Emex spinosa

(Linnaeus) Campderá

Monogr. Rumex, 58. 1819.

Common names: Devil’s-thorn little jack spiny threecornerjack spiny emex
WeedyIntroduced
Basionym: Rumex spinosus Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 1: 337. 1753
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 5. Treatment on page 488. Mentioned on page 487.

Plants 3–6 (–8) dm. Stems ascending to erect, base often reddish, branched proximally. Leaves: ocrea loose, glabrous; petiole 2–29 cm, glabrous; blade ovate to ovate-oblong or triangular, 3–13 × 1.1–12 cm, base mostly truncate to subcordate, apex obtuse to acute. Staminate flowers 1–8 per ocreate fascicle; tepals narrowly oblong to oblanceolate, 1.5–2 mm. Pistillate flowers 2–7 per ocreate fascicle; outer tepals ovate to oblong, 4–6 mm in fruit, inner tepals linear-lanceolate, 5–6 mm in fruit, apex acute. Fruiting perianths 5–6 × 5–6 mm, spines spreading to reflexed, 2–4 mm, base broad. Achenes 4–5 × 2–3 mm, shiny. 2n = 20.


Phenology: Flowering year-round.
Habitat: Sandy shores, disturbed ground
Elevation: 0-500 m

Distribution

V5 1017-distribution-map.gif

Introduced; Calif., Fla., Mass., N.J., Tex., South America (Argentina), South America (Ecuador), South America (Peru), Eurasia (Mediterranean region), n Africa (Mediterranean region), in Eurasia (Cyprus), in Eurasia (India), in Eurasia (Iran), in Eurasia (Iraq), in Eurasia (Israel), in Eurasia (Lebanon), in Eurasia (Pakistan), in Eurasia (Syria), in Eurasia (Turkey), Africa (Algeria), Africa (Kenya), Africa (Kuwait), Africa (Mauritius), Africa (Morocco), Atlantic Islands (Canary Islands), Pacific Islands (Hawaii), Australia

Discussion

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"/2" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property."dm" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.

... more about "Emex spinosa"
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
3-gonous +
yellowish +  and reddish +
elliptic +  and ovate +
acute;obtuse;acute +
Craig C. Freeman +
(Linnaeus) Campderá +
mostly truncate +  and subcordate +
Rumex spinosus +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (13 cm130 mm <br />0.13 m <br />) +
ovate;ovate-oblong or triangular +
1.1 cm11 mm <br />0.011 m <br /> (12 cm120 mm <br />0.12 m <br />) +
foliaceous +  and perfoliate +
scale-like +
just below the soil surface or and above the soil surface +  and spreading +
Devil’s-thorn +, little jack +, spiny threecornerjack +  and spiny emex +
Calif. +, Fla. +, Mass. +, N.J. +, Tex. +, South America (Argentina) +, South America (Ecuador) +, South America (Peru) +, Eurasia (Mediterranean region) +, n Africa (Mediterranean region) +, in Eurasia (Cyprus) +, in Eurasia (India) +, in Eurasia (Iran) +, in Eurasia (Iraq) +, in Eurasia (Israel) +, in Eurasia (Lebanon) +, in Eurasia (Pakistan) +, in Eurasia (Syria) +, in Eurasia (Turkey) +, Africa (Algeria) +, Africa (Kenya) +, Africa (Kuwait) +, Africa (Mauritius) +, Africa (Morocco) +, Atlantic Islands (Canary Islands) +, Pacific Islands (Hawaii) +  and Australia +
0-500 m +
free +  and distinct +
pistillate +  and staminate +
disarticulating +  and solid +
decumbent to erect +  and prostrate +
unwinged +  and winged +
black +, red +, brown +  and yellowish +
exserted +  and included +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
spheroidal +, 4-gonous +, lenticular +, biconvex +, discoid +, 3-gonous +  and 2-gonous +
Sandy shores, disturbed ground +
linear-lanceolate +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
nonmembranous +
deciduous +
cauline +  and basal +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
undulate +, entire +  and obscurely crenulate or dentate +
swollen +
partly +  and foliaceous +
cylindric +
coriaceous +  and membranous +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
anatropous +, , +  and orthotropous +
accrescent +
spreading;erect +
campanulate +
nonaccrescent +  and accrescent +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (29 cm290 mm <br />0.29 m <br />) +
Flowering year-round. +
(2-)3(-4)-carpellate +
Monogr. Rumex, +
slender;stout +
Weedy +  and Introduced +
spreading +  and reflexed +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
4 +  and 6 +
not scapose +
ascending +  and erect +
penicillate +
deciduous +  and persistent +
2-lobed +  and cylindric +
coriaceous +  and membranous +
distinct +
spreading;erect +
Emex spinosa +
species +
connate +  and distinct +
narrowly oblong +  and oblanceolate +
subequal +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
coriaceous +
persistent +
membranous +
pubescent +  and glabrous +