution-map.gif

Ont., Ala., Ark., Fla., Ill., Ind., Iowa, Kans., Ky., Mich., Minn., Miss., Mo., N.Y., N.C., Ohio, Okla., S.C., S.Dak., Tenn., Va., W.Va., Wis.

Discussion

Enemion biternatum has been mistaken for the superficially similar Thalictrum thalictroides because of its white flowers and compound Thalictrum-like leaves. Enemion biternatum is easily distinguished, however, by its few-seeded follicles and deeply lobed leaves with glandular-apiculate apices. Thalictrum thalictroides, on the other hand, is characterized by having achenes and somewhat crenate leaves with notched apices.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.
... more about "Enemion biternatum"
glandular-apiculate +
rounded +
Bruce A. Ford +
Rafinesque +
cuneate +, truncate +  and cordate +
curved +  and straight +
0.17 cm1.7 mm <br />0.0017 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
widely elliptic;widely obovate +
0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br /> (0.65 cm6.5 mm <br />0.0065 m <br />) +
globose;cylindric +
2-10-flowered +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br />) +
nearly +  and sessile +
Ont. +, Ala. +, Ark. +, Fla. +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Iowa +, Kans. +, Ky. +, Mich. +, Minn. +, Miss. +, Mo. +, N.Y. +, N.C. +, Ohio +, Okla. +, S.C. +, S.Dak. +, Tenn. +, Va. +, W.Va. +  and Wis. +
25-1000 m +
filiform +  and club-shaped +
0.18 cm1.8 mm <br />0.0018 m <br /> (0.58 cm5.8 mm <br />0.0058 m <br />) +
2-10-flowered +
grouped +  and solitary +
showy +  and inconspicuous +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br />) +
stipitate +, sessile +  and aggregate +
compressed +, elliptic +  and obovate +
Moist deciduous woods of valleys, flood plains, and ravine bottoms, occasionally in open pastures, often on limey soils +
compound +  and simple +
whorled +, opposite +  and alternate +
cauline +  and basal +
2-3-lobed +
palmate +  and pinnate +
entire;deeply 3-notched +
distinct +
conspicuous +
spurred +, funnel--shaped +, cup-shaped +  and plane +
reduced +
Flowering spring. +
2 +  and 10 +
J. Phys. Chim. Hist. Nat. Arts +
leafy +  and 2-4-flowered +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br />) +
not arillate +  and stalked +
reddish-brown +
rugulose +
0.21 cm2.1 mm <br />0.0021 m <br /> (0.27 cm2.7 mm <br />0.0027 m <br />) +
tinged pinkish;white +
not persistent +
distinct +
3 +  and 6 +
ovate +  and obovate +
0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br /> (0.85 cm8.5 mm <br />0.0085 m <br />) +
Endemic +  and Illustrated +
rhizomatous +
10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br /> (40 cm400 mm <br />0.4 m <br />) +
persistent +
Isopyrum biternatum +
Enemion biternatum +
species +
herbaceous +  and woody +