Cyperus fuscus

Linnaeus

Sp. Pl. 1: 46. 1753.

Common names: Brown galingale
IntroducedIllustrated
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 23. Treatment on page 157. Mentioned on page 144, 156.

Herbs, annual, cespitose. Culms trigonous, 2–30 cm × 0.6–1.1 mm, glabrous. Leaves flat, 4–10 cm × 2–4 mm. Inflorescences: rays 1–3, 0.2–1.5 cm; 2d order rays present in robust plants, to 5 mm; bracts 2–3, longest erect, others spreading, 1–20 cm × 1.5–3 mm. Spikelets 3–12, narrowly ellipsoid, flattened, 3–7 × 0.9–1.2 mm; floral scales 8–12 (–16), laterally purplish brown, medially greenish yellow, 3-ribbed medially, orbiculate, 0.9–1.1 × 1 mm, apex mucronate. Flowers: stamen 1; anthers ellipsoid, 0.2 mm, connective not prolonged; styles 0.3–0.4 mm; stigmas 0.3 mm. Achenes light-brown, ellipsoid, 0.7–0.9 × 0.4 mm, base barely stipelike to narrowly cuneate, apex acute, surfaces glabrous.


Phenology: Fruiting summer.
Habitat: Damp, disturbed soils, emergent shorelines, puddles
Elevation: 0–1700 m

Distribution

V23 244-distribution-map.jpg

Introduced; Ont., Que., Calif., Conn., Md., Mass., Mo., Nebr., Nev., N.J., Pa., S.Dak., Va., Eurasia

Discussion

A native of temperate Eurasia, Cyperus fuscus is intermittently adventive and locally established 35°–45° N latitude. The report from New York (M. L. Fernald 1950) is based on a misidentification of C. diandrus (R. S. Mitchell and G. C. Tucker 1997).

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"shortened" is not a number."longest" is not a number.

... more about "Cyperus fuscus"
light-brown +
0.07 cm0.7 mm <br />7.0e-4 m <br /> (0.09 cm0.9 mm <br />9.0e-4 m <br />) +
ellipsoid +
ellipsoid +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (?) +
acute;mucronate +
Gordon C. Tucker* +, Brian G. Marcks* +  and J. Richard Carter * +
Linnaeus +
persistent +  and deciduous +
barely stipelike +  and narrowly cuneate +
w--shaped +  and keeled +
glumaceous +  and foliaceous +
2-ranked +  and arranged +
parallel +  and divergent +
terete +, rolled +  and plicate +
Brown galingale +
not prolonged +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (30 cm300 mm <br />0.3 m <br />) +
scabridulous +
trigonous +
0.6mm;1.1mm +
Ont. +, Que. +, Calif. +, Conn. +, Md. +, Mass. +, Mo. +, Nebr. +, Nev. +, N.J. +, Pa. +, S.Dak. +, Va. +  and Eurasia +
0–1700 m +
greenish yellow +  and purplish brown +
0.09 cm0.9 mm <br />9.0e-4 m <br /> (0.11 cm1.1 mm <br />0.0011 m <br />) +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (?) +
hypogynous +  and subtending +
biconvex +  and trigonous +
Damp, disturbed soils, emergent shorelines, puddles +
digitate +, glomerulate +  and umbellate +
subumbellate +  and capitate +
spreading +  and erect +
multi-ranked +, 2-ranked +, 3-ranked +  and alternate +
4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br /> (?) +  and 10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br /> (?) +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (20 cm200 mm <br />0.2 m <br />) +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
with (1-)3-6(-30) bristles and/or scales +
Fruiting summer. +
2-3(-4)-carpellate +
antrorse +  and extrorse +
3 (?) +  and 1 (?) +
unequal +
1 +  and 3 +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
adventitious +
basal +  and proximal +
cylindric;compressed +
cylindric +
Introduced +  and Illustrated +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
3 +  and 12 +
flattened;ellipsoid +
0.9mm;1.2mm +
septate +, hollow +  and solid +
compressed +, terete +  and trigonous +
papillate +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (?) +
2-3-fid +
0.03 cm0.3 mm <br />3.0e-4 m <br /> (0.04 cm0.4 mm <br />4.0e-4 m <br />) +
Cyperus subg. Protocyperus +
Cyperus fuscus +
Cyperus subg. Pycnostachys +
species +
tuberous +, stoloniferous +  and rhizomatous +
herb +  and cespitose +