Cyrilla racemiflora

Linnaeus

Syst. Nat. ed. 12, 2: 182. 1767.

Common names: Titi
Illustrated
Synonyms: Cyrilla arida Small Cyrilla parvifolia Rafinesque Cyrilla racemiflora var. subglobosa Fernald
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 8. Treatment on page 369.

Plants to 10 m, frequently forming dense thickets. Leaves: petiole distinct; blade green, oblanceolate to elliptic, 1–10 × 0.5–2.5 cm, chartaceous to coriaceous, base cuneate, apex acute, rounded, or emarginate. Flowers fragrant; petals white or creamy white, 2.5–3.5 mm. Fruits ovoid to subglobose, 2–2.5 mm.


Phenology: Flowering May–Jul, sometimes again Sep–Oct.
Habitat: Bottomlands, swamps, stream margins, streamheads and baygalls, acidic seepage bogs, peat-based pocosins, Carolina bays, cypress-gum depressions in pine savannas, wet flatwoods
Elevation: 0-200 m

Distribution

V8 713-distribution-map.gif

Ala., Del., Fla., Ga., La., Miss., N.C., S.C., Tex., Va., s Mexico, West Indies, Central America, n South America

Discussion

Populations of Cyrilla racemiflora in northern Florida and southern Georgia often comprise individuals with smaller leaves (1–4 × 0.5–1 cm), inflorescences (4–9 cm), and petals (to 3 mm), and have been segregated by some authors as C. parvifolia (A. S. Weakley 2007). As noted by R. K. Godfrey and J. W. Wooten (1981) and other authors, this combination of characters represents but one extreme of a pattern of morphological intergradation so broad that only a single species can be recognized unequivocally.

Reproduction in Cyrilla racemiflora is largely vegetative. The shallow, nearly horizontal roots produce ascending shoots giving rise to extensive clones that often form dense thickets and may cover a sizeable area. The species is sometimes planted and has escaped locally, as in Delaware.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.
... more about "Cyrilla racemiflora"
emarginate;rounded;emarginate;rounded;acute +
David E. Lemke +
Linnaeus +
cuneate +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br />) +
oblanceolate;elliptic +
chartaceous +  and coriaceous +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br />) +
persistent +
Ala. +, Del. +, Fla. +, Ga. +, La. +, Miss. +, N.C. +, S.C. +, Tex. +, Va. +, s Mexico +, West Indies +, Central America +  and n South America +
0-200 m +
fragrant +
indehiscent +
ovoid +  and subglobose +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br />) +
Bottomlands, swamps, stream margins, streamheads and baygalls, acidic seepage bogs, peat-based pocosins, Carolina bays, cypress-gum depressions in pine savannas, wet flatwoods +
6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br /> (18 cm180 mm <br />0.18 m <br />) +
tenuinucellate +  and unitegmic +
1 +  and 3 +
creamy white +  and white +
distinct +
ovate;ovatelanceolate +
0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> (0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br />) +
Flowering May–Jul, sometimes again Sep–Oct. +
2-5-carpellate +
Syst. Nat. ed. +
1 +  and 4 +
lanceolate-ovate +
Illustrated +
2-3(-4)-lobed +
Cyrilla arida +, Cyrilla parvifolia +  and Cyrilla racemiflora var. subglobosa +
Cyrilla racemiflora +
species +
semievergreen +  and deciduous +