Cyperus lanceolatus

Poiret in J. Lamarck et al.

in J. Lamarck et al., Encycl. 7: 245. 1806.

Illustrated
Synonyms: Cyperus densus Link Cyperus humboldtianus Schultes Cyperus lanceolatus var. compositus J. Presl & C. Presl Pycreus densus
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 23. Treatment on page 162. Mentioned on page 142.

Herbs, perennial, cespitose, rhizomatous. Culms trigonous, compressed, 15–75 cm × 0.5–3 mm, glabrous. Leaves 1–3, 5–30 cm × 1–2 mm. Inflorescences: spikes 1 (–2), ovoid, 5–23 × 9–21 mm; rays 2–3 (–4), 0–15 mm; if rays absent, head single, compact, sessile, (12–) 15–20 mm diam.; bracts 2–3, horizontal to vertical, 2–14 cm × 0.5–3.5 mm. Spikelets 1–6, oblong-lanceoloid, 5–26 × 2–3 mm; floral scales 12–54, closely imbricate, laterally yellowish-brown, medially pale-brown, occasionally greenish, laterally 1-ribbed, medially 3-ribbed, distinctly 2-keeled basally, ovate, 1.8–2.6 × 1.4–1.7 mm, apex obtuse. Flowers: stamens 2; anthers 0.4–0.5 mm, connectives not prolonged; styles 0.3–1 mm; stigmas 0.6–0.8 (–1) mm. Achenes brown, network of ridges forming isodiametric or square cells, stipitate, obovoid to ellipsoid, 1.1–1.3 × (0.5–) 0.6 mm, apex acute to broadly rounded, surfaces minutely punctate or finely papillose.


Phenology: Fruiting summer.
Habitat: Marshes
Elevation: 0–100 m

Distribution

V23 258-distribution-map.jpg

Ala., Fla., Ga., La., Tex., Mexico, Central America, South America, Africa

Discussion

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"shortened" is not a number.

... more about "Cyperus lanceolatus"
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.06 cm0.6 mm <br />6.0e-4 m <br />) +
0.11 cm1.1 mm <br />0.0011 m <br /> (0.13 cm1.3 mm <br />0.0013 m <br />) +
obovoid;ellipsoid +
0.04 cm0.4 mm <br />4.0e-4 m <br /> (0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br />) +
acute;broadly rounded +
Gordon C. Tucker* +, Brian G. Marcks* +  and J. Richard Carter * +
Poiret in J. Lamarck et al. +
persistent +  and deciduous +
decurrent +
Undefined subg. Pycreus +
w--shaped +  and keeled +
glumaceous +  and foliaceous +
2-ranked +  and arranged +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (14 cm140 mm <br />0.14 m <br />) +
horizontal +  and vertical +
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br />) +
parallel +  and divergent +
terete +, rolled +  and plicate +
square +  and isodiametric +
not prolonged +
15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br /> (75 cm750 mm <br />0.75 m <br />) +
scabridulous +
compressed +  and trigonous +
0.5mm;3mm +
Ala. +, Fla. +, Ga. +, La. +, Tex. +, Mexico +, Central America +, South America +  and Africa +
0–100 m +
3-ribbed +  and 1-ribbed +
greenish +, pale-brown +  and yellowish-brown +
0.18 cm1.8 mm <br />0.0018 m <br /> (0.26 cm2.6 mm <br />0.0026 m <br />) +
ovate +  and 2-keeled +
0.14 cm1.4 mm <br />0.0014 m <br /> (0.17 cm1.7 mm <br />0.0017 m <br />) +
hypogynous +  and subtending +
biconvex +  and trigonous +
Marshes +
1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
subumbellate +  and capitate +
spreading +  and erect +
multi-ranked +, 2-ranked +, 3-ranked +  and alternate +
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (?) +  and 30 cm300 mm <br />0.3 m <br /> (?) +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
with (1-)3-6(-30) bristles and/or scales +
Fruiting summer. +
2-3(-4)-carpellate +
antrorse +  and extrorse +
3 (?) +  and 1 (?) +
in J. Lamarck et al., Encycl. +
nearly +  and wingless +
unequal +
2 +  and 3 +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
adventitious +
basal +  and proximal +
cylindric;compressed +
cylindric +
Illustrated +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (2.3 cm23 mm <br />0.023 m <br />) +
0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br /> (2.1 cm21 mm <br />0.021 m <br />) +
loosely spicate +  and more or less digitate +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (2.6 cm26 mm <br />0.026 m <br />) +
oblong-lanceoloid +
septate +, hollow +  and solid +
compressed +, terete +  and trigonous +
0.08 cm0.8 mm <br />8.0e-4 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
papillate +
0.06 cm0.6 mm <br />6.0e-4 m <br /> (0.08 cm0.8 mm <br />8.0e-4 m <br />) +
2-3-fid +
0.03 cm0.3 mm <br />3.0e-4 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
papillose +  and punctate +
Cyperus densus +, Cyperus humboldtianus +, Cyperus lanceolatus var. compositus +  and Pycreus densus +
Cyperus lanceolatus +
Cyperus subg. Pycreus +
species +
herb +  and cespitose +