Dodecatheon austrofrigidum

K. L. Chambers

Sida 22: 462, figs. 1–3. 2006 ,.

Common names: Frigid shootingstar
Synonyms: Primula austrofrigida (K. L. Chambers) Mast & Reveal
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 8. Treatment on page 278. Mentioned on page 271.

Plants (5–) 10–45 cm; scape usually glabrous, glandular-puberulent distally. Caudices not obvious at anthesis; roots white; bulblets absent. Leaves 2.5–30 × 0.7–7 cm; petiole winged; blade narrowly to broadly elliptic or ovate, base decurrent onto stem, gradually tapering to petiole, margins entire or irregularly sinuate-dentate to denticulate, surfaces glabrous. Inflorescences 1–7-flowered; bracts lanceolate, 2.5–10 mm, glandular-puberulent. Pedicels (0.4–) 0.5–4.5 (–5.5) cm, glandular-puberulent, sometimes glabrous. Flowers: calyx green, 5–11 mm, glabrous or glandular (at least on margins of lobes), tube 1–2.5 (–3) mm, lobes 5, 3–9 mm; corolla-tube white with reddish to purplish, thin, wavy ring, lobes 5, magenta, (9–) 15–20 (–23) mm; filaments distinct, dark maroon to dark purple, 0.5–1.8 mm; anthers (4.5–) 6–8 mm; pollen-sacs maroon to dark purple, connective dark purple, smooth; stigma not enlarged compared to style. Capsules greenish to tannish with purple speckles, often purplish apically, operculate or valvate, ovoid, 6–16 × 3.5–5.5 (–7) mm, glabrous; walls thin, pliable. Seeds without membrane along edges. 2n = 88.


Phenology: Flowering spring.
Habitat: Moist basaltic slopes, ridges, streamsides, and cliff faces in conifer woodlands near waterfalls and along streams or in high-elevation, tundralike, grassland communities
Elevation: 30-1200 m

Discussion

Of conservation concern.

Dodecatheon austrofrigidum occurs mainly in the mountains near the coast of Washington from the southern Olympic Peninsula (Grays Harbor and Pacific counties) to northwestern Oregon (Clatsop and Tillamook counties). The populations are widely scattered and always with relatively few individuals. At higher elevations (e.g., ca. 1200 m atop Saddle Mountain, Tillamook County), D. austrofrigidum occurs in moist, grassy turf. At lower elevations in the same area, it occurs on stream banks in the narrow zone between the high- and low-water mark, persisting in cracks of basaltic rocks. The degree of denticulation of the leaves appears to vary among populations; some larger plants have toothed leaf blades even prior to anthesis.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"reddish" is not a number. "maroon" is not a number. "purple" is not a number.

0.45 cm4.5 mm <br />0.0045 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
acute;mostly acute;rounded +
James L. Reveal +
K. L. Chambers +
whitish +  and yellowish +
tapering +  and decurrent +
crenulate +  and denticulate +
ovate;elliptic +
glandular-puberulent +
lanceolate +
0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
glandular +  and glabrous +
not keeled +  and tubular +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (1.1 cm11 mm <br />0.011 m <br />) +
0.55 cm5.5 mm <br />0.0055 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
purplish +, greenish +  and tannish +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (1.6 cm16 mm <br />0.016 m <br />) +
0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br /> (0.55 cm5.5 mm <br />0.0055 m <br />) +
not obvious +
minute +
Frigid shootingstar +
white with reddish +  and purplish +
short-tubular +
Oreg. +  and Wash. +
30-1200 m +
dark maroon +  and dark purple +
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.18 cm1.8 mm <br />0.0018 m <br />) +
operculate +  and capsular +
Moist basaltic slopes, ridges, streamsides, and cliff faces in conifer woodlands near waterfalls and along streams or in high-elevation, tundralike, grassland communities +
nectariferous +
2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br /> (30 cm300 mm <br />0.3 m <br />) +
0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br /> (?) +  and 7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br /> (?) +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (2.3 cm23 mm <br />0.023 m <br />) +
usually longer +
reflexed +  and spreading +
irregularly sinuate-dentate to denticulate +  and entire +
crenulate +  and dentate +
membranous +
tenuinucellate +  and bitegmic +
4.5 cm45 mm <br />0.045 m <br /> (5.5 cm55 mm <br />0.055 m <br />) +
glabrous +  and glandular-puberulent +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (4.5 cm45 mm <br />0.045 m <br />) +
white;pink or violet or magenta +
Flowering spring. +
maroon to dark purple +
glandular-puberulent +  and glabrous +
dark-brown +  and black +
alveolate +
globose +  and ovoid or quadrate +
toothlike +
connate +  and distinct +
nearly +  and erect +
inflated +
not enlarged +
Primula austrofrigida +
Dodecatheon austrofrigidum +
Dodecatheon +
species +
0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br />) +
perennial +  and annual +
stoloniferous +  and rhizomatous +
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br />) +